CN115070518A - Ball head micro milling cutter with array micro-tooth structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Ball head micro milling cutter with array micro-tooth structure and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115070518A
CN115070518A CN202210804964.6A CN202210804964A CN115070518A CN 115070518 A CN115070518 A CN 115070518A CN 202210804964 A CN202210804964 A CN 202210804964A CN 115070518 A CN115070518 A CN 115070518A
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China
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micro
tooth structure
array
milling cutter
handed
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CN202210804964.6A
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CN115070518B (en
Inventor
邓大祥
张振坤
马启贤
姚英学
田智超
张全福
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Shenzhen Graduate School Harbin Institute of Technology
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Shenzhen Graduate School Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B3/00Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
    • B24B3/02Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of milling cutters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C5/00Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/10Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
    • B23C5/1009Ball nose end mills
    • B23C5/1018Ball nose end mills with permanently fixed cutting inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a ball-end micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure and a preparation method thereof. The cutting tool obviously reduces the contact area between the tool and the surface of a workpiece, reduces cutting force and cutting heat, thereby prolonging the service life of the tool, simultaneously increasing the chip containing space of the tool and enhancing the chip removal capability of the tool. During preparation, the primary contour of a milling cutter blank is firstly processed, then the ball head is precisely sharpened, the left-handed and right-handed symmetrical staggered spherical spiral micro-grooves are processed to form an array micro-tooth structure, and finally two axisymmetric spiral chip grooves are ground by a forming grinding wheel, so that the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the quality of the processed surface is improved.

Description

Ball head micro milling cutter with array micro-tooth structure and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to preparation of a cutting tool, in particular to a ball-end micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rise and development of micro devices, the micro cutting technology becomes a research hotspot, however, compared with macro cutting, the cutting depth of each tooth and the arc radius of the cutting edge of a cutter are in the same order of magnitude in the micro milling process, so that the obvious size effect exists in the processing, the functions of extrusion, plowing, scratching and the like are obvious, and the integrity of the surface of a workpiece is seriously damaged. In the actual micro-milling process, due to the fact that the workpiece is various in structure and small in size, the appearance of the processed surface of the workpiece is difficult to guarantee, and severe processing defects such as burrs, edge breakage and the like are prone to occurring. Especially, when a micro cavity structure is machined, a large amount of chips cannot be discharged in time due to the limited chip discharge space, and are repeatedly extruded by a cutter and bonded on the inner side of the micro channel, so that a large amount of burrs are formed on the wall surface of the cavity, and the quality of the machined surface is seriously influenced. Particularly, when the ball-end micro milling cutter is used for machining round, semicircular and other microstructures, the discharge of chips is severely limited due to the limitation of the neck of the micro milling cutter, and therefore the quality deviation of the machined surface of the microstructure is caused. In addition, the current common ball head micro milling cutter is mostly of a single-edge or double-edge structure, the machining efficiency is low, the cutter is fast to wear, the service life is short, and the machining requirements of high precision and high efficiency are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ball head micro milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure and a preparation method thereof, which can prolong the service life of a cutter and improve the quality of a processed surface.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a ball head micro milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure comprises a cutter handle, wherein the diameter of the cutter handle is 2mm to 4mm, and a cutter neck fixedly connected to the end part of the cutter handle, a cutter head is fixedly connected to the cutter neck, the diameter of the cutter head is 0.6mm to 1.0mm, two spiral chip grooves which are axially symmetrically arranged and an array micro-tooth structure formed by dispersing the two spiral chip grooves are arranged on the cutter head, and the array micro-tooth structure is formed by symmetrically and alternately arranging a plurality of right-handed spherical spiral micro-grooves and left-handed spherical spiral micro-grooves;
the tracks of the right-handed spherical spiral micro grooves and the left-handed spherical spiral micro grooves are symmetrically staggered right-handed spherical spiral lines and left-handed spherical spiral lines, and the spherical centers of the right-handed spherical spiral lines and the left-handed spherical spiral lines are the same as the spherical center of the cutter head;
the axes of the left-handed spherical helical line and the right-handed spherical helical line and the axis of the cutter are in the same plane and are symmetrical about the axis of the cutter, and the angles between the axes of the left-handed spherical helical line and the right-handed spherical helical line and the axis of the cutter are 20-40 degrees;
the sections of the right-handed spherical spiral micro groove and the left-handed spherical spiral micro groove are isosceles triangles, the length of the bottom side of the right-handed spherical spiral micro groove is 30-200 mu m, and the height of the right-handed spherical spiral micro groove is 10-100 mu m;
the micro-tooth structure is diamond-shaped, the long diagonal line of the micro-tooth structure is 20-70 mu m, the short diagonal line of the micro-tooth structure is 10-40 mu m, and the acute angle of the micro-tooth structure is 30-80 degrees;
the overall length of the milling cutter is 40mm to 50mm, and the helix angle of the spiral chip groove is 25 degrees to 40 degrees.
A method for preparing a ball head micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding the blank bar stock of the cutter by a precision cutter grinding machine tool through a grinding wheel to form a primary profile of the milling cutter;
step two: the method comprises the following steps of (1) precisely sharpening a cutter head by adopting a diamond grinding wheel, and further forming a plurality of right-handed spherical spiral micro grooves and left-handed spherical spiral micro grooves on the cutter head to form an array micro-tooth structure; the grinding speed is 15m/s to 30m/s, the feeding speed is 0.25mm/s to 0.50mm/s, and the grinding depth is 10 mu m to 30 mu m;
step three: grinding two axisymmetric spiral chip grooves by using a forming grinding wheel to form a ball head micro milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure; the grinding speed is 20m/s to 40m/s, the feed speed is 0.40mm/s to 0.80mm/s, and the grinding depth is 50 μm to 100 μm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the spiral micro-grooves on the surface of the ball head micro-milling cutter head with the array micro-tooth structure disperse the complete surface into the array micro-tooth structure, so that the contact area between the cutter and the surface of a workpiece can be effectively reduced, and the cutting force and the cutting temperature are reduced, thereby effectively avoiding the cutter abrasion;
2) the ball head micro milling cutter with the array micro-tooth structure is provided with a large number of micro cutting edges, has the functions of chip breaking and chipping, and inhibits burrs from forming; when the array micro-tooth structure is rotated and cut, the micro-tooth structures on the array micro-tooth structure are alternately contacted with a cutting surface, and burrs on the cutting surface are removed; meanwhile, the right-handed spherical spiral micro-groove and the left-handed spherical spiral micro-groove on the surface of the tool bit can contain chips, so that the chip containing and chip removing capacity of the tool is enhanced, and the quality of the machined surface is improved.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ball nose micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tool tip configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the shape of the microteeth structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional configuration of the tool tip surface micro-grooves of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a grinding process of the ball nose micro-milling cutter having the array micro-tooth structure according to the present invention.
In the figure: a knife handle 1; a cutter neck 2; a cutter head 3; a left-handed spherical helix axis 31; helical flutes 32; right handed spherical helix axis 33; an array microteeth structure 34; a right-handed spherical spiral micro groove 35; a left-handed spherical spiral micro-groove 36; a tool axis 4; a diamond grinding wheel 5; the grinding wheel 6 is formed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, wherein α is the angle between the spherical helix and the axis of the tool; beta is an acute angle of the projection shape of the array micro-tooth structure; x is a long diagonal of the projection shape of the array micro-tooth structure; y is a short diagonal of the projection shape of the array micro-tooth structure; l is the length of the bottom edge of the right-handed spherical spiral micro groove 35 and the left-handed spherical spiral micro groove 36; h is the height of the right-handed spherical spiral micro-groove 35 and the left-handed spherical spiral micro-groove 36;
the structure of a ball head micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure is explained in detail below;
a ball head micro milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure comprises a cutter handle 1, wherein the diameter of the cutter handle 1 is 2mm to 4mm, a cutter neck fixedly connected to the end part of the cutter handle, and a cutter neck 2 fixedly connected to the end part of the cutter handle 1, a cutter head 3 is fixedly connected to the cutter neck 2, the diameter of the cutter head is 0.6mm to 1.0mm, two spiral chip grooves 32 which are axisymmetrically arranged and an array micro-tooth structure 34 formed by dispersing the two spiral chip grooves 32 are arranged on the cutter head 3, and the array micro-tooth structure 34 is formed by symmetrically staggering a plurality of right-handed spherical spiral micro grooves 35 and left-handed spherical spiral micro grooves 36;
the spiral micro-grooves 32 on the surface of the cutter head 3 disperse the complete surface of the cutter head 3 into an array micro-tooth structure, so that the contact area between a milling cutter and the surface of a workpiece can be reduced, the cutting force and the cutting temperature are reduced, and the milling cutter is effectively prevented from being worn;
the tracks of the right-handed spherical spiral micro grooves 35 and the left-handed spherical spiral micro grooves 36 are symmetrically staggered right-handed spherical spiral lines and left-handed spherical spiral lines, and the centers of the right-handed spherical spiral lines and the left-handed spherical spiral lines are the same as the center of the cutter head 3; the left-handed spherical helix axis 31 and the right-handed spherical helix axis 33 are in the same plane as the cutter axis 4 and are symmetrical about the cutter axis 4, and the angles between the left-handed spherical helix axis 31 and the right-handed spherical helix axis 33 and the cutter axis 4 are 20-40 degrees;
the ball head micro milling cutter with the array micro-tooth structure is provided with a large number of micro cutting edges, has the functions of chip breaking and chipping, and inhibits the formation of burrs, when the ball head micro milling cutter with the array micro-tooth structure is used for cutting, the array micro-tooth structure 34 rotates, the micro-tooth structures on the array micro-tooth structure are continuously and intermittently contacted with a cutting surface, a plurality of micro-tooth structures are alternately contacted with the cutting surface, intermittent impact force is generated, and the machined burrs are removed;
meanwhile, the right-handed spherical spiral micro-groove 35 and the left-handed spherical spiral micro-groove 36 on the surface of the tool bit 3 can contain chips, so that the chip removal capability of the tool is enhanced, and the quality of the machined surface is improved;
as shown in fig. 2, it is preferable that the right-handed spherical helical micro groove 35 and the left-handed spherical helical micro groove 36 have a cross section of an isosceles triangle, a base length of 30 to 200 μm, and a height of 10 to 100 μm;
as shown in fig. 2, preferably, the micro-tooth structure is a diamond shape, the long diagonal line of the diamond structure is 20 μm to 70 μm, the short diagonal line of the diamond structure is 10 μm to 40 μm, and the acute angle of the diamond structure is 30 ° to 80 °;
the overall length of the milling cutter is 40mm to 50mm, and the helical angle of the helical chip groove 32 is 25 degrees to 40 degrees.
The following is a detailed description of the steps and functions of a method for manufacturing a ball-end micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure;
a method for preparing a ball head micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding the blank bar of the cutter by a precision cutter grinding machine tool through a grinding wheel to obtain the initial profile of the ball-end micro milling cutter;
step two: grinding the surface of the tool bit 3 by using a diamond grinding wheel 5, wherein the spherical center of the track of the left-handed spherical spiral micro groove 36 is the same as the spherical center of the tool bit, and the included angle alpha between the axis 31 of the left-handed spherical spiral micro groove and the axis 4 of the tool is 30 degrees;
the diamond grinding wheel 5 is according to the equation in the spherical coordinate system: rho is 0.5, theta is 180, phi is 360, where rho is the distance from the point to the origin, theta is the angle between the connecting line of the point and the origin and the X axis, phi is the angle between the projection of the connecting line of the point and the origin on the X-Y plane and the X axis, t is a parameter, the grinding speed is 20m/s, the feeding speed is 0.35mm/s, the grinding depth is 10 μm, and finally the levorotatory spherical spiral micro-groove 36 is obtained;
step three: rotating the cutter by the same angle to obtain the same processing parameters, and grinding the surface of the cutter head 3 by the diamond grinding wheel 5 to form a right-handed spherical spiral groove 35 which is symmetrical to the left-handed spherical spiral groove, thereby finally obtaining the array micro-tooth structure;
step four: two axisymmetric spiral chip grooves 32 are ground by the forming grinding wheel 6, the grinding speed is 30m/s, the feeding speed is 0.50mm/s, and the grinding depth is 60 mu m, so that the ball-end micro milling cutter with the array micro-tooth structure is processed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, and the invention is not limited by the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a little milling cutter of bulb with little tooth structure of array, includes handle of a knife (1) to and fixed connection is at sword neck (2) of handle of a knife (1) tip, fixedly connected with tool bit (3), its characterized in that on sword neck (2): the tool bit (3) is provided with two spiral chip grooves (32) which are axisymmetrically arranged and an array micro-tooth structure (34) which is formed by dispersing the two spiral chip grooves (32), and the array micro-tooth structure (34) is formed by symmetrically staggering a plurality of right-handed spherical spiral micro-grooves (35) and left-handed spherical spiral micro-grooves (36).
2. A ball nose micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure according to claim 1, wherein: when the array micro-tooth structure (34) rotates for cutting, the micro-tooth structures on the array micro-tooth structure are alternately contacted with the cutting surface, and burrs on the cutting surface are removed.
3. A ball nose micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure according to claim 1, wherein: the tracks of the right-handed spherical spiral micro grooves (35) and the left-handed spherical spiral micro grooves (36) are symmetrically staggered right-handed spherical spiral lines and left-handed spherical spiral lines, and the spherical centers of the right-handed spherical spiral lines and the left-handed spherical spiral lines are the same as the spherical center of the cutter head (3).
4. A ball nose micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure according to claim 3, wherein: the left-handed spherical helix axis (31) and the right-handed spherical helix axis (33) are in the same plane as the cutter axis (4) and are symmetrical about the cutter axis (4), and the angle between the left-handed spherical helix axis (31) and the right-handed spherical helix axis (33) and the cutter axis (4) is 20-40 degrees.
5. A ball nose micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure according to claim 1, wherein: the sections of the right-handed spherical spiral micro-groove (35) and the left-handed spherical spiral micro-groove (36) are isosceles triangles, the length of the bottom side of the isosceles triangles is 30-200 mu m, and the height of the right-handed spherical spiral micro-groove is 10-100 mu m.
6. A ball nose micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the micro-tooth structure is diamond-shaped, the long diagonal line of the micro-tooth structure is 20-70 mu m, the short diagonal line of the micro-tooth structure is 10-40 mu m, and the acute angle of the micro-tooth structure is 30-80 degrees.
7. A ball nose micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure according to claim 1, wherein: the overall length of the milling cutter is 40mm to 50mm, and the helical angle of the helical chip groove (32) is 25 degrees to 40 degrees.
8. A method for preparing a ball head micro milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding a cutter blank bar to form a milling cutter profile;
step two: the tool bit (3) is subjected to sharpening processing, and then a plurality of right-handed spherical spiral micro grooves (35) and left-handed spherical spiral micro grooves (36) are formed in the tool bit (3) to form an array micro-tooth structure (34);
step three: two axisymmetric spiral chip grooves (32) are machined on the tool bit (3) to form the ball head micro milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure (34).
9. The ball nose micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure according to claim 8, wherein: in the first step, a precision tool sharpening machine tool is adopted to grind the tool blank bar through a grinding wheel, and a forming grinding wheel (6) is adopted to grind two axisymmetric spiral chip grooves (32).
10. The ball nose micro-milling cutter with an array micro-tooth structure according to claim 8, wherein: in the second step, the tool bit (3) is precisely sharpened by a diamond grinding wheel (5).
CN202210804964.6A 2022-07-08 2022-07-08 Ball head micro milling cutter with array micro tooth structure and preparation method thereof Active CN115070518B (en)

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Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5882150A (en) * 1996-07-18 1999-03-16 Dijet Industrial Co., Ltd. Indexable end mill
US20050123363A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-09 The Boeing Company Shaper router and method
JP2010162677A (en) * 2009-01-19 2010-07-29 Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd Small-diameter cbn ball end mill
CN102120275A (en) * 2011-01-14 2011-07-13 浙江瑞亨精密工具有限公司 Minitype diamond-tooth milling cutter and processing technology thereof
CN103567521A (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-02-12 苏州万一刀具工业有限公司 Two-blade bulb milling cutter for aluminum
DE102012019804A1 (en) * 2012-10-10 2014-04-10 Hufschmied Zerspanungssysteme Gmbh Face milling cutter for machining fiber-reinforced materials such as CFRP
WO2016098092A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-06-23 Iscar Ltd. Rotary cutting tool having a predetermined number of left and right handed helical flutes and end face cutting teeth
CN106825713A (en) * 2017-02-21 2017-06-13 山东大学 The manufacture method and milling cutter of a kind of fine milling cutter of cermet
WO2019047557A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-14 大连理工大学 Micro-teeth arrangement designable end mill having tip blade for dedicated use with carbon fiber composite material
WO2019162090A1 (en) * 2018-02-21 2019-08-29 Ceratizit Balzheim Gmbh & Co. Kg Milling tool
CN209902329U (en) * 2019-04-02 2020-01-07 常州市兴强工具有限公司 Micro spherical milling cutter with low cutting stress

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5882150A (en) * 1996-07-18 1999-03-16 Dijet Industrial Co., Ltd. Indexable end mill
US20050123363A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-09 The Boeing Company Shaper router and method
JP2010162677A (en) * 2009-01-19 2010-07-29 Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd Small-diameter cbn ball end mill
CN102120275A (en) * 2011-01-14 2011-07-13 浙江瑞亨精密工具有限公司 Minitype diamond-tooth milling cutter and processing technology thereof
DE102012019804A1 (en) * 2012-10-10 2014-04-10 Hufschmied Zerspanungssysteme Gmbh Face milling cutter for machining fiber-reinforced materials such as CFRP
CN103567521A (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-02-12 苏州万一刀具工业有限公司 Two-blade bulb milling cutter for aluminum
WO2016098092A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-06-23 Iscar Ltd. Rotary cutting tool having a predetermined number of left and right handed helical flutes and end face cutting teeth
CN106825713A (en) * 2017-02-21 2017-06-13 山东大学 The manufacture method and milling cutter of a kind of fine milling cutter of cermet
WO2019047557A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-14 大连理工大学 Micro-teeth arrangement designable end mill having tip blade for dedicated use with carbon fiber composite material
US20190299304A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-10-03 Dalian University Of Technology Special end cutting edge attached cutter for carbon fiber reinforced polymer/plastic with designable micro-tooth configuration
WO2019162090A1 (en) * 2018-02-21 2019-08-29 Ceratizit Balzheim Gmbh & Co. Kg Milling tool
CN209902329U (en) * 2019-04-02 2020-01-07 常州市兴强工具有限公司 Micro spherical milling cutter with low cutting stress

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