CN115090091A - Device and method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid - Google Patents

Device and method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115090091A
CN115090091A CN202210740037.2A CN202210740037A CN115090091A CN 115090091 A CN115090091 A CN 115090091A CN 202210740037 A CN202210740037 A CN 202210740037A CN 115090091 A CN115090091 A CN 115090091A
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China
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flue gas
citric acid
flue
waste incineration
ammonia
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CN202210740037.2A
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CN115090091B (en
Inventor
许岩韦
鲁润润
刘永付
胡利华
王进
王沛丽
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Everbright Envirotech China Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Research Institute Nanjing Co Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Everbright Envirotech China Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Research Institute Nanjing Co Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Shenzhen Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/58Ammonia
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/79Injecting reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00Reactants
    • B01D2251/70Organic acids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification. The device comprises a semi-dry deacidification tower, a reaction flue, a bag-type dust remover, a citric acid ejector and an active carbon ejector; a flue gas outlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower is connected with a flue gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction flue through a pipeline; a flue gas outlet at the top of the reaction flue is connected with a bag-type dust collector through a pipeline; the citric acid ejector and the activated carbon ejector are respectively arranged at the upstream of the reaction flue and are respectively used for ejecting citric acid liquid drops and activated carbon particles. The invention can actively remove ammonia gas in flue gas and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides while ensuring the desulfurization and denitrification effects of the prior SNCR and SCR systems, and has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and low cost.

Description

Device and method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification, and particularly relates to a device and a method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid.
Background
In the conventional flue gas purification process of waste incineration, an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) process is usually adopted, ammonia water or urea is sprayed into high-temperature flue gas at 850-900 ℃, and NO is added x Reduction to N 2 (ii) a For ultra-low emission projects, an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) process is also commonly used, and NO is further reduced by using a catalyst x The emission value of (c). However, the efficiency of SNCR and SCR is limited by the mixing degree of ammonia or urea with the flue gas, the residence time, the reaction temperature, etc., and the ammonia or urea is usually used in an excessive amount, so that the flue gas contains unreacted ammonia (the ammonia is usually called slip ammonia) and the concentration thereof depends on the excessive amount of ammonia or urea.
The existing control mode of ammonia escape from flue gas is mostly concentrated on reasonably controlling the injection amount of ammonia water/urea in SNCR and SCR, or ammonia gas is further mixed with NO by utilizing a catalyst x Reacting, and not absorbing or removing escaped ammonia; or a whole set of process is added, and ammonia in the flue gas is specially removed. The methods are all high in cost and are not beneficial to field reconstruction of existing projects.
ZL202121327958.3 discloses a flue gas ammonia removal reactor, which is characterized in that solid ammonia removal agents are uniformly distributed on a partition plate, so that flue gas can uniformly pass through the partition plate to achieve the effect of removing ammonia in the flue gas. However, in the patent, the deamination agent is uniformly distributed on the partition plates, and the smoke gas needs to stay for a certain time near the partition plates, so that a plurality of layers of partition plates need to be arranged, a special reactor is arranged, the flow rate of the smoke gas is reduced, and the pressure loss of a system is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a device and a method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid, which can actively remove ammonia in the flue gas and reduce emission of nitrogen oxides while ensuring the desulfurization and denitrification effects of the prior SNCR and SCR systems, and have the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and low cost.
The technical scheme is as follows: a device for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid comprises a semidry process deacidification tower, a reaction flue, a bag-type dust remover, a citric acid ejector and an active carbon ejector; a flue gas outlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower is connected with a flue gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction flue through a pipeline; a flue gas outlet at the top of the reaction flue is connected with a bag-type dust collector through a pipeline; the citric acid ejector and the activated carbon ejector are respectively arranged at the upstream of the reaction flue and are respectively used for ejecting citric acid liquid drops and activated carbon particles.
Preferably, the included angle between the injection direction of the citric acid injector and the flow direction of the flue gas is 30-45 degrees.
Preferably, the length of the reaction flue is 4-6 m.
Preferably, the flue gas temperature at the flue gas inlet of the reaction flue is 140-160 ℃.
Preferably, a rotary atomizer is arranged in the top of the semi-dry deacidification tower and used for spraying lime slurry.
Preferably, the top of the semi-dry deacidification tower is provided with a flue gas inlet for receiving flue gas of a waste heat boiler.
Preferably, the device still includes draught fan and chimney, the gas outlet of sack cleaner passes through the gas inlet of tube coupling draught fan, the gas outlet of draught fan passes through the gas inlet of tube coupling chimney.
A method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid comprises the following steps: the waste incineration flue gas enters a reaction flue after being treated by a semi-dry deacidification tower, escaped ammonia in the waste incineration flue gas reacts with citric acid liquid drops sprayed by a citric acid sprayer to generate ammonium citrate to be removed, and simultaneously enters a bag-type dust collector after being adsorbed by activated carbon particles sprayed by an activated carbon sprayer to further remove the particles in the flue gas.
Preferably, the citric acid droplets are a saturated aqueous solution of citric acid.
Has the beneficial effects that: the citric acid is adopted to remove escaped ammonia in the flue gas, so that the ammonia in the flue gas can be actively removed while the removal effect of SNCR and SCR systems is ensured, and NO is not influenced x Discharging after reaching the standard;
the sprayed citric acid liquid drops are instantly evaporated to be small particles, and can be directly removed by using the original bag-type dust remover without adding new flue gas purification equipment except a citric acid ejector;
the generated ammonium citrate has good thermal stability, can be decomposed at the temperature of more than 190 ℃, can ensure that the ammonium citrate is not decomposed into ammonia and citric acid again after ammonia is removed, can further absorb heavy metals and dioxin in flue gas, and reduces environmental pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
the numerical designations in the drawings represent the following: 1. a semi-dry deacidification tower; 2. a reaction flue; 3. a bag-type dust collector; 4. a citric acid sprayer; 5. an activated carbon injector; 6. rotating the atomizer; 7. an induced draft fan; 8. and (4) a chimney.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a device for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid comprises a semidry process deacidification tower 1, a reaction flue 2, a bag-type dust collector 3, a citric acid injector 4, an activated carbon injector 5, an induced draft fan 7 and a chimney 8.
The top of the semi-dry deacidification tower 1 is provided with a flue gas inlet for receiving flue gas of a waste heat boiler; the inner side of the top is provided with a rotary atomizer 6 for spraying lime slurry; the flue gas outlet at the bottom of the reaction flue is connected with the flue gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction flue 2 through a pipeline.
The length of the reaction flue 2 is 4-6 m, and sufficient reaction time can be provided. The temperature of the flue gas at the flue gas inlet at the bottom is 160 ℃, and the flue gas outlet at the top is connected with a bag-type dust collector 3 through a pipeline; the citric acid injector 4 and the activated carbon injector 5 are respectively arranged at the upstream of the reaction flue 2 and are respectively used for injecting citric acid liquid drops and activated carbon particles. Wherein the included angle between the injection direction of the citric acid injector 4 and the flow direction of the flue gas is 30-45 degrees.
The gas outlet of the bag-type dust collector 3 is connected with the gas inlet of the induced draft fan 7 through a pipeline, and the gas outlet of the induced draft fan 7 is connected with the gas inlet of the chimney 8 through a pipeline.
The method for removing the escaped ammonia in the waste incineration flue gas by using the device comprises the following steps:
waste incineration flue gas (200-220 ℃) from a waste heat boiler enters a semi-dry deacidification tower 1, the lime slurry sprayed by a rotary atomizer 6 is treated, the lime slurry is evaporated to dryness to become solid small particles, and meanwhile, HF, HCl and SO in the flue gas 2 、CO 2 Fully react to generate CaF 2 、CaCl 2 、CaSO 3 、CaCO 3 And (3) discharging particles, wherein part of the particles are discharged from a conical section at the bottom of the semi-dry deacidification tower 1, and a small amount of particles are carried to a rear section by flue gas. The treated flue gas enters a reaction flue 2, escaping ammonia in the flue gas reacts with citric acid liquid drops sprayed by a citric acid sprayer 4 to generate ammonium citrate to be removed, and simultaneously the ammonium citrate is adsorbed by activated carbon particles sprayed by an activated carbon sprayer 5 and enters a bag-type dust collector 3 to further remove the particles in the flue gas, and finally the flue gas is discharged to the atmosphere through a chimney 8 by a draught fan 7.
The citric acid liquid drops are saturated aqueous solution of citric acid, and small solid particles of the citric acid can also be used to be matched with pneumatic conveying equipment.
The method adopts the citric acid to remove the escaped ammonia in the flue gas for the first time, can actively remove the ammonia in the flue gas while ensuring the removal effect of the SNCR and SCR systems, and does not influence NO x The discharge reaches the standard;the sprayed citric acid liquid drops are instantly evaporated to be small particles, and can be directly removed by using the original bag-type dust remover 3 without adding new flue gas purification equipment except the citric acid ejector 4; the generated ammonium citrate has good thermal stability, can be decomposed at the temperature of more than 190 ℃, can ensure that the ammonium citrate is not decomposed into ammonia and citric acid again after ammonia is removed, can further absorb heavy metals and dioxin in flue gas, and reduces environmental pollution.

Claims (9)

1. A device for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid is characterized by comprising a semidry deacidification tower (1), a reaction flue (2), a bag-type dust collector (3), a citric acid ejector (4) and an active carbon ejector (5); a flue gas outlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower (1) is connected with a flue gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction flue (2) through a pipeline; a flue gas outlet at the top of the reaction flue (2) is connected with a bag-type dust collector (3) through a pipeline; the citric acid ejector (4) and the activated carbon ejector (5) are respectively arranged at the upstream of the reaction flue (2) and are respectively used for ejecting citric acid liquid drops and activated carbon particles.
2. The device for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid according to claim 1, wherein the included angle between the injection direction of the citric acid injector (4) and the flow direction of the flue gas is 30-45 °.
3. The device for removing ammonia escaping from waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the reaction flue (2) is 4-6 m.
4. The device for removing ammonia escaping from waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flue gas temperature at the flue gas inlet of the reaction flue (2) is 140-160 ℃.
5. The device for removing escaped ammonia in flue gas from waste incineration by using citric acid according to claim 1, wherein a rotary atomizer (6) is arranged in the top of the semidry deacidification tower (1) for spraying lime slurry.
6. The device for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid according to claim 1, wherein a flue gas inlet is arranged at the top of the semidry deacidification tower (1) and is used for receiving flue gas of a waste heat boiler.
7. The device for removing ammonia escaping from waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid according to claim 1, further comprising an induced draft fan (7) and a chimney (8), wherein a gas outlet of the bag-type dust collector (3) is connected with a gas inlet of the induced draft fan (7) through a pipeline, and a gas outlet of the induced draft fan (7) is connected with a gas inlet of the chimney (8) through a pipeline.
8. The method for removing the escaped ammonia in the waste incineration flue gas by using the citric acid of the device in claim 1 comprises the following steps: the waste incineration flue gas enters a reaction flue (2) after being treated by a semi-dry deacidification tower (1), escaped ammonia in the flue gas reacts with citric acid liquid drops sprayed by a citric acid sprayer (4) to generate ammonium citrate to be removed, and simultaneously enters a bag-type dust remover (3) after being adsorbed by activated carbon particles sprayed by an activated carbon sprayer (5) to further remove the particles in the flue gas.
9. The method for removing ammonia escaping from waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid as claimed in claim 8, wherein the citric acid droplets are saturated aqueous solution of citric acid.
CN202210740037.2A 2022-06-28 2022-06-28 Device and method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid Active CN115090091B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115779665A (en) * 2023-01-30 2023-03-14 上海境业环保能源科技股份有限公司 Fluidized bed granulator tail gas purification system

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CN110624384A (en) * 2019-10-17 2019-12-31 中国环境保护集团有限公司 Purification treatment method and purification treatment device for waste incineration flue gas
CN212576008U (en) * 2020-05-30 2021-02-23 河南科智宏环保科技有限公司 Purification device for removing SNCR and SCR escaped ammonia
CN113289475A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-08-24 天津中材工程研究中心有限公司 Method for reducing ammonia escape after SNCR or SCR denitration

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130334466A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2013-12-19 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. System and method for reducing halogen levels necessary for mercury control, increasing the service life and/or catalytic activity of an scr catalyst and/or control of multiple emissions
CN110624384A (en) * 2019-10-17 2019-12-31 中国环境保护集团有限公司 Purification treatment method and purification treatment device for waste incineration flue gas
CN212576008U (en) * 2020-05-30 2021-02-23 河南科智宏环保科技有限公司 Purification device for removing SNCR and SCR escaped ammonia
CN113289475A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-08-24 天津中材工程研究中心有限公司 Method for reducing ammonia escape after SNCR or SCR denitration

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115779665A (en) * 2023-01-30 2023-03-14 上海境业环保能源科技股份有限公司 Fluidized bed granulator tail gas purification system

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