CN115065862A - Video data acquisition method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents

Video data acquisition method, device, equipment and medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115065862A
CN115065862A CN202210638246.6A CN202210638246A CN115065862A CN 115065862 A CN115065862 A CN 115065862A CN 202210638246 A CN202210638246 A CN 202210638246A CN 115065862 A CN115065862 A CN 115065862A
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video
video data
data acquisition
data
pcdn
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CN115065862B (en
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周炳
冯涛
杨佑平
康浩
郭峰
杨胜
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Beijing Dajia Internet Information Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Dajia Internet Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a video data acquisition method, apparatus, device, and medium, the video data acquisition method including: responding to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, and acquiring pre-loading information, wherein the video data is video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents an acquisition condition of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video is acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode; selectively using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode to acquire the video data according to the data acquisition information; and sending the acquired video data to the player for playing. According to the video data acquisition method, the video data acquisition device, the video data acquisition equipment and the video data acquisition medium, the bandwidth can be effectively saved while the video playing experience is considered.

Description

Video data acquisition method, device, equipment and medium
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of streaming media technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a medium for acquiring video data.
Background
Thanks to the wide application of the streaming media technology, when playing video, the client does not need to download the entire video file before playing, but continuously receives the rest of the video stream while playing the downloaded video data in the buffer area. In this process, the playing experience (such as the first screen loading time, the pause rate or the playing success rate) of the video is affected by the client, the server and the network.
And the downloading component is used for requesting data from the server and receiving data returned by the server, for example, after receiving a data request of the player, requesting data from the server, receiving data returned by the server and returning the received data to the player, and the downloading component is an important variable of the client influencing the video playing experience. How to better control the starting and exiting of the downloading component so as to take the playing experience of the video and the bandwidth cost of the video playing into account is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure provides a video data acquisition method, apparatus, device, and medium to at least solve the problems in the related art described above.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a video data acquisition method, including: responding to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, and acquiring pre-loading information, wherein the video data is video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents an acquisition condition of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video is acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode; acquiring the video data by using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information; and sending the acquired video data to the player.
Optionally, the preload information is generated by: responding to an acquisition request of initial playing data of the first video, and acquiring the initial playing data of the first video in a first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by the player in the playing process of a second video; and generating the preloading information according to the acquisition condition of the initial playing data.
Optionally, the data obtaining information includes at least one of a node check code and a number of network nodes related to the first data obtaining manner.
Optionally, the acquiring the video data by using one of the first data acquisition manner and the second data acquisition manner according to the data acquisition information includes: under the condition that both the number of the network nodes and the node check codes exist, the video data are obtained by using the first data obtaining mode; and under the condition that the number of the network nodes and/or the node check codes do not exist, acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and when the video data is acquired by using the first data acquisition mode, keeping acquiring the video data by using the first data acquisition mode.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and under the condition that the video data is not acquired by using the first data acquisition mode, acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode.
Optionally, after the video data is acquired by using the second data acquisition manner, the method further includes: updating the pre-load information.
Optionally, the updating the preloading information includes: and updating at least one of the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition mode.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a video data acquisition apparatus including: a preload information acquisition unit configured to: responding to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, and acquiring pre-loading information, wherein the video data is video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents the acquisition condition of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video is acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode; a video data acquisition unit configured to: acquiring the video data by using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information; a video data transmitting unit configured to: and sending the acquired video data to the player.
Optionally, the preload information is generated by: responding to an acquisition request of initial playing data of the first video, and acquiring the initial playing data of the first video in a first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by the player in the playing process of a second video; and generating the preloading information according to the acquisition condition of the initial playing data.
Optionally, the data obtaining information includes at least one of a node check code and a number of network nodes related to the first data obtaining manner.
Optionally, the video data obtaining unit may be configured to obtain the video data by using the first data obtaining manner in a case where both the number of network nodes and a node check code exist; and under the condition that the number of the network nodes and/or the node check code does not exist, acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode.
Optionally, the video data obtaining unit may be further configured to keep obtaining the video data by using the first data obtaining manner when obtaining the video data by using the first data obtaining manner.
Optionally, the video data acquisition unit may be further configured to acquire the video data using the second data acquisition mode when the video data is not acquired using the first data acquisition mode.
Optionally, the video data acquisition apparatus further includes a preload information update unit, and the preload information update unit may be configured to update the preload information.
Optionally, the preloading information updating unit may be configured to update at least one of the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data obtaining manner.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic apparatus including: at least one processor; at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform a video data acquisition method according to the present disclosure.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform a video data acquisition method according to the present disclosure.
According to a fifth aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program product, instructions in which are executable by a processor of a computer device to perform a video data acquisition method according to the present disclosure.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure at least brings the following beneficial effects:
according to the video data acquisition method, the video data acquisition device, the video data acquisition equipment and the video data acquisition medium, part of video data is acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode, and the pre-loading information is generated according to the acquisition condition of the part of video data, so that the video data can be acquired by selectively using the first data acquisition mode or the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information in the pre-loading information.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and are not to be construed as limiting the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a CDN download component architecture according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a PCDN download component architecture, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a video download process in the related art.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating another video download process in the related art.
Fig. 5 is an overall schematic diagram illustrating a video data acquisition process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a video data acquisition method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a generation process of preload information according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a video-on-demand flow according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a video data acquisition apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device 1000 according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present disclosure better understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present disclosure and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the disclosure described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. The embodiments described in the following examples do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
In this case, the expression "at least one of the items" in the present disclosure means a case where three types of parallel expressions "any one of the items", "a combination of any plural ones of the items", and "the entirety of the items" are included. For example, "include at least one of a and B" includes the following three cases in parallel: (1) comprises A; (2) comprises B; (3) including a and B. For another example, "at least one of the first step and the second step is performed", which means that the following three cases are juxtaposed: (1) executing the step one; (2) executing the step two; (3) and executing the step one and the step two.
The downloading components of the client comprise a Content Delivery Network (CDN) downloading component and a PCDN (P2P CDN) downloading component, when the video data is downloaded, the CDN downloading component only requests the data from the CDN node, and the PCDN downloading component requests the data from the PCDN node or the CDN node. Specifically, the CDN is a system including components such as distributed storage, load balancing, network request redirection, and content management, and is capable of distributing content resources from an Internet Data Center (IDC) to a network edge node (server) that is close to a user (or is otherwise) and redirecting a user access request to the edge network node by using a load balancing technology thereof, so as to reduce response time of access and alleviate stress on a backbone network. A CDN network is mainly composed of edge network nodes. The PCDN is integrated with a P2P (Peer-To-Peer, a network structure of point-To-point transmission) technology on the basis of the CDN, and a content distribution network is constructed by excavating and utilizing massive fragmented idle resources of an edge network. One PCDN architecture is to establish a P2P network between edge servers, i.e., connect edge CDN nodes in a P2P manner to reduce the load on central CDN nodes. Compared with the CDN, the PCDN has the characteristics of low bandwidth cost and large capacity, and is suitable for service scenarios such as on-demand, live broadcast, and large file download, but the quality (performance or stability) of the network content service provided by the PCDN is inferior to that of the CDN. The architecture of the CDN download component and the PCDN download component can refer to fig. 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a CDN download component architecture according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, the CDN download component mainly includes a CDN download library. In the video playing process, after receiving a video playing request of the player, the CDN download library requests video data from the CDN node, and submits the video data received from the CDN node to the player for playing.
Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a PCDN download component architecture, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2, the PCDN download component includes a CDN download repository, a PCDN download repository and a CDN/PCDN download scheduler. In the video playing process, after receiving a video playing request of a player, a CDN/PCDN scheduler decides whether to download video through a CDN download library or a PCDN download library according to factors such as the buffer area state of the player, wherein if the decision is made to download video through the CDN download library, data are requested from a CDN node through the CDN download library, video data received from the CDN node are submitted to the CDN/PCDN scheduler, if the decision is made to download video through the PCDN download library, data are requested from the PCDN node through the PCDN download library, the video data received from the PCDN node are submitted to the CDN/PCDN scheduler, and the downloaded video data are submitted to the player for playing by the CDN/PCDN scheduler.
Since video data can be obtained from the PCDN node, the PCDN download component has a lower bandwidth cost than the CDN download component, but at the same time increases CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead. Here, the CDN/PCDN overhead includes CPU (Central Processing Unit) overhead consumed by the CDN/PCDN scheduler itself, and also includes retry time overhead for re-requesting video data through the CDN after a failure in downloading the video data through the PCDN. The CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead affects video playing parameters, such as, but not limited to, the first screen loading time (the time from the player loading to the rendering of the first frame), the playing success rate, and the pause rate, which results in poor video playing experience.
There are mainly two video download schemes in the related art, which can be exemplarily described with reference to fig. 3 and 4.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a video download process in the related art.
Referring to fig. 3, the video playing file is exemplarily divided into four data chunks, and each data chunk is downloaded through the CDN downloading component, that is, in the video playing process, the CDN downloading component is always used to download the video data, and the video playing experience of this scheme is good, but the bandwidth cost is high.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating another video download process in the related art.
Referring to fig. 4, the video playing file is also exemplarily divided into four data blocks, and each data block is downloaded through the PCDN downloading component, that is, in the video playing process, the PCDN downloading component is always used to download the video data. Although the CPU overhead consumed by the CDN/PCDN scheduler itself can be reduced by other methods or the CDN retry time consumption can be reduced by improving the decision accuracy of the CDN/PCDN scheduler to reduce the CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead, the reduction of the CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead is limited, and the influence of the remaining unreduced CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead on some playback parameters (e.g., first screen loading time and playback success rate) is large, resulting in a still poor video playback experience.
In order to take account of the video playing experience and the bandwidth cost of video playing, the present disclosure provides a method, an apparatus, a device, and a medium for acquiring video data, and in particular, a portion of video data is acquired in advance through a first data acquisition manner (for example, video data is acquired through a peer-to-peer content distribution network PCDN download component), and pre-loading information is generated, so that the video data can be acquired selectively using the first data acquisition manner or a second data acquisition manner (for example, video data is acquired through a content distribution network CDN download component) according to the data acquisition information in the pre-loading information, since the two data acquisition manners have different characteristics (for example, the bandwidth cost for acquiring video data through the peer-to-peer content distribution network PCDN download component is lower, but may affect video playing parameters, resulting in a poor video playing experience, and the video playing experience for acquiring video data through the content distribution network CDN download component is good, but the bandwidth cost is high), so the bandwidth can be effectively saved while the video playing experience is considered. Hereinafter, a video data acquisition method, apparatus, device, and medium according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to fig. 5 to 10.
Fig. 5 is an overall schematic diagram illustrating a video data acquisition process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, the video data acquisition process involves the application of two data acquisition manners, wherein the first data acquisition manner is to perform video data acquisition through a PCDN download component (the architecture of which can be shown in fig. 2, for example) of a peer-to-peer content distribution network, and the second data acquisition manner is to perform video data acquisition through a CDN download component (the architecture of which can be shown in fig. 1, for example) of a content distribution network.
Referring to fig. 5, for two videos a and B that are played continuously, the video B may be preloaded (i.e., a part of video data of the video B is downloaded in advance) during the on-demand phase of the video a. In one example, since the PCDN downloading component involves the use of a PCDN library, and the bandwidth cost of acquiring video data from a PCDN node through the PCDN library is lower, a part of video data of the video B is downloaded in advance through the PCDN downloading component, and the pre-loading information of the video B is generated according to the acquisition condition of the part of video data of the video B (for example, whether the part of video data downloaded to the video B through the PCDN library of the PCDN downloading component can be successfully downloaded, the size of the cached part of video data, the downlink speed of the PCDN network, and the like) so as to guide the data acquisition mode of the video B in the on-demand stage. In one example, the start playing data of the video B is downloaded in advance, and the start playing data is video data within a period of time from the video starting time, for example, the first frame of the video B or the first few frames of video data from the first frame, and the size of the pre-downloaded start playing data can be determined according to the specific situation (e.g., the current network condition, the buffer size of the player, etc.).
In the video-on-demand stage of the video B, the player plays a part of video data which is downloaded in advance of the video B, and requests subsequent video data to the downloading component layer, the downloading component layer reads the preloading information after receiving the request, and if the preloading information indicates that the video data is allowed to be acquired from the PCDN node, the PCDN downloading component is started to acquire the video data from the PCDN node so as to save bandwidth; if the preloading information indicates that the video data is not allowed to be acquired from the PCDN node, the CDN downloading component is started to acquire the video data from the CDN node, so that unnecessary expenses of the PCDN downloading component are avoided (for example, the use of a CDN/PCDN scheduler in the PCDN downloading component is reduced), and the video playing experience is guaranteed.
In addition, in the video-on-demand stage of the video B, if the preloading information indicates that the video data acquisition from the PCDN node is allowed, but the video data acquisition failure after the PCDN downloading component is started indicates that the preloading information is delayed, the PCDN downloading component can be quitted at the moment, the CDN downloading component is started to acquire the video data, and the preloading information is updated, so that when the video B is on-demand again, the updated preloading information is used for guiding the video data acquisition process of the video B, and the condition that the video playing experience is poor due to the delayed preloading information is avoided.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a video data acquisition method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Here, the video data acquisition method is executed by a client, and the client may be hardware or software. When the client is hardware, it can be various electronic devices having a display screen and capable of resource processing, including but not limited to smart phones, tablet computers, laptop portable computers, desktop computers, and the like. When the client is software, the client may be installed in the electronic device listed above, and may be implemented as multiple pieces of software or software modules, or may be implemented as a single piece of software or software modules. And is not particularly limited herein.
Referring to fig. 6, in step 601, in response to a request sent by a player to acquire video data, acquiring pre-loading information, where the video data is video data of a first video, and the pre-loading information includes data acquisition information of a first data acquisition manner, where the data acquisition information indicates an acquisition situation of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video is acquired in advance by the first data acquisition manner.
Here, the first video is a long video or a short video, and the first data acquisition mode is that video data is acquired through a PCDN download component of a peer-to-peer content distribution network. The PCDN downloading component comprises a CDN/PCDN scheduler, a CDN bank and a PCDN bank, when part of video data of a first video is acquired in advance, the PCDN bank in the PCDN downloading component is used for acquiring the video data, if the video data acquisition fails, the information of the failure of the video data acquisition is sent to the CDN/PCDN scheduler, the CDN/PCDN scheduler decides to acquire the video data through the CDN bank according to the received information, and therefore data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode can be generated.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition information includes at least one of a number of network nodes and a node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode, where the number of network nodes and the node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode refer to a number of PCDN nodes and a PCDN node check code when video data is acquired from the PCDN node through a PCDN library in the PCDN download component, and more specifically, the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are key parameters reflecting whether video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node, for example, if the number of PCDN nodes is 0, it indicates that there are no PCDN nodes and video data cannot be acquired through the PCDN library in the PCDN download component, and at this time, in order to ensure that part of video data of the first video can be acquired in advance, video data can be acquired through a CDN download library in the PCDN download component, and record in the data acquisition information that video data is acquired through the PCDN library in the PCDN download component, that is, the PCDN node number is written as 0. Therefore, the number of network nodes and the node check codes related to the first data acquisition mode are recorded in the preloading information, so that whether the video data can be acquired through the first data acquisition mode can be clearly indicated, and the downloading component layer determines the video data acquisition mode of the first video during formal playing according to the preloading information.
In another embodiment, the preloading information further includes, in addition to the data obtaining information of the first data obtaining manner, a downlink speed (e.g., a downlink speed of the PCDN node) related to the first data obtaining manner, a time consumption of a first data packet or a size of a cached video when obtaining a part of video data by the first data obtaining manner, and the like, so as to further help determine whether the video data of the first video can be obtained by the first data obtaining manner.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preload information may be generated by: in response to an acquisition request of the initial play data of the first video, acquiring the initial play data of the first video in a first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by a player in the playing process of the second video, that is, the second video and the first video can be two videos which are successively played. The preloading information may be generated according to an acquisition condition of the start playing data, where the start playing data refers to video data within a period of time from a video start time, for example, a first frame of a second video or video data of first several frames from the first frame, and a size of the acquired start playing data may be determined according to a specific condition (e.g., a current network condition, a size of a playing area buffer, etc.). Because the initial playing data of the next video is obtained in advance in the playing stage of the previous video, the video can be played directly according to the pre-obtained initial playing data when the next video is played, and the first screen loading efficiency and the playing success rate of the next video are guaranteed. In addition, the process of acquiring the start playing data of the first video by the first data acquisition manner may refer to the aforementioned generation process of the data acquisition information of the first data acquisition manner, and for the sake of brevity of the description, detailed description is not repeated here.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a generation process of preload information according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 7, a video B may be preloaded at a playing stage of a video a, and preloading information of the video B may be generated. Specifically, during the playing process of the video a (taking on-demand as an example here), the player sends a request for obtaining the video data of the video a to the download component layer, and the download component layer obtains the starting playing data from the CDN node or the PCDN node in response to the request and submits the starting playing data to the player until the video a is successfully played. After finishing the data caching of the video a, the player may send a request for obtaining part of the video data of the video B to the downloading component layer, and the downloading component layer starts the PCDN downloading component (i.e., the first data obtaining mode) in response to the request, obtains the initial playing data of the video B from the PCDN node through the PCDN downloading library of the PCDN downloading component, and obtains the initial playing data of the video B from the CDN node through the CDN downloading library of the PCDN downloading component if the initial playing data is failed to be obtained. Thereafter, the download component layer may generate the preload information of the video B, where the preload information may be stored in a form of < key, value >, and the stored preload information may include data acquisition information, where the data acquisition information includes a number of network nodes and a node check code, for example, the number of network nodes is the number of PCDN nodes, which may be represented as "< PCDN node number, N >", indicating that there are N PCDN nodes that may provide video data download of the video B, and the node check code is a PCDN check code, which may be represented as "< PCDN present check code, True/False >", indicating whether the pcnode data carries a data check code, True represents carrying, and False represents not carrying. The preload information may further include a downlink parameter of the node, a node overhead of the first data partition, and a video size of the cache, for example, the downlink parameter of the node is a downlink speed of the PCDN node, which may be expressed as "< PCDN downlink speed, M kbps >", which indicates that the downlink speed of the PCDN node is M kbps, the node overhead of the first data partition is a time consumed by the PCDN node to first request a first packet inside the data partition, which may be expressed as "< PCDN first slice latency, T ms >", which indicates that the first packet inside the PCDN node first request data partition is consumed as T ms, and the video size of the cache is a size of the preloaded video B, which may be expressed as "< preload cache size, C KB >", for example, which indicates that the size of the preloaded video B is C KB).
According to the preloading information of the video B shown in fig. 7, it can be quickly and comprehensively known whether to allow the PCDN library of the PCDN download component to acquire video data from the PCDN node, so as to guide the video data acquisition mode of the video B during formal playing according to the preloading information of the video B.
Referring back to fig. 6, at step 602, video data may be acquired using one of a first data acquisition mode and a second data acquisition mode according to data acquisition information.
According to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the video data may be acquired using the first data acquisition mode in a case where both the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition mode exist, and the video data may be acquired using the second data acquisition mode in a case where the number of network nodes and/or the node check code do not exist. Here, the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition mode refer to the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code, and the second data acquisition mode refers to video data acquisition performed by a content delivery network CDN download component. Specifically, since the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are key parameters reflecting whether video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component, if both exist, it indicates that video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component in a very high probability, so that in order to reduce the bandwidth cost of video playing, the PCDN download component can be started (i.e., through the first data acquisition mode) to acquire video data, and when one or both of the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code do not exist, it indicates that the probability of acquiring video data from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component is very low, and in order to guarantee video playing experience, the CDN download component can be started (i.e., through the second data acquisition mode) to acquire video data.
Here, how to determine the manner of acquiring the video data at the formal play stage of the first video may be described with reference to the preloading information generated in fig. 7. For example, if the number of network nodes in the pre-loading information generated in fig. 7 is "< PCDN node number, 2 >", and the node check code is "< PCDN has a check code, True >", it indicates that a PCDN node exists and the PCDN node is available, at this time, the PCDN downloading component may be started, and video data is acquired through the PCDN downloading component (i.e., the first data acquisition mode), so as to save bandwidth; if the number of network nodes in the preloading information generated in fig. 7 is "< PCDN node number, 0 >", or the node check code is "< PCDN with check code, False >", it indicates that there is no PCDN node, or the PCDN node is unavailable, at this time, the video data cannot be obtained through the PCDN library after the PCDN download component is started, and the purpose of saving bandwidth cannot be achieved, and the playing experience of the video is also affected due to the existence of the CDN/PCDN scheduler, so at this time, the CDN download component (i.e., the first CDN data obtaining mode) can be started to obtain the video data, thereby ensuring the video playing experience.
In one embodiment, when the video data is acquired by using the first data acquisition mode, the video data is kept acquired by using the first data acquisition mode to save video playing bandwidth, and when the video data is not acquired by using the first data acquisition mode, the video data is acquired by using the second data acquisition mode to guarantee video playing experience. Specifically, if the preloading information indicates that the video data can be acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component, the PCDN download component is started at the playing stage of the first video, the video data of the first video is acquired through the PCDN download component, and if the video data can be acquired through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component, the PCDN download component is continuously used for acquiring the video data, so that the bandwidth is saved; if the video data cannot be acquired through the PCDN library of the PCDN downloading component at a certain time, the video data are immediately acquired from the CDN node through the CDN library of the PCDN downloading component at this time, in the subsequent video data acquisition process, the PCDN downloading component is closed, and the CDN downloading component is started and used for acquiring the video data, so that the video playing experience is guaranteed.
In another embodiment, the preloaded information may also be updated after the video data is acquired using the second data acquisition mode, illustratively, at least one of the number of network nodes and the node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode may be updated. Specifically, if the preloading information indicates that the video data can be acquired through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component, but the video data cannot be acquired through the PCDN library in the actual video data acquisition process, the video data is immediately acquired through the CDN library of the PCDN download component to ensure video playing experience, and the CDN download component is started to perform subsequent video data acquisition. For example, a user may watch the same video multiple times, that is, video data of the same video may be obtained multiple times, if the preload information of the video is not updated, the available video data obtaining manner indicated in the preload information lags behind the actual situation, and the video data may not be obtained according to the lagged preload information, which affects the video playing experience. Here, the case where the video data cannot be acquired includes, but is not limited to, the absence of a network node corresponding to the first data acquisition mode, and/or the absence of querying of check information related to the first data acquisition mode, for example, in the case where the video data acquisition is performed by the PCDN download component, the case where the video data cannot be acquired may include the absence of a PCDN node, the absence of querying of PCDN check information, or the absence of a PCDN node and the absence of querying of check information of a PCDN, for the case where the PCDN node is absent, the number of PCDN nodes in the preloading information may be updated to 0, and for the case where the check information is not queried, the "< PCDN present check code, True >" in the preloading information may be updated to "< PCDN present check code, False >".
Referring back to fig. 6, in step 603, the acquired video data may be sent to the player.
According to the scheme shown in the embodiment, the acquisition of the video data is guided based on the preloading information of the video, the PCDN downloading component is started (namely, the first data acquisition mode is used) to acquire the video data under the condition that the video data is allowed to be acquired by using the PCDN downloading component, and the bandwidth cost for acquiring the video data from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN downloading component is lower, so that the bandwidth cost for acquiring the video data through the PCDN downloading component can be reduced; under the condition that the video data are not allowed to be acquired by using the PCDN downloading component, the CDN downloading component is started to acquire the video data (namely, by a second data acquisition mode), so that unnecessary PCDN downloading attempts can be avoided, and the video playing experience is guaranteed.
Based on a combination of one or more of the foregoing embodiments, fig. 8 shows a flow of vod control in a specific application scenario.
Referring to fig. 8, a video B is divided into four data blocks, and during playing, a player first plays video data preloaded in a buffer (for example, if the preloaded video data is data block 1, then plays data block 1), and simultaneously requests subsequent video data from a downloading component layer, the downloading component layer reads the preloaded information of the video B after receiving the data request, and determines whether to allow a PCDN downloading component to be started according to data acquisition information "< PCDN node number, N >" and "< PCDN presence check, True/False >" in the preloaded information, and determines to allow the PCDN downloading component to be started to perform PCDN downloading when a PCDN node (i.e., N >0) exists and a PCDN check code exists, and otherwise, starts the CDN downloading component to perform CDN downloading. Here, since the acquisition mode of the video data is determined by the preloading information, the CDN download component can be started to acquire the video data when the PCDN download component is not allowed to be started, thereby avoiding the scheduling overhead of the CDN/PCDN scheduler and ensuring video playing experience. In addition, if the PCDN is successfully downloaded, the video data is continuously downloaded through the PCDN component, if the PCDN is unsuccessfully downloaded, the preloading information of the video B is changed, the PCDN downloading component can be closed, the CDN downloading component is started to download the video data, and the preloading information of the video B is updated.
Video (long video or short video) on demand according to the control flow shown in fig. 8, a PCDN download component in the download component layer can be started to download video under the condition that PCDN download is allowed to reduce bandwidth cost; and under the condition that the PCDN is not allowed to be downloaded, starting a CDN download component in the download component layer to download the video so as to ensure the video playing experience. Compared with the video downloading method only using the PCDN downloading component, the bandwidth cost is kept the same, the first screen loading efficiency and the playing success rate can be improved by 1/1000-5/100, and correspondingly, the per-capita video playing time can be improved by 1/1000-5/1000. Compared with the CDN downloading only by using the CDN downloading component, the bandwidth cost can be greatly reduced and good video playing experience can be ensured simultaneously because the PCDN downloading component is used for downloading the video data.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a video data acquisition apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 9, a video data acquisition apparatus 900 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may include a preload information acquisition unit 901, a video data acquisition unit 902, and a video data transmission unit 903.
The preload information acquisition unit 901 may acquire preload information in response to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, where the video data is video data of a first video, and the preload information includes data acquisition information of a first data acquisition manner, where the data acquisition information indicates an acquisition situation of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video is acquired in advance by the first data acquisition manner.
Here, the first video is a long video or a short video, and the first data acquisition mode is that video data acquisition is performed by a PCDN download component through a point-to-point content distribution network. The PCDN downloading component comprises a CDN/PCDN scheduler, a CDN bank and a PCDN bank, when part of video data of a first video is acquired in advance, the PCDN bank in the PCDN downloading component is used for acquiring the video data, if the video data acquisition fails, the information of the failure of the video data acquisition is sent to the CDN/PCDN scheduler, the CDN/PCDN scheduler decides to acquire the video data through the CDN bank according to the received information, and therefore data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode can be generated.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition information includes at least one of a number of network nodes and a node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode, where the number of network nodes and the node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode refer to a number of PCDN nodes and a PCDN node check code when video data is acquired from the PCDN node through a PCDN library in the PCDN download component, and more specifically, the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are key parameters reflecting whether video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node, for example, if the number of PCDN nodes is 0, it indicates that there are no PCDN nodes and video data cannot be acquired through the PCDN library in the PCDN download component, at this time, in order to ensure that part of the video data of the first video can be acquired in advance, video data can be acquired through the CDN download library in the PCDN download component, and record in the data acquisition information that video data is acquired through the PCDN library in the PCDN download component, that is, the PCDN node number is written as 0. Therefore, the number of network nodes and the node check codes related to the first data acquisition mode are recorded in the preloading information, so that whether the video data can be acquired through the first data acquisition mode can be clearly indicated, and the downloading component layer determines the video data acquisition mode of the first video during formal playing according to the preloading information.
In another embodiment, the preloading information further includes, in addition to the data obtaining information of the first data obtaining manner, a downlink speed (e.g., a downlink speed of the PCDN node) related to the first data obtaining manner, a time consumption of a first data packet or a size of a cached video when obtaining a part of video data by the first data obtaining manner, and the like, so as to further help determine whether the video data of the first video can be obtained by the first data obtaining manner.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preload information may be generated by: in response to an acquisition request of the initial play data of the first video, acquiring the initial play data of the first video in a first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by a player in the playing process of the second video, that is, the second video and the first video can be two videos which are successively played. The preloading information may be generated according to an acquisition condition of the start playing data, where the start playing data refers to video data within a period of time from a video start time, for example, a first frame of a second video or video data of first several frames from the first frame, and a size of the acquired start playing data may be determined according to a specific condition (e.g., a current network condition, a size of a playing area buffer, etc.). Because the initial playing data of the next video is preloaded in the playing stage of the previous video, the video can be directly played according to the preloaded initial playing data when the next video is played, and the first screen loading efficiency and the playing success rate of the next video are guaranteed.
The video data acquisition unit 902 may acquire video data using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the video data acquisition unit 902 may acquire video data using a first data acquisition manner in a case where both the number of network nodes and the node check code exist, and acquire video data using a second data acquisition manner in a case where the number of network nodes and/or the node check code does not exist. Here, the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition mode refer to the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code, and the second data acquisition mode refers to video data acquisition performed by a content delivery network CDN download component. Specifically, since the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are key parameters reflecting whether video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component, if both exist, it indicates that video data was successfully acquired from the PCDN node with a high probability through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component, therefore, to reduce the bandwidth cost of video playing, the video data obtaining unit 902 may activate the PCDN download component (i.e., via the first data obtaining manner) to obtain video data, and when one or both of the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are not present, the probability of acquiring video data from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component is very low, and in order to guarantee the video playing experience, at the moment, the video data obtaining unit 902 may start the CDN download component (i.e., obtain the video data through the second data obtaining manner).
In addition, the video data acquisition unit 902 may further keep acquiring the video data using the first data acquisition mode when the video data is acquired using the first data acquisition mode to save video playing bandwidth, and acquire the video data using the second data acquisition mode when the video data is not acquired using the first data acquisition mode to guarantee video playing experience. Specifically, if the pre-loading information indicates that the video data can be acquired through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component, the video data acquisition unit 902 may start the PCDN download component in the playing stage of the first video, acquire the video data of the first video through the PCDN download component, and continuously use the PCDN download component to acquire the video data if the video data can be acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component, thereby saving bandwidth; if the video data cannot be acquired through the PCDN library of the PCDN downloading component at a certain time, the video data are immediately acquired from the CDN node through the CDN library of the PCDN downloading component, in the subsequent video data acquisition process, the PCDN downloading component is closed, and the CDN downloading component is started and used for acquiring the video data, so that the video playing experience is guaranteed.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the video data acquisition unit 902 may further update the preload information after acquiring the video data using the second data acquisition manner, and the video data acquisition unit 902 may update at least one of the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition manner, for example. Specifically, if the pre-loading information indicates that the video data obtaining unit 902 can obtain video data through the PCDN library of the PCDN download component, but cannot obtain video data through the PCDN library in the process of actually obtaining video data, to ensure video playing experience, immediately obtain video data through the CDN library of the PCDN download component, and start the CDN download component to obtain subsequent video data, in this process, because an actual data obtaining manner changes, the pre-loading information is synchronously updated to correctly guide subsequent video data obtaining. For example, a user may watch the same video multiple times, that is, video data of the same video may be obtained multiple times (the user may watch the same video multiple times), if the pre-loading information of the video is not updated, the available video data obtaining manner indicated in the pre-loading information lags behind the actual situation, and the video data may not be obtained according to the lagged pre-loading information, which affects the video playing experience. Here, the situation that the video data cannot be acquired includes, but is not limited to, absence of a network node corresponding to the first data acquisition mode, and/or absence of query of check information related to the first data acquisition mode, for example, in the case that the first data acquisition mode is video data acquisition by the PCDN download component, the situation that the video data cannot be acquired may include absence of a PCDN node, or absence of query of PCDN check information, or absence of a PCDN node and query of check information of a PCDN, for the case that the PCDN node is absent, the number of PCDN nodes in the preloading information may be updated to 0, and for the case that the check information is absent, "< PCDN present check code in the preloading information, True >" may be updated to "< PCDN present check code, False >" in the preloading information.
The video data transmission unit 903 may transmit the acquired video data to the player.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram of an electronic device 1000 according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 10, the electronic device 1000 includes at least one memory 1001 and at least one processor 1002, the at least one memory 1001 having stored therein a set of computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 1002, perform a video data acquisition method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
By way of example, the electronic device 1000 may be a PC computer, tablet device, personal digital assistant, smartphone, or other device capable of executing the set of instructions described above. The electronic device 1000 need not be a single electronic device, but can be any collection of devices or circuits that can execute the above instructions (or sets of instructions) individually or in combination. The electronic device 1000 may also be part of an integrated control system or system manager, or may be configured as a portable electronic device that interfaces with local or remote (e.g., via wireless transmission).
In the electronic device 1000, the processor 1002 may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a programmable logic device, a special purpose processor system, a microcontroller, or a microprocessor. By way of example, and not limitation, processors may also include analog processors, digital processors, microprocessors, multi-core processors, processor arrays, network processors, and the like.
The processor 1002 may execute instructions or code stored in the memory 1001, wherein the memory 1001 may also store data. The instructions and data may also be transmitted or received over a network via a network interface device, which may employ any known transmission protocol.
The memory 1001 may be integrated with the processor 1002, for example, by having RAM or flash memory disposed within an integrated circuit microprocessor or the like. Further, memory 1001 may include a stand-alone device, such as an external disk drive, storage array, or any other storage device usable by a database system. The memory 1001 and the processor 1002 may be operatively coupled or may communicate with each other, e.g., through I/O ports, network connections, etc., so that the processor 1002 can read files stored in the memory.
In addition, the electronic device 1000 may also include a video display (such as a liquid crystal display) and a user interaction interface (such as a keyboard, mouse, touch input device, etc.). All components of the electronic device 1000 may be connected to each other via a bus and/or a network.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, there may also be provided a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform a video data acquisition method according to the present disclosure. Examples of computer-readable storage media herein include: read-only memory (ROM), random-access programmable read-only memory (PROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), random-access memory (RAM), dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), static random-access memory (SRAM), flash memory, non-volatile memory, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD + R, CD-RW, CD + RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD + R, DVD-RW, DVD + RW, DVD-RAM, BD-ROM, BD-R, BD-R LTH, BD-RE, Blu-ray or compact disc memory, Hard Disk Drive (HDD), solid-state drive (SSD), card-type memory (such as a multimedia card, a Secure Digital (SD) card or a extreme digital (XD) card), magnetic tape, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical data storage device, an optical data storage device, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, a magneto-optical data storage device, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, a magnetic data storage device, a magnetic tape, a magnetic data storage device, a magnetic tape, a magnetic data storage device, a magnetic tape, a magnetic data storage device, a magnetic tape, a magnetic data storage device, A solid state disk, and any other device configured to store and provide a computer program and any associated data, data files, and data structures to a processor or computer in a non-transitory manner such that the processor or computer can execute the computer program. The computer program in the computer-readable storage medium described above can be run in an environment deployed in a computer apparatus, such as a client, a host, a proxy device, a server, and the like, and further, in one example, the computer program and any associated data, data files, and data structures are distributed across a networked computer system such that the computer program and any associated data, data files, and data structures are stored, accessed, and executed in a distributed fashion by one or more processors or computers.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, there may also be provided a computer program product in which instructions are executable by a processor of a computer device to perform a video data acquisition method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
According to the video data acquisition method, the video data acquisition device, the video data acquisition equipment and the video data acquisition medium, part of video data is acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode, and the pre-loading information is generated according to the acquisition condition of the part of video data, so that the video data can be acquired by selectively using the first data acquisition mode or the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information in the pre-loading information.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for video data acquisition, comprising:
responding to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, and acquiring pre-loading information, wherein the video data is video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents an acquisition condition of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video is acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode;
acquiring the video data by using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information;
and sending the acquired video data to the player.
2. The video data acquisition method according to claim 1, wherein the preload information is generated by:
responding to an acquisition request of initial playing data of the first video, and acquiring the initial playing data of the first video in a first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by the player in the playing process of a second video;
and generating the preloading information according to the acquisition condition of the initial playing data.
3. The video data acquisition method of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition information includes at least one of a node check code and a number of network nodes associated with the first data acquisition mode.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said acquiring the video data using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information comprises:
under the condition that both the number of the network nodes and the node check codes exist, the video data are obtained by using the first data obtaining mode;
and under the condition that the number of the network nodes and/or the node check codes do not exist, acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode.
5. The video data acquisition method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises:
and when the video data is acquired by using the first data acquisition mode, keeping acquiring the video data by using the first data acquisition mode.
6. The video data acquisition method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises:
and under the condition that the video data is not acquired by using the first data acquisition mode, acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode.
7. A video data acquisition apparatus, comprising:
a preload information acquisition unit configured to: responding to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, and acquiring pre-loading information, wherein the video data is video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents an acquisition condition of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video is acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode;
a video data acquisition unit configured to: acquiring the video data by using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information;
a video data transmitting unit configured to: and sending the acquired video data to the player.
8. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor;
at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions,
wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the video data acquisition method of any of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the video data acquisition method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer program product comprising computer instructions, characterized in that said computer instructions, when executed by at least one processor, implement the video data acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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