CN115041680A

CN115041680A - Method for integrating preparation and forming of metal-based composite material

Info

Publication number: CN115041680A
Application number: CN202210695569.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱锦文; 余剑飞; 欧艳; 肖逸锋; 李冰阳; 吴靓; 张乾坤
Original assignee: Xiangtan University
Current assignee: Xiangtan University
Priority date: 2022-06-16
Filing date: 2022-06-16
Publication date: 2022-09-13

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for integrating preparation and molding of a metal matrix composite, which adopts a self-designed preparation and molding integrated die and controls the organization and the performance of parts together by regulating and controlling technological parameters of rotary friction extrusion and an auxiliary heat source based on a rotary friction extrusion method. The technology can enhance the matrix performance by the reinforcement body and complete the molding of the composite material, breaks through the prior method of preparing the composite material and then molding, and avoids the damage to the crystal structure and the introduction of defects in the molding process of the material.

Description

Method for integrating preparation and forming of metal-based composite material

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the field of composite material preparation and molding, in particular to a method for integrating preparation and molding of a metal matrix composite material.

Background art:

the composite material is a multiphase solid material formed by combining two or more substances with different physical and chemical properties. The composite material not only keeps the advantages of the properties of the materials of all the components, but also can obtain the comprehensive properties which cannot be achieved by a single composition material through the complementation and the correlation of the properties of all the components, thereby expanding the application range of the material. The composite material has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, convenient processing and forming, excellent elasticity, chemical corrosion resistance, good weather resistance and the like, gradually replaces wood and metal alloy, is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles, electronics and electrical, buildings, body-building equipment and the like, and is developed rapidly in recent years.

The prior metal matrix composite manufacturing process has the problems of high processing temperature, performance fluctuation, high cost, compatibility between metal and a reinforcement in the metal matrix composite in the manufacturing process and the like. In the preparation of composite materials, very high processing temperatures are required in order to ensure the wettability and flowability of the matrix. However, high temperatures tend to cause damage to the reinforcement. The matrix of most metal matrix composites has poor wettability to the reinforcing material, and sometimes no wetting occurs at all. However, the spin friction extrusion technique is a new alloying technique, which has been developed technically based on friction stir welding. The processing temperature of the method does not reach the melting temperature of the material, so that the reinforcing material is prevented from being damaged in a high-temperature environment. The processing process is rotary, so that the processing area is stirred, and the fluidity of the material is enhanced. And because the extrusion molding is adopted, the material has fine crystal grains and excellent structure performance. There are many forming methods for metal-based materials, such as hand lay-up forming process, RTM forming technique, compression molding and laminating process, etc., and each forming method has its own advantages and disadvantages. At present, how to overcome the problems of the manufacturing and forming process of the metal matrix composite material is a main problem for realizing the wide application of the metal matrix composite material.

The preparation and forming technology of the composite material are key problems influencing the rapid development and wide application of the metal matrix composite material. At present, researchers at home and abroad mainly focus on developing an effective manufacturing method or a forming method for composite materials, but research on integration of preparation and forming of the composite materials is few. The preparation and forming integrated technology of the composite material breaks through the traditional method of firstly preparing the composite material and then carrying out forming processing, avoids the damage to the crystal structure and the introduction of defects of the composite material in the subsequent forming process, and simultaneously, the integrated concept can also simplify the operation process and reduce the operation cost, and the wide application of the composite material is easier to realize. The invention adopts a self-made die and a rotary friction extrusion method to realize the integration of the preparation and the molding of the metal matrix composite material.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention adopts a self-designed preparation and forming integrated die, and controls the organization and the performance of parts together by regulating and controlling the technological parameters of the rotary friction extrusion and an auxiliary heat source based on a rotary friction extrusion method.

The invention relates to a method for integrating preparation and molding of a metal-based composite material, which comprises the following steps:

(1) a base material matrix sleeve is designed according to the content of the reinforcement to be added, and the surface of the base material matrix sleeve is cleaned to remove impurities such as oxidation films and oil stains.

(2) Drying the reinforcing body, filling the reinforcing body into a matrix sleeve, compacting, and sealing the matrix sleeve.

(3) The self-designed preparation and forming integrated die and the subsequent sealed end face are used as the base body sleeve of the processing surface and fixed on a machine tool, the temperature of a heating device on the die is controlled within a proper temperature range, and the preparation and forming integrated process of the metal matrix composite is realized by adopting a rotary friction extrusion method.

(4) And taking the part out of the die, and then carrying out mechanical processing such as cutting, grinding and the like to obtain the metal part with good structure and performance.

The preparation and forming integrated method is characterized in that the base material base body sleeve is formed by a plurality of blind hole cylinders which have the same length, different inner diameters and different outer diameters and share a closed end face and have the same central axis;

the preparation and forming integrated method is characterized in that the sealing treatment is realized by adopting a friction welding method.

The heating device is an electromagnetic induction heating coil and is used for keeping the material in a sticky and plastic state in the forming process.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1) the method realizes the integration of preparation and molding, breaks through the prior method of preparing the composite material and then molding, and avoids the damage and defect introduction of the composite material to the crystal structure in the subsequent molding process.

2) The method has the effect of stirring a processing area due to rotary extrusion, so that the reinforcement and the matrix can be uniformly mixed, and the segregation and agglomeration phenomena caused by the increase of the content of the reinforcement in the common composite material are overcome.

3) The method is simple to operate and low in cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the integration of the preparation and molding of a metal matrix composite material of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly show the manufacturing advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

In this example, 5038 aluminum alloy was used as the matrix material, and Ni powder was used as the reinforcement.

The reinforcement is a matrix sleeve which is formed by adopting 5083 aluminum alloy with the length of 100mm and the hole depth of 70mm, one aluminum alloy with the inner diameter of 10mm and the outer diameter of 16mm, the other aluminum alloy with the inner diameter of 2mm and the outer diameter of 9mm and sharing a blind hole cylinder with the same central shaft and a closed end face, and the volume fraction of the reinforcement is 5 percent. The surface of the glass is polished by sand paper, and is ultrasonically cleaned by acetone to remove impurities such as oxide film, oil stain and the like, and finally, drying treatment is carried out.

Drying Ni powder by using a drying oven, filling the dried Ni powder into a base body sleeve, compacting, then performing friction welding on the base body sleeve and another 5083 aluminum alloy at the rotation speed of 750rpm, the pressing speed of 20mm/min and the pressing amount of 1mm, sealing an opening at the port of the base body sleeve, polishing off the curled edge of the port by using a grinding wheel, and then polishing the edge clean by using abrasive paper.

The self-designed preparation and forming integrated die and the subsequent sealed end face are used as a base body sleeve of a processing surface and fixed on a machine tool, the temperature of a heating device on the die is controlled to be 380-450 ℃, and the preparation and forming of the metal matrix composite material are realized by adopting a method of rotating friction extrusion at the rotating speed of 600rpm and the pressing speed of 15 mm/min.

And taking the part out of the die, cutting off the processing port of the part in a linear cutting mode, and polishing the surface of the part by using abrasive paper.

Claims

1. A method for preparing and molding a metal matrix composite material integrally comprises the following steps:

(1) designing a base material matrix sleeve according to the content of the reinforcement to be added, and cleaning the surface of the base material matrix sleeve to remove impurities such as an oxidation film, oil stains and the like;

(2) drying the reinforcement, filling the reinforcement into a matrix sleeve, compacting the reinforcement, and sealing the matrix sleeve;

(3) fixing a self-designed preparation and forming integrated die and a base sleeve of a subsequent seal on a machine tool, wherein the end face of the subsequent seal is used as a processing surface, controlling the temperature of a heating device on the die within a proper temperature range, and realizing the preparation and forming integrated process of the metal matrix composite by adopting a rotary friction extrusion method;

2. The integrated manufacturing and shaping method according to claim 1, wherein the base material base sleeve is a base sleeve formed by a plurality of concentric blind holes cylinders having the same length, different inner and outer diameters, and sharing a closed end surface.

3. The integrated manufacturing and molding method according to claim 1, wherein the sealing process is performed by friction welding.

4. The integrated preparation and shaping method according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is an electromagnetic induction heating coil, and functions to maintain the material in a visco-plastic state during shaping.