CN115073856A - 一种三元乙丙橡胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种三元乙丙橡胶及其制备方法,它的原料包含按照重量份比计的三元乙丙橡胶基体体系、补强体系、加工助剂体系、硫化体系、活化体系、防护体系、改性芳纶纤维。该三元乙丙橡胶的制备方法步骤依序包括:先将EPDM生胶和EPDM‑8550C生胶在开炼机上塑炼,然后依次加入加工助剂体系、活化体系、防护体系、补强体系进行混炼,再加入硫化体系、改性芳纶纤维翻炼;保持压延方向一致,辊距下将混炼胶薄通,然后在辊距下对折贴合,再在辊距下对折下片;在平板硫化机上模压,再冷压硫化制成样件。本发明能够兼顾三元乙丙橡胶的高扯断伸长率和高拉伸强度,同时具有较高的硬度;所制得的三元乙丙橡胶中,改性芳纶纤维能够均匀分散在橡胶基体中。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于三元乙丙橡胶制备技术领域,具体涉及一种三元乙丙橡胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
三元乙丙橡胶是乙烯、丙烯以及非共轭二烯烃的三元共聚物,其主链由化学性质稳定的饱和烃组成,仅在侧链中含不饱和双键。三元乙丙橡胶独特的化学结构赋予其优越的耐氧化、抗臭氧和抗侵蚀能力。在所有橡胶中,三元乙丙橡胶具有最低的比重,它能吸收大量的填料和油而对特性影响不大,可以制作成本低廉的橡胶化合物。
三元乙丙橡胶在汽车工业上应用广泛,可以用来制作拉带、汽车门窗密封条、液压制动软管、密封圈、冷却***输送软管和密封圈、暖气和通风管的内外胶层等。目前,已有大量汽车用三元乙丙橡胶材料,其具有耐热、耐磨、耐拉伸等性能,但是也存在一些缺陷,比如,拉伸强度高时扯断伸长率低,扯断伸长率高时拉伸强度低,两者往往无法同时兼顾。
现有技术中,文献CN114196121A公开了一种三元乙丙橡胶绝热层材料,包括三元乙丙橡胶70~80份,EPDM-g 20~30份,硅树脂中间体5~10份,甲基丙烯酸盐2~5份,线性烷基酚醛树脂2~5份,硼酸酯类5~10份,含硼耐烧蚀填料10~15份,含硼轻质纳米填料2~5份,碳化硅纳米填料2~6份,气相二氧化硅10~12份,芳纶纤维1~3份,过氧化二异丙苯3~5份。然而,芳纶纤维在该橡胶绝热层材料中的相容性较差。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种三元乙丙橡胶及其制备方法,至少能够在兼顾三元乙丙橡胶高扯断伸长率和高拉伸强度的同时确保芳纶纤维均匀分散在橡胶材料中。
为实现前述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案。
一种三元乙丙橡胶,其特征在于:它的原料包含按照重量份比计的三元乙丙橡胶基体体系60~100份、补强体系30~70份、加工助剂体系2~10份、硫化体系2~9份、活化体系2~8份、防护体系0.5~5份、改性芳纶纤维0.4~0.6份。
作为优选方案,所述三元乙丙橡胶基体体系由按照重量份比计的EPDM-4045 40~60份、EPDM-8550C 20~40份组成;所述补强体系由按照重量份比计的炭黑N330 20~40份、炭黑N774 10~30份;所述硫化体系由按照重量份比计的硫磺0.5~2份、DCP 0.5~3份、促进剂DM 0.5~1份、促进剂CZ 0.5~1份、促进剂TT 0.5~1份;所述加工助剂体系包含石蜡油和环烷油;所述活化体系包含硬脂酸和氧化锌;所述防护体系包含防老剂RD和防老剂4010NA;所述改性芳纶纤维采用多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维。
作为更优选方案,它的原料由EPDM-4045 60份、EPDM-8550C 40份、炭黑N330 40份、炭黑N774 30份、石蜡油P300 5份、DCP 2份、硫磺0.6份、促进剂DM 1份、促进剂CZ 1份、促进剂TT 1份、氧化锌6份、硬脂酸1份、防老剂RD 2份、多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维0.55-0.6份组成。
前述三元乙丙橡胶的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤依序包括:
步骤1,按照前述配比称取各组分原料,备用;
步骤2,先将EPDM生胶和EPDM-8550C生胶在开炼机上塑炼3min,然后依次加入加工助剂体系、活化体系、防护体系、补强体系进行混炼,再加入硫化体系、改性芳纶纤维翻炼3次;
步骤3,保持压延方向一致,在0.5mm辊距下将混炼胶薄通,然后在1mm辊距下对折贴合,再在2mm辊距下对折下片;
步骤4,将经过步骤3处理后的混炼胶在平板硫化机上按照170℃、10MPa的工艺条件模压6min,再冷压10min硫化制成样件。
进一步地,所述改性芳纶纤维采用如下工艺制得:
将芳纶短纤维加入浓度为2.0~5.0g/L的盐酸多巴胺溶液中,用NaOH溶液调节pH值至8.5,于40~80℃氛围下反应10min,按硫酸盐水合物与盐酸多巴胺的物质的量配比为0.5~2添加硫酸镍水合物,于40~80℃反应2-10h,过滤洗涤3次后烘干,得所述改性芳纶纤维。
作为更优选方案,所述改性芳纶纤维采用如下工艺制得:
将芳纶短纤维加入浓度为3g/L的盐酸多巴胺溶液中,用NaOH溶液调节pH值至8.5,于60℃氛围下反应10min,按硫酸盐水合物与盐酸多巴胺的物质的量配比为1.2添加硫酸镍水合物,于60℃反应4h,过滤洗涤3次后烘干,得所述改性芳纶纤维。
有益效果:本发明的三元乙丙橡胶通过各个组分的协同配合,不仅具有优良的加工性能,而且具有优良的力学性能,特别是能够兼顾三元乙丙橡胶的高扯断伸长率和高拉伸强度,同时具有较高的硬度,有利于拓展三元乙丙橡胶在汽车拉带等高定伸制品领域中的应用;所制得的三元乙丙橡胶中,改性芳纶纤维能够均匀分散在橡胶基体中。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种三元乙丙橡胶,它的原料由EPDM-4045 60份、EPDM-8550C 40份、炭黑N330 40份、炭黑N774 30份、石蜡油P300 5份、DCP(过氧化二异丙笨)2份、硫磺0.6份、促进剂DM 1份、促进剂CZ 1份、促进剂TT 1份、氧化锌6份、硬脂酸1份、防老剂RD 2份、多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维0.6份组成,多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维规格(1.5D,3mm)。
其中,多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维的制备方法为:将芳纶短纤维加入浓度为3.0g/L的盐酸多巴胺溶液中,用NaOH溶液调节pH值至8.5,于60℃反应10min,按硫酸盐水合物与盐酸多巴胺的物质的量配比为1.2添加硫酸镍水合物,于60℃反应4h,过滤洗涤3次后烘干,得多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维。
本实施例中三元乙丙橡胶的制备方法,步骤依序包括:
步骤1,按照前述配比称取各组分原料,备用;
步骤2,先将EPDM生胶和EPDM-8550C生胶在开炼机上塑炼3min,然后依次加入加工助剂体系、活化体系、防护体系、补强体系进行混炼,再加入硫化体系、改性芳纶纤维翻炼3次;
步骤3,改性芳纶纤维的取向,保持压延方向一致,在0.5mm辊距下将混炼胶薄通,然后在1mm辊距下对折贴合,再在2mm辊距下对折下片;
步骤4,将经过步骤3处理后的混炼胶在平板硫化机上按照170℃、10MPa的工艺条件模压6min,再冷压10min硫化制成样件。
实施例2
一种三元乙丙橡胶,参照实施例1,其与实施例1的主要区别在于:多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维的用量为0.5份。
实施例3
一种三元乙丙橡胶,参照实施例2,其与实施例2的主要区别在于:多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维的用量为0.4份。
对比实施例1
一种三元乙丙橡胶,参照实施例2,其与实施例2的主要区别在于:多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维的用量为1份。
对比实施例2
一种三元乙丙橡胶,参照实施例2,其与实施例2的主要区别在于:多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维的用量为0.2份。
对比实施例3
一种三元乙丙橡胶,它的原料由EPDM-4045 60份、EPDM-8550C 40份、炭黑N330 40份、炭黑N774 30份、石蜡油P300 5份、DCP 2份、硫磺0.6份、促进剂DM 1份、促进剂CZ 1份、促进剂TT 1份、氧化锌6份、硬脂酸1份、防老剂RD 2份、芳纶纤维0.6份组成。其制备方法同实施例1中相应部分。
对比实施例4
一种三元乙丙橡胶,它的原料由EPDM-4045 60份、EPDM-8550C 40份、炭黑N330 40份、炭黑N774 30份、石蜡油P300 5份、DCP 2份、硫磺0.6份、促进剂DM 1份、促进剂CZ 1份、促进剂TT 1份、氧化锌6份、硬脂酸1份、防老剂RD 2份组成。
本实施例中三元乙丙橡胶的制备方法,步骤依序包括:
步骤1,按照前述配比称取各组分原料,备用;
步骤2,先将EPDM生胶和EPDM-8550C生胶在开炼机上塑炼3min,然后依次加入加工助剂体系、活化体系、防护体系、补强体系进行混炼,再加入硫化体系翻炼3次;
步骤3,将经过步骤3处理后的混炼胶在平板硫化机上按照170℃、10MPa的工艺条件模压6min,再冷压10min硫化制成样件。
对前述实施例和对比实施例中制备的三元乙丙橡胶的进行检测,结果见表1
表1各例中三元乙丙橡胶的力学性能
试样 | 拉伸强度(MPa) | 扯断伸长率(%) | 邵氏硬度 |
实施例1 | 18.63 | 630 | 71 |
实施例2 | 18.78 | 638 | 72 |
实施例3 | 18.51 | 625 | 71 |
对比实施例1 | 17.32 | 575 | 70 |
对比实施例2 | 17.11 | 552 | 69 |
对比实施例3 | 17.40 | 531 | 69 |
对比实施例4 | 16.41 | 523 | 68 |
实施例1-3中的三元乙丙橡胶通过各个特定含量组分的协同配合,不仅具有优良的加工性能,而且具有优良的力学性能,特别是能够兼顾三元乙丙橡胶的高扯断伸长率和高拉伸强度,同时具有较高的硬度,其扯断伸长率可达625%-638%,拉伸强度可达18.51-18.78Mpa,邵氏硬度可稳定在71-72,有利于拓展三元乙丙橡胶在汽车拉带等高定伸制品领域中的应用;所制得的三元乙丙橡胶中,改性芳纶纤维能够均匀分散在橡胶基体中(冷冻切片的橡胶样品,通过扫描电镜观察纤维与橡胶基体的结合情况)。
实施例5
一种三元乙丙橡胶,它的原料由EPDM-4045 40份、EPDM-8550C 20份、炭黑N330 20份、炭黑N774 10份、石蜡油P300 2份、DCP 2份、硫磺0.5份、促进剂DM 0.5份、促进剂CZ 0.5份、促进剂TT 0.5份、氧化锌1份、硬脂酸1份、防老剂RD 1份、多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维0.6份组成。
其中,多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维的制备方法为:将芳纶短纤维加入浓度为3.0g/L的盐酸多巴胺溶液中,用NaOH溶液调节pH值至8.5,于60℃反应10min,按硫酸盐水合物与盐酸多巴胺的物质的量配比为1添加硫酸镍水合物,于60℃反应4h,过滤洗涤3次后烘干,得多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维。
本实施例中三元乙丙橡胶的制备方法,步骤依序包括:
步骤1,按照前述配比称取各组分原料,备用;
步骤2,先将EPDM生胶和EPDM-8550C生胶在开炼机上塑炼3min,然后依次加入加工助剂体系、活化体系、防护体系、补强体系进行混炼,再加入硫化体系、改性芳纶纤维翻炼3次;
步骤3,保持压延方向一致,在0.5mm辊距下将混炼胶薄通,然后在1mm辊距下对折贴合,再在2mm辊距下对折下片;
步骤4,将经过步骤3处理后的混炼胶在平板硫化机上按照170℃、10MPa的工艺条件模压5min,再冷压10min硫化制成样件。
实施例6
一种三元乙丙橡胶,它的原料由EPDM-4045 50份、EPDM-8550C 30份、炭黑N330 30份、炭黑N774 20份、石蜡油P300 3份、DCP 3份、硫磺1份、促进剂DM 1份、促进剂CZ 1份、促进剂TT 1份、氧化锌2份、硬脂酸2份、防老剂RD 2份、多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维0.6份组成。
Claims (6)
1.一种三元乙丙橡胶,其特征在于:它的原料包含按照重量份比计的三元乙丙橡胶基体体系60~100份、补强体系30~70份、加工助剂体系2~10份、硫化体系2~9份、活化体系2~8份、防护体系0.5~5份、改性芳纶纤维0.4~0.6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的三元乙丙橡胶,其特征在于:所述三元乙丙橡胶基体体系由按照重量份比计的EPDM-4045 40~60份、EPDM-8550C 20~40份组成;所述补强体系由按照重量份比计的炭黑N330 20~40份、炭黑N774 10~30份;所述硫化体系由按照重量份比计的硫磺0.5~2份、DCP 0.5~3份、促进剂DM 0.5~1份、促进剂CZ 0.5~1份、促进剂TT 0.5~1份;所述加工助剂体系包含石蜡油和环烷油;所述活化体系包含硬脂酸和氧化锌;所述防护体系包含防老剂RD和防老剂4010NA;所述改性芳纶纤维采用多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维。
3.根据权利要求2所述的三元乙丙橡胶,其特征在于:它的原料由EPDM-4045 60份、EPDM-8550C 40份、炭黑N330 40份、炭黑N774 30份、石蜡油P300 5份、DCP 2份、硫磺0.6份、促进剂DM 1份、促进剂CZ 1份、促进剂TT 1份、氧化锌6份、硬脂酸1份、防老剂RD 2份、多巴胺螯合物改性芳纶纤维0.55-0.6份组成。
4.如权利要求2-4任一项所述三元乙丙橡胶的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤依序包括:
步骤1,按照前述配比称取各组分原料,备用;
步骤2,先将EPDM生胶和EPDM-8550C生胶在开炼机上塑炼3min,然后依次加入加工助剂体系、活化体系、防护体系、补强体系进行混炼,再加入硫化体系、改性芳纶纤维翻炼3次;
步骤3,保持压延方向一致,在0.5mm辊距下将混炼胶薄通,然后在1mm辊距下对折贴合,再在2mm辊距下对折下片;
步骤4,将经过步骤3处理后的混炼胶在平板硫化机上按照170℃、10MPa的工艺条件模压6min,再冷压10min硫化制成样件。
5.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述改性芳纶纤维采用如下工艺制得:
将芳纶短纤维加入浓度为2.0~5.0g/L的盐酸多巴胺溶液中,用NaOH溶液调节pH值至8.5,于40~80℃氛围下反应10min,按硫酸盐水合物与盐酸多巴胺的物质的量配比为0.5~2添加硫酸镍水合物,于40~80℃反应2-10h,过滤洗涤3次后烘干,得所述改性芳纶纤维。
6.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述改性芳纶纤维采用如下工艺制得:
将芳纶短纤维加入浓度为3g/L的盐酸多巴胺溶液中,用NaOH溶液调节pH值至8.5,于60℃氛围下反应10min,按硫酸盐水合物与盐酸多巴胺的物质的量配比为1.2添加硫酸镍水合物,于60℃反应4h,过滤洗涤3次后烘干,得所述改性芳纶纤维。
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