CN115058681A - Nitriding production process for prolonging service life of die-casting die - Google Patents
Nitriding production process for prolonging service life of die-casting die Download PDFInfo
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- CN115058681A CN115058681A CN202210750498.8A CN202210750498A CN115058681A CN 115058681 A CN115058681 A CN 115058681A CN 202210750498 A CN202210750498 A CN 202210750498A CN 115058681 A CN115058681 A CN 115058681A
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- die
- nitriding
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- sand blasting
- mold
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/04—Treatment of selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of a die-casting die, which comprises the following steps: s1, receiving goods by the mould; s2, cleaning; s3, sand blasting, wherein sand blasting particles are pressurized by sand blasting equipment and then are sprayed on the surface of the mold and the cavity at a high speed through a spray gun port; s4, shot blasting, wherein shot blasting equipment pressurizes shot blasting particles and then sprays the shot blasting particles on the surface of the mold and the cavity at a high speed through a spray gun port to generate uniform and compact pits; s5, seepage prevention, namely coating seepage prevention liquid on the local part of the mould; s6, nitriding, namely nitriding the surface of the die to form a nitrided layer and a non-white layer; and S7, oxidizing, namely performing steam oxidation on the nitrided mould in an oxidation furnace to generate a compact and stable Fe3O4 oxide film with protection on the surface of the mould. Through the mode, the die-casting die has the advantages of fatigue resistance and cracking resistance, is beneficial to demolding and local seepage prevention, improves the surface wear resistance of the die-casting die, avoids early cracking of the die caused by nitriding, and effectively delays the adhesion and melting loss of liquid metal to the surface of the die-casting die material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal material surface treatment, in particular to a nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of a die-casting die.
Background
The die-casting die is an important hot-working die, about 50 percent of aluminum alloy products all over the world are finished by a die-casting process, when the mold is filled in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment for a long time, the inner surface of the mold expands due to rapid temperature rise to form compressive stress, and on the contrary, when the die is opened and cooled under the action of coolant, the surface layer metal shrinks due to the rapid temperature drop to form tensile stress, the tensile stress and the compressive stress are repeatedly and alternately carried out, and heat cracks are formed after the strength of the material is exceeded, namely thermal fatigue cracks, the thermal fatigue cracks cause the failure of the mould after reaching a certain degree, and because the initiation and the propagation of the cracks are both on the surface of the cavity of the mould, the necessary surface strengthening measures are carried out on the die, the service life of the die can be greatly prolonged, the cost is greatly reduced, and in addition, the high-temperature molten metal can also cause the failure of the forms of abrasion, erosion and the like on the surface of the die.
Specifically, the existing surface strengthening technology for the mold includes nitriding, which is usually performed on the entire mold, in the actual use process, different regions in a mold cavity have different requirements, and the different regions have different requirements for hardness and toughness, for example, a weak position and an R corner of the mold have higher requirements for toughness, if the mold is uniformly nitrided in other regions, nitrogen atoms with the same depth are infiltrated, the toughness is reduced, cracking and breaking are easy to occur, the depth of a nitriding layer is generally thinner, a white layer is easy to occur on the surface, and a thermal fatigue crack is easy to occur due to loose structure; the surface hardness is not increased high if the nitriding process is controlled so that no white layer appears.
In addition, the mold may be difficult to release during use.
Based on the defects and shortcomings, the prior art needs to be improved, and a nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of the die-casting die is designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of a die-casting die, improves the fatigue resistance and the crack resistance of the die, is beneficial to demoulding and local seepage prevention, improves the surface wear resistance of the die-casting die, avoids early cracking of the die caused by nitriding, effectively delays the adhesion and melting loss of liquid metal to the surface of a die-casting die material, and improves the erosion resistance of the die.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of the die-casting die comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving and weighing the die, and macroscopically detecting whether the surface of the die is damaged;
s2, cleaning, namely manually cleaning oil stains, rusty spots and sundries on the surface of the mold;
s3, sand blasting, namely placing the cleaned mould in sand blasting equipment, pressurizing sand blasting particles by the sand blasting equipment, and then spraying the sand blasting particles on the surface and the cavity of the mould at a high speed through a spray gun port to thoroughly and deeply clean sundries such as rust spots, aluminum slag and the like remained on the surface of the mould;
s4, shot blasting, namely placing the mold subjected to sand blasting in shot blasting equipment, pressurizing shot blasting particles by the shot blasting equipment, and spraying the pressurized shot blasting particles on the surface of the mold and a cavity through a spray gun port at a high speed to generate uniform and compact pits on the surface of the mold and the cavity;
s5, seepage prevention, namely coating seepage prevention liquid on the local part of the mould, and automatically drying the mould at the weak position and the R corner position of the mould cavity;
s6, nitriding, namely, placing the die in a nitriding furnace, heating the nitriding furnace to 550 ℃, preserving heat, and injecting nitriding gas, namely CO 2 、N 2 And NH 3 The temperature is 540-560 ℃, the time is 1-12 h, the flow is 0.8 liter/h, the mold enters the vigorous stage, the surface of the mold is nitrided to form a nitride layer and a white layer-free layer, the depth of the nitride layer is 0.05-0.3 mm, and the white layer-free layer Fe 2-3 +Fe 4 N (toughness);
and S7, oxidizing, namely placing the nitrided mould in an oxidation furnace, performing steam oxidation at high temperature and high pressure at 550 ℃, and generating a compact and stable Fe3O4 oxide film with protection on the surface of the mould.
Preferably, brown corundum is adopted as the sand blasting particles in S3, the particle size is 70-90 meshes, S110 steel king is adopted as the shot blasting particles in S4, the sand blasting and shot blasting spraying pressure is 0.15-0.65 MPa, the time is not less than 30 minutes, and the mold is arranged on a turntable driven by a servo motor in the sand blasting and shot blasting processes.
Preferably, the spraying angles and the distances from the mold in S3 and S4 are adjusted according to specific products to achieve good processing effects, and manual blasting is used to supplement the positions where the blasting is not ideal.
Preferably, the impermeable liquid in S5 is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 0.25-0.75, and different areas of the mold cavity are matched with the requirements on hardness and toughness.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the sand blasting has the effects of ensuring that the surface of the mold obtains certain cleanliness and different roughness, improving the mechanical property of the surface of the mold, improving the fatigue resistance of the mold, increasing the adhesive force between the surface of the mold and a coating and prolonging the durability of a coating film;
the shot blasting enables the surface of the die and the cavity to generate uniform and compact pits, the surface of the die generates compressive stress, the anti-cracking effect of the die is improved, and the demolding in the die production is facilitated;
impermeable liquid is coated on the local part of the die, such as the weak position and the R angular position of a die cavity, so that the local part is not nitrided or the nitriding depth is controlled, the original toughness of the material is kept, and meanwhile, the hardness and the wear resistance are improved;
the nitrided layer formed by nitriding has high hardness, the surface wear resistance of the die-casting die can be improved, the erosion resistance is improved to a certain extent, the defect of poor toughness of the infiltrated layer is overcome by nitriding of the non-bright layer formed by nitriding, and the die is prevented from early cracking caused by nitriding;
the die-casting die is subjected to oxidation treatment, a compact continuous protective Fe3O4 film is generated on the surface of the die and is in a fish scale shape on the premise of not changing the mechanical properties of raw materials, and the protective oxide film isolates the direct contact between liquid metal and die materials, so that the adhesion and melting loss of the liquid metal to the surface of the die-casting die material can be effectively delayed, and the corrosion resistance of the die is improved.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the invention, and to clearly and unequivocally define the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of the die-casting die comprises the following steps of:
s1, receiving and weighing the die, and macroscopically detecting whether the surface of the die is damaged;
s2, cleaning, namely manually cleaning oil stains, rusty spots and sundries on the surface of the mold;
s3, sand blasting, namely placing the cleaned mould in sand blasting equipment, pressurizing sand blasting particles by the sand blasting equipment, spraying the sand blasting particles on the surface of the mould and a cavity at a high speed through a spray gun port, thoroughly and deeply cleaning sundries such as rusty spots, aluminum slag and the like remained on the surface of the mould, wherein the sand blasting particles are brown corundum, the particle size is 70-90 meshes, the sand blasting spraying pressure is 0.15-0.65 MPa, the time is not less than 30 minutes, the mould is placed on a turntable driven by a servo motor in the sand blasting process, the sand blasting spraying angle and the distance from the mould are adjusted according to specific products, the manual sand blasting is used for supplementing the places with unsatisfactory sand blasting to achieve a good processing effect, and the sand blasting has the effects of ensuring the surface of the mold to obtain certain cleanliness and different roughness, improving the mechanical property of the surface of the mold, improving the fatigue resistance of the mold, increasing the adhesive force between the surface of the mold and a coating and prolonging the durability of a coating film;
s4, shot blasting, namely placing the mold subjected to sand blasting in shot blasting equipment, pressurizing shot blasting particles by the shot blasting equipment, and then spraying the shot blasting particles on the surface of the mold and a cavity of the mold at a high speed through a spray gun port to generate uniform and compact pits on the surface of the mold and the cavity of the mold, wherein the shot blasting particles adopt S110 steel casting, the shot blasting pressure is 0.15-0.65 MPa, the time is not less than 30 minutes, the mold is placed on a turntable driven by a servo motor in the shot blasting process, the shot blasting angle and the distance from the mold are adjusted according to specific products to achieve a good processing effect, the surface of the mold generates compressive stress, the anti-cracking effect of the mold is improved, and the demolding in the mold production is facilitated;
s5, seepage prevention, namely coating seepage prevention liquid on the local part of the mold, automatically drying in the air at the weak position and the R corner position of the mold cavity, so that the local part is not nitrided or the nitriding depth can be controlled, the original toughness of the material is kept, the hardness and the wear resistance are improved at the same time, the seepage prevention liquid and water are diluted according to the proportion of 1: 0.25-0.75, different areas of the mold cavity have different requirements on the hardness and the toughness, the dilution of the seepage prevention liquid is used for controlling the depth of a nitrided layer, and different seepage layers are made at different positions of the mold so as to achieve different mechanical properties;
s6, nitriding, namely, placing the die in a nitriding furnace, heating the nitriding furnace to 550 ℃, preserving heat, and injecting nitriding gas, namely CO 2 、N 2 And NH 3 The temperature is 540-560 ℃, the time is 1-12 h, the flow is 0.8 liter/h, the surface of the die enters the vigorous and vigorous stage, the nitriding layer and the non-white bright layer are formed by nitriding on the surface of the die, the hardness of the nitriding layer is high, the surface wear resistance of the die-casting die can be improved, the erosion resistance is improved to a certain extent, the depth of the nitriding layer is 0.05-0.3 mm, and the non-white bright layer is Fe 2-3 +Fe 4 N (toughness), the nitriding of the bright layer does not exist, the defect of poor toughness of a seeping layer is overcome, and early cracking of the die caused by nitriding is avoided;
s7, oxidizing, namely placing the nitrided die in an oxidizing furnace, performing steam oxidation at high temperature and high pressure at 550 ℃, generating a compact and stable protective Fe3O4 oxidation film on the surface of the die, and performing oxidation treatment on the die-casting die to generate a compact and continuous protective Fe3O4 film on the surface of the die in a fish scale shape on the premise of not changing the mechanical properties of raw materials, wherein the protective oxidation film isolates the direct contact between the liquid metal and the die material, so that the adhesion and melting loss of the liquid metal to the surface of the die-casting die material can be effectively delayed, and the corrosion resistance of the die is improved.
The nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of the die-casting die improves the fatigue resistance and the crack resistance of the die, is beneficial to demolding and local seepage prevention, keeps the original toughness of the material, improves the hardness and the wear resistance, improves the surface wear resistance of the die-casting die, avoids early cracking of the die caused by nitriding, effectively delays the adhesion and the melting loss of liquid metal to the surface of the die-casting die material, and improves the erosion resistance of the die.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an improve nitrogenize production technology in die casting die life-span which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving and weighing the die, and macroscopically detecting whether the surface of the die is damaged;
s2, cleaning, namely manually cleaning oil stains, rusty spots and sundries on the surface of the mold;
s3, sand blasting, namely placing the cleaned mould in sand blasting equipment, pressurizing sand blasting particles by the sand blasting equipment, and then spraying the sand blasting particles on the surface of the mould and a cavity at a high speed through a spray gun port to thoroughly and deeply clean sundries such as rust spots, aluminum slag and the like remained on the surface of the mould;
s4, shot blasting, namely placing the mold subjected to sand blasting into shot blasting equipment, pressurizing shot blasting particles by the shot blasting equipment, and then spraying the shot blasting particles on the surface of the mold and the cavity at a high speed through a spray gun port to generate uniform and compact pits on the surface of the mold and the cavity;
s5, seepage prevention, namely coating seepage prevention liquid on the local part of the mould, and automatically drying the mould at the weak position and the R corner position of the mould cavity;
s6, nitriding, namely, placing the die in a nitriding furnace, heating the nitriding furnace to 550 ℃, preserving heat, and injecting nitriding gas, namely CO 2 、N 2 And NH 3 The temperature is 540-560 ℃, the time is 1-12 h, the flow is 0.8 liter/h, the surface of the die enters the vigorous stage to be nitrided to form a nitrided layer and a white bright layer, the depth of the nitrided layer is 0.05-0.3 mm, and the Fe of the white bright layer is not present 2-3 +Fe 4 N (toughness);
and S7, oxidizing, namely placing the nitrided mould in an oxidation furnace, performing steam oxidation at high temperature and high pressure at 550 ℃, and generating a compact and stable Fe3O4 oxide film with protection on the surface of the mould.
2. The nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of the die-casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in S3, the sand blasting particles adopt brown corundum, the particle size is 70-90 meshes, in S4, the sand blasting particles adopt S110 cast steel king, the sand blasting and shot blasting pressure is 0.15-0.65 MPa, the time is not less than 30 minutes, and the mold is arranged on a turntable driven by a servo motor in the sand blasting and shot blasting processes.
3. The nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of the die-casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spray angle and the distance from the die in the S3 and S4 are adjusted according to specific products so as to achieve good processing effect, and in addition, the manual sand blasting is used for supplementing the places with unsatisfactory sand blasting.
4. The nitriding production process for prolonging the service life of a die-casting die according to claim 1, characterized in that: and diluting the anti-seepage liquid and water in the S5 ratio of 1: 0.25-0.75, and proportioning the hardness and toughness requirements of different areas of the mold cavity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210750498.8A CN115058681A (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Nitriding production process for prolonging service life of die-casting die |
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| CN202210750498.8A CN115058681A (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Nitriding production process for prolonging service life of die-casting die |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116005098A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-04-25 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of hard coating for improving fatigue of guide cylinder of automatic inclinator |
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