CN115074077B - Photovoltaic adhesive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic adhesive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115074077B CN115074077B CN202210824319.0A CN202210824319A CN115074077B CN 115074077 B CN115074077 B CN 115074077B CN 202210824319 A CN202210824319 A CN 202210824319A CN 115074077 B CN115074077 B CN 115074077B
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- photovoltaic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J183/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic adhesive and a preparation method thereof; the preparation method comprises the following steps: a) Carrying out sectional heating reaction on melamine and anhydrous aluminum chloride in inert atmosphere to obtain Al-C 3 N 4 A thermally conductive material; b) The Al-C obtained in step a) is reacted with 3 N 4 And mixing the heat conducting material with the base adhesive to obtain the photovoltaic adhesive. Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic adhesive obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention has good thermal conductivity and good heat dissipation effect after being used for a photovoltaic module, so that the working performance of a battery can be improved. Experimental results show that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the photovoltaic adhesive obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention is 1.0W/m.k-1.5W/m.k.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic glue, in particular to a photovoltaic glue and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In practical application, the power generation performance of the photovoltaic power generation system is greatly influenced by natural environment conditions, wherein the working temperatures of the main components of the system, namely the solar cell component and the storage battery, are one of important factors influencing the performance of the photovoltaic power generation system.
Photovoltaic modules generally have 3 temperature coefficients: open circuit voltage, peak power, short circuit current. As the temperature increases, the output power of the photovoltaic module decreases. The peak temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module is approximately between-0.38 and 0.44 percent/DEG C, namely, the temperature is increased, the generated energy of the photovoltaic module is reduced, and theoretically, the generated energy of a photovoltaic power station is reduced by about 0.44 percent when the temperature is increased for one degree. The heat dissipation problem should be sufficiently considered for the installation of the solar cell module. However, when the combination parts of the battery piece component and the frame and the like are bonded, the heat conducting performance effect of the used polymer photovoltaic adhesive is not ideal, and common metal materials with good heat conductivity cannot be doped into the insulating photovoltaic adhesive.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide the photovoltaic adhesive and the preparation method thereof, and the photovoltaic adhesive provided by the invention has good thermal conductivity and good heat dissipation effect after being used for a photovoltaic module, so that the working performance of a battery can be improved.
The invention provides a preparation method of photovoltaic glue, which comprises the following steps:
a) Carrying out sectional heating reaction on melamine and anhydrous aluminum chloride in inert atmosphere to obtain Al-C 3 N 4 A thermally conductive material;
b) The Al-C obtained in step a) is reacted with 3 N 4 And mixing the heat conducting material with the base adhesive to obtain the photovoltaic adhesive.
Preferably, the mass ratio of melamine to anhydrous aluminum chloride in step a) is (1.5-2.5): 1.
preferably, the inert atmosphere in step a) is N 2 。
Preferably, the step a) specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, reacting for 2 to 4 hours at 500 to 600 ℃, and then heating to 650 to 700 ℃ for reacting for 1 to 2 hours.
Preferably, the base gum in step b) is selected from one or more of an organosiloxane, an epoxy resin and a polyurethane.
Preferably, the Al-C in step b) 3 N 4 The mass ratio of the heat conduction material to the base adhesive is (3-6): 100.
preferably, the step b) further includes:
the Al-C obtained in step a) is reacted with 3 N 4 And (3) drying the heat conducting material, ball milling, and mixing with the base adhesive.
Preferably, the ball milling time is 1-3 hours.
The invention also provides the photovoltaic adhesive, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the technical scheme.
Preferably, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the photovoltaic glue is 1.0W/m.k-1.5W/m.k.
The invention provides a photovoltaic adhesive and a preparation method thereof; the preparation method comprises the following steps: a) Carrying out sectional heating reaction on melamine and anhydrous aluminum chloride in inert atmosphere to obtain Al-C 3 N 4 A thermally conductive material; b) The Al-C obtained in step a) is reacted with 3 N 4 And mixing the heat conducting material with the base adhesive to obtain the photovoltaic adhesive. Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic adhesive obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention has good thermal conductivity and good heat dissipation effect after being used for a photovoltaic module, so that the working performance of a battery can be improved. Experimental results show that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the photovoltaic adhesive obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention is 1.0W/m.k-1.5W/m.k.
Meanwhile, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process and easiness in operation, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of the sample obtained in the step (1) of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a sample IR test chart obtained in the step (1) in example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of photovoltaic glue, which comprises the following steps:
a) Carrying out sectional heating reaction on melamine and anhydrous aluminum chloride in inert atmosphere to obtain Al-C 3 N 4 A thermally conductive material;
b) The Al-C obtained in step a) is reacted with 3 N 4 And mixing the heat conducting material with the base adhesive to obtain the photovoltaic adhesive.
The invention firstly carries out sectional heating reaction on melamine and anhydrous aluminum chloride under inert atmosphere to obtain Al-C 3 N 4 A thermally conductive material.
The sources of the melamine and the anhydrous aluminum chloride are not particularly limited, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art can be used.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the melamine to the anhydrous aluminum chloride is preferably (1.5-2.5): 1, more preferably 2:1.
in the present invention, the inert atmosphere is preferably N 2 . The invention is applied to the N 2 The source of (c) is not particularly limited and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used.
The device for the staged temperature rising reaction is not particularly limited, and a muffle furnace well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.
In the invention, the process of the sectional temperature-rising reaction is preferably specifically as follows:
firstly, reacting for 2 to 4 hours at 500 to 600 ℃, and then heating to 650 to 700 ℃ for reacting for 1 to 2 hours;
more preferably:
the reaction is carried out for 3 hours at 540 ℃, and then the temperature is raised to 680 ℃ for 1.5 hours.
In the present invention, melamine is heated to self-polymerize with Al 3+ Reaction, al 3+ Fully enter nitrogen holes to form an Al-N coordination structure, and synthesize Al-C with the characteristics of graphene and AlN 3 N 4 A thermally conductive material; the obtained sample with a spherical lamellar structure is uniform and compact, and meanwhile, the sample is properly carbonized in the reaction process to remove non-bonded nitrogen elements; the aluminum element is bonded with nitrogen element in +3 valence state and enters g-C 3 N 4 Stable Al-C formation in nitrogen holes of (C) 3 N 4 Compounds, g-C 3 N 4 Is due to the interlayer spacing of Al 3+ The repulsive force after entering is pulled up, and Al 3+ The entry into the nitrogen pores is random and disordered; see formula below:
the realization principle that the reaction process is carried out in a muffle furnace and stable products are obtained also comprises the following steps: the raw materials are vaporized at high temperature, gas molecules participate in the reaction, and the physical appearance of the materials is changed without changing chemical properties and molecular structures; the high temperature provides energy for breaking chemical bonds, so that atoms can enter and bond when cooling, namely the cooling stage can solidify into layered materials again; the nitrogen is introduced to protect the material from being easily oxidized into carbon dioxide at high temperature, and a small amount of carbonization is carried out at the temperature, but most of target products can be stored in a sectional heating mode.
Obtaining the Al-C 3 N 4 After the heat conducting material, the invention obtains the Al-C 3 N 4 And mixing the heat conducting material with the base adhesive to obtain the photovoltaic adhesive.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above steps preferably further include:
the Al-C obtained was then used 3 N 4 And (3) drying the heat conducting material, ball milling, and mixing with the base adhesive.
The drying mode is not particularly limited in the present invention, and oven drying well known to those skilled in the art may be employed.
In the present invention, the time of the ball milling is preferably 1 to 3 hours, more preferably 2 hours; the sample which is convenient for subsequent mixing and dispersing can be obtained by adopting a ball milling mode which is well known to a person skilled in the art.
In the present invention, the base gum is preferably selected from one or more of an organosiloxane, an epoxy resin, and a polyurethane, more preferably an organosiloxane or a polyurethane. The source of the base adhesive is not particularly limited, and the base adhesive (sealant) for the commercial photovoltaic module, which is well known to the person skilled in the art, can be adopted; the basic structural unit of the organic silica gel product is composed of silicon-oxygen (Si-O) chain links, and the side chains are connected with other various organic groups through silicon atoms, mainly silicon rubber and silicone oil, and according to the organic groups linked on the silicon atoms, the silicon rubber for photovoltaic use is a plurality of varieties such as dimethyl silicon rubber, methyl vinyl silicon rubber, methyl phenyl silicon rubber, fluoro silicon rubber, nitrile silicon rubber, ethyl silicon rubber and ethyl phenyl silicon rubber.
In the present invention, the Al-C 3 N 4 The mass ratio of the heat conduction material to the base adhesive is preferably (3-6): 100, more preferably (4 to 5): 100.
the process of the present invention is not particularly limited, and mechanical stirring or manual stirring, which are well known to those skilled in the art, may be employed for the purpose of causing Al-C 3 N 4 The heat conducting material and the base adhesive are mixed and dispersed uniformly.
The invention adds Al-C into the base adhesive 3 N 4 The heat conduction material enables the colloid to obtain excellent heat conduction, the obtained photovoltaic adhesive is good in heat conduction, the heat dissipation effect of the photovoltaic assembly can be better when the photovoltaic assembly is used at the joint of the backboard and the frame of the photovoltaic assembly, and the working performance of the battery is improved.
In the present invention, the above-described photovoltaic module includes, but is not limited to, perovskite solar cells, crystalline silicon solar cells, and the like, to which the present invention is not particularly limited.
The preparation method provided by the invention has simple process and easy operation, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
The invention also provides the photovoltaic adhesive, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the technical scheme. The photovoltaic adhesive obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention has good thermal conductivity and good heat dissipation effect after being used for a photovoltaic module, so that the working performance of a battery can be improved.
In the invention, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the photovoltaic glue is preferably 1.0W/m.k-1.5W/m.k.
The invention provides a photovoltaic adhesive and a preparation method thereof; the preparation method comprises the following steps: a) Carrying out sectional heating reaction on melamine and anhydrous aluminum chloride in inert atmosphere to obtain Al-C 3 N 4 A thermally conductive material; b) The Al-C obtained in step a) is reacted with 3 N 4 And mixing the heat conducting material with the base adhesive to obtain the photovoltaic adhesive. Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic adhesive prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has good thermal conductivity and good heat dissipation effect after being used for a photovoltaic module, so that the working performance of a battery can be improvedTo lifting. Experimental results show that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the photovoltaic adhesive obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention is 1.0W/m.k-1.5W/m.k.
Meanwhile, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process and easiness in operation, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided. The source of the base gum (organosiloxane, polyurethane) used in the following examples of the present invention was Shi Naishen, with organosiloxane CA2001, polyurethane CC4002.
Example 1
(1) The mass ratio is 2:1 and anhydrous aluminum chloride are introduced into a muffle furnace at 540-680 ℃ under inert atmosphere N 2 And (3) carrying out sectional temperature rise reaction: firstly, reacting for 3 hours at 540 ℃, and then heating to 680 ℃ for reacting for 1.5 hours; melamine and Al in the process of self-polymerization by heating 3+ Reacting Al with 3+ Fully enter a nitrogen hole to form an Al-N coordination structure, and synthesize the Al-C with the characteristics of graphene and AlN 3 N 4 A thermally conductive material; obtaining a uniform and compact sample with a spherical lamellar structure, and simultaneously, properly carbonizing the sample in the reaction process to remove non-bonded nitrogen elements; the aluminum element is bonded with nitrogen element in +3 valence state and enters g-C 3 N 4 Stable Al-C formation in nitrogen holes of (C) 3 N 4 Compounds, g-C 3 N 4 Is due to the interlayer spacing of Al 3+ The repulsive force after entering is pulled up, and Al 3+ The entry into the nitrogen pores is random and disordered; see formula below:
the structural characterization is shown in figures 1-2; wherein, fig. 1 is a sample XRD test chart, and fig. 2 is a sample IR test chart; the XRD test results of FIG. 1 prove that the basic planar network structure is not changed before and after the reaction, and C is still remained 3 N 4 Therefore, the basic net plane structure after reaction can be calculated; while the IR test results of FIG. 2 show a new peak at 695, indicating thatAfter the reaction, an AlN bond is generated, which indicates that the Al atom is successfully bonded with N of the terminal site with the lone pair electron of the triaminopyrimidine.
(2) And (3) drying the sample finally obtained in the step (1), ball-milling for 2 hours, and stirring and mixing with unconjugated photovoltaic sealant (organic siloxane) according to the mass ratio of 5% to obtain the photovoltaic sealant.
Example 2
The photovoltaic gel is obtained by adopting the preparation method provided in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: in the step (2), the mixture is stirred and mixed with unconjugated photovoltaic sealant (organic siloxane) in a mass ratio of 4%.
Example 3
The photovoltaic gel is obtained by adopting the preparation method provided in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: and (3) adopting polyurethane to replace organic siloxane as uncoupled photovoltaic sealant in the step (2).
Comparative example 1
Uncoupled photovoltaic sealant organosiloxane is used as the photovoltaic adhesive.
Comparative example 2
Unconjugated photovoltaic sealant polyurethane is used as the photovoltaic glue.
Performance test:
(1) The thermal conductivity is tested by a Hot Plate method (Hot Plate) after the humidity of 55% is solidified at room temperature;
(2) The photovoltaic glues provided in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were respectively coated on the junction of the back plate and the frame of the photovoltaic module (perovskite solar cell), and performance test was performed; test conditions: at the ambient temperature of 25+/-2 ℃, the perovskite single glass component works for different time under the illumination of 1000 Lux.
The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of performance testing of photovoltaic gums provided in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2
| Coefficient of thermal conductivity (W/m.k) | Test point power (W; working time: 0h/4.5h/5 h) | |
| Example 1 | 1.5 | 51.67/42.58/40.50 |
| Example 2 | 1.38 | 51.47/41.69/39.88 |
| Example 3 | 0.62 | 51.43/42.64/41.85 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.8 | 51.35/41.15/38.92 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.4 | 51.31/41.15/38.89 |
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the photovoltaic glue is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a) Carrying out sectional heating reaction on melamine and anhydrous aluminum chloride in inert atmosphere to obtain Al-C 3 N 4 A thermally conductive material; the process of the sectional temperature rising reaction specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, reacting for 2-4 hours at 500-600 ℃, and then heating to 650-700 ℃ for reacting for 1-2 hours;
b) The Al-C obtained in step a) is reacted with 3 N 4 Mixing the heat conducting material with the base adhesive to obtain the photovoltaic adhesive; the base adhesive is organic siloxane; the Al-C 3 N 4 The mass ratio of the heat conduction material to the base adhesive is (3-6): 100.
2. the preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of melamine to anhydrous aluminum chloride in step a) is (1.5-2.5): 1.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the inert atmosphere in step a) is N 2 。
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein step b) further comprises:
the Al-C obtained in step a) is reacted with 3 N 4 And (3) drying the heat conducting material, ball milling, and mixing with the base adhesive.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the ball milling time is 1-3 hours.
6. A photovoltaic gel, characterized in that the photovoltaic gel is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-3.
7. The photovoltaic glue of claim 6, wherein the thermal conductivity of the photovoltaic glue is 1.0W/m.k to 1.5W/m.k.
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| CN202210824319.0A CN115074077B (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2022-07-14 | Photovoltaic adhesive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202210824319.0A CN115074077B (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2022-07-14 | Photovoltaic adhesive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115074077B true CN115074077B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112409791A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-02-26 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Heat-conducting composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112409840A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-02-26 | 南昌航空大学 | Silicon carbide/carbon nitride composite reinforced heat-conducting waterproof film and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2014098251A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | 独立行政法人理化学研究所 | g-C3N4 FILM PRODUCTION METHOD, AND USE OF SAID FILM |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112409840A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-02-26 | 南昌航空大学 | Silicon carbide/carbon nitride composite reinforced heat-conducting waterproof film and preparation method thereof |
| CN112409791A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-02-26 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Heat-conducting composite material and preparation method thereof |
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