CN115067998A - Pulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device, method and storage medium - Google Patents
Pulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device, method and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device, which comprises: the device comprises a pulse generating unit, a control unit and an acquisition module; the control unit sends a control signal comprising working parameters to the pulse generation unit; the pulse generating unit generates low-voltage pulses, and the low-voltage pulses are applied to two ends of a load; the module synchronously measures the voltage and the current at two ends of the load, detects the voltage and the current and converts an analog signal into a digital signal; the control unit stores and transmits the acquired digital signals and obtains impedance values according to the voltage and the current. The invention can realize real-time evaluation of the ablation effect of the target area by applying the voltage pulse measured in real time to the ablation tissue and calculating the real-time impedance change of the ablation tissue according to the voltage and the current at the two ends of the ablation tissue. Meanwhile, the device can be used by combining the interface unit with the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment, so that the feedback adjustment of high-voltage pulse parameters is realized, and the ablation effect can be optimized in a shorter time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ablation equipment, in particular to a pulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device, a method and a storage medium.
Background
The high-voltage short-pulse electric field ablation is a novel physical therapy technology appearing in recent years, and the technology can release extremely high energy in a short time by generating a high-voltage pulse electric field with microsecond and nanosecond pulse width, so that cell membranes and even organelles in cells, such as an inner plasma membrane, mitochondria, cell nucleus and the like can generate a large number of irreversible micropores, and further apoptosis of pathological cells is caused, and the expected therapeutic purpose is achieved. Based on the irreversible electroporation theory, pulsed electric field technology has been used to treat diseases such as tumor and arrhythmia.
The real-time visual evaluation of the ablation effect is an important guarantee for effective treatment, however, the influence of the pulse electric field parameters on tumor ablation in the treatment process still stays in the stage of depending on empirical estimation, and the implementation evaluation of the high-voltage pulse electric field ablation effect and the dynamic regulation and control of the treatment parameters are problems which are not effectively solved in the current clinical treatment.
Irreversible electroporation-induced cell death requires a certain time course, and conventional imaging techniques have time lag for the assessment of tissue functional states and cannot meet the requirements of real-time efficacy assessment.
In view of the above, how to evaluate the ablation effect is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device, method and storage medium, so as to solve the problem that no response setting and method in the prior art can meet the requirement of real-time curative effect evaluation.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides an impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device, comprising: the device comprises a pulse generation unit, a control unit and an acquisition module;
the control unit sends a control signal comprising working parameters to the pulse generation unit;
the pulse generating unit generates a low-voltage pulse, and the low-voltage pulse is applied to two ends of a load;
the acquisition module synchronously measures the voltage and the current at two ends of the load, detects the voltage and the current and converts an analog signal into a digital signal;
the control unit stores and transmits the acquired digital signals and obtains impedance values according to the voltage and the current.
Further, the pulse generator further comprises an interface unit, and the interface unit is used for setting working parameters of the pulse generating unit.
Further, the interface unit is also used for feeding back the impedance value to the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment so as to realize the feedback of the high-voltage pulse ablation result.
Further, the pulse generating unit comprises a direct current charging power supply module and a pulse forming topology module;
the pulse shaping topology network is formed by a half-bridge structure.
Further, the control unit comprises an embedded control unit and a logic control unit;
the embedded control unit comprises a microprocessor, and the logic control unit comprises an editable logic device; the control unit adopts an STM32+ FPGA dual-core structure.
Further, the system power supply unit is also included, and comprises a switching power supply module converting 220V into 5V, 12V and 24V;
the acquisition module comprises a voltage acquisition unit, a current acquisition unit and a double-path high-speed A/D module, wherein the voltage acquisition unit comprises a voltage division unit, a signal conditioning unit and a data measurement unit; the output voltage value is 0-5V through resistance voltage division for the acquisition of a double-path high-speed A/D module, and the output current is converted into a voltage signal through a current sensor for the acquisition of the high-speed A/D module; the current acquisition module is a current sensor, the model of the current sensor is HCS-LSP-6A, the working voltage is 5V, the maximum measuring current is from-6A to +6A, and the output voltage is from 2.5V-2V to 2.5V + 2V;
the type of the acquisition chip adopted by the double-path high-speed A/D module is AD9226, the precision is 12 bits, and the highest sampling rate is 65 MPS.
The invention also provides an impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating method, which comprises the following steps:
the control unit sends a control signal comprising working parameters to the pulse generation unit;
the pulse generating unit generates low-voltage pulses, and the low-voltage pulses are applied to two ends of a load;
the acquisition module synchronously measures the voltage and the current at two ends of the load, detects the voltage and the current and converts an analog signal into a digital signal;
the control unit stores and transmits the acquired digital signals and obtains impedance values according to the voltage and the current.
Further, the interface unit sets working parameters of the pulse generation unit; the pulse generating unit can generate low-voltage measuring square-wave pulses with flexibly adjustable parameters such as amplitude, pulse width, frequency and number, the pulse voltage amplitude is 10-100V and 5-100 mus, and the leading edge and the trailing edge of the pulse are both lower than 50ns, so that the requirements of impedance measurement for different tissue ablations on the pulse parameter measurement can be matched.
Further, the interface unit feeds back the impedance value to the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment so as to realize the feedback of the high-voltage pulse ablation result.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of an impulse-responsive dynamic impedance measurement and regulation method as described above.
According to the impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring device and method provided by the invention, the voltage impulse measured in real time is applied to the ablation tissue, and the real-time impedance change of the ablation tissue is calculated according to the voltage and the current at the two ends of the ablation tissue, so that the ablation effect of the target area is evaluated in real time. Meanwhile, the device can be used by combining the interface unit with the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment, so that the feedback adjustment of high-voltage pulse parameters is realized, and the ablation effect can be optimized in a shorter time.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a pulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device, method and storage medium, which effectively solve the problem that the no-response setting and method in the prior art can meet the requirement of real-time curative effect evaluation.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention finds that the resistance or impedance spectrum change of the ablated tissue is measured, but in practical use, most devices do not have the function of measuring the impedance in real time, and particularly, the change of the impedance of the tissue before and after the action of the high-voltage pulse is measured in the process of applying pressure by adopting the high-voltage pulse. Although the high-voltage pulse generation circuit and the low-voltage pulse measurement circuit can be integrated into a set of system, and the high-voltage pulse treatment output and the low-voltage pulse impedance measurement function are switched by controlling a switch or a relay, the method increases the complexity of the system structure and control.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device, including: the device comprises a pulse generating unit, a control unit and an acquisition module;
the control unit sends a control signal comprising working parameters to the pulse generation unit;
the pulse generating unit generates a low-voltage pulse, and the low-voltage pulse is applied to two ends of a load;
the acquisition module synchronously measures the voltage and the current at two ends of the load, detects the voltage and the current and converts an analog signal into a digital signal;
the control unit stores and transmits the acquired digital signals and obtains impedance values according to the voltage and the current.
The load may be ablated tissue, i.e. the voltage and current across the ablated tissue are measured and the impedance value is derived from the voltage and current. The impedance value is obtained by measuring the pulse voltage and the pulse current, and a foundation is laid for the prediction and the real-time detection of the individualized pulse ablation under the action of the pulse electric field.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises an interface unit, which sets the operating parameters of the pulse generating unit.
The interface unit is also used for feeding back the impedance value to the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment so as to realize the feedback of the high-voltage pulse ablation result.
Specifically, the interface unit comprises a pulse output interface, a key and switch interface, a serial port and an external trigger interface.
The key and opening interface is in data communication with a key and switch operated by a user for the user to set the working parameters of the pulse generating unit.
The pulse output interface is used for carrying out data communication with an upper computer or a high-voltage pulse treatment device. The serial port and the external trigger interface are used for audible and visual alarm indication when the device fails in operation.
The pulse generating unit comprises a direct current charging power supply module and a pulse forming topology module; the pulse shaping topology network is formed by a half-bridge structure. The pulse generating unit can generate low-voltage measuring square-wave pulses with flexibly adjustable parameters such as amplitude, pulse width, frequency and number, the pulse voltage amplitude is 10-100V and 5-100 mus, and the leading edge and the trailing edge of the pulse are both lower than 50ns, so that the requirements of impedance measurement for different tissue ablations on the pulse parameter measurement can be matched.
The low frequency signals most sensitive to the electroporation phenomenon may distort the measurement result due to the interference of the interface impedance due to the interface (electrode-electrolyte interface) impedance between the electrode and the biological tissue. Therefore, the amplitude voltage of the low-voltage measurement signal is required to be large enough to force the electrochemical reaction to the interface of the electrode, so as to change the behavior of the electrode from capacitive to resistive, thereby neglecting the influence of the interface impedance, but the amplitude of the measurement pulse voltage is low enough to avoid the error in impedance measurement caused by the electroporation effect of the tissue, and the voltage field strength of the low-voltage measurement signal is generally not more than 100V/cm. Therefore, the output voltage of the power supply module selected by the invention is adjustable from 0V to 100V, and the output voltage can be adjusted through the voltage of the analog modulation interface from 0V to 5V.
In order to realize that the pulse leading edge is less than 50ns and the pulse trailing edge is less than 100ns, the selected switching tube is a power MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) made of silicon carbide materials of CREE company, the model is C2M0080120, the rising edge time can reach 13.6ns, the falling edge time can reach 18.4ns, the maximum working voltage is 1200V, the maximum pulse current which can be borne is 80A, and the design requirements can be well met. The energy storage capacitor is a thin film capacitor of EPCOS, and a plurality of fast recovery diodes are connected in series to resist the impact of high-voltage pulse on the real-time detection pulse system. Firstly, a power supply module is adopted to charge an energy storage capacitor, then a synchronous control module is adopted to respectively output a nanosecond-level fast pulse to an electrode needle before and after the high-voltage pulse is applied, impedance information of the tumor tissue at the moment can be obtained according to voltage and loop current information on the tumor tissue, and ablation effect is judged by combining the specific dielectric characteristics of the tissue, so that the applied high-voltage pulse width, the depth and other position information of the electrode needle are adjusted, and therefore real-time optimization of tumor ablation overshoot is achieved.
The control unit comprises an embedded control unit and a logic control unit.
The embedded control unit comprises a microprocessor, and the logic control unit comprises an editable logic device; the control unit adopts an STM32+ FPGA dual-core structure. Can meet the requirements of subject test measurement and control. The ARM core adopts an STM32F407IGT6 of a Coretex-M4 kernel, and the core not only has high-performance characteristics of 168MHz master frequency, FPU floating point units, DSP instruction sets and the like, but also has characteristics of multiple peripherals, multiple interfaces and multiple I/O. The ARM core is used as a CPU role and is responsible for functions such as function realization, event processing, interfaces and the like. The FPGA core adopts an Altera Cyclone series fourth generation product EP4CE10F17C8N, and has the advantages of low power consumption, strong performance, more resources, convenient use and the like. The FPGA core is used as a logic device and is responsible for functions such as parallel processing, real-time processing, logic management and the like.
The device also comprises a system power supply unit which comprises a 220V-to-5V, 12V and 24V switching power supply module;
the acquisition module comprises a voltage acquisition unit, a current acquisition unit and a double-path high-speed A/D module, wherein the voltage acquisition unit comprises a voltage division unit, a signal conditioning unit and a data measurement unit; the output voltage value is 0-5V through resistance voltage division for the AD module to collect, and the output current is converted into a voltage signal through the current sensor for the high-speed A/D module to collect. The current acquisition module is a current sensor, the model of the current sensor is HCS-LSP-6A, the working voltage is 5V, the maximum measuring current is-6A to +6A, and the output voltage is 2.5V-2V to 2.5V + 2V.
The model of a collecting chip adopted by the double-path high-speed A/D module is AD9226, the precision is 12 bits, and the highest sampling rate is 65 MPS.
The device adopts a modularized structure, voltage pulses measured in real time can be applied to ablation tissues through the electrodes, actual impedance is calculated according to voltage and current at two ends of the ablation tissues, and real-time assessment of ablation effect of a target area is achieved. Meanwhile, the module can be used by combining an external communication interface and a synchronous trigger interface with the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment, and feeds back the measured real-time voltage, current and impedance values to the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment, so that the feedback adjustment of high-voltage pulse parameters and the position information of the electrode needle is realized, and a more uniform ablation effect can be obtained in a shorter time.
The pulse measurement system designed by the silicon carbide switch tube can generate square wave pulses with flexibly adjustable parameters such as amplitude, pulse width, frequency and number, and the like, and the leading edge and the trailing edge of the pulse are lower than 50ns, so that the pulse measurement system can meet the requirements of impedance measurement of ablation of different tissues on pulse parameter measurement.
The device adopts a current sensor with high following precision and quick response time and a high-precision and high-speed A/D acquisition chip, adopts a core control framework of a double controller, realizes synchronous acquisition and transmission of voltage and current data, can set sampling time and acquisition data depth through software, and improves the stability and accuracy of the data by combining a data processing algorithm.
The invention also provides an impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating method, which comprises the following steps:
the control unit sends a control signal comprising working parameters to the pulse generation unit;
the pulse generating unit generates low-voltage pulses, and the low-voltage pulses are applied to two ends of a load;
the acquisition module synchronously measures the voltage and the current at two ends of the load, detects the voltage and the current and converts an analog signal into a digital signal;
the control unit stores and transmits the acquired digital signals and obtains impedance values according to the voltage and the current.
Further, the interface unit sets the operating parameters of the pulse generating unit.
Further, the interface unit feeds back the impedance value to the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment so as to realize the feedback of the high-voltage pulse ablation result.
The interface unit also includes start and system initialization before data transceiving. Then the interface unit receives the command and analyzes the command to obtain the working parameters of the pulse generating unit;
then the control unit sends a control signal comprising the working parameters to the pulse generation unit;
the pulse generating unit outputs low-voltage pulses according to the set working parameters of the low-voltage measuring pulses; the pulse generating unit can generate low-voltage measuring square-wave pulses with flexibly adjustable parameters such as amplitude, pulse width, frequency and number, the pulse voltage amplitude is 10-100V and 5-100 mus, and the leading edge and the trailing edge of the pulse are both lower than 50ns, so that the requirements of impedance measurement for different tissue ablations on the pulse parameter measurement can be matched.
The acquisition module synchronously measures or acquires voltage and current at two ends of a load; the acquisition module converts acquired data of voltage and current into digital signals and stores the digital signals in the control unit;
and the control unit calculates the impedance value of the load according to the voltage and current values and feeds the impedance value back to the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment so as to realize the feedback of the high-voltage pulse ablation result.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of an impulse-responsive dynamic impedance measurement and regulation method as described above.
According to the method provided by the invention, the voltage pulse measured in real time is applied to the ablation tissue, and the actual impedance is calculated according to the voltage and the current at the two ends of the ablation tissue, so that the ablation effect of the target area is evaluated in real time. Meanwhile, the device can be used by combining the interface unit with the high-voltage pulse ablation equipment to realize the feedback adjustment of the high-voltage pulse parameters, so that a more uniform ablation effect can be obtained in a shorter time.
The present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the impulse response type dynamic impedance measurement and control method are implemented.
In the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and controlling device and method and the computer readable storage medium provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device, comprising: the device comprises a pulse generation unit, a control unit and an acquisition module;
the control unit sends a control signal comprising working parameters to the pulse generation unit;
the pulse generating unit generates a low-voltage pulse, and the low-voltage pulse is applied to two ends of a load;
the acquisition module synchronously measures the voltage and the current at two ends of the load, detects the voltage and the current and converts an analog signal into a digital signal;
the control unit stores and transmits the acquired digital signals and obtains impedance values according to the voltage and the current.
2. The impulse responsive dynamic impedance measuring and conditioning device of claim 1, further comprising an interface unit that sets operating parameters of the pulse generating unit.
3. The impulse-responsive dynamic impedance measurement and control device of claim 2, wherein said interface unit is further configured to feed back impedance values to the high-voltage pulse ablation device for feedback of the high-voltage pulse ablation results.
4. The impulse responsive dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device of claim 1, wherein said pulse generating unit comprises a dc charging power supply module and a pulse shaping topology module;
the pulse shaping topology network is formed by a half-bridge structure.
5. The impulse responsive dynamic impedance measuring and conditioning device of claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises an embedded control unit and a logic control unit;
the embedded control unit comprises a microprocessor, and the logic control unit comprises an editable logic device.
6. The impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a system power supply unit, wherein the collecting module comprises a voltage collecting unit, a current collecting unit and a double-path high-speed A/D module, the voltage collecting unit comprises a voltage dividing unit, a signal conditioning unit and a data measuring unit; the output voltage is supplied to the high-speed A/D module for collection through resistance voltage division, and the output current is converted into a voltage signal through the current sensor to be supplied to the high-speed A/D module for collection.
7. An impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and regulating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the control unit sends a control signal comprising working parameters to the pulse generation unit;
the pulse generating unit generates low-voltage pulses, and the low-voltage pulses are applied to two ends of a load;
the acquisition module synchronously measures the voltage and the current at two ends of the load, detects the voltage and the current and converts an analog signal into a digital signal;
the control unit stores and transmits the acquired digital signals and obtains an impedance value according to the voltage and the current.
8. The impulse response type dynamic impedance measuring and controlling method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the interface unit sets the operating parameters of the pulse generating unit; the pulse generating unit can generate low-voltage measuring square-wave pulses with flexibly adjustable parameters such as amplitude, pulse width, frequency and number, the pulse voltage amplitude is 10-100V and 5-100 mus, and the leading edge and the trailing edge of the pulse are both lower than 50ns, so that the requirements of impedance measurement for different tissue ablations on the pulse parameter measurement can be matched.
9. The method of claim 7 wherein the interface unit feeds back impedance values to the high voltage pulse ablation device to enable feedback of the high voltage pulse ablation results.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the impulse responsive dynamic impedance measurement and conditioning method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.
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| CN116473662A (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-07-25 | 上海玮启医疗器械有限公司 | Pulse ablation impedance detection method based on FPGA |
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| CN116473662A (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-07-25 | 上海玮启医疗器械有限公司 | Pulse ablation impedance detection method based on FPGA |
| CN116473662B (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2024-04-09 | 上海玮启医疗器械有限公司 | Pulse ablation impedance detection method based on FPGA |
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