CN115033031B - Solar cell panel system of following spot based on ITO film - Google Patents

Solar cell panel system of following spot based on ITO film Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115033031B
CN115033031B CN202210566083.5A CN202210566083A CN115033031B CN 115033031 B CN115033031 B CN 115033031B CN 202210566083 A CN202210566083 A CN 202210566083A CN 115033031 B CN115033031 B CN 115033031B
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steering engine
solar panel
ito
solar
ito film
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CN115033031A (en
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汪蓉
张夏浪
张亚平
范平
汪洋
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Hefei Minglong Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Hubei University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12Control of position or direction using feedback
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar panel light-following system, which comprises a solar panel comprising a temperature detection ITO film element, wherein the solar panel is fixed on a first steering engine output shaft of a first steering engine; the solar panel rotates along an axis vertical to the paper surface under the action of the first steering engine; and the solar panel rotates along the vertical axis under the action of the second steering engine. The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that: the local temperatures (light intensity) of multiple points on the longitudinal and transverse axes of the solar panel are collected, so that the steering engine is controlled, the solar panel can timely track the solar light source, and the solar light source is always kept opposite to the solar light source.

Description

Solar cell panel system of following spot based on ITO film
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar power generation, and particularly relates to a solar panel light following system.
Background
With the rapid development of global economy, the energy consumption of fossil fuels is also increasing year by year, which brings a serious energy crisis to the world, and also provides challenges for improving the world ecological system, and the key to solve the series of problems is to implement carbon neutralization. According to Paris climate change Agreement, carbon neutralization must be achieved worldwide for around 2065-2070 years. The time for realizing the carbon neutralization is promised by each country, wherein the China promises to realize the carbon reaching peak in 2030 and realize the target of the carbon neutralization in 2060, which brings urgent requirements for solar photovoltaic power generation.
Among solar photovoltaic power generation devices and application designs, a light tracking control design of solar photovoltaic power generation is greatly focused as an important research direction. The tracking type solar photovoltaic panel light tracking control system is built, so that the solar energy utilization rate can be greatly improved.
At present, the solar power generation application mostly adopts a fixed solar panel to absorb light energy and convert the light energy into electric energy, and even if a light tracking system is adopted, a typical light tracking controller is also a single-axis solar tracker, so that automatic tracking of solar light in the east-west direction is realized. In the single-axis light-following control process, the daily sun irradiation direction is changed, which results in the solar energy utilization rate of only 3-4 hours in certain seasons, so that the solar energy utilization rate is low.
The photoelectric sensor is also used for detecting the solar light source, so that the solar light source is automatically followed by light, the solar panel is enabled to rotate along the sunlight direction, the light is subjected to real-time double-shaft vertical tracking, and the utilization rate of the solar panel is greatly improved. The photoelectric sensor has the defects that the photoelectric sensor cannot be integrated with a solar panel, is easy to damage and has poor reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photonic crystal solar panel light-chasing structure system with double shafts and capable of realizing optical frequency comb and application thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The solar panel light tracking system comprises a solar panel, wherein the solar panel is fixed on a first steering engine output shaft of a first steering engine, the first steering engine is fixed on a support post rod column, a support post is fixed on a first steering engine base, the first steering engine base is connected with a support rod, an electric control box is connected to the support rod, and the support rod is connected with a second steering engine;
The upper part of the electric control box is in a sealing state, the lower part of the electric control box is in a semi-sealing state, the middle part of the electric control box is provided with an interlayer with a hole, a singlechip control module, a rechargeable battery and a rectifier are arranged on the interlayer,
The singlechip control module is provided with a temperature detection module, a current/voltage conversion module, an AD (analog-to-digital) conversion module and a steering engine execution module;
A plurality of ITO (indium tin oxide) film elements are arranged on the longitudinal and transverse central axes of the solar cell panel, the ITO film elements on the transverse axis are sequentially named and marked as M1-M 2m+1 from left to right, the ITO film elements on the longitudinal axis are sequentially named and marked as N1-N 2n+1 from top to bottom, wherein M and N are positive integers, 2m+1 elements are arranged on the transverse axis in total, 2n+1 elements are arranged on the longitudinal axis in total, and the longitudinal and transverse axes of the ITO film elements on the central position are shared, namely the Mm and Nn ITO film elements are the same element; sintered electrodes are arranged at two ends of the ITO thin film element, and copper wire leads are attached to the sintered electrodes;
Under the action of a first steering engine, the solar cell panel rotates along an axis which is perpendicular to the paper surface; under the action of the second steering engine, the solar cell panel rotates along an axis around the vertical direction.
Further, the above-mentioned ITO thin film element is composed of a silicon dioxide substrate and an ITO thin film.
Further, the ITO film is tin doped indium tin oxide film, and is a transparent n-type semiconductor film; the molecular number ratio of indium trioxide to tin dioxide in the ITO film microstructure is 9:1.
Further, the temperature detection module is characterized in that an ITO film element on transparent photosensitive glass of a solar panel senses temperature or light intensity; when the external power supply voltage is constant, if the current flowing through the ITO thin film element is different, the voltage on the sampling resistor connected in series with the ITO thin film is different; then, an AD conversion module is utilized to convert the analog signals into digital signals; the temperature or light intensity sensing signals of the longitudinal and transverse multipath ITO film elements are sampled, comparison is carried out, and the steering engine executing module drives the first steering engine and the second steering engine to rotate until the solar cell panel rotates to the center ITO film element, namely the Mth or Nth ITO film element has the minimum current, and the solar cell panel is just opposite to the solar light source.
The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that: local temperatures (or light intensity) of multiple points on longitudinal and transverse axes of the solar cell panel are collected, so that steering engine steering is controlled, the solar cell panel can timely track a solar light source, and the solar light source always faces the solar light source.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prefabricated panel containing ITO thin film;
FIG. 2 is an ITO thin film separation element;
FIG. 3 is an ITO thin film element including an electrode;
FIG. 4 is a solar panel with ITO thin film element attached;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a solar panel light-following system;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the resistance of an ITO thin film element as a function of temperature;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of steering engine control software;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the temperature detection and steering engine control hardware;
Wherein, 1-solar panel; 2-a first steering engine output shaft; 3-a first steering engine; 4-supporting columns; 5-a first steering engine base; 6-an electrical control box; 7-supporting rods; 8-a second steering engine; 10-copper wire leads; 11-sintering the electrode; 12-ITO film; 13-silicon dioxide substrate.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the following examples and drawings, which are provided for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
ITO (IndiumTin Oxid) is a tin doped indium tin oxide film, which is a transparent n-type semiconductor film. ITO has strong conductivity, good adhesiveness when combined with most substrates, strong hardness and good acid, alkali and organic solvent resistance, and is widely applied to various photoelectric devices.
In the process of manufacturing the ITO film, sn (tin) element is doped into In2O3 (indium trioxide) to replace In (indium) element In In2O3, and then the Sn (tin oxide) element exists In the form of SnO 2. In general, the molecular number ratio of indium trioxide to tin dioxide in the ITO film microstructure is 9:1. Since In atoms In2O3 are 3-valent and Sn atoms are 4-valent when SnO2 is formed, sn will contribute one electron to the conduction band, and at the same time, the incorporation of Sn will cause the deletion of oxygen atoms, which will form a hole. Both electrons on the conduction band and holes on the valence band are carriers, which gives the ITO thin film a resistivity on the order of about 10-4 Ω cm.
An ITO film was deposited on a glass, i.e., a silicon dioxide substrate by chemical vapor deposition, and as shown in fig. 1, reference numeral 13 was a silicon dioxide substrate and reference numeral 12 was an ITO film. And cutting the separated ITO thin film element by using a glass cutter.
As shown in fig. 2, is cut into separate ITO thin film elements. Then cleaning the sample separation element; coating silver paste on two ends of a separation element sample, and attaching copper wires; drying in a drying oven at 150deg.C for 10 min, and taking out; and then placing the separation element sample into an empty furnace for sintering, controlling the sintering temperature to 450 ℃, controlling the sintering time to 30 minutes, and packaging. Thus, the ITO film temperature measurement or light measurement sensor of the two electrodes, namely the ITO film element, is obtained.
As shown in fig. 3, wherein reference numeral 10 is a copper wire lead and reference numeral 11 is a sintered electrode.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a solar cell panel with an ITO thin film element attached. And fixing a plurality of ITO film elements on the longitudinal and transverse central axes of the solar panel by using heat conducting glue. ITO thin film elements on the transverse axis are sequentially named as M1-M 2m+1 from left to right, ITO thin film elements on the longitudinal axis are sequentially named as N1-N 2n+1 from top to bottom, wherein M and N are positive integers, namely 2m+1 elements are arranged on the transverse axis in total, 2n+1 elements are arranged on the longitudinal axis in total, the ITO thin film elements at the central position are shared by the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis, and the Mm and the Nn ITO thin film elements are the same element, namely Mm=Nn.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the light following system of the solar panel, the solar panel 1 is fixed on the first steering engine output shaft 2, the first steering engine 3 is fixed on the supporting rod column 4, the supporting rod 4 is fixed on the first steering engine base 5, the first steering engine base 5 is connected with the supporting rod 7, the electric control box 6 is connected on the supporting rod 7, the periphery of the electric control box 6 and the upper part of the box are both in a sealing state, the lower part is in a semi-sealing state, the middle part is provided with an interlayer with a hole, and an AT89C52 singlechip control module, a rechargeable battery, a rectifier and other electronic devices are placed on the interlayer. The AT89C52 singlechip control module is used for stably detecting on the solar panel and controlling the steering engine to rotate, the rectifier converts the solar panel and charges the storage battery, and the singlechip and the steering engine are powered by the storage battery.
The solar panel 1 can rotate around an axis vertical to the paper surface under the action of the first steering engine 3; the solar panel 1 can rotate around a vertical axis under the action of the second steering engine 8.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance of the ITO thin film member of the present invention and the temperature. When the temperature T <120K, the element resistance R decreases with increasing temperature; when the temperature T >120K, the element resistance R increases with an increase in temperature. Since the temperature change region of the solar cell panel is located at 273k to 400k, the element resistance increases and the element current decreases when the temperature increases in this region. The local temperature of the solar panel is in direct proportion to the light intensity at the position, the larger the light intensity is, the higher the local temperature value is, the larger the resistance of the ITO thin film element at the position is, and when the external power supply voltage is fixed, the smaller the current flowing through the ITO thin film element at the position is. When the solar panel is to be faced to the solar light source, the current of the ITO thin film element located at the center, that is, the ITO thin film element where Mm and Nn are the same, is the smallest.
Fig. 7 shows a flow chart of steering engine control software. After the hardware circuit is powered on, the system starts to initialize and then enters a detection stage; then, detecting the ITO thin film element currents distributed transversely and the ITO thin film element currents distributed longitudinally on the solar panel at the same time, and judging whether the ITO thin film element currents are the optimal illumination positions or not respectively; when the current at the central position of the current of the transverse ITO thin film element is not the minimum, the singlechip controls the upper steering engine and the lower steering engine to rotate, namely the first steering engine 3 rotates around the axis vertical to the paper surface direction until the current at the central position of the current of the transverse ITO thin film element, namely the Mm-th ITO thin film element at the central position is the minimum; when the current at the central position of the current of the longitudinal ITO film is not minimum, the singlechip controls the left steering engine and the right steering engine to rotate, namely the second steering engine 8 rotates around the axis in the vertical direction until the current at the central position of the current minimum current of the longitudinal ITO film element, namely the Nth ITO film element at the central position is minimum. Specifically, for example, if the current of the ITO thin film element above the center point of the ITO thin film element distributed on the longitudinal axis is detected to be smaller, it indicates that the upper position of the solar panel is closer to the sun, so that the upper position temperature is higher, the single-chip microcomputer controls the upper steering engine and the lower steering engine to rotate, so that the temperature of the n-th ITO thin film element at the center point of the ITO thin film element distributed on the longitudinal axis is the highest, and the current is the smallest. The procedure was restarted every 15 minutes.
Fig. 8 shows a block diagram of the hardware structure for temperature detection and steering engine control. The device comprises a temperature detection module, a current resistance/voltage conversion module, an AD (analog-to-digital) conversion module and a steering engine execution module. The temperature detection module is used for sensing temperature or light intensity by an ITO film element on transparent glass of the solar cell panel and sensing temperature by an ITO film element on photosensitive glass, and the temperature or light intensity is different, and the impedance of the ITO film is also different; when the external power supply voltage is constant, when the current flowing through the ITO film element is different, the voltage on the sampling resistor connected in series with the ITO film is different, namely the working principle of the current resistor/voltage conversion module; then converting the analog signal into a digital signal by using an analog-to-digital (AD) conversion chip; the temperature or light intensity sensing signals of the longitudinal and transverse multi-path ITO film elements are sampled, comparison is carried out again, and the steering engine executing module drives the steering engines 3 and 8 to rotate until the solar cell panel rotates until the current of the central ITO film element is minimum, and the solar cell panel just faces the solar light source.
The steering engines 3 and 8 can both adopt stepping motors 42-0.6N.m (bovine.m.) motors, and the steering engine 3 and 8 drivers can both adopt DM42L type stepping motor drivers. The stepping motor is controlled by the singlechip to rotate through the motor driver.
In a word, the solar cell panel light-following system based on the ITO film can collect local temperatures (light intensity) of multiple points on the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis of the solar cell panel at the same time, so that steering engine rotation is controlled, the solar cell panel can timely track a solar light source, and the solar light source always faces the solar light source. Compared with the traditional photoresistor, the ITO film temperature measuring element has higher temperature and reliability and is easy to integrate. In addition, compared with single-path tracking, the double-path tracking of the solar light source can greatly improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy.

Claims (4)

1. The solar panel light following system comprises a solar panel (1), wherein the solar panel (1) is fixed on a first steering engine output shaft (2) of a first steering engine (3), the first steering engine (3) is fixed on a supporting column (4), the supporting column (4) is fixed on a first steering engine base (5), the first steering engine base (5) is connected with a supporting rod (7), an electric control box (6) is connected to the supporting rod (7), and the supporting rod (7) is connected with a second steering engine (8);
The upper part of the electric control box (6) is in a sealing state, the lower part is in a semi-sealing state, the middle part is provided with an interlayer with a hole, a singlechip control module, a rechargeable battery and a rectifier are arranged on the interlayer,
The single chip microcomputer control module is provided with a temperature detection module, a resistor/voltage conversion module, an AD conversion module and a steering engine execution module;
The solar cell panel is characterized in that a plurality of ITO film elements are arranged on the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis of the solar cell panel, the ITO film elements on the transverse axis are sequentially marked as M 1~M2m+1 from left to right, the ITO film elements on the longitudinal axis are sequentially marked as N 1~N2n+1 from top to bottom, wherein M and N are positive integers, namely 2m+1 elements are arranged on the transverse axis in a total manner, 2n+1 elements are arranged on the longitudinal axis in a total manner, and the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis of the ITO film elements at the central position are shared, namely M m and the N n ITO film elements are the same element;
sintered electrodes are arranged at two ends of the ITO thin film element, and copper wire leads are attached to the sintered electrodes;
The solar panel (1) rotates around an axis vertical to the paper surface under the action of the first steering engine (3); the solar panel (1) rotates around the axis in the vertical direction under the action of the second steering engine (8).
2. The solar panel light-following system according to claim 1, wherein the ITO thin film element is composed of a silicon dioxide substrate and an ITO thin film.
3. The solar panel light-following system according to claim 1, wherein the ITO film is a tin-doped indium tin oxide film, which is a transparent n-type semiconductor film; the molecular number ratio of indium trioxide to tin dioxide in the ITO film microstructure is 9:1.
4. The solar panel light-following system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature detection module is an ITO thin film element on transparent glass of the solar panel for sensing temperature or light intensity; when the external power supply voltage is constant, if the current flowing through the ITO thin film element is different, the voltage on the sampling resistor connected in series with the ITO thin film is different; then, the AD conversion module is utilized to convert the analog signals into digital signals; the temperature or light intensity sensing signals of the longitudinal and transverse multipath ITO film elements are sampled and compared, and the steering engine executing module drives the first steering engine (3) and the second steering engine (8) to rotate until the solar cell panel rotates to the center ITO film element, namely the current of the M m th or N n th ITO film element is minimum, and the solar cell panel just faces the solar light source.
CN202210566083.5A 2022-05-23 2022-05-23 Solar cell panel system of following spot based on ITO film Active CN115033031B (en)

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CN205158145U (en) * 2015-10-08 2016-04-13 克拉玛依职业技术学院 Track beam condensing unit of sunlight

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US20140014157A1 (en) * 2012-07-15 2014-01-16 Tsung Chieh LEE Solar tracking system using cross-divider shade board and sensor solar panels
US11360492B2 (en) * 2019-10-02 2022-06-14 Array Technologies, Inc. Solar tracking system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20080093938A (en) * 2008-09-02 2008-10-22 박용호 A tracking sensor device of sun's ray
CN205158145U (en) * 2015-10-08 2016-04-13 克拉玛依职业技术学院 Track beam condensing unit of sunlight

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Investigation of Street Lamp With Automatic Solar Tracking System;Lu, Siyuan;JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME;20181231;全文 *
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