CN115045645B - Technology for improving effective reconstruction volume of ultra-deep high Wen Liefeng reservoir - Google Patents
Technology for improving effective reconstruction volume of ultra-deep high Wen Liefeng reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a process for improving effective reconstruction volume of an ultra-deep high-temperature fractured reservoir, and relates to the technical field of ultra-deep high-temperature reservoir fractured reservoir reconstruction. The application comprises the following steps: s101, after a reconstruction section is determined, simulating the bottom hole temperature and the in-seam temperature under the conditions of different displacement and different scale fracturing fluids according to the reservoir temperature of a logging test; s102, determining the use concentration of the portable sand slick water thickener according to a simulated temperature field, under the step, optimizing the use amount of the portable sand slick water thickener, and ensuring that the portable sand slick water has better sand carrying capacity at a certain intra-seam temperature during construction; s103, designing a pre-fluid scale and sand adding amount, wherein the pre-fluid stage utilizes large-scale slick water to make small cracks and open natural cracks. According to the application, the small-particle-size high-strength ceramsite is continuously added in the low-viscosity pre-liquid stage by selecting the portable sand slick water, so that the activated natural cracks are supported, and the improved natural cracks are ensured to have higher diversion capability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of ultra-deep high-temperature oil-gas reservoir fractured reservoir transformation, in particular to a process for improving effective transformation volume of an ultra-deep high-temperature fractured reservoir.
Background
With the continuous expansion of oil and gas exploration and development to deep/ultra-deep layers, under the action of geological structure and compaction, reservoirs are more compact and have higher temperature, natural cracks are generally difficult to develop, so how to realize efficient transformation by the optimized transformation technology is a necessary choice for the benefit exploration and development of deep/ultra-deep reservoirs.
The volume transformation technology is the latest reservoir transformation technology formed under the guidance of modern transformation theory, the core of the technology is to establish a complex fracture network system which is communicated with each other in a target reservoir by means of hydraulic fracturing, the two-wing symmetrical joint formed by the traditional transformation technology is different from the two-wing symmetrical joint formed by the traditional transformation technology, the fracture can be roughly regarded as a plane, the fracture system formed by the volume transformation is of a space three-dimensional structure, and the contact area between an artificial fracture and the reservoir is greatly increased. To realize volume transformation, the effective transformation volume is increased, and the horizontal well segmentation/clustering well completion transformation technology is mostly used.
However, the volume transformation is difficult to realize for the single-layer transformation of the vertical well, and the natural cracks are difficult to develop due to the ultra-deep fractured reservoir, so how to open the natural cracks by activating the natural cracks, and simultaneously pump propping agent to effectively support the opened natural cracks, thereby improving the diversion capacity of the opened natural cracks and becoming a necessary means for improving the effective transformation volume of the ultra-deep high-temperature fractured reservoir.
In the prior art, the following data contents are found through retrieval:
(1) Chinese patent CN110761765a discloses a volumetric fracturing method for activating natural fractures in a large scale. The method adopts acid pretreatment and low-viscosity slickwater pre-joint making, then pumps powder-injection ceramic (70-140 meshes, 140-210 meshes of ceramic grains) to seal main cracks and extend forwards, pumps gel fracturing fluid, improves the discharge capacity to achieve the aim of improving the net pressure in the main cracks, realizes activation of natural cracks communicated with the main cracks, pumps high-viscosity gel sand-carrying fluid to support the main cracks, and improves the transformation volume through the natural cracks communicated with the main cracks;
(2) Chinese patent CN105317415 discloses a method for fracturing a fracture network, which is mainly characterized in that in the early stage of fracturing, fracturing fluid such as slickwater or active water is adopted to squeeze into a stratum, when the bottom hole pressure is higher than the fracturing pressure of the stratum, a main fracture is formed in the stratum near a shaft, and then the slickwater or active water fracturing fluid enters the stratum far from the shaft, and a plurality of fractures are formed in the distant stratum. After the formation forms stable cracks, low-concentration propping agent is added, linear gel or cross-linked gel is used as fracturing fluid to carry high-concentration propping agent in the later stage of fracturing, main cracks near a shaft are filled, sand-carrying fluid of the shaft is displaced into the formation by clear water or slick water, and fracturing construction is finished;
(3) Chinese patent CN110454133 discloses a method for fracturing a near-expansion-distance complex stitch net, which is characterized by comprising three steps, step 1, injecting a first pad fluid: the viscosity of the first front liquid is more than or equal to 50mPa & lts & gt, and the displacement is less than or equal to 3m 3 A/min; step 2, injecting a second pre-solution: the viscosity of the second precursor liquid is less than or equal to 5mPa & lts & gt, and the discharge capacity is more than or equal to 10m 3 A/min; step 3, injecting sand-carrying fluid: firstly, injecting sand-carrying fluid prepared from 70-140 mesh powder pottery; then injecting sand-carrying fluid prepared from 40-70 mesh small ceramsite;
(4) The literature (research on natural fracture opening rules under the action of multistage fracturing induced stress) (in the 2015 st period of petroleum drilling technology) derives a stratum stress distribution calculation model in the fracturing process according to the rock mechanics theory and the stress state of the natural fracture, and obtains the mechanical conditions of opening the natural fracture by tensile fracture and shearing fracture. It is considered that the induced stress generated by multistage fracturing makes the natural fracture opening difficult, the induced stress is increased, the pump pressure required for the natural fracture opening is increased, the induced stress and the pump pressure are in a linear relationship, and the influence of the induced stress is considered in the actual fracturing design.
(5) The method of combining theory and indoor analysis and field experiment is adopted to conduct related research in the literature of feasibility analysis of ultra-deep fractured sandstone gas layer volume fracturing (period 9 of 2013 of the natural gas industry), a block is determined to accord with a sliding stress mechanism through experiments, ground stress modeling and the like, a Moire coulomb rule is applied to analyze and research a natural fracture shearing and cracking mechanism, and quantitative research is conducted on opening and expanding rules of a plurality of natural fractures with different degrees of development. The pressure acting on the natural fracture pores is proved to be in positive correlation with the ground construction pressure, after the pressure increment reaches a critical stress value, the natural fracture is easy to shear and break, the artificial fracture is easy to expand along part of the natural fracture which can be opened, part of the natural fracture which is in a favorable direction cannot be opened, and the sand fracturing of the natural fracture is difficult to carry out without developing a reservoir.
(6) The literature (interaction and influence of hydraulic fracture and natural fracture) (in 2016 years 36 of science, technology and engineering) establishes a hydraulic fracture and natural fracture interaction mechanical model based on fracture mechanics theory, and analyzes the expansion form of the hydraulic fracture in a natural fracture medium system after encountering the natural fracture. It is considered that under the conditions of high-level principal stress difference, high approach angle and high interface friction, hydraulic fracture tends to cross natural fracture; hydraulic fractures are more easily trapped under conditions of low level primary stress differences, low approach angles, and low interfacial friction. At the same time, the higher the net pressure within the hydraulic fracture, the easier the natural fracture opens.
The patent and literature researches show that in the prior art, a great number of measures are taken for the improvement of a fractured reservoir to generate secondary cracks by means of natural cracks, the natural cracks are mainly activated by means of low-mucus bodies, the low-mucus bodies are easier to enter a natural crack system, fluid pressure in the natural cracks is increased to activate the natural cracks, the activation mode comprises shearing and opening activation, and a high-viscosity liquid is adopted for carrying sand to make main cracks in the later stage, so that the supported main cracks are communicated with the earlier-activated natural cracks, a fracture network structure is formed in the reservoir, and the improvement volume is increased.
Analysis of the prior patent and literature discloses that for the transformation of reservoirs containing natural cracks, particularly ultra-deep reservoirs containing natural cracks, the natural cracks are mostly activated by low mucus bodies, and then the main cracks are communicated with the natural cracks by high viscosity liquid sand carrying, so as to form the transformation of a seam network. However, the technology ignores an important aspect, in the process of activating the natural cracks by the low-viscosity liquid, as the currently used low-viscosity liquid does not have sand carrying capacity, the natural cracks which are opened by shearing or opening by stretching cannot be effectively supported by propping agents, the natural cracks are closed after the fracturing liquid is flowback, the diversion capacity is extremely low, and even a large number of closed natural cracks do not have the diversion capacity required by oil gas production. Under the condition, the natural cracks activated by the early low-mucus body are converted into ineffective natural cracks, so that the effective transformation volume is remarkably reduced, a new transformation process technology is urgently needed to be innovated, the effectiveness of the natural cracks started in the ultra-deep high-temperature crack reservoir transformation process is improved, and the effective transformation volume is further increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of insufficient effective volume of the existing ultra-deep high-temperature crack reservoir, the application provides a novel transformation process technology, which optimizes the viscosity of a thickening agent of the portable sand slick water by adopting novel portable sand slick water and matching with the transformation scale requirement of a target layer and the simulation of a temperature field in a well bottom and an artificial crack, ensures the sand carrying stability in a pre-liquid stage, directly pumps the portable sand slick water with a low sand ratio (5-10%) after adding a small amount of non-sand slick water, realizes the activation of the natural crack by the slick water, and simultaneously realizes the effective support after the opening of the natural crack; later pumping alternating-current gel high sand ratio sand carrying fluid to form a main crack and supporting the main crack; finally, the supported and opened complex natural fracture system is communicated by utilizing the main fracture with high diversion capability, so that a fracture system formed by the main fracture with high diversion and the supported natural fracture is formed, the effective reconstruction volume of the ultra-deep high-temperature fractured reservoir can be remarkably improved, and the reconstruction effect is improved.
The application adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purposes, and has the core points that the portable sand slick water is adopted to start low sand ratio continuous sand adding in a front liquid stage, supports opened natural cracks and improves effective reconstruction volume:
the specific scheme is a process for improving effective reconstruction volume of an ultra-deep high-temperature fractured reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
s101, after a reconstruction section is determined, simulating the bottom hole temperature and the in-seam temperature under the conditions of different displacement and different scale fracturing fluids according to the reservoir temperature of a logging test;
s102, determining the use concentration of the portable sand slick water thickener according to a simulated temperature field, under the step, optimizing the use amount of the portable sand slick water thickener, and ensuring that the portable sand slick water has better sand carrying capacity at a certain intra-seam temperature during construction;
s103, designing a pre-fluid scale and a sand adding amount, wherein the pre-fluid stage utilizes large-scale slick water to make small seams and open natural cracks, and simultaneously, a high-strength ceramsite propping agent with low sand ratio and small particle size is added to support the small seams and the open natural cracks;
s104, designing the scale of a gel fracturing fluid and the sand adding amount, wherein the high-temperature-resistant gel fracturing fluid is adopted in the later construction stage, and the high sand ratio construction is performed by 20% -30%, so that a main crack for connecting a shaft and a stratum is formed, and simultaneously, the supported small crack and the natural crack are communicated;
s105, displacement operation, namely determining the dosage of displacement liquid according to the relation of 1 time of the volume of a shaft, stopping adding sand after finishing adding sand according to a reconstruction design scale, carrying out displacement operation, wherein 50% of the displacement liquid is crosslinked gel fracturing liquid, adding a gel breaker in the process, and the remaining 50% of the displacement liquid adopts fracturing liquid base liquid (non-crosslinked fracturing liquid), wherein the gel breaker is not added in the process, pumping 1 time of the displacement liquid of the volume of the shaft, stopping pumping, measuring pressure drop, and opening the well and returning after 1.5-2 hours.
Further, in step S101, determining a deep position in the reforming section, correcting the deep position reservoir temperature in the reforming section according to the reservoir temperature tested by logging, comparing with the tested adjacent well, and finally determining the actual reservoir temperature of the reforming section, wherein the calculation formula of the deep position reservoir temperature in the reforming section is reforming section temperature=logging test temperature+ (depth of deep-logging test temperature point in the reforming section) ×geothermal temperature gradient, and simulating the bottom hole and in-seam temperature ranges under different displacements and different fracturing scales by using Fracpro-PT fracturing simulation software.
Further, in the step S101:
the simulated displacement is 3m3/min, 4m3/min, 5m3/min and 6m3/min in sequence;
the simulated fracturing scale is 300 to 1500 square and is incremented every 300 square.
Further, in the step S102, the portable sand slick water is an elastic sand carrying liquid, when the viscosity is 15mpa & lts & gt, 30-50 mesh ceramsite sand mixing liquid, when the static sand carrying sand ratio is 10%, the water is statically placed for 30min at normal temperature, and only a small amount of sedimentation occurs.
Further, in the step S103, the following steps are included:
firstly pumping and taking non-sand carrying slick water, wherein the total amount of the non-sand carrying slick water is 10% of the total scale of the well reconstruction liquid;
after the distance from the front end edge of the hydraulic fracture is 10%, the temperature in the fracture gradually decreases to about 50% of the reservoir temperature, the portable sand and slickwater sand ratio is designed to be 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%, the liquid scales of the portable sand and slickwater sand ratio are gradually increased to be 35%, 25%, 15%, 10% and 5% of the total scale of the reconstruction liquid, and the propping agent adopts 70-140 mesh high-strength ceramsite.
Further, in the step S104:
firstly, a 40-70 mesh high-strength ceramsite proppant and a 30-50 mesh high-strength ceramsite proppant are optimized, wherein the high-strength ceramsite proppant accounts for 35% and 15% of the total sand adding amount of a modified well respectively;
and then optimizing a guanidine gum cross-linked gel fracturing fluid system according to the reservoir temperature, so that the gel fracturing fluid meets the sand carrying requirement of high sand ratio under the reservoir temperature condition, and the 40-70 mesh and 30-50 mesh ceramsite sand ratios are respectively 20% and 25%, so that high-strength support of the artificial main cracks and the joint positions is ensured, and the step S104 is to select the cross-linked gel fracturing fluid and add a gel breaker in the whole process.
Advantageous effects
1. According to the application, the small-particle-size high-strength ceramsite is continuously added in the low-viscosity pre-liquid stage by selecting the portable sand slick water, so that the activated natural cracks are supported, and the improved natural cracks are ensured to have higher diversion capability.
2. The high-diversion main fracture formed by the cross-linked gel fracturing fluid in the later stage is communicated with the activated and supported natural fracture, so that the effective transformation volume is remarkably improved.
3. The construction process has strong operability, the fracturing transformation forms complex joints, the complex joints are effectively controlled, and the difficulty that the utilization degree of natural cracks is low and the effective transformation volume is insufficient in transformation of an ultra-deep fractured reservoir is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of displacement and temperature change in a second embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is a diagram showing temperature change of sand-carrying fluid in the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a construction graph in a second embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The core of the application is to provide a process for improving the effective volume of the ultra-deep high Wen Liefeng reservoir, which aims at solving the problems of the prior art.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
Example 1
The application provides a process for improving effective reconstruction volume of an ultra-deep high-temperature fractured reservoir, which comprises the following steps of:
s101, after a reconstruction section is determined, simulating the bottom hole temperature and the in-seam temperature under the conditions of different displacement and different scale fracturing fluids according to the reservoir temperature of a logging test;
after determining the reforming section, firstly calculating the temperature of a deep reservoir in the reforming section, and combining the temperature of a well bottom of a logging test, wherein if the point of the logging test temperature is the near area of the reforming section, the deep temperature in the reforming section is calculated according to the ground temperature gradient of the well, and the calculation method is as follows: transformation section temperature = logging test temperature + (depth in transformation section-logging test temperature point depth) x geothermal gradient;
after the reservoir temperature of the transformation section is obtained, the Frappro-PT fracturing simulation software is adopted to simulate the reservoir temperature to be 3m in the discharge volume 3 /min、4m 3 /min、5m 3 /min、6 m3 Under the/min state, modifying the temperature fields in the bottom hole and the seam of the section, simultaneously simulating the liquid scale of the fracturing fluid to be 300-1500 square, gradually increasing the temperature change condition in the bottom hole and the seam every 300 square, setting the ground temperature to be the ambient temperature during local construction when performing simulation calculation, and giving the displacement of 3-6m according to the simulation calculation result 3 Determining the temperature ranges of the front end and other parts of the hydraulic fracture under the conditions that the bottom hole and the in-joint temperature distribution range and the in-joint temperature field distribution are 300-1500 square in the modified liquid scale;
s102, determining the using concentration of the portable sand slickwater thickener according to a simulated temperature field, wherein the temperature resistance of the portable sand slickwater is less than 80 ℃, and the temperature of an ultra-deep high-temperature well reconstruction interval is generally higher than 120 ℃, so that the temperature in a bottom hole and a hydraulic crack in a reservoir in a reconstruction construction process is determined by adding sand to the portable sand slickwater, and the consumption of the thickener required by the portable sand slickwater is determined according to the temperature of the reservoir and the temperature distribution in the crack during reconstruction;
in the step S102, after determining the temperature distribution in the bottom hole and the hydraulic fracture of the reconstruction section during reconstruction construction in the step S101, a portable sand slick water formula system is preferably selected;
the portable sand-carrying slick water is a polymer high-elasticity slick water which is different from a conventional slick water system, the viscosity of the polymer high-elasticity slick water is higher than that of the conventional slick water, the temperature-resistant sand-carrying main capability of the polymer high-elasticity slick water is determined by the difference of polymer thickening agent amount contained in emulsion under normal temperature and normal pressure, the viscosity range of the polymer high-elasticity slick water is 15-45mpa & s, and the liquid in the viscosity range, including slick water and fracturing fluid base fluid, generally does not have static sand carrying capability;
the selected portable sand-carrying slick water is elastic sand carrying, static sand carrying is realized by virtue of high elasticity, 30/50-mesh ceramsite sand mixing liquid is used when the viscosity is 15mpa & s, the static sand carrying sand ratio is 10%, the sand carrying water is statically placed for 30min at normal temperature, only a small amount of sedimentation occurs, and the static sedimentation speed is obviously increased after the temperature is higher than 80 ℃. Optimizing and determining a proper formula of the portable sand slick water in the front liquid stage according to the characteristics of the novel portable sand slick water and the temperature field distribution determined in the first step;
s103, designing a pre-liquid scale and sand adding amount, wherein the pre-liquid stage utilizes large-scale slickwater to make small seams and open natural cracks, and simultaneously, a high-strength ceramsite propping agent with low sand ratio and small particle size is added to support the small seams and open natural cracks;
after the step S101 and the step S102 are combined, the step S103 is combined with the first two steps (the step S101 and the step S102) to determine a reasonable formula of the portable sand slick water, and the step S103 is a pumping process program for optimizing the portable sand slick water;
according to the temperature field distribution in the simulated bottom hole reservoir hydraulic fracture in the step S101 and the step S102, the temperature of a 10% area at the front end of the hydraulic fracture is generally higher than 100 ℃, the area temperature is higher, firstly pumping and pumping water which does not carry sand and has the total amount of 10% of the total scale of the well reconstruction liquid; the main function of the part of slick water is to reduce the temperature of the front edge in the hydraulic fracture;
when the temperature in the crack gradually decreases to about 50% of the reservoir temperature after the crack is 10% away from the front end edge of the hydraulic crack, the portable sand-carrying slickwater sand ratio is designed to be 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%, the liquid scales of the portable sand-carrying slickwater sand ratio are gradually increased to be 35%, 25%, 15%, 10% and 5% of the total scale of the reconstruction liquid, and the propping agent adopts 70-140 mesh high-strength ceramsite, so that the hydraulic crack has stronger compression resistance and can keep certain diversion capacity under the high-stress condition;
the sand adding amount is calculated according to the actual sand adding liquid and sand adding sand ratio, the construction displacement is calculated according to the equipment operation capacity, a pressure-limiting and displacement-limiting operation mode is adopted, the displacement is increased as much as possible, the net pressure in the hydraulic fracture joint is increased, the natural starting aim is achieved, meanwhile, the natural cracks which are started are supported by the high-strength small-particle-size ceramsite carried by the portable sand slick water under the low sand ratio, the natural cracks which are started in the front liquid stage are kept with higher diversion capacity after the construction is finished, and the effective transformation volume is increased;
s104, designing the scale of a gel fracturing fluid and the sand adding amount, wherein the high-temperature-resistant gel fracturing fluid is adopted in the later construction stage, and the high sand ratio construction is performed by 20% -30%, so that a main crack for connecting a shaft and a stratum is formed, and simultaneously, the supported small crack and the natural crack are communicated;
in step S104, a pump injection program is designed in a sand carrying stage of the crosslinked gel, the stage is the reconstruction construction of a main sand adding stage, the main purpose is to utilize the high crack making and sand carrying capacity of the gel, after the natural cracks are opened by the portable sand slick water pressure in step S103, the main crack making of the crosslinked gel fracturing fluid is pumped in the step S104, the crosslinked gel has high viscosity, is difficult to enter the natural cracks, mainly forms the main cracks with a certain width, and has high sand carrying capacity at the same time, and can carry a high sand ratio and large-particle-size propping agent, the required main crack diversion capacity is firstly determined according to the productivity target of a reconstruction well, and then the specific sand ratio and the particle size of the propping agent are determined;
in the production process of an oil-gas well, the closer the oil-gas well is to a shaft in an artificial main crack, the higher the required diversion capacity is, so that the sand adding process of a crosslinked gel fracturing fluid is designed, and the main guiding thought is that firstly, a low sand ratio (10%) and a small-particle-size propping agent (40-70 meshes) are pumped, the sand ratio and the particle size of the propping agent are gradually increased, the steps of the sand ratio increase are 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%, theoretically the required quantity of each step is 40%, 30%, 20% and 10%, and the sand ratio is flexibly adjusted according to the actual conditions of different wells in specific design;
the particle size of propping agent at different stages is respectively 70-100 meshes, 40-70 meshes, 30-50 meshes and 20-40 meshes; under the condition, the diversion capacity of the main crack formed after construction is in step change and is matched with the pressure gradient of fluid in the main crack and the required diversion capacity in the actual production process;
and (3) communicating the natural cracks opened in the second step by the main cracks with high flow conductivity, forming a crack network system of artificial main cracks and natural cracks in the reservoir, wherein the main cracks of the crack system have high flow conductivity, and the activated secondary natural cracks are also supported by propping agents and have certain flow conductivity. The transformation process method greatly improves the effective transformation volume of the ultra-deep high Wen Liefeng reservoir;
s105, displacement operation, namely determining the dosage of displacement fluid according to a relation of 1 time of the volume of a shaft, stopping adding sand after finishing adding sand according to a reconstruction design scale, carrying out displacement operation, wherein 50% of the displacement fluid is crosslinked gel fracturing fluid, adding a gel breaker in the process, and the remaining 50% of the displacement fluid adopts fracturing fluid base fluid, wherein no gel breaker is added in the process, pumping 1 time of the displacement fluid of the volume of the shaft, stopping pumping to measure pressure drop, and opening the well and returning after 1.5-2 hours;
in the step S105, after the main sand adding of the crosslinked gel is completed according to the design in the step S104, the displacement operation is started, and the final pumping construction of the reconstruction construction well is completed;
the displacement operation mainly aims at using a fracturing fluid pump without sand to displace high sand ratio sand-carrying fluid in a shaft to enter a stratum, so that sand-containing fluid is avoided in the shaft, or sand-containing fluid is avoided or less in the shaft after well closing, and the shaft is not blocked due to ceramsite sedimentation after the fluid in the shaft is broken;
meanwhile, the displacement liquid amount is designed reasonably, the displacement cannot occur, so that a propping agent-free supporting seam is formed at the seam of the water crack, the phenomenon of dumpling making occurs, and the output of the transformed oil and gas well is influenced;
therefore, when the displacement liquid amount is designed, the well shaft volume from the well mouth to the perforation position is strictly calculated, and the displacement liquid amount of pumping is controlled according to the volume value. The front 30% of the displacement fluid is designed into a crosslinked gel fracturing fluid, the fluid viscosity of the crosslinked gel fracturing fluid is the same as that of the sand-carrying fluid, the displacement fluid is ensured not to generate a finger-in phenomenon in a shaft, the displacement fluid is uniformly displaced by a piston, and the gel breaker is fully added in the partial displacement fluid pumping process. The 70% of the displacement fluid is displaced by adopting the fracturing fluid base fluid, a gel breaker is not added, the construction displacement is properly regulated according to the construction pressure, and the normal displacement is ensured;
after the pumping of the displacement liquid is completed, the well is reformed to be the whole liquid pumping, and the well is closed and returned according to actual conditions.
Example two
In combination with the process in the first embodiment, the application takes a deep well of a certain oil field in the western part of China as an example when the application is practically applied, the vertical depth of a target layer of a well reconstruction section is 6500m, the well temperature of the target layer is 158 ℃ for logging detection and adjacent comparison, the natural cracks of the reconstruction section are relatively developed, and the crack density is 2.8 cracks/m;
according to the application, step S101, firstly, simulating the temperature field distribution in a well bottom and a hydraulic fracture under different construction displacement, wherein the average temperature condition of the surface of the western mountain area where the well is positioned, and the ground temperature is set to be 10 ℃; according to the predicted construction displacement, the displacement is simulated to be 2-6m 3 In the condition of/min, the lowest temperature of the bottom of the well is reduced to below 40 ℃, and the discharge capacity is 2m 3 When the temperature of the bottom hole is still reduced to below 60 ℃ in the time of/min, the sand carrying fluid can be judged to be difficult to carry out sand removal caused by insufficient temperature resistance at the bottom hole;
in-seam temperature field simulation, construction displacement of 4m is simulated 3 The temperature distribution in the seam is that the temperature of the 10% area of the transverse front end of the hydraulic fracture is higher than 100 ℃, and the temperature of the 15% area of the longitudinal upper part and the lower part of the hydraulic fracture is higher than 100 ℃ (see figures 1 and 2).
In step S102, the amount of pre-liquid is designed based on the temperature field distribution simulated in step S101.
See in particular fig. 3, the actual construction graph.
In step S103, the area A is a pressure test stage before the reconstruction construction of the well, the well selects wellhead equipment with the temperature resistance of 140MPa, and the wellhead pressure test is 120MPa before the reconstruction. The pressure-resistant 140MPa fracturing equipment and wellhead pressure test process and standard are that the wellhead is closed, the lowest displacement pump is used for pumping, the pressure is increased to about 80MPa, and whether the ground high-pressure pipeline and the wellhead are subjected to visible puncture leakage or not is observed;
then the pump is started at the lowest displacement, the pressure is increased to 120MPa, the pump is stopped, and whether the high-pressure manifold and the wellhead are in thorny leakage or not is observed;
then observing a pressure indication curve of the instrument panel for 10min, wherein the pressure drop is less than 5MPa, and the pressure test is qualified;
in FIG. 3, the pressure in the area A is reduced by about 3MPa within 10min, and the pressure test is qualified;
in FIG. 3, the area B is the stage of replacing the liquid, setting and pumping the front hydraulic cracking seam to reduce the temperature in the seam by 1.5m 3 After the displacement is replaced by liquid per minute and setting is carried out, the displacement is increased to 4.5m 3 Pumping for about 10min, wherein the liquid amount in the area B is about 15% of the total liquid amount of the well reconstruction;
according to the simulation result of the step S101, the bottom hole and the inside seam temperature can be reduced to 40-50 ℃, so that a temperature-resistant 70 ℃ portable sand slick water system is optimized, and the portable sand slick water sand adding is implemented in the stage C;
according to the application, the sand adding ratio of the C-stage portable sand slick water is respectively 2.0-2.3%, 4.0-4.3%, 6.0-6.4%, 8.0-8.5% and 10-11%, and the liquid amount scale is respectively about 35%, 25%, 15%, 10% and 5%; the total liquid volume in the C stage is 208.5m 3 The total sand amount is 10.8m < 3 >, and the selected small-particle-size high-strength (pressure-resistant 89 MPa) ceramsite with 70-140 meshes is mainly used for activating natural cracks by using low-viscosity portable sand slick water, and meanwhile, the small-particle-size ceramsite enters the natural cracks and supports the natural cracks, so that the diversion capability of the modified natural cracks is improved, and the modified natural cracks are prevented from becoming ineffective natural cracks after being closed;
step S104, the main sand adding stage of the crosslinked gel fracturing fluid is carried out, the crosslinked gel fracturing fluid with the temperature resistant of 160 ℃ is selected according to the actual temperature condition of a reservoir, the sand ratio is designed to be 10% -25%, the actual construction sand ratio is within the range, the highest sand ratio is 25%, the liquid amount accounts for about 40%, 30%, 20% and 10%, the particle sizes of the high-strength ceramic proppants are respectively 70/100 meshes, 40/70 meshes, 30/50 meshes and 20/40 meshes, the breaker is added in the whole construction process of the C stage, the construction discharge capacity is 5m < 3 >/min, the highest construction pressure is 115MPa, the liquid amount of the stage is 214.8m < 3 >, the actual sand adding is 37.5m < 3 >, and the construction is smooth.
And step S105, namely, displacing a pumping stage after sand adding construction is finished, wherein the stage mainly utilizes a fracturing fluid without sand to displace sand fracturing fluid in a shaft to enter a stratum, so as to avoid sand setting blocking the shaft after the sand fracturing fluid in the shaft breaks gel. Step (a)Stopping packing auger sand feeding after the sand feeding construction of the cross-linked gel is finished, and still pumping cross-linked gel fracturing fluid, wherein the total capacity of a shaft is 36m 3 The liquid amount of the crosslinked gel fracturing fluid in the displacement fluid is 18m 3 Meanwhile, the addition amount of the gel breaker is doubled, the addition of the cross-linking agent is stopped after the gel displacing liquid is pumped, the fracturing liquid base liquid or the portable sand slick water is used as the displacing liquid until the displacing is finished, and a pump stopping pressure curve is acquired according to design requirements after the pump is stopped. Data were collected for post-press analysis.
Therefore, the process for improving the effective reconstruction volume of the ultra-deep high-temperature fractured reservoir is an efficient reconstruction method for improving the effective reconstruction volume of the ultra-deep high-temperature fractured reservoir, and aims to improve the effective reconstruction volume remarkably by continuously adding small-particle-size high-strength ceramsite in a low-viscosity pre-fluid stage through selecting and using portable sand slick water, supporting activated natural cracks, ensuring that the reconstructed natural cracks have higher diversion capacity, and communicating the activated and supported natural cracks by using a high diversion main crack formed by a crosslinked gel fracturing fluid in the later stage.
The application is implemented in the field and compared with adjacent wells, and has better application effect.
By implementing the technology, the BZ9-A well of the Bocumi block of the Tarim oil field is added with sand of 48.3m 3 The test before transformation shows that the oil pressure is 42.6MPa, the gas production is 18.6X104 m < 3 >/d, and no liquid is produced.
After the technology is implemented, the oil nozzle with the diameter of 8mm is tested, the oil pressure is 74.2MPa, and the gas production is 79.3 multiplied by 104m in the folded day 3 And/d, compared with the prior art, the unimpeded flow after the improvement is increased by 4.8 times.
Compared with the adjacent well which has similar reservoir characteristics and is reformed by adopting the conventional sand adding technology, the yield exceeds 1.5 times of that of the adjacent well, and the yield increasing effect is obvious by applying the technology, so that the technology has better practical effect. The technology can obviously improve the transformation effect of the ultra-deep high-temperature fissured reservoir.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the application to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the application are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Claims (1)
1. A process for increasing the effective reforming volume of an ultra-deep high Wen Liefeng reservoir, comprising the steps of:
s101, after a reconstruction section is determined, simulating the bottom hole temperature and the in-seam temperature under the conditions of different displacement and different scale fracturing fluids according to the reservoir temperature of a logging test;
s102, determining the use concentration of the portable sand slickwater thickener according to the simulated temperature field;
s103, designing a pre-liquid scale and sand adding amount, wherein the pre-liquid stage utilizes large-scale slickwater to make small seams and open natural cracks, and simultaneously, a high-strength ceramsite propping agent with low sand ratio and small particle size is added to support the small seams and open natural cracks;
s104, designing the scale of a gel fracturing fluid and the sand adding amount, wherein the high-temperature-resistant gel fracturing fluid is adopted in the later construction stage, and the high sand ratio construction is performed by 20% -30%, so that a main crack for connecting a shaft and a stratum is formed, and simultaneously, the supported small crack and the natural crack are communicated;
s105, displacement operation, namely determining the dosage of displacement fluid according to a relation of 1 time of the volume of a shaft, stopping adding sand after finishing adding sand according to a reconstruction design scale, carrying out displacement operation, wherein 50% of the displacement fluid is crosslinked gel fracturing fluid, adding a gel breaker in the process, and the remaining 50% of the displacement fluid adopts fracturing fluid base fluid, wherein no gel breaker is added in the process, pumping 1 time of the displacement fluid of the volume of the shaft, stopping pumping to measure pressure drop, and opening the well and returning after 1.5-2 hours;
in the step S101, determining a deep position in the reforming section, checking the deep position reservoir temperature in the reforming section according to the reservoir temperature tested by logging, comparing with the tested adjacent wells, and finally determining the actual reservoir temperature in the reforming section, wherein the calculation formula of the deep position reservoir temperature in the reforming section is reforming section temperature=logging test temperature+ (depth of deep-logging test temperature point in the reforming section) ×geothermal temperature gradient, and simulating bottom hole and intra-fracture temperature ranges under different displacement and different fracturing scales by using Fracpro-PT fracturing simulation software;
in the step S101:
simulated rowThe amount is 3m in turn 3 /min、4m 3 /min、5m 3 /min、6m 3 /min；
The simulated fracturing scale is 300 to 1500 square and is incremented every 300 square;
in the step S102, the portable sand slick water is elastic sand carrying, when the viscosity is 15mpa and S, 30-50 mesh ceramsite sand mixing liquid, when the static sand carrying sand ratio is 10%, the water is statically placed for 30min at normal temperature, and only a small amount of sedimentation occurs;
the step S103 includes the following steps:
firstly pumping and taking non-sand carrying slick water, wherein the total amount of the non-sand carrying slick water is 10% of the total scale of the well reconstruction liquid;
after the distance from the front end edge of the hydraulic fracture is 10%, the temperature in the fracture gradually decreases to about 50% of the reservoir temperature, the portable sand and slickwater sand ratio is designed to be 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%, the liquid scales of the portable sand and slickwater sand ratio are gradually increased to be 35%, 25%, 15%, 10% and 5% of the total scale of the reconstruction liquid, and the propping agent adopts 70-140 mesh high-strength ceramsite;
in the step S104:
firstly, a 40-70 mesh high-strength ceramsite proppant and a 30-50 mesh high-strength ceramsite proppant are optimized, wherein the high-strength ceramsite proppant accounts for 35% and 15% of the total sand adding amount of a modified well respectively;
and then optimizing a gel fracturing fluid system of guanidine gum crosslinking according to the reservoir temperature to ensure that the gel fracturing fluid meets the requirement of carrying sand with high sand ratio under the reservoir temperature condition, wherein the sand ratio of 40-70 meshes and 30-50 meshes of ceramsite is 20% and 25% respectively.
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