CN115093142A - Railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material and concrete and application thereof - Google Patents

Railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material and concrete and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115093142A
CN115093142A CN202211017446.6A CN202211017446A CN115093142A CN 115093142 A CN115093142 A CN 115093142A CN 202211017446 A CN202211017446 A CN 202211017446A CN 115093142 A CN115093142 A CN 115093142A
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concrete
tunnel lining
water
self
lining concrete
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王家赫
谢永江
冯仲伟
李化建
谭盐宾
仲新华
渠亚男
王嘉旋
李连吉
孔庆欣
陈颜
苏婉玉
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China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS
Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
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China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS
Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
    • C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material, which comprises a self-curing material and a tie material; the self-maintenance material is a light porous material, and the tie material is a steel-organic fiber composite material. The technical scheme of the invention comprises the functional material for shrinkage cracking and block dropping of the tunnel lining concrete of the high-speed railway controlled by the functional material composition, the key parameter of the mix proportion and the key construction process and the application thereof, and the material can effectively reduce the risks of shrinkage cracking and block dropping of the tunnel lining concrete under the aerodynamic effect of the high-speed train and ensure the safe and stable operation of the high-speed train.

Description

Railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material and concrete and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnels, and particularly relates to a railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material, concrete and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous advancement of infrastructure construction, the emphasis of railway construction has gradually shifted to the western region. The west areas are mainly plateaus and mountains, and the mountains are numerous and have complex terrains. Tunnel engineering has become an important part of western railway construction. The railway tunnel generally adopts a composite lining structural form, and secondary lining concrete is an important bearing structure of the railway tunnel and an important guarantee for long-term durability of the tunnel. Therefore, ensuring the safe and durable service of the secondary lining concrete of the railway tunnel is an important guarantee for realizing the hundred-year durability of railway tunnel engineering and the normal operation of high-speed rails.
However, the practices of tunnel construction and in-building tunnel engineering show that the secondary lining concrete in the tunnel has the problems of cracking, block falling and the like caused by shrinkage deformation partially, and becomes a key problem influencing the durability of railway tunnel engineering and threatening the train running safety. More importantly, the railway tunnel secondary lining concrete is subjected to the action of train aerodynamic effect besides the conventional shrinkage stress and the like. Under the high-speed railway running environment, the aerodynamic effect (namely transient high-speed airflow) generated by the train aggravates the water loss on the surface layer and the inside of the tunnel lining concrete, so that the development of shrinkage strain is accelerated, and the concrete is finally caused to shrink and crack. The degradation phenomena such as cracking, block falling and the like of the railway tunnel lining concrete in actual engineering are more obvious. Therefore, aiming at the service characteristics of the secondary lining concrete of the high-speed railway tunnel, a corresponding shrinkage cracking and block dropping prevention and control method is provided, and the method has very important significance for improving the durability of the lining concrete of the railway engineering tunnel and ensuring the safe and stable operation of a high-speed train.
The aerodynamic effect of the train has a wide meaning, but the obvious influence on the durability of the tunnel lining concrete mainly refers to the action of transient high-speed airflow generated by the running of the train. The reason for this is that the tunnel is a semi-closed space, and when a high-speed train passes through the tunnel at a speed of 250km/h or more, transient airflows are generated on the surface of the tunnel lining concrete (as shown in fig. 1) due to the viscosity of air and the friction of the airflows against the wall surface of the tunnel and the surface of the train. Research results show that when a train passes through a tunnel at a speed of 250km/h, the transient air flow speed of the inner wall can reach 30m/s, and the influence is gradually increased along with the increase of the running speed of the train. The acceleration effect of the transient high-speed airflow on the degradation of the tunnel lining concrete is mainly reflected in the influence on the moisture transmission rate and the humidity field in the concrete. The change of the humidity field in the concrete directly influences the development of shrinkage strain, and further causes shrinkage cracking.
In order to reduce the risk of shrinkage cracking and block dropping of tunnel lining concrete, some methods are proposed in the prior art, such as: the Chinese invention patent CN201911408297.4 discloses a microbial self-repairing method for a tunnel lining concrete crack, which repairs the cracked tunnel lining concrete by using a microbial repairing agent; test research results show that the method has a good self-repairing effect on concrete cracks, and particularly has a repairing effect of more than 50% on concrete with the crack width of less than 0.5mm after 90d age; CN201420149896.5 discloses a tunnel lining anti-cracking steel bar mesh which is composed of circumferential thread steel bars and common steel bars and fixed on longitudinal steel bars of a tunnel lining, and can remarkably reduce the risk of cracking and chipping of tunnel lining concrete; CN202120076526.3 discloses a novel lining structure for preventing a high-speed rail tunnel from dropping blocks, which reduces the cracking and block dropping risks of tunnel lining concrete by introducing two-limb steel frames, single-layer reinforcing mesh sheets and the like; CN202021580256.1 discloses a lining concrete anti-drop reinforced structure of tunnel vault, this structure reduces the risk that tunnel lining concrete drops to train operation through setting up fastening bolt and protection network on tunnel lining surface. From the above analysis, most of the prior patents reduce the risk of concrete cracking from the perspective of arranging a protective device or reinforcing bars on the surface of tunnel lining concrete, and further propose a repairing method after cracking. However, the protection device arranged on the surface of the lining concrete needs to increase the construction difficulty, and the protection device is easy to fall off under the pneumatic effect of the train. The simple reinforcing steel bar in the lining concrete can reduce the risk of cracking and falling blocks to a certain extent, but the configured reinforcing steel bar obviously increases the construction cost of the tunnel structure, so that a large amount of steel is wasted, and the problem of concrete cracking cannot be fundamentally solved by the configured reinforcing steel bar. More importantly, the tunnel lining concrete has a more special service environment, namely the aerodynamic effect of the train, compared with the traditional structural concrete.
Therefore, the technical personnel in the field need to solve the problem that the functional material for the railway tunnel lining concrete can solve the problems of shrinkage cracking and chipping.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a functional material for shrinkage cracking and block dropping of tunnel lining concrete of a high-speed railway, which covers design of key functional materials, key parameters of mix proportion and control of a construction key process, and an application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material comprises a self-curing material and a tie material;
the self-maintenance material is a light porous material, and the tie material is a steel-organic fiber composite material.
Preferably, the particle size of the self-maintenance material is 5-10mm, and the water absorption of the self-maintenance material is more than or equal to 20%.
The lightweight porous material is selected from porous ceramsite or other commonly used porous materials, and the pre-absorbed water in the lightweight aggregate can be discharged in the subsequent concrete drying process to supplement the capillary water of the concrete, so that the capillary shrinkage stress is reduced, and the risk of shrinkage cracking is reduced; particularly, under the pneumatic effect of a train, the water loss of the tunnel lining concrete is accelerated, and the self-curing technology of the pre-absorbent lightweight aggregate is particularly important.
The size of the self-curing porous material influences the self-curing effect and the mechanical property of concrete, and the insufficient water storage capacity and the poor curing effect are caused by the excessively small size of the material; too large a material size results in too many internal concrete pore defects, which in turn affects strength.
A large number of experiments show that the self-curing effect can meet the self-curing requirement of the high-speed railway tunnel lining concrete when the water absorption of the self-curing material is not less than 20%.
Preferably, the self-curing material is subjected to pre-water absorption treatment.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the steel fiber to the organic fiber in the steel-organic fiber composite material is 1.5-2.0.
Preferably, the end of the steel fiber is provided with a hook, and the length of the hook is 30-40 mm;
the organic fiber is polypropylene fiber, the surface of the organic fiber is subjected to indentation treatment, and the length of the organic fiber is 8-12 mm.
The width of the crack is effectively controlled by adding the fiber into the tunnel lining concrete, and once the concrete cracks, the fiber effectively ties up the concrete block to reduce the risk of block falling; it can be seen that the role played by the fibers in the tunnel lining concrete is divided into two aspects, namely crack width control and pulling and anti-dropping block. Aiming at the characteristic, the invention selects a steel-organic fiber composite system, the steel fiber mainly draws larger cracks and holds concrete falling blocks, and the organic fiber mainly controls the width of small cracks of the concrete.
Based on the principle of mesomechanics, the fiber with end hooks or properly extending the anchoring length of the fiber can effectively increase the drawknot effect of the fiber, but the overlong fiber length can affect the workability of concrete, and the length of the steel fiber selected by the invention is longer than the maximum aggregate particle size (25 mm) in tunnel lining concrete but less than 40 mm.
The organic fiber surface indentation treatment can obviously increase the bond force between the organic fiber surface indentation treatment and the cement-based material, thereby increasing the crack control capability; the length is best between 8-12mm, since the effect of the organic fibres is mainly the control of micro-cracks in the cement-based material.
In the steel-organic fiber composite system, the steel fibers mainly function to control the structural crack width and tie up the larger block of concrete, and the organic fibers mainly function to control the smaller crack width. Aiming at the effects, a large number of tests show that the method is most effective in controlling the crack of the tunnel lining concrete under the pneumatic effect of the train when the volume ratio of the steel fiber to the organic fiber is between 1.5 and 2.0.
The railway tunnel lining concrete comprises the functional material.
Preferably, the slump of the concrete is 230-260mm, and the air content is 6.0-8.0%.
Preferably, the mixing amount of the self-curing material is 0.08-0.12 mass ratio of the introduced self-curing water to the cementing material, and the volume mixing amount of the drawknot material is 0.5-0.7%.
In the large-scale construction process of the tunnel lining, the workability (namely slump) of the concrete is a key influencing the compactness of the tunnel lining concrete, and the research of the invention shows that when the workability of the tunnel lining concrete is between 230 and 260mm, the lining concrete can be compacted under the simple vibrating action on the construction site, and the situations of concrete bleeding and the like do not occur;
the air content of the concrete is a key influencing the fluidity of the concrete, the fluidity of the concrete is poor when the air content is too low, and the strength of the concrete is lower when the air content is too high; a large number of tests prove that the fluidity and the strength of the concrete can be considered when the air content of the lining concrete is between 6.0 and 8.0 percent.
The self-curing water quantity introduced by adopting the pre-absorbent lightweight aggregate is a key influencing the self-curing effect, and if the self-curing water quantity is too small, the self-curing effect of the concrete is poor, so that the shrinkage regulation and control requirements cannot be met; if the self-curing water is too much, the mechanical property of the concrete is obviously reduced. The invention provides a self-curing water-cement ratio concept, namely the self-curing effect is best when the ratio of self-curing water introduced by the pre-absorbent lightweight aggregate to the cementing material is between 0.08 and 0.12.
The key material for pulling and bonding is the mixture of steel fiber and organic fiber, and the mixing amount of the key material influences the crack control and the pulling and bonding effect. Too high a fiber content will affect the workability of the concrete, and too low a fiber content will result in poor binding effect. Tests prove that the composite fiber volume mixing amount is 0.5-0.7%, and the requirements of tunnel lining concrete drawknot and workability are met.
According to the application of the concrete in the lining structure of the high-speed rail tunnel, the lining structure further comprises a water-permeable and air-permeable layer positioned on one side of the concrete.
The material is attached to the inner surface of the template before concrete is poured by adopting a water-permeable and air-permeable material, and water and air bubbles on the surface of the lining concrete are discharged through the material after the concrete is poured, so that a concrete hole structure with a certain thickness near the inner surface of the tunnel lining concrete is optimized, the compactness of the inner surface of the lining concrete is improved, and a protective shield shell is formed.
Preferably, the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable layer is more than or equal to 4.0L/m 2 Air permeability of not less than 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Preferably, the water-permeable and air-permeable layer consists of a filter layer, a water-permeable and air-permeable material layer and an adhesive layer;
the filter layer is made of porous material, the material can only pass through redundant water and gas on the surface of the concrete, and cement particles cannot pass through the material; the water permeable and air permeable material layer adopts polypropylene fiber to realize the required water drainage and air permeability through three-dimensional space design; the bonding layer is used for bonding the water-permeable and air-permeable material to the inner side of the steel template.
Free water and air bubbles exist on the surface of the concrete after the concrete is poured, and the existence of the free water and the air bubbles is a fundamental reason for poor compactness near the surface of the concrete. And is also the essential reason that the surface of the tunnel lining concrete is more prone to crack under the aerodynamic effect of a high-speed train. Based on the above, the invention provides that the water-permeable and air-permeable material is arranged on the surface of the tunnel lining concrete, the material is attached to the surface of the steel formwork before the concrete is poured, and air bubbles and excessive water on the surface after the concrete is poured are discharged through the material, so that the surface compactness of the concrete is obviously improved. A shield shell is formed on the surface of the tunnel lining concrete, and the influence of the aerodynamic effect of the train in the environment can be resisted.
Based on the above analysis, the drainage ability of the water-permeable and air-permeable material will directly affect the effect thereof. The water used for single-component mixing of the railway tunnel lining concrete is about 200 kg, the action range of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is about 2cm in depth on the surface of the concrete, and the total amount of free water in the water-permeable and air-permeable material is about 4.0L. Therefore, the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material for the tunnel lining concrete is more than or equal to 4.0L/m 2 。
The air permeability of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is the key influencing the exhaust effect, and the air permeability of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is more than or equal to 4.0m through test determination 3 /m 2 And s, the requirement of surface exhaust of the lining concrete of the high-speed rail tunnel can be met.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a method for preventing shrinkage cracking and block dropping of tunnel lining concrete of a high-speed railway, which starts with a method for regulating and controlling key material functional materials for the tunnel lining concrete, concrete preparation key parameters and a tunnel lining concrete inner surface hole structure and provides a railway tunnel lining concrete shrinkage cracking and block dropping prevention complete technical system. The tunnel lining concrete can be prevented from cracking under the action of the aerodynamic effect of the high-speed train, and more importantly, even if the cracking phenomenon occurs to the tunnel lining concrete under the action of the tunnel surrounding rock load, the crack width can be effectively controlled, and the phenomenon of falling blocks and crashing can be avoided. The technology can be used for the construction process of secondary lining concrete of railway and highway tunnels, can effectively improve the crack resistance of the tunnel lining concrete, reduce the risk of falling blocks of the tunnel lining and ensure the running safety of high-speed railway trains, is widely applied and is worthy of popularization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and the drawings in the description are only the embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a graph of the aerodynamic effect of a high speed train and its effect on tunnel lining concrete in accordance with the present invention; wherein, (a) is that the train enters the tunnel, (b) is that the train leaves the tunnel;
FIG. 2 is a structural view of the lining of the high-speed railway tunnel according to the invention; wherein, 1-concrete layer, 2-permeable and breathable layer, 3-steel template;
FIG. 3 is a front and rear comparative view of the concrete surface pore structure adjustment technique of the present invention; wherein (a) is to adjust the front surface pore structure, and (b) is to adjust the back surface pore structure;
fig. 4 is a test method diagram of shrinkage deformation of tunnel lining concrete according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the functional material for concrete of the present invention is applied to a lining structure of a railway tunnel, wherein the functional material for concrete comprises a concrete layer 1, a water-permeable and air-permeable layer 2 and a steel form 3, the concrete layer 1 comprises the functional material, and the water-permeable and air-permeable layer 2 comprises the water-permeable and air-permeable material;
the water-permeable and air-permeable layer 2 consists of a filter layer, a water-permeable and air-permeable material layer and an adhesive layer;
wherein the filter layer is made of porous material, the diameter of the pores is between 25 and 30 mu m, the material can only pass through redundant water and gas on the surface of the concrete, and cement particles can not pass through the material; the water-permeable and air-permeable material layer adopts polypropylene fiber, can realize the required water-draining and air-permeable capacity through three-dimensional space design, and has the thickness of about 1.5 mm; the bonding layer is used for bonding the water-permeable and air-permeable material to the inner side of the steel template.
Example 1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: selecting porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23% as a self-curing material, and soaking the self-curing material in water for 24 hours before concrete molding to perform pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material steel-organic fiber composite material, performing indentation treatment on the surface of polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and controlling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump is 240mm, the air content is 7%, the self-curing water-gel ratio is 0.1, and the volume mixing amount of the drawknot material is 0.6%;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 Air permeability of 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 2-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material is selected from porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 3mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing ratio comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Examples 2 to 2
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 12mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing ratio comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 Air permeability of 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 3-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material is selected from porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 15 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 Air permeability of 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 4-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 20mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 4 to 2
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: selecting porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23% as a self-curing material, and soaking the self-curing material in water for 24 hours before concrete molding to perform pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts in the drawknot material, wherein the length of the steel fibers is 45mm, performing surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers, the length of the steel fibers is 10mm, and the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers is 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing ratio comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 5-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 5mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 Air permeability of 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Examples 5 and 2
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: selecting porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23% as a self-curing material, and soaking the self-curing material in water for 24 hours before concrete molding to perform pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 15mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing ratio comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 6-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; the steel fiber in the drawknot material is selected to be 35mm long with a hook at the end, the polypropylene fiber is subjected to surface indentation treatment, the length is 10mm, and the volume ratio of the steel fiber to the organic fiber is 1.0;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 6 to 2
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, performing surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and controlling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 2.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water-permeable and air-permeable material has a water-draining capacity of 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 7-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; the steel fiber in the drawknot material is selected to be 35mm long with a hook at the end, the polypropylene fiber is subjected to surface indentation treatment, the length is 10mm, and the volume ratio of the steel fiber to the organic fiber is 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump of 200mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 7-2
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: selecting porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23% as a self-curing material, and soaking the self-curing material in water for 24 hours before concrete molding to perform pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump of 280mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-gel ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 8-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: selecting porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23% as a self-curing material, and soaking the self-curing material in water for 24 hours before concrete molding to perform pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump is 240mm, the air content is 4%, the self-curing water-gel ratio is 0.1, and the volume mixing amount of the drawknot material is 0.6%;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 8-2
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing ratio comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 10 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 9-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: selecting porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23% as a self-curing material, and soaking the self-curing material in water for 24 hours before concrete molding to perform pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing ratio comprise: slump is 240mm, the air content is 7%, the self-curing water-gel ratio is 0.04, and the volume mixing amount of the drawknot material is 0.6%;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 9-2
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: selecting porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23% as a self-curing material, and soaking the self-curing material in water for 24 hours before concrete molding to perform pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-gel ratio of 0.15 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 10-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump is 240mm, the air content is 7%, the self-curing water-gel ratio is 0.1, and the volume mixing amount of the drawknot material is 0.3%;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 10-2
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump is 240mm, the air content is 7%, the self-curing water-gel ratio is 0.1, and the volume mixing amount of the drawknot material is 0.9%;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 11-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; the steel fiber in the drawknot material is selected to be 35mm long with a hook at the end, the polypropylene fiber is subjected to surface indentation treatment, the length is 10mm, and the volume ratio of the steel fiber to the organic fiber is 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump of 240mm, gas content of 7 percent, self-curing water-glue ratio of 0.1 and volume mixing amount of the drawknot material of 0.6 percent;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 2.0L/m 2 Air permeability of 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
Example 12-1
In a railway tunnel lining structure, the parameters of functional materials for tunnel lining concrete are as follows: the self-curing material selects porous ceramsite with the average particle size of 7mm and the water absorption of 23 percent, and is soaked in water for 24 hours before the concrete is formed to carry out pre-water absorption treatment; selecting steel fibers with hooks at the end parts and 35mm in length in the drawknot material, carrying out surface indentation treatment on polypropylene fibers with the length of 10mm, and enabling the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers to be 1.5;
the key parameters of the tunnel lining concrete mixing proportion comprise: slump is 240mm, the air content is 7%, the self-curing water-gel ratio is 0.1, and the volume mixing amount of the drawknot material is 0.6%;
the water drainage capacity of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is 4.0L/m 2 The air permeability is 2.0 m 3 /m 2 s。
The standard formula of the raw materials used in the concrete of all the above embodiments except the functional materials is as follows:
TABLE 1 reference mix ratio of concrete
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In addition, mechanical properties and shrinkage performance of the concrete of the tunnel lining structure of the embodiment are tested, wherein the mechanical properties mainly comprise 28d concrete compressive strength and tensile strength tests; the shrinkage performance is mainly tunnel lining concrete 28d dry shrinkage rate under the train pneumatic effect, and its testing process is shown in fig. 4, sets up two deformation sensors at concrete test block both ends, but the shrinkage deformation of real-time test concrete, lays the polytetrafluoroethylene backing plate on the cushion of concrete test block below to reduce the frictional force in the concrete deformation process, concrete test block top sets up the induced air passageway, one side sets up the frequency conversion fan, can simulate the high velocity air on concrete surface when the train passes through and act on. In the test process, the wind speed of the concrete surface is controlled to be 30m/s by the variable frequency fan, and is the same as the wind speed of the lining concrete surface under the train running condition, and the parameter design of each embodiment and the mechanical property and the shrinkage property of the tunnel lining concrete are shown in table 2.
Table 2 mechanical properties and shrinkage properties of the tunnel lining concrete of each example.
Figure 466741DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
From the parameter design and the statistics of the test results in the table 2, it can be known from the example 1 that when the key technology provided by the invention is used for construction, the compressive strength of the obtained tunnel lining concrete 28d can reach 51.5MPa, the tensile strength can reach 10.5MPa, and the drying shrinkage rate of the 28d under the influence of the aerodynamic effect of the train is only 178 mu epsilon. The characteristics of high compressive strength, high tensile strength and small shrinkage deformation can be realized, and the requirements of shrinkage deformation, cracking prevention and block dropping prevention of tunnel lining concrete are met;
as can be seen from comparison of examples 1 and 2-1/2-2, as the average particle size of the self-curing material is unreasonably decreased (3 mm), the drying shrinkage of the tunnel lining concrete 28d is significantly increased to 385. mu. epsilon.; this indicates that the self-curing material with too small a particle size has a poor curing effect, but when the average particle size of the self-curing material is unreasonably increased (12 mm), the compressive strength and tensile strength of the tunnel lining concrete 28d are significantly reduced (42.8 MPa and 7.9 MPa), which indicates that the self-curing porous material can be regarded as a defect inside the concrete, and when the particle size is too large, the defect is too large, which leads to a reduction in the concrete strength;
it can be seen from comparison of examples 1 and 3-1 that, when the water absorption of the self-curing material is unreasonably reduced (15%), the compressive strength and tensile strength of the tunnel lining concrete are significantly reduced to 40.1MPa and 6.8MPa, respectively, because the present invention controls a constant internal curing water-cement ratio, and the self-curing material incorporated therein tends to increase when the water absorption is reduced, thereby resulting in a reduction in the strength of the concrete;
as can be seen by comparing examples 1 and 4-1/4-2, when the length of the steel fiber is unreasonably shortened (20 mm), the tensile strength of the tunnel lining concrete is remarkably reduced (5.6 MPa), which indicates that the steel fiber is too short to tie the slurry on both sides of the coarse aggregate, and thus the tensile strength is reduced; when the length of the steel fiber is unreasonably increased (45 mm), the compressive strength and the tensile strength of the concrete are simultaneously reduced (43.6 MPa and 6.3 MPa), which shows that the working performance of the concrete is seriously influenced when the length of the fiber is too long, and further the compactness of the concrete is poor and the mechanical property is reduced;
as can be seen by comparing examples 1 and 5-1/5-2, when the length of the organic fiber is unreasonably shortened (5 mm), the tensile strength of the tunnel lining concrete is reduced (8.3 MPa), which indicates that the cement-based material on both sides of the crack can not be pulled and tied by the unreasonably short fiber length, and the tensile strength of the concrete is reduced; when the length of the organic fiber is unreasonably increased (15 mm), the compressive strength and the tensile strength of the concrete are simultaneously reduced, the reason is similar to that of the steel fiber, and the long fiber length directly influences the workability of the concrete so as to reduce the compressive strength and the tensile strength of the concrete;
as can be seen from comparison of examples 1 and 6-1/6-2, when the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers is unreasonably increased or decreased (1.0/2.5), the tensile strength of the tunnel lining concrete is decreased; the reason is that the steel fiber and the organic fiber play different roles in concrete, and the proportion of the steel fiber and the organic fiber directly determines the using effect of the mixed fiber system. Too high or too low a proportion may result in a deviation in the control effect on large and small cracks in the concrete;
as is clear from comparison of examples 1 and 7-1/7-2, when the slump of concrete is unreasonably increased or decreased (200 mm/280 mm), the compressive strength and tensile strength of concrete are decreased and the drying shrinkage is increased. The reason is that when the workability of the concrete is too small, the compactness of the cast concrete is poor, and the performance is affected; when the workability of the concrete is too high, the concrete has the risk of segregation or bleeding, and the pouring effect of the concrete is also poor, so that the performance is influenced;
as can be seen from comparison of examples 1 and 8-1/8-2, when the gas content in the concrete is unreasonably decreased or increased (4%/10%), the compressive strength and tensile strength of the concrete are decreased and the drying shrinkage is increased; the reason is that when the gas content of the concrete is reduced, the ball effect generated by gas in the concrete is weakened, so that the fluidity of the concrete is deteriorated, and the compactness of the cast concrete is further influenced; leading to reduced mechanical properties and increased shrinkage; when the gas content is unreasonably increased, the internal defects of the concrete are excessive, so that the mechanical property of the concrete is reduced and the drying shrinkage is increased;
comparing examples 1 and 9-1/9-2, it is seen that when the self-curing water-cement ratio is unreasonably decreased (0.04), the dry shrinkage of concrete is significantly increased (572. mu. epsilon.), which indicates that unreasonably decreasing the self-curing water will significantly increase the shrinkage distortion of concrete; when the self-curing water-cement ratio is unreasonably increased (0.15), the mechanical property of the concrete is remarkably reduced; the reason is that the increase of the self-curing water-cement ratio leads to the increase of introduced porous media, thereby influencing the mechanical property of concrete;
comparing examples 1 and 10-1/10-2, it is seen that when the volume content of the tie material is unreasonably decreased (0.3%), the tensile strength of the concrete is significantly decreased (3.2 MPa) and the drying shrinkage is significantly increased (368. mu. epsilon.); the reason is that the reduction of the fiber mixing amount directly causes the reduction of the drawknot effect, and further causes the reduction of the ultimate tensile strength; meanwhile, the limiting effect of the fibers on the volume deformation of the cement-based material is influenced, so that the drying shrinkage is increased; when the volume of the bonding material is unreasonably increased (0.9%), the compression strength and tensile strength of the concrete are also reduced, and the drying shrinkage rate is also increased. This may be associated with too much fibre loading resulting in poor workability of the concrete;
as can be seen from comparison of examples 1 and 11-1, when the water permeability of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is unreasonably decreased (2.0L/m) 2 ) The concrete drying shrinkage rate is obviously increased (479 mu epsilon); the reason is that the moisture content of the concrete surface is the key influencing the surface compactness of the concrete, and when surface water cannot be discharged in time, the surface compactness of the concrete is directly reduced, so that the shrinkage deformation result of the concrete under the pneumatic effect of a train is influenced;
as can be seen from comparison of examples 1 and 12-1, when the air permeability of the water-permeable and air-permeable material is unreasonably decreased (2.0 m) 3 /m 2 s), the concrete drying shrinkage rate is obviously increased (437 mu epsilon); the reason is that the air hole content on the concrete surface is the key to influence the water loss property of the concrete under the aerodynamic effect of the train, and when the gas cannot be discharged in time, the compactness of the concrete surface is reduced, and further the later drying shrinkage is increased.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the surface pore structure of concrete according to the present invention and the surface pore structure of the prior art, wherein white is the pores and black is the cement paste or aggregate; according to the experimental test result of tunnel lining concrete surface hole structure, can know: the concrete constructed by adopting the conventional technology has more pores on the surface and more pores with larger sizes; after the concrete surface pore structure regulating method is used, the total number of concrete surface pores is obviously reduced, and large-size pores basically disappear.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material is characterized by comprising a self-curing material and a tie material;
the self-maintenance material is a light porous material, and the tie material is a steel-organic fiber composite material.
2. The material with the function of preventing cracking of the railway tunnel lining concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the self-maintenance material is 5-10mm, and the water absorption rate of the self-maintenance material is more than or equal to 20%.
3. The material with the railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-curing material needs to be subjected to pre-water absorption treatment.
4. The railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the steel fibers to the organic fibers in the steel-organic fiber composite material is 1.5-2.0.
5. The railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material as claimed in claim 4, wherein hooks are arranged at the end parts of the steel fibers, and the length of the hooks is 30-40 mm;
the organic fiber is polypropylene fiber, the surface of the organic fiber is subjected to indentation treatment, and the length of the organic fiber is 8-12 mm.
6. The railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-curing material is added into the concrete in an amount such that the mass ratio of the introduced self-curing water to the cementing material is 0.08-0.12, and the volume addition amount of the tie material in the concrete is 0.5-0.7%.
7. Railway tunnel lining concrete, characterized in that it comprises the functional material according to claims 1-6.
8. The railway tunnel lining concrete of claim 7, wherein the concrete slump is 230-260mm, and the gas content is 6.0-8.0%.
9. The use of concrete according to any one of claims 7 to 8 in a lining structure for a high-speed railway tunnel, wherein the lining structure further comprises a water-permeable and gas-permeable layer on one side of the concrete.
10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the water-permeable and air-permeable layer has a water-drainage capacity of 4.0L/m or more 2 Air permeability of not less than 4.0m 3 /m 2 s。
CN202211017446.6A 2022-08-24 2022-08-24 Railway tunnel lining concrete anti-cracking functional material and concrete and application thereof Pending CN115093142A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4565840A (en) * 1980-01-11 1986-01-21 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Fiber-reinforced concrete and reinforcing material for concrete
JPH0516126A (en) * 1991-07-08 1993-01-26 Toray Ind Inc Inner lining material for concrete mold, concrete mold and concrete placing method
JPH06143236A (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-05-24 Toyobo Co Ltd Water permeable sheet for form and water permeable form
JP2017082566A (en) * 2015-10-27 2017-05-18 石賀　裕 Water permeable material sticking type waterproof sheet and construction method of concrete structure
CN111997391A (en) * 2020-07-15 2020-11-27 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 Concrete shrinkage cracking composite regulation and control system and regulation and control method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4565840A (en) * 1980-01-11 1986-01-21 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Fiber-reinforced concrete and reinforcing material for concrete
JPH0516126A (en) * 1991-07-08 1993-01-26 Toray Ind Inc Inner lining material for concrete mold, concrete mold and concrete placing method
JPH06143236A (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-05-24 Toyobo Co Ltd Water permeable sheet for form and water permeable form
JP2017082566A (en) * 2015-10-27 2017-05-18 石賀　裕 Water permeable material sticking type waterproof sheet and construction method of concrete structure
CN111997391A (en) * 2020-07-15 2020-11-27 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 Concrete shrinkage cracking composite regulation and control system and regulation and control method thereof

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