CN115036704B - Dual-frequency dual-polarized high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna - Google Patents
Dual-frequency dual-polarized high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN115036704B CN115036704B CN202210769273.7A CN202210769273A CN115036704B CN 115036704 B CN115036704 B CN 115036704B CN 202210769273 A CN202210769273 A CN 202210769273A CN 115036704 B CN115036704 B CN 115036704B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract
The invention provides a dual-frequency dual-polarized high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna, which comprises two frequency selection surfaces and a feed source, wherein the two frequency selection surfaces and the feed source are arranged in parallel from top to bottom and are not contacted with each other; the upper surface and the lower surface of a third medium substrate in the feed source are respectively printed with a metal floor and two orthogonal gradient microstrip feed lines, a rectangular gap is respectively etched at the position of the metal floor, which is positioned at the two gradient microstrip feed lines, and a parasitic radiator is arranged above each rectangular gap. The two frequency selection surfaces can realize the free adjustment of two mutually independent working frequency bands, so that the communication capacity of the antenna is improved, and the lower surface of the third medium substrate is printed with two mutually orthogonal gradual microstrip feeder lines, so that the dual polarization characteristic of the antenna can be realized; an air band gap exists between the parasitic patch in the parasitic radiator arranged above the two gradual change microstrip feeder lines and the metal floor, so that surface wave excitation can be well restrained, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, relates to a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna, and in particular relates to a dual-frequency dual-polarized high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna which can be used for a base station antenna communication system.
Background
The uplink signal and the downlink signal in the base station antenna communication generally adopt the same path, and if a pair of antennas with the same frequency band and the same polarization are adopted as the receiving and transmitting antennas, signal interference can not be avoided. Therefore, in base station antenna communication, two high-gain antennas with different frequency bands and different polarizations are generally selected as the transmitting and receiving antennas.
The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna consists of a feed source with a metal floor and a partial reflecting surface. The partial reflecting surface and the floor form a resonant cavity due to the air band gap, when the distance between the partial reflecting surface and the floor meets the value required by the resonance condition, one part of electromagnetic waves radiated from the feed source antenna is transmitted outwards through the partial reflecting surface, the other part of electromagnetic waves continue to be reflected in the resonant cavity, and the electromagnetic waves subjected to multiple reflections are superposed on the outer surface of the partial reflecting surface in the same phase, so that the gain of the antenna unit is improved.
Compared with a single polarized Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna, the dual polarized Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna has stronger signal anti-interference capability and is more advantageous in a base station antenna communication system. Most of the existing dual-polarized fabry-perot resonant cavity antennas are single-frequency-band antennas. For example, mengYao Mi, shenQiang Zhang, baoHua Sun in the paper "A dual polarized fabry-perot cavity antenna with high gain" published at the conference IEEE Sixth Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation,2018, a dual polarized high gain Fabry-Perot cavity antenna operating at 60GHz was proposed. The feed source is an antenna with a cross slot, and a circular patch is etched on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate to be used as a partial reflection surface, so that the gain of the antenna is ensured. However, the working frequency band of the antenna is single, so that the communication capacity is low, and the antenna is not suitable for the communication of the base station antenna to work in different frequency bands.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a dual-frequency dual-polarization high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna with a double-layer FSS structure, which is used for solving the technical problem of single working frequency band in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a realize dual-french dual polarized's high gain fabry-perot resonant cavity antenna, includes first frequency selective surface 1, second frequency selective surface 2 and feed 3 that top-down parallel arrangement and each other do not contact that supports through the medium support piece, wherein:
the first frequency selective surface 1 comprises a first dielectric substrate 11 and M multiplied by M first partial reflecting surface units 12 which are printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate and are periodically arranged, and the first partial reflecting surface units 12 adopt square patch structures with notches etched on four sides and four corners;
the second frequency selective surface 2 comprises a second dielectric substrate 21 and M×M second partial reflecting surface units 22 which are printed on the upper surface and are periodically arranged, and the second partial reflecting surface units 22 adopt a square patch structure etched with square annular gaps;
the feed source 3 comprises a third dielectric substrate 31, a metal floor 32 printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 31, and a first gradual change microstrip feeder 33 and a second gradual change microstrip feeder 34 which are orthogonal to each other and the lower surface of which is used for realizing dual polarization characteristics, a first rectangular gap 321 and a second rectangular gap 322 are etched on the metal floor 32 at positions corresponding to the first gradual change microstrip feeder 33 and the second gradual change microstrip feeder 34, a first parasitic radiator 35 and a second parasitic radiator 36 which are supported by a dielectric support are respectively arranged above the first rectangular gap 321 and the second rectangular gap 322, and the first parasitic radiator 35 and the second parasitic radiator 36 both comprise a radiating dielectric substrate and square parasitic patches printed on the lower surface of the radiating dielectric substrate.
The above-mentioned high-gain fabry-perot resonant cavity antenna for realizing dual-frequency dual polarization, the shape of the notch etched on four sides of the first partial reflecting surface unit 12 is rectangular, and the connecting line of the midpoint of the short side of the rectangle is positioned on the middle split line of the opposite side of the first partial reflecting surface unit 12; the shape of the four-corner etched notch is square.
The two diagonal lines of the square annular slit etched on the second partially reflecting surface unit 22 coincide with the two diagonal lines corresponding to the second partially reflecting surface unit 22.
The first rectangular slot 321 and the second rectangular slot 322 are respectively orthogonal to the first gradual change microstrip feeder line 33 and the second gradual change microstrip feeder line 34.
In the above-mentioned high-gain fabry-perot resonant cavity antenna for implementing dual-frequency dual polarization, the first parasitic radiator 35 and the second parasitic radiator 36 include a radiation dielectric substrate parallel to the third dielectric substrate 31, and two diagonal lines of the radiation dielectric substrate coincide with two diagonal lines of the square parasitic patch printed thereon.
In the above-mentioned high-gain fabry-perot resonant cavity antenna for implementing dual-frequency dual polarization, the intersection point of the first rectangular slot 321 and the first graded microstrip feeder 33 in space is located on the central normal line of the square parasitic patch above the first parasitic radiator 35, and the intersection point of the second rectangular slot 322 and the second graded microstrip feeder 34 in space is located on the central normal line of the square parasitic patch above the second parasitic radiator 36.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention comprises two frequency selection surfaces supported by the medium support piece, the two frequency selection surfaces can realize the free adjustment of two mutually independent working frequency bands, the defect of single working frequency band in the prior art is avoided, and the communication capacity of the antenna is effectively improved on the premise of ensuring the anti-interference capability.
2. According to the invention, the two mutually orthogonal graded microstrip feeder lines are printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate, so that the dual polarization characteristic of the antenna can be realized; the parasitic radiators supported by the medium supporting pieces are respectively arranged above the two gradual change microstrip feeder lines, and an air band gap exists between the parasitic patches on the parasitic radiators and the metal floor, so that surface wave excitation can be well restrained, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first partially reflecting surface unit structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second partially reflective surface unit structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the relationship of the graded microstrip feed line, rectangular slot and parasitic radiator of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of a simulation of the magnitude of the reflection coefficient in the C-band of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of a simulation of the magnitude of the reflection coefficient in the X-band of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a radiation pattern in the E and H planes of the C band of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a radiation pattern in the E-plane and H-plane of the X-band of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing gain versus frequency in the C-band for the present invention;
fig. 10 is a graph showing gain versus frequency in the X-band for the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1: the invention comprises a first frequency selective surface 1, a second frequency selective surface 2 and a feed source 3 which are supported by a medium support and are arranged in parallel from top to bottom and are not contacted with each other, wherein:
the first frequency selective surface 1 comprises a first dielectric substrate 11 and m×m first partial reflecting surface units 12 printed on the upper surface and periodically arranged, the first partial reflecting surface units 12 are structured as shown in fig. 2, and a square patch structure with four edges and four corners etched with notches is adopted, and as the four edges and four corners of the square patch are etched with notches, electromagnetic waves can be reflected on a C-band, and bandpass is realized on an X-band.
The second frequency selective surface 2 includes a second dielectric substrate 21 and m×m second partial reflection surface units 22 printed on the upper surface and periodically arranged, where the second partial reflection surface units 22 have a structure as shown in fig. 3, and a square patch structure with square annular gaps etched is adopted, and the square patch is internally etched with square annular gaps, so that electromagnetic waves can achieve bandpass on the C-band; reflection is realized on the X wave band, a resonant cavity is formed between the first frequency selection surface 1 and the second frequency selection surface 2 and the metal floor 32 respectively, so that electromagnetic waves are continuously reflected in the cavity, and finally, the radiation waves of the feed source 3 are superimposed in the same direction to improve the gain of the antenna.
The feed source 3 comprises a third dielectric substrate 31, a metal floor 32 printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 31, a first gradient microstrip feed line 33 and a second gradient microstrip feed line 34 which are orthogonal to each other and are used for realizing dual polarization characteristics on the lower surface, a first rectangular gap 321 and a second rectangular gap 322 are etched on the metal floor 32 at positions corresponding to the first gradient microstrip feed line 33 and the second gradient microstrip feed line 34, and the two mutually orthogonal gaps provide relatively stable electromagnetic wave radiation with dual polarization for the fabry-perot resonant antenna; the first parasitic radiator 35 and the second parasitic radiator 36 supported by the dielectric support are respectively arranged above the first rectangular gap 321 and the second rectangular gap 322, the first parasitic radiator 35 and the second parasitic radiator 36 respectively comprise a radiating dielectric substrate and square parasitic patches printed on the lower surfaces of the radiating dielectric substrate, and an air band gap exists between the parasitic patches on the parasitic radiator and the metal floor so as to inhibit surface wave excitation of the antenna.
The first dielectric substrate 11, the second dielectric substrate 21 and the third dielectric substrate are square plates with the side length of 125mm, the thickness of 0.8mm and the relative dielectric constant of 2.2, and the distance between the first frequency selection surface 1 and the metal floor 31 is 28mm; the radiating dielectric substrates included in the first parasitic radiator 35 and the second parasitic radiator 36 are square plates with a thickness of 1mm and a relative dielectric constant of 2.2, the distance between the first parasitic radiator 35 and the metal floor 31 is 4.9mm, and the distance between the second parasitic radiator 36 and the metal floor 31 is 2.9mm.
Referring to fig. 2, the arrangement period of the first partial reflection surface unit 12 is 15mm, the side length L of the square patch is 11mm, the shape of the notch etched on four sides thereof is rectangular, and the line connecting the midpoints of the short sides of the rectangle is located on the middle line of the opposite sides of the first partial reflection surface unit 12, the long side length s of the rectangle is 4.3mm, and the short side length w is 2mm; the shape of the four-corner etched notch is square, and the side length a of the square is 1mm.
Referring to fig. 3, the second partial reflection surface unit 22 has an arrangement period of 15mm, two diagonal lines of the square annular slit etched thereon coincide with two diagonal lines corresponding to the second partial reflection surface unit 22, the outer diameter side length P of the square annular slit is 14mm, and the width b of the slit is 2.5mm.
Referring to fig. 4, the first rectangular slot 321 and the second rectangular slot 322 are orthogonal to the first gradual change microstrip feed line 33 and the second gradual change microstrip feed line 34, respectively, the length of the wide microstrip feed line of the first gradual change microstrip feed line 33 is 35.5mm, the width is 4.4mm, the length of the narrow microstrip feed line is 22.78mm, the width is 0.88mm, the length of the wide microstrip feed line of the second gradual change microstrip feed line 34 is 37.5mm, the width is 2.9mm, the length of the narrow microstrip feed line is 13.4mm, and the width is 0.52mm;
a first parasitic radiator 35 and a second parasitic radiator 36, wherein the radiation dielectric substrate contained in the first parasitic radiator 35 is parallel to the third dielectric substrate 31, two diagonal lines of the radiation dielectric substrate are overlapped with two diagonal lines of the square parasitic patch printed on the radiation dielectric substrate, the side length of the parasitic dielectric substrate contained in the first parasitic radiator 35 is 23mm, the side length of the parasitic patch is 14mm, the side length of the parasitic dielectric substrate contained in the second parasitic radiator 36 is 13.5mm, and the side length of the parasitic patch is 9mm;
the intersection point of the first rectangular slot 321 and the first gradual change microstrip feeder 33 in space is located on the central normal line of the parasitic patch above the first parasitic radiator 35, the intersection point of the second rectangular slot 322 and the second gradual change microstrip feeder 34 in space is located on the central normal line of the parasitic patch above the second parasitic radiator 36, the long side of the first rectangular slot 321 is 14.28mm, the short side is 1.36mm, the long side of the second rectangular slot 322 is 8.4mm, the short side is 0.8mm, the length of the center of the first rectangular slot 321 from the horizontal middle branching line of the metal floor 31 is 10mm, the length of the vertical middle branching line from the metal floor 31 is 24mm, and the center of the second rectangular slot 322 is located on the horizontal middle branching line of the metal floor 31 and the length of the vertical middle branching line from the metal floor 31 is 15mm.
The technical effects of the invention are further described by combining simulation experiments:
the reflection coefficient of the antenna of the present invention in the C band was simulated using the commercial simulation software hfss—15.0, and the result is shown in fig. 5.
Simulation 1, as can be seen from fig. 5, the reflection coefficient amplitude of the antenna of the present invention is smaller than-10 dB in 5.38.5-6.18GHz, which indicates that there is a better impedance match in this frequency band.
Simulation 2, the reflection coefficient of the antenna of the present invention in the X-band is calculated by using commercial simulation software hfss_15.0, and the result is shown in fig. 6.
As can be seen from fig. 6, the reflection coefficient amplitude of the antenna of the present invention is smaller than-10 dB in the 9.32-10.50GHz range, which indicates that there is a better impedance match in this frequency band.
Simulation 3, the gain of the antenna of the present invention in the C band was calculated as a function of angle theta using commercial simulation software HFSS_15.0, the results of which are shown in FIG. 7.
As can be seen from fig. 7, the maximum radiation direction of the radiation pattern of the antenna of the present invention on the E-plane and H-plane of the X-band is 0 degrees, and the maximum gain is 15.9dB.
Simulation 4, the gain of the antenna of the invention in the X band is simulated and calculated according to the angle change by using commercial simulation software HFSS_15.0, and the result is shown in figure 8.
As can be seen from fig. 8, the maximum radiation direction of the radiation pattern of the antenna of the present invention on the E-plane and H-plane of the X-band is 0 degrees, and the maximum gain is 14.8dB.
Simulation 5, the gain of the antenna of the invention in the X band is calculated in a simulation manner according to the frequency change by using commercial simulation software HFSS_15.0, and the result is shown in fig. 9.
As can be seen from fig. 9, the 3dB gain bandwidth of the antenna of the present invention in the C-band is 5.52-5.86GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 5.98%.
Simulation 6, the gain of the antenna of the invention in the X band is calculated in a simulation manner according to the frequency change by using commercial simulation software HFSS_15.0, and the result is shown in figure 10.
As can be seen from fig. 10, the 3dB gain bandwidth of the antenna of the present invention in the X-band is 9.90-10.54GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 6.26%.
Compared with the prior art, the simulation result shows that the communication capacity of the antenna can be effectively improved on the premise of ensuring the anti-interference capacity of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna through the two frequency selection surfaces supported by the medium support piece.
Claims (5)
1. The dual-frequency dual-polarized high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is characterized by comprising a first frequency selection surface (1), a second frequency selection surface (2) and a feed source (3), wherein the first frequency selection surface (1), the second frequency selection surface (2) and the feed source (3) are supported by a medium support piece, are arranged in parallel from top to bottom and are not contacted with each other, and the first frequency selection surface is characterized in that:
the first frequency selection surface (1) comprises a first dielectric substrate (11) and M multiplied by M first partial reflection surface units (12) which are printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate and are periodically arranged, and the first partial reflection surface units (12) adopt square patch structures with notches etched at four sides and four corners;
the second frequency selection surface (2) comprises a second dielectric substrate (21) and M multiplied by M second partial reflection surface units (22) which are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate and are periodically arranged, and the second partial reflection surface units (22) adopt a square patch structure etched with square annular gaps;
the feed source (3) comprises a third dielectric substrate (31), a metal floor (32) printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate (31), a first gradual change microstrip feeder (33) and a second gradual change microstrip feeder (34) which are orthogonal to each other and are used for realizing dual polarization characteristics, a first rectangular gap (321) and a second rectangular gap (322) are etched on the metal floor (32) at positions corresponding to the first gradual change microstrip feeder (33) and the second gradual change microstrip feeder (34), a first parasitic radiator (35) and a second parasitic radiator (36) which are supported by a dielectric support piece are respectively arranged above the first rectangular gap (321) and the second rectangular gap (322), and the first parasitic radiator (35) and the second parasitic radiator (36) comprise a radiating dielectric substrate and square parasitic patches printed on the lower surface of the radiating dielectric substrate; the first rectangular gap (321) and the second rectangular gap (322) are respectively orthogonal with the first gradual change microstrip feeder line (33) and the second gradual change microstrip feeder line (34).
2. A dual-band dual-polarized high gain fabry-perot cavity antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said first partially reflecting surface unit (12) has a rectangular shape with four etched notches, and the line connecting the midpoints of the short sides of the rectangle is located on the middle line of the opposite sides of the first partially reflecting surface unit (12); the shape of the four-corner etched notch is square.
3. A dual-band dual-polarized high gain fabry-perot resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the second partially reflecting surface elements (22) have two diagonal lines of the square annular slit etched thereon coinciding with the corresponding two diagonal lines of the second partially reflecting surface elements (22).
4. A dual-frequency dual-polarized high gain fabry-perot resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the first parasitic radiator (35) and the second parasitic radiator (36) comprise a radiating dielectric substrate parallel to the third dielectric substrate (31) and two diagonal lines of the radiating dielectric substrate coincide with two diagonal lines of a square parasitic patch printed thereon.
5. The dual-band dual-polarized high gain fabry-perot cavity antenna of claim 4, wherein the intersection of the first rectangular slot (321) and the first graded microstrip feed line (33) is located on the central normal of the square parasitic patch above the first parasitic radiator (35), and the intersection of the second rectangular slot (322) and the second graded microstrip feed line (34) is located on the central normal of the square parasitic patch above the second parasitic radiator (36).
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