CN115096990A - Elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetism detection device and method - Google Patents
Elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetism detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnetization and magnetism detection device and a method for elbow erosion defects. The three-axis fluxgate probe is driven to move at different grid points on the outer side of the elbow by the servo motor on the axial moving guide rail and the annular moving guide rail so as to accurately detect three components of the magnetic field of the elbow. Two excitation coils and a bent magnetic conductive sleeve are arranged at two ends of the elbow to form a complete magnetized magnetic circuit. The elbow is controlled by magnetization and detection control equipment to carry out magnetic detection regularly, constant direct current is provided for the excitation coil, the triaxial fluxgate probe is controlled to detect the elbow along a preset track, probe data is converted, and a detection result is displayed. The elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetic detection device is combined to form a complete and executable elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetic detection method, and the elbow erosion defect and the development process thereof can be quickly and accurately detected by the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pipeline detection, in particular to a magnetization and magnetism detection device and method for erosion defects of an elbow.
Background
Elbows are common plumbing fixtures that are commonly used to change the orientation and direction of a pipe, while also forcing the flow of fluid within the pipe. Due to the action of the inertia force of the fluid, the outer side of the elbow can be subjected to the long-term scouring action of the fluid during operation. Particularly when sandy particles are present in the fluid, erosion defects are easily caused on the outer side of the elbow in a short time. Erosion defects develop sufficiently to cause fluid leakage and even fire and blast accidents. Since the erosion defect occurs on the inner surface of the elbow, it is difficult to directly find the erosion defect by the naked eye. The wall thickness of the elbow is determined by an ultrasonic wall thickness detection method on site, but the method is easy to miss detection, and the detection result is influenced by the coupling effect of the sensor and the pipe wall. Considering that the elbow is made of ferromagnetic material, when the erosion defect occurs on the inner surface and the outer surface of the elbow, the magnetic anomaly occurs on the outer surface of the elbow at the corresponding position. The method mainly comprises two ideas aiming at the erosion defect of the elbow to determine the basic condition of the elbow, wherein firstly, the erosion defect of the elbow is periodically detected by adopting a nondestructive testing means, and secondly, a long-term monitoring device is arranged on the elbow to detect the change condition of the erosion defect. The long-term monitoring method can better reflect the development process of the erosion defects and is beneficial to timely processing the erosion defects, but the monitoring method usually needs more sensors, and the whole monitoring system is complex in structure, so that the cost efficiency is low. Therefore, the invention provides a magnetization and magnetic detection device and a magnetization and magnetic detection method for erosion defects of an elbow, which combine the advantages of the magnetic detection method and realize the detection of the erosion defects of the outer surface of the whole elbow by a single magnetic sensor probe through reasonable combination and improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of complex operation in the regular detection process of the erosion defect of the elbow and complex equipment in the long-term monitoring process. The elbow is accurately detected on line with low cost, so that support is provided for the safety protection of the elbow.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a magnetization and magnetism detection device and a magnetization and magnetism detection method for elbow erosion defects, and aims to achieve the purpose. The probe moving component comprises an axial moving guide rail, a circular moving guide rail and a servo motor; the magnetizing component comprises an excitation coil and a bending magnetic conduction sleeve; the magnetization and detection control equipment comprises a timer, a rectifier, a servo motor controller, a data acquisition unit and a display.
The three-axis fluxgate probe is fixedly arranged on the probe moving component, wherein an x axis of the three-axis fluxgate probe is parallel to an axis of the elbow, a y axis of the three-axis fluxgate probe is parallel to the annular direction of the elbow, and a z axis of the three-axis fluxgate probe is perpendicular to the outer surface of the elbow. The moving range of the triaxial fluxgate probe covers the outer side surface of the whole elbow.
The probe moving component comprises two completely consistent axial moving guide rails, and the axial moving guide rails are completely overlapped with the axis of the elbow in a side view and provide axial movement for the triaxial fluxgate probe. The annular moving guide rail is arranged on the axial moving guide rail and provides annular movement for the three-axis fluxgate probe. The distance between the annular moving guide rail and the outer surface of the elbow is fixedly kept to be 2 mm. The axial moving guide rail and the annular moving guide rail are made of high-strength aluminum alloy, and racks of the two guide rails are connected with and meshed with a gear of the servo motor, so that the triaxial fluxgate probe can move accurately. The three-axis fluxgate probe and the servo motor have small equipment size and mass. The two servo motors are arranged between the axial moving guide rail and the annular moving guide rail and move along with the annular moving guide rail; and the servo motor is arranged between the annular moving guide rail and the triaxial fluxgate probe and moves along with the triaxial fluxgate probe. The servo motor controller controls the servo motor to accurately implement actions, and the accurate positioning of the triaxial fluxgate probe on the outer side surface of the elbow is realized. Detection grids are divided on the outer side surface of the elbow, the angle of each grid corresponding to the elbow curvature radius center circle in the axial direction is 5 degrees, and the total number of the right-angle elbows is 18 axial detection grids. The angle of the section circle of each grid corresponding to the elbow in the ring direction is 10 degrees, and the total number of the elbows is 18 ring direction detection grids. The probe moving component needs to be zeroed before detection is carried out, in the zeroing process, the servo motor is controlled by the servo motor controller to move the triaxial fluxgate probe to the upper left corner limit position of the elbow, and the rest 324 magnetic field grid sampling points are detected by taking the position as a starting point again. The detection route of the triaxial fluxgate probe is as follows: acquiring magnetic field data of 18 annular detection grids on the same pipe ring outside the elbow in the annular direction on the first axial detection grid; and sequentially detecting the magnetic field data of the circumferential detection grids corresponding to the residual axial detection grids according to the same method. The three-axis fluxgate probe acquires three-dimensional magnetic field data of 5s after the servo motor stops running, and the influence caused by the vibration of the probe is avoided so as to ensure the magnetic field detection effect.
The magnetizing component magnetizes the elbow through the exciting coil so as to improve the magnetic detection effect of the erosion defect. And copper wires with the same material and the same diameter are respectively adopted at the two ends of the elbow to wind for the same number of turns, so that two identical excitation coils are manufactured. Constant direct current is introduced into the excitation coil, and two constant excitation magnetic field sources are formed on the elbow. The bending flux sleeve is similar to the shape of the elbow to be detected, and the diameter of the bending flux sleeve is slightly larger than that of the elbow and is made of the same material. The bending magnetic conductive sleeve can be symmetrically opened along the outer side line so as to be convenient for installation and disassembly, blind plates with holes are arranged at two ends of the bending magnetic conductive sleeve, and the diameter of the opening is consistent with the outer diameter of the elbow. The bend magnetic conduction sleeve wraps the elbow and a part of straight pipe sections at two ends of the bend magnetic conduction sleeve, and the three-axis fluxgate probe, the probe moving member and the excitation coil are wrapped inside the bend magnetic conduction sleeve. The complete excitation magnetization loop on the elbow is formed by the elbow to be detected, the two excitation coils and the bent magnetic conduction sleeve.
And a magnetization and detection control device is arranged beside the elbow, the time interval of the magnetization and the magnetic detection of the elbow twice is determined by a timer, the temporary detection is supported, and the time interval of the magnetic detection can be determined by integrating the flow velocity, the sand content, the elbow turning radius and the elbow diameter of the fluid in the elbow on site. The magnetization and detection control equipment is connected to a 220V alternating current power supply, and alternating current is converted into direct current by adopting a rectifier and is introduced into the two magnet exciting coils. And constant direct current is applied to the exciting coil for 0.5h before detection so as to eliminate the magnetization history of the elbow. The servo motor controller is used for connecting the three servo motors, supplying power to the servo motors and controlling the action process of the servo motors. A technician can program a detection action program in the servo motor controller to ensure that the triaxial fluxgate probe moves along a preset detection path. The data acquisition unit converts the analog signals on the triaxial fluxgate probe into digital signals. The display displays the three components of the magnetic field at each position on the elbow grid and displays the drawn distribution cloud picture of the three-component magnetic induction intensity value outside the elbow.
The invention provides an elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetic detection method based on an elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetic detection device. The magnetizing component magnetizes all the elbows, and the probe moving component is adopted to drive the triaxial fluxgate probe to detect three-dimensional magnetic signals along different grid points of the elbows, so that the defect positions and the approximate size are determined.
S1: investigating elbow information, wherein the information of the detected elbow is investigated before detection, and comprises elbow material, elbow diameter, turning radius, elbow wall thickness, medium component, sand content, fluid speed, design pressure, fluid trend and elbow trend;
s2: the method comprises the steps of calibrating and zeroing the equipment, periodically calibrating the detected equipment, including calibrating the triaxial orthogonality of the triaxial fluxgate probe and the accuracy of a detection result, verifying whether the triaxial fluxgate probe drifts within the detection time, zeroing the initial position of the triaxial fluxgate probe before detecting each time, namely controlling a servo motor to move the triaxial fluxgate probe to the upper left corner limit position of an elbow through a servo motor controller;
s3: dividing grids outside the elbow, axially dividing 18 axial detection grid points and 18 annular detection grid points on the outer side surface of the elbow, and taking the intersection points of the axial detection grid points and the annular detection grid points as detection points of the three-axis fluxgate probe for 324 detection points; s4: determining an elbow detection process, setting the elbow detection process according to the principle of 'one grid is axially arranged and all is circumferentially detected' during detection, and acquiring the magnetic field data of 18 circumferential detection grids on the same pipe ring outside the elbow along the circumferential direction at a first axial detection grid point; sequentially detecting the magnetic field data of the rest grid points according to the same method; the three-axis fluxgate probe acquires three-dimensional magnetic field data of 5s after the servo motor stops running, and influence caused by vibration of the probe is avoided so as to ensure the magnetic field detection effect;
s5: an elbow detection program is compiled, and a corresponding elbow detection program is compiled in a servo motor controller according to an elbow detection process, so that the detection path of the three-axis fluxgate probe is consistent with the preset path;
s6: the elbow is magnetized, direct current with constant current is introduced into the excitation coil, and magnetic lines of force emitted by the coil return to the original position through the elbow, the coil and the bending flux sleeve, so that a complete magnetic loop is formed;
s7: detecting erosion defects of the elbow, driving a triaxial fluxgate probe to detect three-component data of a magnetic field of different grid points along an axial moving guide rail and a circumferential moving guide rail by a servo motor, and storing the data of each point;
s8: the data display, the three-dimensional magnetic field data of 324 detection points are stored in the data acquisition unit, the three-dimensional magnetic field data of each grid detection point is displayed on the display during the detection, the magnetic induction intensity distribution maps in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction of the outer side of the whole elbow are displayed, and the position and the approximate size of the erosion defect of the elbow can be determined according to the amplitude of the magnetic induction intensity;
s9: and (4) next detection, when the countdown of the timer is changed to 0, repeating the process to start next detection of the erosion defect of the elbow, and determining the development process of the erosion defect of the elbow by comparing the magnetic detection results of the elbow for multiple times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram (partial grid) of the grid division of the detection points of the elbow in the patent of the invention.
In the figure: 1. the magnetic flux gate type magnetic resonance imaging device comprises a three-axis fluxgate probe, 2, a probe moving component, 21, an axial moving guide rail, 22, a circular moving guide rail, 23, a servo motor, 3, a magnetizing component, 31, an excitation coil, 32, a bending magnetic sleeve, 4, magnetization and detection control equipment, 41, a timer, 42, a rectifier, 43, a servo motor controller, 44, a data acquisition unit and 45 and a display.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and drawings, and the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed embodiment and a detailed operation procedure are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The invention discloses an elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetism detection device, which comprises a triaxial fluxgate probe 1, a probe moving member 2, a magnetization member 3 and magnetization and detection control equipment 4. Wherein the probe moving member 2 comprises an axial moving guide rail 21, a circumferential moving guide rail 22 and a servo motor 23; the magnetizing member 3 includes an exciting coil 31 and a bent flux sleeve 32; the magnetization and detection control device 4 includes a timer 41, a rectifier 42, a servo motor controller 43, a data acquisition unit 44, and a display 45.
The triaxial fluxgate probe 1 is fixedly installed on a circular moving guide rail 22 of the probe moving member 2, wherein an x axis of the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 is parallel to an axis of the elbow, a y axis of the triaxial fluxgate probe is parallel to a circular direction of the elbow, and a z axis of the triaxial fluxgate probe is perpendicular to an outer surface of the elbow. The triaxial fluxgate probe 1 is carried by the probe moving member 2 to move gradually along the axial direction and the annular direction of the outer surface of the elbow, and the erosion defect of the elbow is generated on the outer side of the triaxial fluxgate probe 1, so that the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 can detect the outer side of the whole elbow. The three-axis fluxgate probe 1 can directly and simultaneously acquire the magnetic induction intensities in the x, y and z directions at the 2mm lift-off height of the outer surface of the elbow.
The probe moving component 2 comprises two completely consistent axial moving guide rails 21, the axial moving guide rails 21 are completely overlapped with the axis of the elbow in a side view, and the axial moving guide rails 21 are respectively arranged on two sides of the elbow to provide support for the accurate and repeatable movement of the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 along the axial direction. The circular moving guide rail 22 is installed on the axial moving guide rail 21, and is used for ensuring the circular movement of the three-axis fluxgate probe 1. The annular moving guide rail 22 is in a semicircular shape as a whole, and the vertical distance between each position of the annular moving guide rail 22 and the outer surface of the elbow is consistent, so that the lifting height of the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 and the lifting height of the elbow are always kept consistent, and the magnetic detection effect of the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 at each point is always consistent. The distance between the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 and the outer surface of the elbow is fixedly kept to be 2 mm. The axial moving guide rail 21 and the circumferential moving guide rail 22 are made of high-strength aluminum alloy materials, and racks are arranged on the two guide rails, so that the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 can be controlled to move with high precision. Since the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 is small in size and mass, the servo motor 23 is also a miniaturized device and is controlled by the servo motor controller 43. The servo motors 23 are arranged between the axial moving guide rail 21 and the circular moving guide rail 22 and between the circular moving guide rail 22 and the three-axis fluxgate probe 1, wherein two servo motors 23 are arranged between the axial moving guide rail 21 and the circular moving guide rail 22 and are respectively arranged at two ends of the two circular moving guide rails 22, and one servo motor 23 is arranged between the circular moving guide rail 22 and the three-axis fluxgate probe 1. Two servo motors 23 between the axial moving guide rail 21 and the circular moving guide rail 22 are arranged on the circular moving guide rail 22, and the servo motors 23 between the circular moving guide rail 22 and the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 are also arranged on the three-axis fluxgate probe 1. The rotating shaft of the servo motor 23 is fixedly provided with a gear which is meshed with the racks of the two guide rails. The servo motor controller 43 controls the servo motor 23 to act, so that the accurate positioning of the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 on the outer side surface of the elbow is realized. Grids are divided on the outer side surface of the elbow, and the angle of each grid corresponding to the elbow curvature radius center circle in the axial direction is 5 degrees, so that the right-angle elbow has 18 axial grid detection points in total. The angle of the section circle of each grid corresponding to the elbow in the ring direction is 10 degrees, so that the total number of 18 ring-shaped detection points for the right-angle elbow is 18. After a certain period of operation, errors may occur between the rack and the pinion, so that the probe moving member 2 is zeroed before the magnetic detection of the bend is carried out again each time. In the position zeroing process, the servo motor controller 43 controls the servo motor 23 to move the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 to the upper left corner limit position of the elbow, and when the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 can not move any more, the position is used as the starting point again to sequentially detect the rest 324 magnetic field sampling points. The detection route of the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 is as follows: collecting three components of the magnetic field of all 18 points on the same pipe ring outside the elbow along the annular direction, moving the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 by one grid along the axial direction, detecting the three components of the magnetic field of all 18 points on the pipe ring corresponding to the axial position, and detecting the three components of the magnetic field of all grid points on the elbow according to the method. Because the servo motor 23 is easy to vibrate when starting and stopping, after the servo motor 23 drives the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 to move to the corresponding grid point position, the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 waits for 5s to eliminate the vibration caused by the movement of the three-axis fluxgate probe 1, and then the three components of the magnetic field at the corresponding position are detected, so as to ensure the effect of magnetic field detection.
The magnetizing member 3 magnetizes the elbow by the exciting coil 31 to improve the intensity of the leakage magnetic field of the erosion defect and the detection effect of the leakage magnetic field. The copper wires made of the same material and with the same diameter are wound for the same number of turns at the positions, close to the welding seams, of the two ends of the elbow to form two identical magnet exciting coils 31. Constant direct current is introduced into the exciting coils 31, and the directions of currents introduced into the two exciting coils 31 are consistent, so that two constant exciting magnetic field sources which are perpendicular to each other are formed on the elbow, and all positions of the elbow are magnetized. The bending magnetic conductive sleeve 32 is similar to the elbow to be detected, the diameter of the bending magnetic conductive sleeve is at least 0.1m larger than that of the elbow, the material of the bending magnetic conductive sleeve is consistent with that of the elbow to be detected, and the bending magnetic conductive sleeve 32 also has 0.1m of extension in the straight pipe sections at two ends of the elbow. The two ends of the bending flux sleeve 32 are provided with blind plates with holes, and the diameter of the hole on the blind plate is consistent with the outer diameter of the elbow, so that the elbow is just wrapped in the bending flux sleeve 32. The flux sleeve 32 is a two identical half-bends cut along the outermost arcs so that it can be quickly installed and removed for use and maintenance. The triaxial fluxgate probe 1 and the probe moving member 2 are wrapped in the bending flux guide sleeve 32, and the bending flux guide sleeve 32 plays a role in magnetic conduction and also plays a role in protecting an internal detection instrument. When the three-axis fluxgate probe is used, the connecting joint between the two half elbows of the bent magnetic conductive sleeve 32 and the connecting joint between the bent magnetic conductive sleeve 32 and the elbows are sealed by glass cement, so that the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 and the probe moving member 2 are not influenced by external rainwater. Through the elbow to be detected, the two excitation coils 31 and the bending magnetic sleeve 32, a complete excitation magnetization loop is formed on the elbow.
The magnetization and detection control device 4 is arranged beside the elbow, the time interval of the magnetization and the magnetic detection of the elbow twice is determined by the timer 41, the field technician can comprehensively consider the time interval of the magnetic detection according to the flow velocity of fluid in the elbow, the sand content, the elbow turning radius and the elbow diameter, and set corresponding time in the timer 41. Meanwhile, the timer 41 also supports temporary direct detection, namely the remaining time interval is adjusted to be 0 during temporary detection, and the whole device carries out detection immediately according to the step of magnetic detection. The magnetization and detection control device 4 is connected to a 220V ac power supply, converts ac power into dc power by using the rectifier 42, and then supplies the dc power to the two excitation coils 31 after adjusting the current. The exciting coil 31 is energized with constant direct current for 0.5h before detection to eliminate the magnetization history of the elbow and to make the pipe magnetized uniformly.
The servo motor controller 43 is used for connecting the three servo motors 23, supplying power to the servo motors 23 and controlling the action process of the servo motors 23. A technician programs an action program in the servo motor controller 43 according to the detection path of the triaxial fluxgate probe 1, and ensures that the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 travels along the predetermined detection path. The data acquisition unit 44 supplies power to the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 and converts voltages of coils in three directions of the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 into corresponding magnetic induction values. The display 45 is used for displaying three components of the magnetic field at each position on the elbow grid and drawing a distribution cloud chart of three-component magnetic induction intensity values outside the elbow.
The invention provides an elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetic detection method based on an elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetic detection device. The magnetization component 3 is used for magnetizing the elbow integrally, the probe moving component 2 is adopted to drive the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 to detect three-dimensional magnetic signals along different grid points of the elbow, so that the position and the approximate size of a defect are determined, and unmanned regular magnetic detection of the erosion defect of the elbow is realized through the triaxial fluxgate probe 1.
S1: the elbow information is investigated, before elbow magnetic detection is carried out, the information of the detected elbow, including elbow material, elbow diameter, turning radius, elbow wall thickness, medium components, sand content, fluid speed, design pressure, fluid trend and elbow trend, is firstly investigated, and the information of the elbow is recorded and periodically detected and updated;
s2: the method comprises the steps of calibrating and zeroing the equipment, regularly calibrating the detected equipment, including calibrating the triaxial orthogonality of the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 and the accuracy of a detection result, electrifying the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 for 0.5h, verifying whether the detection result drifts within a period of time, controlling a servo motor 23 to move the triaxial fluxgate probe 1 to the upper left corner limit position of an elbow through a servo motor controller 43 before each detection, and zeroing the initial position of the triaxial fluxgate probe 1;
s3: dividing elbow outer side surface detection grid points, wherein the angle of each grid corresponding to an elbow curvature radius center circle in the axial direction of the elbow outer side surface is 5 degrees, 18 axial detection grid points are planned in the right-angle elbow, the angle of each grid corresponding to an elbow section circle in the ring direction of the elbow outer side surface is 10 degrees, 18 annular detection grid points are arranged on the outer side surface in total, the cross point of the axial and annular detection grid points is used as a detection point of the three-axis fluxgate probe 1, and 324 detection points are arranged in total;
s4: determining an elbow detection process, setting the elbow detection process according to the principle of 'one grid is axially arranged and all is circumferentially detected' during detection, and acquiring the magnetic field data of 18 circumferential detection grids on the same pipe ring outside the elbow along the circumferential direction at a first axial detection grid point; sequentially detecting the magnetic field data of the circumferential detection grids corresponding to the residual axial detection grids according to the same method; the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 acquires three-dimensional magnetic field data of 5s after the servo motor 23 stops running, and the influence caused by the vibration of the probe is avoided to ensure the magnetic field detection effect;
s5: an elbow detection program is compiled, and a corresponding elbow detection program is compiled in the servo motor controller 43 according to the elbow detection process, so that the detection process of the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 is consistent with the preset value;
s6: the elbow is magnetized, the rectifier 43 is started to convert 220V alternating current into direct current with constant current, the direct current is conducted into the two excitation coils 31, two constant static magnetic fields are generated in the excitation coils 31, and magnetic lines of force emitted by the excitation coils 31 return to the original position through the elbow, the excitation coils 31 and the bent magnetic conduction sleeves 32, so that a complete magnetic loop is formed;
s7: detecting erosion defects of the elbow, wherein a servo motor 23 drives the three-axis fluxgate probe 1 to move the guide rail 21 and the annular moving guide rail 22 along the axial direction to detect three-component data of magnetic fields of different grid points, and storing the data of each point;
s8: data display, wherein the data acquisition unit 44 stores the three-dimensional magnetic field data of each grid detection point, 324 detection points are counted, the three-dimensional magnetic field data of each grid detection point is displayed on the display 45 during detection, after the detection is finished, magnetic induction intensity distribution maps in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction of the outer side of the whole elbow are displayed on the display 45, and technicians can determine the position and the approximate size of the erosion defect of the elbow according to the amplitude of the magnetic induction intensity;
s9: and (3) next detection, the timer 41 starts to work after the detection is finished, when the countdown of the timer 41 becomes 0, the process is repeated to start next detection of the erosion defect of the elbow, and technicians can compare the magnetic detection results of the elbow for multiple times to determine the development process of the erosion defect of the elbow.
Claims (5)
1. The invention provides a magnetization and magnetism detection device and a method for elbow erosion defects, which are characterized in that: the device is composed of a triaxial fluxgate probe (1), a probe moving member (2), a magnetizing member (3) and a magnetization and detection control device (4); the probe moving component (2) consists of an axial moving guide rail (21), a circular moving guide rail (22) and a servo motor (23); the magnetizing component (3) consists of an excitation coil (31) and a bent magnetic conducting sleeve (32); the magnetization and detection control equipment (4) consists of a timer (41), a rectifier (42), a servo motor controller (43), a data collector (44) and a display (45); the three-axis fluxgate probe (1) is fixedly arranged on the probe moving member (2), wherein the x axis of the three-axis fluxgate probe (1) is parallel to the axis of the elbow, the y axis is annularly parallel to the elbow, and the z axis is vertical to the outer surface of the elbow; the moving range of the triaxial fluxgate probe (1) covers the outer side of the whole elbow; the axial moving guide rail (21) is fixedly arranged on the elbow, the annular moving guide rail (22) is arranged on the axial moving guide rail (21), and the triaxial fluxgate probe (1) is arranged on the annular moving guide rail (22); the excitation coil (31) in the magnetizing component (3) is wound on the pipeline, and a bending magnetic conductive sleeve (32) is arranged outside the elbow to form a complete magnetic loop; and a magnetization and detection control device (4) is arranged beside the elbow and used for controlling the time interval of two detections, providing a power supply for the excitation coil (31), controlling the servo motor (23), converting the acquired magnetic field analog signal and displaying the detection result of the erosion defect magnetic field.
2. The magnetization and magnetic detection device and method for the erosion defects of the elbow in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the distance between the annular moving guide rail (22) and the outer surface of the elbow is fixedly kept to be 2 mm; the axial moving guide rail (21) and the annular moving guide rail (22) are made of high-strength aluminum alloy, and racks of the two guide rails are meshed with a gear of a servo motor (23), so that the three-axis fluxgate probe (1) moves accurately; two servo motors (23) are arranged between the axial moving guide rail (21) and the circular moving guide rail (22) and move along with the circular moving guide rail (22); a servo motor (23) is arranged between the annular moving guide rail (22) and the triaxial fluxgate probe (1) and moves along with the triaxial fluxgate probe (1); the servo motor controller (43) controls the servo motor (23) to accurately implement actions, so that the accurate displacement of the triaxial fluxgate probe (1) on the outer side surface of the elbow is realized; detecting grids are arranged on the outer side surface of the elbow, the angle of each grid corresponding to the central circle of the curvature radius of the elbow in the axial direction is 5 degrees, and the number of the right-angle elbows is 18 in total; the angle of the section circle of each grid corresponding to the elbow in the ring direction is 10 degrees, and the total number of the elbows is 18 ring direction detection grids; the zero setting process of the probe moving component (2) before detection is carried out is as follows: the servo motor controller (43) controls the servo motor (23) to move the triaxial fluxgate probe (1) to the upper left corner limit position of the elbow, and detects the rest 324 magnetic field sampling points by taking the position as a starting point; the detection route of the three-axis fluxgate probe (1) is as follows: acquiring magnetic field data of 18 annular detection grids on the same pipe ring on the outer side of the elbow along the annular direction on the first axial detection grid; sequentially detecting the magnetic field data of the circumferential detection grids corresponding to the residual axial detection grids according to the same method; the three-axis fluxgate probe (1) acquires three-dimensional magnetic field data of 5s after the servo motor (23) stops running so as to avoid influence caused by vibration of the probe.
3. The elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetic detection device and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetizing component (3) magnetizes the elbow through the exciting coil (31) so as to improve the magnetic detection effect of the erosion defect; copper wires made of the same material and having the same diameter are wound for the same number of turns at the two ends of the elbow respectively, and two identical magnet exciting coils (31) are manufactured; constant direct current is introduced into the excitation coil (31), and two constant excitation magnetic field sources are formed on the elbow; the bending magnetic sleeve (32) is similar to the shape of the elbow to be detected, the diameter of the bending magnetic sleeve is slightly larger than that of the elbow, and the bending magnetic sleeve is made of the same material; the bending magnetic conduction sleeve (32) can be symmetrically opened along the outer side line so as to be convenient for installation and disassembly, blind plates with holes are arranged at two ends of the bending magnetic conduction sleeve (32), and the diameter of each hole is consistent with the outer diameter of the elbow; the bend magnetic sleeve (32) wraps the elbow and a part of straight pipe sections at two ends of the bend magnetic sleeve, and the triaxial fluxgate probe (1), the probe moving member (2) and the excitation coil (31) are wrapped inside the bend magnetic sleeve; the complete excitation magnetization loop on the elbow is formed by the elbow to be detected, the two excitation coils (31) and the bending magnetic conduction sleeve (32).
4. The elbow erosion defect magnetization and magnetic detection device and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the time interval between the two times of elbow magnetization and magnetic detection is determined through a timer (41) and temporary detection is supported; the magnetization and detection control equipment (4) is connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, converts alternating current into direct current by adopting a rectifier (42), and is introduced into two excitation coils (31); before detection, constant direct current is conducted to the excitation coil (31) for 0.5h to eliminate the magnetization history of the elbow; the servo motor controller (43) is used for connecting the three servo motors (23), supplying power to the servo motors (23) and controlling the action process of the servo motors; a technician can ensure that the triaxial fluxgate probe (1) advances along a preset detection path by programming a detection action program in the servo motor controller (43); the data acquisition unit (44) converts the analog signals on the three-axis fluxgate probe (1) into digital signals; the display (45) displays three components of the magnetic field at each position on the elbow grid and displays a drawn distribution cloud chart of three-component magnetic induction intensity values outside the elbow.
5. The invention also provides a magnetization and magnetism detection method for the erosion defect of the elbow, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: investigating elbow information, wherein the information of the detected elbow is investigated before detection, and comprises elbow material, elbow diameter, turning radius, elbow wall thickness, medium component, sand content, fluid speed, design pressure, fluid trend and elbow trend;
s2: the method comprises the steps of calibrating and zeroing the equipment, periodically calibrating the detected equipment, including calibrating the triaxial orthogonality of the triaxial fluxgate probe and the accuracy of a detection result, verifying whether the triaxial fluxgate probe drifts within the detection time, zeroing the initial position of the triaxial fluxgate probe before detecting each time, namely controlling a servo motor to move the triaxial fluxgate probe to the upper left corner limit position of an elbow through a servo motor controller;
s3: dividing elbow outer side grids, axially dividing 18 axial detection grid points and 18 annular detection grid points on the elbow outer side, and taking the intersection points of the axial detection grid points and the annular detection grid points as detection points of a three-axis fluxgate probe, wherein 324 detection points are counted;
s4: determining an elbow detection process, setting the elbow detection process according to the principle of 'one grid is axially arranged and all is circumferentially detected' during detection, and acquiring the magnetic field data of 18 circumferential detection grids on the same pipe ring outside the elbow along the circumferential direction at a first axial detection grid point; sequentially detecting the magnetic field data of the rest grid points according to the same method; the three-axis fluxgate probe acquires three-dimensional magnetic field data of 5s after the servo motor stops running, so that influence caused by vibration of the probe is avoided, and the magnetic field detection effect is ensured;
s5: an elbow detection program is compiled, and a corresponding elbow detection program is compiled in a servo motor controller according to an elbow detection process, so that the detection path of the three-axis fluxgate probe is consistent with the preset path;
s6: the elbow is magnetized, direct current with constant current is introduced into the excitation coil, and magnetic lines of force emitted by the coil return to the original position through the elbow, the coil and the bending flux sleeve, so that a complete magnetic loop is formed;
s7: detecting erosion defects of the elbow, driving a three-axis fluxgate probe to detect three-component data of a magnetic field at different grid points by a servo motor along an axial moving guide rail and a circular moving guide rail, and storing the data of each point;
s8: the data display, the three-dimensional magnetic field data of 324 detection points are stored in the data acquisition unit, the three-dimensional magnetic field data of each grid detection point is displayed on the display during the detection, the magnetic induction intensity distribution diagrams of the outer side of the whole elbow in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction are displayed, and the position and the approximate size of the erosion defect of the elbow can be determined according to the amplitude of the magnetic induction intensity;
s9: and (4) in the next detection, when the countdown of the timer is changed to 0, repeating the process to start the next detection of the erosion defects of the elbow, and determining the development process of the erosion defects of the elbow by comparing the magnetic detection results of the elbow for multiple times.
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| CN116124380A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-05-16 | 常熟宏川石化仓储有限公司 | Floating disc sealing performance detection method |
| CN116124380B (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2024-03-29 | 常熟宏川石化仓储有限公司 | Floating disc sealing performance detection method |
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