CN115059469A - Pre-pressure relief method for advanced large-diameter drilling of small coal pillar excavation roadway - Google Patents
Pre-pressure relief method for advanced large-diameter drilling of small coal pillar excavation roadway Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pre-pressure relief method for advanced large-diameter drill holes of a small coal pillar excavation roadway, wherein an excavated roadway is arranged on one side of a small coal pillar before the small coal pillar is formed, the width and the trend of the roadway to be excavated are determined on the other side of the small coal pillar, then the range of an impact danger area and the impact danger level of the area on the path of the roadway to be excavated are determined, the excavation of the roadway to be excavated is started, large-diameter drill holes which are vertical to the roadway and penetrate through the small coal pillar, the roadway to be excavated and the solid coal of the impact danger area are constructed in the excavated roadway corresponding to the impact danger area, a plurality of large-diameter drill holes are arranged in a row for pressure relief treatment, the excavation and the large-diameter drill holes are carried out simultaneously, and the construction position of the large-diameter drill holes is kept to be at least 20m all the time, so that the mutual interference between the large-diameter pressure relief drill hole construction of the excavation roadway and the excavation is avoided, the tunneling efficiency of the roadway to be tunneled is improved, and the effect of preventing and controlling the impact danger of the tunneling roadway through advanced pressure pre-relief can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for pre-releasing pressure of a coal mine coal seam tunneling roadway in advance, in particular to a method for pre-releasing pressure of a small coal pillar tunneling roadway in advance by drilling with a large diameter.
Background
The development of coal resources in China gradually turns from east to west and from shallow to deep, the stress of deep coal mining surrounding rock continuously rises, the stress environment of a roadway continuously deteriorates, the impact risk rises, particularly, the driving roadway in a coal seam becomes a frequent area of dynamic disasters such as rock burst, coal and gas outburst and the like, and the safety production and the life safety of personnel in a deep mine are seriously threatened.
In order to reduce the rock burst induced by the coal pillars reserved between the working faces, small coal pillars with the width of 4.0-8.0m are reserved between the underground coal working faces of the coal mine for preventing water and/or gas and the like in a mining area. When the coal face is prepared in sequence, the working face tunnels on two sides of the small coal pillar are basically one tunnel firstly, and the other tunnel on the side of the small coal pillar is excavated after the tunnel is excavated. When the other roadway is tunneled, solid coal is arranged on one side, and small coal pillars are arranged on the other side.
According to the safety requirements of the existing coal mine, the roadway is tunneled in the impact danger area, advance coal body is required to be subjected to pressure pre-relief, and the advanced construction of large-diameter drilling becomes the main pressure pre-relief technology of the roadway for tunneling the coal seam in the impact danger area. The prior process of adopting a large-diameter drill hole to pre-release the pressure of the advanced coal body of the coal seam is as follows: the advanced pre-pressure relief of the excavation roadway is carried out by stopping excavation after the roadway is excavated for a certain distance, constructing a plurality of large-diameter drill holes in the excavation head to the inner part of the coal wall by utilizing a drilling machine to vertically or obliquely cross the coal wall at a small angle, and then excavating, and repeating the process in such a way to realize the pre-pressure relief; in addition, when a roadway is tunneled to pass through a high impact danger area, after the coal seam roadway is tunneled, large-diameter drill holes are constructed in time for pre-pressure relief of two sides of the roadway at a certain distance behind a tunneling head. According to the process, the existing coal seam roadway tunneling and the tunneling head advance large-diameter drilling construction can not be carried out simultaneously, one side is required to stop the other side, and the two sides are carried out alternately; and because the mechanical equipment influences such as a heading machine, a reversed loader, a rubber belt conveyor and the like near the heading head, a drilling machine is difficult to enter, so that the two sides of the roadway behind the heading head are difficult to construct large-diameter drilling holes in time for pressure relief. Therefore, the existing mode not only influences the tunneling efficiency of the coal mine coal seam roadway, but also reduces the impact danger prevention and control effect of the tunneling roadway. Therefore, how to provide a method can achieve a good effect on preventing and controlling the impact danger of a tunneling roadway through advanced pressure pre-relief, and can enable the advanced pressure pre-relief and the tunneling roadway to be carried out simultaneously without mutual influence, so that the tunneling efficiency of the coal seam roadway is improved, and the method is one of research directions of the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the advanced large-diameter drilling pressure pre-relief method for the small coal pillar excavation roadway, which not only has a better effect on prevention and control of the impact danger of the excavation roadway through advanced pressure pre-relief, but also can simultaneously carry out advanced pressure pre-relief and excavation roadway without mutual influence, thereby improving the excavation efficiency of the coal seam roadway.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a pre-pressure relief method for a small coal pillar tunneling roadway through an advanced large-diameter drill hole comprises the following specific steps:
A. one side of a small coal pillar (the small coal pillar is formed by tunneling both sides, and at the moment, the small coal pillar can be formed between two tunnels) is provided with one tunnel tunneling work, the tunnel is used as a tunneled tunnel (the tunneling of the tunnel is carried out by adopting the existing mode), and large-diameter drilling is adopted for carrying out pressure relief on the two sides of the tunneled tunnel in advance and in the rear direction;
B. the method comprises the steps that the width and the trend of a roadway to be excavated are predetermined on the other side of a small coal pillar, the roadway to be excavated is parallel to the excavated roadway, then an impact danger area range and an impact danger level existing on a preset path of the excavated roadway are predicted by using a known impact danger prediction method, and weak, medium and strong impact danger areas are respectively defined;
C. starting to tunnel excavation according to the width and the trend of the tunnel to be excavated determined in the step B, when the distance f between the excavation head of the tunnel to be excavated and the impact danger area range determined in the step B is less than 40m, vertically constructing a first large-diameter drill hole to the tunnel side of the excavated tunnel close to one side of the small coal pillar in the excavated tunnel at the side of the adjacent small coal pillar corresponding to the impact danger area of the tunnel, wherein the large-diameter drill hole sequentially penetrates through the small coal pillar and the tunnel to be excavated to enter the solid coal of the working face to be excavated, continuously performing excavation on the tunnel to be excavated in the construction process of the first large-diameter drill hole, and the depth d of the large-diameter drill hole is calculated according to the following formula;
d＝a+b+c
wherein a is the width of the small coal pillar, m; b is the width of the roadway to be excavated, m; c is the depth of the large-diameter drill hole penetrating into solid coal of a working face to be dug, m is the depth, and c is required to be more than or equal to 2 b; thereby completing the construction of the first large-diameter drill hole;
D. with the continuous tunneling of the roadway to be tunneled, after the construction of the first large-diameter drill hole in the step C is completed, a plurality of large-diameter drill holes are distributed in a row on the roadway side, close to the small coal pillar, of the tunneled roadway after the first large-diameter drill hole, the construction parameters of the large-diameter drill holes are the same, the distance e between the large-diameter drill holes is determined according to the grade of the large-diameter drill holes penetrating through the impact danger area, and the distance e of the large-diameter drill holes penetrating through the weak impact danger area is equal to the distance e 1 The distance through the region of moderate impact risk is e 2 The distance through the high impact hazard zone is e 3 (ii) a And e 1 ＞e 2 ＞e 3 ；
E. In the process of simultaneously carrying out continuous tunneling and advanced large-diameter drilling and pressure pre-relief on the roadway to be tunneled, the distance between the position of each large-diameter drilling and the tunneling head in the construction process always meets the condition that g is more than or equal to 20m, and therefore the tunneling and pressure relief processes of the whole roadway to be tunneled are completed.
Further, the known impact risk prediction method is one or more of a combination index method, a multi-factor mode identification method, a multi-factor coupling analysis method, a shock wave CT inversion method, an electromagnetic radiation method and a mine pressure observation method.
Furthermore, the diameter of each large-diameter drill hole is 100-200 mm, and the distance e 1 Is 3.0m, the spacing e 2 Is 2.0m, pitch e 3 The distance h between all the large-diameter drill holes and the bottom plate of the excavated roadway is 1.0m to 1.5 m.By adopting the parameter setting, the effect of advanced pressure relief can be effectively ensured, and the construction efficiency is effectively improved.
Compared with the prior art, the method comprises the steps of firstly completing roadway excavation on one side of a small coal pillar before the small coal pillar is formed as an excavated roadway according to a conventional mode to serve as an excavated roadway, carrying out coal mining work on the excavated working face, determining the width and the trend of the roadway to be excavated on the other side of the small coal pillar after the excavation is completed, then determining the range of an impact danger area and the impact danger level of the area on the road diameter of the roadway to be excavated by a known prediction method, starting excavation work of the roadway to be excavated, when the distance between the excavation work and the determined impact danger area is less than 40m in the excavation process (large-diameter drilling construction is started in the distance, a better advanced pressure relief effect can be realized), constructing large-diameter drill holes which are vertical to the roadway and penetrate through the small coal pillar, the roadway to be excavated and the solid coal of the working face in the impact danger area, and arranging a plurality of large-diameter drill holes in a row for pressure relief treatment, and the intervals between the respective large-diameter drill holes are determined respectively according to the grades of the respective large-diameter drill holes passing through the impact danger areas, in addition, the tunneling process of the roadway to be tunneled is continuously maintained in the construction process of performing advanced pressure relief on the large-diameter drill hole, and the construction position of the large-diameter drill hole and the tunneling head are always kept at least 20m, so that the mutual interference between the large-diameter pressure-relief drill hole construction of the tunneling tunnel and the tunneling of the tunnel is avoided, the tunneling efficiency of the tunnel to be tunneled is improved, in addition, the method can reduce the moving times and the use time of the drilling machine during the construction of the large-diameter drilling of the excavation tunnel, thereby reducing the engineering cost and having better economic benefit. Therefore, the method has important significance in improving the tunneling efficiency of small coal pillar tunneling roadways in impact danger areas, preventing and controlling the impact danger, reducing the construction cost of large-diameter drilling and ensuring the efficient and safe production of mines.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a major diameter borehole arrangement as the tunnelling head of the present invention approaches an impact hazard zone;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of large diameter boreholes in a roadway of the present invention in a blast hazard zone;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a large diameter bore arrangement in the vertical highwall direction in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following specific steps:
A. completing the tunneling work of a tunnel on one side of the small coal pillar, taking the tunnel as a tunneled tunnel, and adopting large-diameter drilling holes to perform pressure relief on two sides of the tunneled tunnel in advance and in the rear;
B. predetermining the width and the trend of a roadway to be excavated on the other side of the small coal pillar, enabling the roadway to be excavated to be parallel to the excavated roadway, predicting an impact danger area range and an impact danger grade existing on a preset path of the excavated roadway by using a known impact danger prediction method, and respectively demarcating weak, medium and strong impact danger areas;
C. and B, starting roadway excavation according to the width and the trend of the roadway to be excavated determined in the step B, when the distance f between the excavation head of the roadway to be excavated and the impact danger area range determined in the step B is less than 40m, vertically constructing a first large-diameter drill hole to the roadway side of the roadway to be excavated, which is close to one side of the small coal pillar, in the excavated roadway at the side of the adjacent small coal pillar corresponding to the impact danger area of the roadway, wherein the diameter of the first large-diameter drill hole is 150mm, the large-diameter drill hole sequentially penetrates through the small coal pillar and the roadway to be excavated to enter the solid coal of the working face to be excavated, and the distance h between the large-diameter drill hole and the bottom plate of the excavated roadway is 1.3 m. By adopting the parameter setting, the advanced pressure relief effect can be effectively ensured, and the construction efficiency is effectively improved; in the first large-diameter drilling construction process, the roadway to be drilled is continuously tunneled, as shown in fig. 3, the depth d of the large-diameter drilling is calculated according to the following formula;
d＝a+b+c
wherein a is the width of the small coal pillar, m; b is the width of the roadway to be excavated, m; c is the depth of the large-diameter drill hole penetrating into solid coal of a working face to be dug, m is the depth, and c is required to be more than or equal to 2 b; thereby completing the construction of the first large-diameter drill hole;
D. with the continuous tunneling of the roadway to be tunneled, after the construction of the first large-diameter drill hole in the step C is completed, a plurality of large-diameter drill holes are distributed in a row on the roadway side, close to the small coal pillar, of the tunneled roadway after the first large-diameter drill hole, the construction parameters of the large-diameter drill holes are the same, the distance e between the large-diameter drill holes is determined according to the grade of the large-diameter drill holes penetrating through the impact danger area, and the distance e of the large-diameter drill holes penetrating through the weak impact danger area is equal to the distance e 1 A distance e through the medium impact risk zone 2 The distance through the high impact hazard zone is e 3 ；e 1 Is 3.0m, e 2 Is 2.0m, e 3 Is 1.0 m;
E. in the process of simultaneously carrying out continuous tunneling and advanced large-diameter drilling and pressure pre-relief on the roadway to be tunneled, as shown in fig. 2, the distance between the position of each large-diameter drilling hole and the tunneling head in the construction process always meets the condition that g is more than or equal to 20m, and therefore the tunneling and pressure relief processes of the whole roadway to be tunneled are completed.
The known impact risk prediction method is one or more of a combination index method, a multi-factor mode identification method, a multi-factor coupling analysis method, a vibration wave CT inversion method, an electromagnetic radiation method and a mine pressure observation method.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A pre-pressure relief method for a small coal pillar tunneling roadway through an advanced large-diameter drill hole is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
A. completing the tunneling work of a tunnel on one side of the small coal pillar, taking the tunnel as a tunneled tunnel, and adopting large-diameter drilling holes to perform pressure relief on two sides of the tunneled tunnel in advance and in the rear;
B. the method comprises the steps that the width and the trend of a roadway to be excavated are predetermined on the other side of a small coal pillar, the roadway to be excavated is parallel to the excavated roadway, then an impact danger area range and an impact danger level existing on a preset path of the excavated roadway are predicted by using a known impact danger prediction method, and weak, medium and strong impact danger areas are respectively defined;
C. starting to tunnel excavation according to the width and the trend of the tunnel to be excavated determined in the step B, when the distance f between the excavation head of the tunnel to be excavated and the impact danger area range determined in the step B is less than 40m, vertically constructing a first large-diameter drill hole to the tunnel side of the excavated tunnel close to one side of the small coal pillar in the excavated tunnel at the side of the adjacent small coal pillar corresponding to the impact danger area of the tunnel, wherein the large-diameter drill hole sequentially penetrates through the small coal pillar and the tunnel to be excavated to enter the solid coal of the working face to be excavated, continuously performing excavation on the tunnel to be excavated in the construction process of the first large-diameter drill hole, and the depth d of the large-diameter drill hole is calculated according to the following formula;
d＝a+b+c
wherein a is the width of the small coal pillar, m; b is the width of the roadway to be excavated, m; c is the depth of the large-diameter drill hole penetrating into solid coal of a working face to be dug, m is the depth, and c is required to be more than or equal to 2 b; thereby completing the construction of the first large-diameter drill hole;
D. with the continuous tunneling of the roadway to be tunneled, after the construction of the first large-diameter drill hole in the step C is completed, a plurality of large-diameter drill holes are distributed in a row on the roadway side, close to the small coal pillar, of the tunneled roadway after the first large-diameter drill hole, the construction parameters of the large-diameter drill holes are the same, the distance e between the large-diameter drill holes is determined according to the grade of the large-diameter drill holes penetrating through the impact danger area, and the distance e of the large-diameter drill holes penetrating through the weak impact danger area is equal to the distance e 1 A distance e through the medium impact risk zone 2 The distance through the high impact hazard zone is e 3 (ii) a And e 1 ＞e 2 ＞e 3 ；
E. In the process of simultaneously carrying out continuous tunneling and advanced large-diameter drilling and pressure pre-relief on the roadway to be tunneled, the distance between the position of each large-diameter drilling and the tunneling head in the construction process always meets the condition that g is more than or equal to 20m, and therefore the tunneling and pressure relief processes of the whole roadway to be tunneled are completed.
2. The method for predicting the pressure of the advanced large-diameter drill hole in the small coal pillar excavation roadway according to claim 1, wherein the known impact risk prediction method is one or a combination of a comprehensive index method, a multi-factor mode identification method, a multi-factor coupling analysis method, a shock wave CT (computed tomography) inversion method, an electromagnetic radiation method and a mine pressure observation method.
3. The method for pre-releasing the pressure of the advanced large-diameter drill hole of the small coal pillar excavation roadway according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of each large-diameter drill hole is 100-200 mm, and the distance e is between the large-diameter drill holes 1 Is 3.0m, the spacing e 2 Is 2.0m, the spacing e 3 The distance h between all the large-diameter drill holes and the bottom plate of the excavated roadway is 1.0m to 1.5 m.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103939099A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for controlling strong shock risk coal seam group rock burst |
| CN109915140A (en) * | 2019-04-13 | 2019-06-21 | 山东科技大学 | Press control method to a kind of irregular gob-surrounded pillar roadway bump |
| CN110067557A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-30 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of pressure relief method for half-edge coal seam longwall top coal caving ground coal |
| CN113202482A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-03 | 李文科 | Deep mining mine three-soft coal seam roadway tunneling drilling pressure relief method |
| WO2022110615A1 (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-06-02 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Three-level prevention and control method for rock burst roadway |
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- 2022-07-13 CN CN202210818334.4A patent/CN115059469B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103939099A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for controlling strong shock risk coal seam group rock burst |
| CN109915140A (en) * | 2019-04-13 | 2019-06-21 | 山东科技大学 | Press control method to a kind of irregular gob-surrounded pillar roadway bump |
| CN110067557A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-30 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of pressure relief method for half-edge coal seam longwall top coal caving ground coal |
| WO2022110615A1 (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-06-02 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Three-level prevention and control method for rock burst roadway |
| CN113202482A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-03 | 李文科 | Deep mining mine three-soft coal seam roadway tunneling drilling pressure relief method |
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