CN115045739B - Emission control method, emission control device and emission control system of marine diesel engine - Google Patents
Emission control method, emission control device and emission control system of marine diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides an emission control method of a marine diesel engine for adjusting and controlling exhaust emissions of the marine diesel engine, the emission control method comprising: acquiring a rotating speed signal of a crankshaft of the marine diesel engine; adjusting and outputting an oil injection quantity signal of the marine diesel engine according to the electronic control unit; and according to the rotating speed signal and the oil injection quantity signal, the tail gas of the marine diesel engine is discharged into the aftertreatment system of the marine diesel engine according to a certain proportion under the regulation and control of the electronic control unit. The invention also provides an emission control device and an emission control system of the marine diesel engine, which can meet the emission limit requirement of regulations under the condition that the marine diesel engine has better economy, so that the fuel oil use cost of a user is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of emission control technology of marine diesel engines, and more particularly, to an emission control method of a marine diesel engine, an emission control device of a marine diesel engine, and an emission control system of a marine diesel engine.
Background
This section provides merely background information related to the present disclosure and is not necessarily prior art.
For many years, the development of marine diesel engines has been focused on enhancing the performance of the marine diesel engines, such as economy, reliability and maneuverability, but the marine diesel engines have the problems of high pollution emission and high noise due to low rotation speed, high combustion explosion and the like, and particularly, the exhaust emission of the marine diesel engines is increasingly attracting attention.
The marine diesel engine has the characteristics that: for marine diesel engines, a high-power engine unit is mostly adopted, and the layout on the ship is relatively dispersed, so that the concentrated tail gas purification treatment is difficult to carry out; the occupied space is large, the working condition and the use environment of each marine diesel engine are different, the concentration of the tail gas NOx pollutants generated by different units is different, and a unified tail gas purifying system is difficult to be configured when the engines leave the factory; the tail gas purification system cannot effectively acquire the working condition information of the diesel engine, carries out targeted treatment, and is easy to generate incomplete purification. Meanwhile, the existing ships are put into use, so that the space is limited, and a new tail gas purifying device is difficult to add.
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has established MARPOL convention, which in recent years has established a series of regulations, wherein, since the beginning of year 2000, IMO has implemented stringent NOx emission standards; at month 10 of 2008, the IMO newly revised MARPOL convention rule VI puts forward three stage level limiting requirements on NOx emissions and sulfur content of the fuel used, and sets forth the emission regulations of tier i to tier iii.
In China, the mandatory regulations of GB15097-2016 on emission limits of exhaust pollutants of ships and measuring methods (first and second phases of China) are issued for inland ships in 2016, mandatory requirements different from the international maritime organization are made on emissions of inland ships, hydrocarbon (HC) gas emission, carbon monoxide (CO) gas emission and Particulate Matter (PM) emission are brought into emission control ranges, and meanwhile, the emission requirements on nitrogen oxides (NOx) are stricter. For the marine diesel engine with the existing mechanical fuel system, the emission requirement of NOx+HC of less than or equal to 7.2g/kWh and PM of less than or equal to 0.2g/kWh in one stage of the China inland river can be met. However, with the approach of the two-stage emission requirement of the China inland river, the requirement of NOx plus HC is increased to 5.8g/kWh, and the requirement of PM is increased to 0.12g/kWh, so that the emission requirement is more severe.
The main emissions of diesel engines are PM (particulate matter) and NOx, while CO and HC emissions are lower. The control of the exhaust emission of the diesel engine mainly controls the generation of particulate matters PM and NO, and reduces the direct emission of PM and NOx. The limitation of marine diesel emission is mainly the limitation of nitrogen oxides, sulfides and smoke dust particles.
In the traditional tail gas treatment method, the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology is an effective technical strategy for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in the smoke of the diesel engine, and the application of the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology is very wide. The main technical principle of the SCR technology is as follows: under the condition of oxygen enrichment, ammonia generated by pyrolysis and hydrolysis of urea is used as a reducing agent to perform catalytic reduction reaction with nitrogen oxides under the action of a catalyst, so that the nitrogen oxides are converted into nitrogen and water. The catalyst, which is an important component of the SCR system, will typically be centrally disposed within the SCR system reaction device. However, this method of treating exhaust gas does not fully meet the exhaust emission requirements of marine diesel engines.
The second stage of GB15097-2016 on the limitation of exhaust emission of marine engine and measuring method is implemented in 2021 on 7-1 day, but the prior art means is still to reduce pollutants in exhaust gas by reducing injection pressure and injection advance angle, which results in poor economy of diesel engine, on the other hand, by reducing NOx by reducing injection pressure and injection advance angle, which results in rapid increase of PM and fuel consumption rate, which makes it difficult for diesel engine to make NOx and PM meet the requirement of regulation limit simultaneously, and fuel consumption is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the technical problems of how to meet the emission limit value of exhaust pollutants of a ship engine specified in the second stage GB15097-2016, how to enable the diesel engine to have higher economy under the condition that the diesel engine meets the emission requirement, and to improve the aftertreatment system on a mature diesel engine at lower cost. The aim is achieved by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the present invention, a method for emissions control of a marine diesel engine is presented.
According to the emission control method of the marine diesel engine of the present invention for adjusting and controlling exhaust emissions of the marine diesel engine, the emission control method includes: acquiring a rotating speed signal of a crankshaft of the marine diesel engine; adjusting and outputting an oil injection quantity signal of the marine diesel engine according to the electronic control unit; and according to the rotating speed signal and the oil injection quantity signal, the tail gas of the marine diesel engine is discharged into the aftertreatment system of the marine diesel engine according to a certain proportion under the regulation and control of the electronic control unit.
The emission control method of the marine diesel engine can enable the tail gas emission of the marine diesel engine to meet the emission limit requirement specified in the second stage of GB15097-2016, and has higher economical efficiency; for tail gas treatment of marine diesel engines, a common treatment method for a person skilled in the art is to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gas by reducing injection pressure and injection advance angle after analyzing the combustion process of fuel in a cylinder; in the emission control method of the marine diesel engine, provided by the invention, harmful substances in tail gas are quantitatively controlled according to the rotating speed of the crankshaft and the oil injection quantity, so that the latest standard requirements can be met, the economy is higher, and the technical effect is good; it should be noted that, controlling exhaust emissions by two technical parameters, namely, the rotational speed of the crankshaft and the injection amount, is not easily conceivable by those skilled in the art, because after analyzing the combustion process of the fuel in the cylinder, those skilled in the art have no motivation to directly link the two technical parameters, namely, the rotational speed of the crankshaft and the injection amount, with the emissions in the exhaust.
In addition, the emission control method of the marine diesel engine according to the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the aftertreatment system is configured as a parallel exhaust gas treatment device and an exhaust gas straight pipe, and exhaust gas from the diesel engine is discharged into the exhaust gas reduction device and the exhaust gas straight pipe in a certain proportion under the regulation and control of the electronic control unit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe in a certain proportion through a regulating proportional valve under the regulation and control of the electronic control unit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the opening MAP of the proportional valve is preset according to the rotation speed signal and the fuel injection amount signal, the opening MAP of the proportional valve is adjusted according to the opening MAP under the control of the electronic control unit, and the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe in different proportions under the adjustment and control of the electronic control unit.
In some embodiments of the invention, PID control is established according to the rotation speed signal, the fuel injection quantity signal and the opening degree of the proportional valve; adjusting deviation of a preset opening value and an actual opening value of the proportional valve according to PID control; and setting a preset opening value of the proportional valve according to the opening MAP.
In some embodiments of the invention, exhaust gas is regulated and controlled to be discharged into the aftertreatment system in a proportion based on the monitored pollutant data and the rotational speed signal and the injection quantity signal.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an emission control device for a marine diesel engine, the emission control device comprising: a memory for storing computer program instructions; a processor for executing the computer program instructions stored in the memory to perform the emission control method of a marine diesel engine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
In a third aspect of the present invention, an emissions control system for a marine diesel engine is provided.
An emission control system for a marine diesel engine according to the present invention for adjusting and controlling exhaust emission pollutants of the marine diesel engine, the emission control system comprising: the signal unit is used for acquiring a rotating speed signal of a crankshaft of the marine diesel engine; the electronic control unit is used for adjusting and outputting an oil injection quantity signal; an aftertreatment system for treating the exhaust gas discharged to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gas; and the electronic control unit adjusts and controls the exhaust to be discharged into the aftertreatment system according to the rotating speed signal and the oil injection quantity signal in a certain proportion.
The emission control system of the marine diesel engine according to the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the emission control system of the marine diesel engine further comprises a proportional valve electrically connected to the electronic control unit, the proportional valve for controlling exhaust gas to be discharged into the aftertreatment system in a proportion.
In some embodiments of the invention, the emission control system of the marine diesel engine further comprises an on-line monitoring system for monitoring pollutant data in the exhaust gas and transmitting the monitored electronic data to the electronic control unit.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a flow chart of the emission control method of the marine diesel engine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an operational flow diagram of the emission control system of the marine diesel engine of the present invention;
fig. 3 schematically shows a flow chart for adjusting the opening of a proportional valve of the emission control method of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a structural schematic view of an emission control system of a marine diesel engine of the present invention;
fig. 5 schematically shows an opening degree map of a proportional valve in the emission control system of the marine diesel engine of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order described or illustrated, unless an order of performance is explicitly stated. It should also be appreciated that additional or alternative steps may be used.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "inner," "outer," "lower," "below," "upper," "above," and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" or "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the example term "below … …" may include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
The ECU refers to an electronic control unit, namely, various sensor signals of the diesel engine are collected and calculated, and the calculation result is converted into a control signal to control the work of a controlled object.
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a flowchart of an emission control method of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention, and as illustrated in fig. 1, the emission control method is used for adjusting and controlling exhaust emission pollutants of the marine diesel engine, and includes acquiring a rotational speed signal of a crankshaft of the marine diesel engine; adjusting and outputting an oil injection quantity signal of the marine diesel engine according to the electronic control unit; and according to the rotating speed signal and the oil injection quantity signal, the tail gas of the marine diesel engine is discharged into a post-treatment system of the marine diesel engine according to a certain proportion under the regulation and control of the electronic control unit.
According to the emission control method of the marine diesel engine, provided by the invention, the rotation speed and the oil injection quantity of the marine diesel engine are uniformly controlled by the electronic control unit (namely the ECU) of the marine diesel engine, and finally, the content of pollutants NOx and PM is reduced through tail gas emitted by a post-treatment system of the marine diesel engine, so that the emission requirement specified by a second stage in GB15097 can be met; meanwhile, the tail gas is discharged into the aftertreatment system in a certain proportion under different use condition, so that the cost is saved.
The emission control method of the marine diesel engine provided by the invention does not adopt the 'injection pressure reduction and oil injection advance angle' in the prior art to meet the emission limit value, avoids the conventional design thought of the person in the field, and reduces pollutants in the exhaust gas based on the rotating speed and the oil injection amount of the marine diesel engine, thereby bringing about unexpected technical effects.
The emission control method of the marine diesel engine breaks through the conventional design thinking for reducing emission pollutants in the marine diesel engine in the prior art, and the reason is as follows:
under normal conditions, the combustion of a diesel engine is generally divided into 4 stages, which are sequentially in time sequence: a late stage of ignition, a premixed combustion stage, a diffusion combustion stage and a post combustion stage.
The length of the ignition delay period determines the quantity of diesel oil burnt in the premixed combustion period, and the ignition delay period is long, so that the diesel oil injected in the ignition delay period is concentrated in the premixed combustion period for combustion, so that the pressure rise rate and the heat release rate in the cylinder are obviously increased, and the pressure rise rate and the heat release rate can be corrected through the duration of the ignition delay period.
Existing studies have shown that there is a significant correlation between pressure rise rate and NOx emissions, with large pressure rise rates, NOx emissions will increase and NOx production will occur primarily during premixed combustion and post-combustion periods, with NOx production during premixed combustion being the predominant. Therefore, the length of the ignition delay period determines the amount of NOx produced during the premixed combustion period and has a decisive influence on the NOx production.
In general, the post-combustion period is within a normal range, and the NOx production during the premixed combustion period is most prevalent throughout the combustion process.
In the case where the temperature and pressure are not high in the post-combustion period, the time required for the NOx generation reaction is longer, and NOx is usually discharged out of the cylinder without being generated in the post-combustion period, but if the duration of the post-combustion period is too long, the amount of NOx continuously generated in the post-combustion period will be considerable.
The reaction of NOx formation after the cylinder is discharged cannot be further reacted because the required activation energy is not reached, so the length of the ignition delay period determines the amount of NOx formation in the premixed combustion period and has a decisive influence on the NOx formation.
The crank duration of the ignition delay period and the crank duration of the post-combustion period can substantially reflect the combustion process in the cylinder, so that the heat release rate curve and the in-cylinder pressure can be corrected through the crank duration and the post-combustion period, and feedback adjustment of the estimated cylinder pressure is realized. The in-cylinder pressure fluctuation in the post-combustion period is not large, but reflects the duration of combustion, and since the NOx generation reaction requires a certain time, the length of the post-combustion period determines whether the potential for NOx generation in the premixed combustion period can be fully realized.
NOx production occurs primarily during the premixed combustion and post-combustion periods, with NOx production during the premixed combustion period in turn being the predominant. By analyzing the combustion model of a diesel engine, it is readily found that in the prior art, the person skilled in the art generally uses "reducing injection pressure and injection advance angle" to reduce NOx emissions, which is a necessary choice after deep analysis of the combustion model of a diesel engine.
However, in the emission standards of marine diesel engines, there are strict regulations on the NOx emission content in the exhaust gas and strict regulations on the PM emission content in the exhaust gas; from the analysis of the existing conditions, it is known that the emission content of NOx in the exhaust gas is reduced by only "reducing the injection pressure and the injection advance angle", but the PM and the fuel consumption rate are increased sharply, and the emission requirements specified in the "second stage" in GB15097 cannot be satisfied at the same time.
The emission control method of the marine diesel engine, provided by the invention, is based on the rotating speed and the oil injection quantity of the marine diesel engine, and accurately controls the content of the emissions in the tail gas and the proportion of the emissions entering the aftertreatment system, so that the aim of reducing the content of the pollutants in the tail gas is fulfilled, and meanwhile, the fuel cost is saved, and the emission control method has good economical efficiency.
In some embodiments, the aftertreatment system of the marine diesel engine may include an exhaust gas treatment device and an exhaust gas straight pipe, the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust gas straight pipe being connected in parallel, and an electronic control unit of the aftertreatment system of the marine diesel engine discharging the exhaust gas into the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust gas straight pipe in different proportions by adjusting and controlling the exhaust gas.
The applicant gives out a specific technical means, and by improving the post-treatment system, the tail gas of the diesel engine is partially discharged into the tail gas treatment device, so that the excessive consumption of the post-treatment system is reduced, and the good technical effect of reducing the use cost of the diesel engine is achieved.
In some embodiments, a proportional valve is arranged in the marine diesel engine, and an electronic control unit of the marine diesel engine controls the exhaust gas to be discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe in different proportions by adjusting the opening degree of the proportional valve. By arranging the proportional valve, part of tail gas of the marine diesel engine enters the tail gas treatment device, and the other part enters the exhaust straight pipe; the method can effectively treat pollutants in the tail gas, avoid transitional consumption of the tail gas treatment device, and finally exhaust after converging meets the emission requirement and is discharged into the atmosphere.
In some embodiments, the opening MAP of the proportional valve is preset according to the rotation speed signal and the fuel injection quantity signal, and the electronic control unit of the marine diesel engine adjusts the opening of the proportional valve according to the opening MAP, so that the exhaust gas is controlled to be discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe in different proportions.
The preset opening MAP of the proportional valve is the preferred implementation mode of the emission control method of the marine diesel engine, and an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) of the marine diesel engine searches the opening MAP of the proportional valve through the rotating speed and the oil injection quantity signals, and the proper opening is calibrated at the opening MAP of the proportional valve to control the exhaust quantity entering the aftertreatment system, so that the final exhaust pollutants meet the regulation requirements.
In some embodiments, the rotation speed signal, the fuel injection amount signal and the opening degree of the proportional valve establish PID control to adjust a deviation of an opening degree value of the proportional valve preset according to the opening degree MAP and an actual opening degree value.
The PID control is established between the rotating speed signal, the oil injection quantity signal and the opening of the proportional valve, so that the method is a preferred implementation mode of the emission control method of the marine diesel engine; PID control of fine calibration opening degree, so that deviation between actual opening degree and set opening degree of the proportional valve is within +/-3%; the opening map of the fine calibration proportional valve stabilizes the final value of emission and has consistency within 3 percent, so the emission control method of the marine diesel engine can achieve unexpected technical effects.
In some embodiments, the marine diesel engine further comprises an on-line monitoring system, and the electronic control unit of the marine diesel engine adjusts and controls the exhaust gas to be discharged into the post-treatment system of the marine diesel engine according to the monitored pollutant data, the rotating speed signal and the oil injection quantity signal.
Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a structural schematic view of an emission control system of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention, and as illustrated in fig. 4, the emission control system of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention is used for adjusting and controlling exhaust emission pollutants of a marine diesel engine, and the emission control system includes a signal unit, an electronic control unit and a processing system, where the signal unit is used for acquiring a rotational speed signal of a crankshaft of the marine diesel engine; the electronic control unit regulates and outputs an oil injection quantity signal; the aftertreatment system is used for treating the discharged tail gas to reduce pollutants in the tail gas; the electronic control unit adjusts and controls the exhaust gas to be discharged into the aftertreatment system according to the rotating speed signal and the oil injection quantity signal.
According to the emission control system of the marine diesel engine, provided by the invention, under the control of the electronic control unit (namely ECU) of the marine diesel engine, the tail gas emission of the marine diesel engine is quantitatively controlled through the rotating speed signal and the oil injection quantity signal of the crankshaft, so that the tail gas emission can be optimally treated, and particularly, the tail gas emission is discharged into a post-treatment system according to a certain proportion, so that the purpose of improving the fuel economy of the marine diesel engine under the condition that the final emission meets the national standard requirement is achieved; since the exhaust emissions of the marine diesel engine only partially enter the aftertreatment system without excessive consumption of the aftertreatment system, the exhaust emissions are precisely controlled and the aftertreatment system of the marine diesel engine is protected.
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a flow chart of the emission control system of the marine diesel engine according to the present invention, wherein the post-treatment system includes an exhaust gas treatment device and an exhaust straight pipe, and the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine passes through the proportional valve, and then enters the exhaust gas treatment device partially and enters the exhaust straight pipe partially, as shown in FIG. 2; and the tail gas treated by the tail gas treatment device is converged with the tail gas in the exhaust straight pipe and then discharged into the atmosphere.
The tail gas treatment device can be connected in parallel with the existing post-treatment system of the marine diesel engine, so that the emission control system of the marine diesel engine has wide use value; the marine diesel engine can be modified on the basis of the existing marine diesel engine according to the characteristics of the marine diesel engine, so that a mature post-treatment system of the marine diesel engine can be directly used, and the purchase cost and the modification cost can be reduced.
Fig. 3 schematically shows a flow chart for adjusting the opening of a proportional valve in the emission control method of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, in the emission control method of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention, the opening MAP of the proportional valve is established according to the rotation speed and the injection amount, and the electronic control unit adjusts the opening of the proportional valve according to the opening MAP of the proportional valve, so that the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine can enter the aftertreatment system in different proportions according to different openings of the proportional valve, thereby achieving the purpose of treating the exhaust gas in proportion, and improving the economical efficiency while the exhaust gas emission meets the emission limit of the relevant standard specification.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides an emission control system for a marine diesel engine, comprising: the system comprises a signal unit, an electronic control unit and a post-processing system; the signal unit is used for acquiring a rotating speed signal of a crankshaft of the marine diesel engine, the electronic control unit is used for adjusting and outputting an oil injection quantity signal, and the post-treatment system is used for treating the discharged tail gas so as to reduce pollutants in the tail gas; the electronic control unit adjusts and controls the exhaust gas to be discharged into the aftertreatment system according to the rotating speed signal and the oil injection quantity signal. Wherein, the marine diesel engine is also provided with a proportional valve; the electronic control unit of the marine diesel engine adjusts the opening degree of the proportional valve according to the opening degree MAP, so as to control the exhaust gas to be discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe in different proportions; and the rotating speed signal, the fuel injection quantity signal and the opening of the proportional valve are subjected to PID control so as to adjust the deviation between the opening value of the proportional valve preset according to the opening MAP and the actual opening value.
Fig. 5 schematically illustrates the opening degree MAP of the proportional valve in the emission control system of the marine diesel engine according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the opening degree MAP of the preset proportional valve is correspondingly adjusted according to the continuous change of the rotation speed signal and the fuel injection amount signal, and the electronic control unit of the marine diesel engine adjusts the opening degree of the proportional valve according to the opening degree MAP, so as to control the exhaust gas to be discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe in different proportions.
When the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine is changed from 600r/min to 2000r/min, the oil injection quantity is changed from 0mg/hub to 1000mg/hub, and the opening value of the proportional valve can be easily checked from the table of FIG. 5, so that dynamic adjustment can be further carried out. An Electronic Control Unit (ECU) of the marine diesel engine searches a proportional valve opening MAP through a rotating speed and an oil injection quantity signal, and the proper opening is calibrated on the proportional valve opening MAP to control the exhaust quantity entering the aftertreatment system, so that the final exhaust pollutants meet the regulation requirement. The rotating speed signal, the oil injection quantity signal and the opening degree of the proportional valve can also establish PID control, and the PID control of the precise calibration opening degree can ensure that the deviation between the actual opening degree and the set opening degree is within +/-3 percent; and the opening map of the proportional valve is calibrated finely, so that the final discharge value is stable, and the consistency is within 3%.
The emission control method and the emission control system of the marine diesel engine can meet the emission requirement under the condition that the diesel engine has better economy, so that the fuel oil use cost of a user is greatly reduced, and the post-treatment can be performed by adopting the post-treatment of a mature vehicular diesel engine. The mature post-treatment of the vehicle can be directly used, so that the purchasing cost is lower.
The exhaust pollutant of the marine diesel engine is reduced by improving the post-treatment system for reducing the exhaust pollutant of the diesel engine, so that the marine diesel engine meets the limit value of the China phase of exhaust pollutant emission of the marine engine under the condition of better economy, and particularly, a post-treatment system is added in the exhaust gas to treat the exhaust pollutant such as NOx in part of tail gas; and then, controlling the amount of tail gas entering the aftertreatment system through a proportional valve; and the diesel engine ECU searches the proportional valve opening map through the rotating speed and the oil injection quantity signals, and calibrates the proper opening at the proportional valve opening map to control the quantity of exhaust entering the aftertreatment system, so that the final exhaust pollutants meet the regulation requirement.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An emission control method for a marine diesel engine for regulating and controlling exhaust emissions of the marine diesel engine, the emission control method comprising:
acquiring a rotating speed signal of a crankshaft of the marine diesel engine;
adjusting and outputting an oil injection quantity signal of the marine diesel engine according to the electronic control unit;
presetting an opening MAP of a proportional valve according to the rotating speed signal and the fuel injection quantity signal;
the opening degree of the proportional valve is regulated according to the opening degree MAP under the control of the electronic control unit;
the tail gas of the marine diesel engine is discharged into an aftertreatment system of the marine diesel engine according to a certain proportion under the regulation and control of an electronic control unit;
the post-treatment system is arranged into a tail gas treatment device and an exhaust straight pipe which are connected in parallel, tail gas of the diesel engine is discharged into the tail gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe according to a certain proportion under the regulation and control of the electronic control unit, and the tail gas treated by the tail gas treatment device is converged with the tail gas in the exhaust straight pipe and then discharged into the atmosphere.
2. The emission control method of a marine diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein exhaust gas of the diesel engine is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe in different proportions by adjusting the proportional valve under adjustment and control of the electronic control unit.
3. The emission control method of a marine diesel engine according to claim 2, wherein,
establishing PID control according to the rotating speed signal, the oil injection quantity signal and the opening of the proportional valve;
adjusting deviation of a preset opening value and an actual opening value of the proportional valve according to PID control;
and setting a preset opening value of the proportional valve according to the opening MAP.
4. The emission control method of a marine diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein exhaust gas is regulated and controlled to be discharged into the aftertreatment system in a proportion based on the monitored pollutant data and the rotational speed signal and the fuel injection amount signal.
5. An emission control device for a marine diesel engine, comprising:
a memory for storing computer program instructions;
a processor for executing the computer program instructions stored in the memory to perform the emission control method of a diesel engine according to any one of claims 1-4.
6. An emission control system for a marine diesel engine, characterized in that the emission control system is capable of performing the emission control method of the diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the emission control system comprising,
the signal unit is used for acquiring a rotating speed signal of a crankshaft of the marine diesel engine;
the electronic control unit is used for adjusting and outputting an oil injection quantity signal;
an aftertreatment system for treating the exhaust gas discharged to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gas, the aftertreatment system being configured as a parallel exhaust gas treatment device and an exhaust straight pipe;
the electronic control unit adjusts and controls the exhaust gas to be discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe according to the rotating speed signal and the oil injection quantity signal in a certain proportion;
the emission control system further comprises a proportional valve, the proportional valve is electrically connected with the electronic control unit, the proportional valve is used for controlling tail gas to be discharged into the tail gas treatment device and the exhaust straight pipe in a certain proportion, and the tail gas treated by the tail gas treatment device is discharged into the atmosphere after being converged with the tail gas in the exhaust straight pipe.
7. The emission control system of claim 6, further comprising an on-line monitoring system for monitoring pollutant data in the exhaust gas and transmitting the monitored electronic data to the electronic control unit.
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