CN115030259A - Multi-way valve for loader, loader hydraulic system and loader - Google Patents
Multi-way valve for loader, loader hydraulic system and loader Download PDFInfo
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- CN115030259A CN115030259A CN202210885917.9A CN202210885917A CN115030259A CN 115030259 A CN115030259 A CN 115030259A CN 202210885917 A CN202210885917 A CN 202210885917A CN 115030259 A CN115030259 A CN 115030259A
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 210
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
- E02F9/2267—Valves or distributors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2282—Systems using center bypass type changeover valves
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2289—Closed circuit
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-way valve for a loader, a loader hydraulic system and the loader in the technical field of loaders, wherein the multi-way valve is an open center multi-way valve provided with an oil inlet P1, an oil inlet P2 and a flow converging valve; an oil inlet P1 for receiving hydraulic oil output by the working pump is connected with the overflow valve through a first check valve; an oil inlet P2 for receiving hydraulic oil output by the steering pump is connected with the overflow valve through a second one-way valve; the oil inlet P2 is connected with the oil inlet P1 through a flow-merging valve, and is communicated with an oil path between the first valve rod and the second valve rod through the flow-merging valve; the flow converging valve is used for dividing or converging the hydraulic oil output by the working pump and the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump according to the set working state. The invention realizes the coordination control of the lifting and descending of the movable arm and the combined actions of bucket unloading and bucket collection, improves the working efficiency, and has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing and maintenance cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of loaders, and particularly relates to a multi-way valve for a loader, a loader hydraulic system and the loader.
Background
At present, a hydraulic system in a loader mostly adopts open center series multiple paths, lifting and descending of a movable arm of a working device and unloading and bucket collecting can only be carried out independently, for example, the movable arm can be lifted after bucket collecting is finished, the movable arm cannot be lifted simultaneously, and the bucket cannot be lifted manually, so that the working efficiency is influenced. In order to solve the problems, a load independent flow distribution (LUDV) control system is adopted in the existing loader industry, flow is distributed to each actuating mechanism in proportion, composite action is achieved, however, for a conventional loader system, although double pumps are adopted, a multi-way valve adopts one inlet, only one operating handle is arranged, the reversing stroke is difficult to control accurately through operation of a single handle inclining 45 degrees, lifting and descending of a movable arm are not coordinated with combined actions of bucket unloading and bucket collecting, meanwhile, the cost of the load independent flow distribution (LUDV) system is high, most of hydraulic elements adopt inlet pieces, and the load independent flow distribution (LUDV) system is difficult to popularize in the middle-end market.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the multi-way valve for the loader, the hydraulic system for the loader and the loader, which realize the coordinated control of the lifting and descending of the movable arm, the unloading of the bucket and the bucket collecting composite action, improve the operation efficiency, and have the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing and maintenance cost and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, a multi-way valve for a loader is provided, and the multi-way valve is an open-center multi-way valve provided with an oil inlet P1, an oil inlet P2 and a converging valve; an oil inlet P1 for receiving hydraulic oil output by the working pump is connected with the overflow valve through a first one-way valve; an oil inlet P2 for receiving hydraulic oil output by the steering pump is connected with the overflow valve through a second one-way valve; the oil inlet P2 is connected with the oil inlet P1 through a flow-merging valve, and is communicated with an oil path between the first valve rod and the second valve rod through the flow-merging valve; the flow converging valve is used for dividing or converging the hydraulic oil output by the working pump and the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump according to the set working state.
Further, the multi-way valve also comprises a control oil port b3, and the control oil port b3 is connected with the flow converging valve.
Furthermore, the multi-way valve also comprises an A1 port and a B1 port which are used for connecting a tipping bucket cylinder, and an A2 port and a B2 port which are used for connecting a boom cylinder; the port A1 and the port B1 are respectively connected with a first valve rod, and the port A2 and the port B2 are respectively connected with a second valve rod.
In a second aspect, a hydraulic system of a loader is provided, which comprises the multi-way valve for the loader of the first aspect, wherein an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve is connected with an outlet of a working pump; an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve is connected with an outlet of the steering pump through a priority valve; a1 port and B1 port of the multi-way valve are connected with a tipping bucket oil cylinder; a2 port and B2 port of the multi-way valve are connected with a movable arm oil cylinder; the priority valve is connected with a steering oil cylinder through a steering gear; the outlet of the steering pump is connected with a pilot oil source valve, and the pilot oil source valve is connected with a multi-way valve through a pilot valve.
Furthermore, when the tipping bucket oil cylinder is independently operated, firstly, hydraulic oil output by the steering pump flows to the multi-way valve through the pilot oil source valve and the pilot valve, and controls the first valve rod to change direction, so that the first valve rod is positioned at the left position or the right position; meanwhile, the hydraulic oil output by the working pump flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve, and the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve through the priority valve; the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve is converged with the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve through the converging valve and then flows to the first valve rod; and the hydraulic oil flows to a rod cavity or a rodless cavity of the tipping bucket oil cylinder through the left position or the right position of the first valve rod and is used for controlling the tipping bucket oil cylinder to retract or extend out of the bucket.
Furthermore, when the movable arm oil cylinder is independently operated to retract, firstly, hydraulic oil output by the steering pump flows to the multi-way valve through the pilot oil source valve and the pilot valve to control the second valve rod to change direction, so that the second valve rod is positioned at the left position; meanwhile, the hydraulic oil output by the working pump flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve, and the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve through the priority valve; the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve is converged with the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve through the converging valve and then flows to the first valve rod; the merged hydraulic oil flows to the second valve rod after passing through the first valve rod, flows to a rodless cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder through the left position of the second valve rod, and the movable arm oil cylinder is retracted.
Furthermore, when the movable arm oil cylinder is independently operated to extend out, firstly, hydraulic oil output by the steering pump flows to the multi-way valve through the pilot oil source valve and the pilot valve, the second valve rod and the confluence valve are controlled to be reversed, and the second valve rod is positioned at the right position and the confluence valve is positioned at the right position; meanwhile, hydraulic oil output by the working pump flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve, passes through the first valve rod and then flows to an oil passage between the first valve rod and the second valve rod; hydraulic oil output by the steering pump flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve through the priority valve; after the hydraulic oil in the oil inlet P2 passes through the right position of the confluence valve, the oil passage between the first valve rod and the first valve rod is converged with the hydraulic oil from the oil inlet P1, and the hydraulic oil flows to the rodless cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder after passing through the second valve rod, and the movable arm oil cylinder extends out.
Further, when the boom cylinder is operated to extend and the dump bucket cylinder is operated to extend simultaneously: firstly, hydraulic oil output by a steering pump flows to a multi-way valve through a pilot oil source valve and a pilot valve, and controls a second valve rod, a flow-converging valve and a first valve rod to change directions, so that the second valve rod is positioned at a right position, the flow-converging valve is positioned at the right position, and the first valve rod is positioned at the right position; meanwhile, hydraulic oil output by the working pump flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve, flows to a rodless cavity of the tipping bucket oil cylinder after passing through the right position of the first valve rod, and extends out of the tipping bucket oil cylinder; the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve through the priority valve, flows to the right position of the second valve rod through the confluence valve, flows to the rodless cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder, and extends out of the movable arm oil cylinder.
Further, when the boom cylinder is operated to extend and the dump bucket cylinder is operated to retract simultaneously: firstly, hydraulic oil output by a steering pump flows to a multi-way valve through a pilot oil source valve and a pilot valve, and controls a second valve rod, a flow-converging valve and a first valve rod to change directions, so that the second valve rod is positioned at a right position, the flow-converging valve is positioned at a right position, and the first valve rod is positioned at a left position; meanwhile, hydraulic oil output by the working pump flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve, flows to a rod cavity of the tipping bucket oil cylinder after passing through the left position of the first valve rod, and the tipping bucket oil cylinder retracts; the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve through the priority valve, flows to the right position of the second valve rod through the confluence valve, flows to the rodless cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder, and the movable arm oil cylinder extends out.
In a third aspect, a loader is provided, which is equipped with the loader hydraulic system of the second aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, by adopting a double-inlet conventional open center multi-way valve and adding a flow converging valve, the lifting of a movable arm and the bucket collection and discharge of the bucket are realized to realize a compound action; when the composite action is carried out, the hydraulic oil flowing out of the working pump and the steering pump does not flow together and flows to the bucket oil cylinder and the movable arm oil cylinder respectively, so that the hydraulic oil phases of different actuating mechanisms are not influenced mutually, the coordination of the composite action is improved, and the working efficiency is improved;
(2) the multi-way valve can be completely made in China, and has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing and maintenance cost and the like;
(3) compared with a load independent flow distribution (LUDV) system, the hydraulic system is simple, easy to understand, convenient to maintain and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-way valve for a loader according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a loader hydraulic system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a hydraulic oil tank; 2. a working pump; 3. a steering pump; 4. a priority valve; 5. a diverter; 6. a steering cylinder; 7. a pilot oil source valve; 8. a multi-way valve; 9. a pilot valve; 10. a ball valve; 11. a boom cylinder; 12. a tipping oil cylinder; 13. a heat sink; 14. an oil return filter element; 81. a first check valve; 82. a second one-way valve; 83. a flow merging valve; 84. a spring; 85. an overflow valve; 86. a first valve stem; 87. a second valve stem.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multi-way valve 8 merges and divides hydraulic oil of the steering pump 3 and the working pump 2 through the merging valve 83 based on the operating state of the hydraulic system.
The multi-way valve 8 is an open center multi-way valve, is provided with a plurality of working ports, is respectively connected with a tipping bucket oil cylinder 12 and a movable arm oil cylinder 11, is provided with 2 oil inlets connected with the working pump 2 and the priority valve 4, and is provided with a plurality of control oil ports connected with the pilot valve 7.
The multiplex valve 8 includes a first check valve 81, a second check valve 82, a confluence valve 83, a spring 84, a control port b3, an overflow valve 85, a first valve stem 86, and a second valve stem 87. An oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8 is connected with an outlet of the working pump 2, and an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 is connected with the priority valve 4. The control port b3 is connected to the control port b 2. An oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8 is connected with an overflow valve 85 through a first check valve 81, an oil inlet P2 is connected with the overflow valve 85 through a second check valve 82, an oil inlet P2 is connected with an oil inlet P1 through a confluence valve 83, and the oil inlet P2 is communicated with an oil path between a first valve rod 86 and a second valve rod 87 through the confluence valve 83.
The flow merging valve 83 includes an oil port h1, an oil port h2, an oil port h3, an oil port h4, and an oil port h 5. When the spring 84 of the flow combining valve 83 is at the initial position, the oil port h1 of the flow combining valve 83 is connected with the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8, and the oil port h3 is connected with the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8; the oil port h4 communicates with the oil passage between the first valve rod 86 and the second valve rod 87, and the oil port h5 is connected to the control oil port b3 of the multi-way valve 8. When the flow-combining valve 83 is reversed to the right position under the action of the control oil port b3, the oil port h2 is connected with the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8.
The second embodiment:
based on the multi-way valve for the loader, the embodiment provides a loader hydraulic system, oil inlets of a working pump 2 and a steering pump 3 are communicated with a hydraulic oil tank 1, an outlet of the steering pump 3 is communicated with a port P of a priority valve 4, and a port EF of the priority valve 4 is connected with an oil inlet P2 of a multi-way valve 8; the outlet of the working pump 2 is connected with the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8.
The control port b3 of the multi-way valve 8 is connected with the port a 2.
An oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8 is communicated with an oil passage of a first check valve 81, an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 is communicated with an oil passage of a second check valve 82, the first check valve 81 and the second check valve 82 are communicated with an overflow valve 85, and the overflow valve 85 is communicated with an oil passage of a T port of the multi-way valve 8. An oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 is communicated with an oil port h1 of the confluence valve 83, an oil port h3 of the confluence valve 83 is communicated with an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8, an oil port h4 of the confluence valve 83 is communicated with oil ducts behind the first valve rod 86 and in front of the second valve rod 87, and an oil port h5 of the confluence valve 83 is communicated with a control oil port b3 of the multi-way valve 8.
A1 port and B1 port of the multi-way valve 8 are connected with a tipping bucket oil cylinder 12; the boom cylinder 11 is connected to ports a2 and B2 of the multiplex valve 8.
The T port of the multi-way valve 8 is connected with the hydraulic oil tank 1 through a radiator 13 and an oil return filter element 14.
The port P1 of the pilot oil source valve 7 is connected to the outlet of the steering pump 3, and the pilot oil source 7 is connected to the port P of the pilot valve 9 through a ball valve 10.
The control port b1 of the pilot valve 9 is connected with the control port b1 of the multiplex valve 8.
The control port a1 of the pilot valve 9 is connected with the control port a1 of the multi-way valve 8.
The control port b2 of the pilot valve 9 is connected with the control port b2 of the multiplex valve 8.
The control port a2 of the pilot valve 9 is connected with the control port b2 of the multiplex valve 8.
A control oil port a2 of the multi-way valve 8 is connected with a control oil port b 3;
and a control oil port 2C of the pilot valve 9 is connected with a control oil port 2C of the multi-way valve 8.
And a T port of the pilot valve 9 is connected with the hydraulic oil tank 1.
The CF port of the priority valve 4 is connected to the P port of the diverter 5.
The LS port of the priority valve 4 is connected to the LS port of the diverter 5.
The working oil ports of the steering gear 5 are respectively connected with a steering oil cylinder 6.
The port T of the steering gear 5 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 1.
The T port of the priority valve 4 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 1.
The working condition I is as follows: when the dump bucket cylinder 12 only needs to be independently operated to retract (bucket discharge) or extend (bucket collection): first, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows through the steering pump 3 to the port P1 of the pilot oil source valve 7, then flows to the ball valve 10, and then flows to the pilot valve 9. The hydraulic oil flows to the b1 port or the a1 port of the multi-way valve 8 through the b1 port or the a1 port of the pilot valve 9, and controls the first valve rod 86 to be reversed, so that the first valve rod 86 is in the left position or the right position.
Meanwhile, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8 through the working pump 2, and the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the port P of the priority valve 4 through the steering pump 3 and then flows to the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 through the port EF of the priority valve 4. The hydraulic oil in the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 flows to the h3 of the confluence valve through the h1 of the confluence valve 83, and then flows to the first valve rod 86 after being converged with the hydraulic oil from the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8. The hydraulic oil flows to the rod cavity or the rodless cavity of the tipping oil cylinder 12 through the left position or the right position of the first valve rod 86, and the tipping oil cylinder 12 retracts (bucket discharging) or extends (bucket collecting).
Working conditions are as follows: when the boom cylinder 11 only needs to be operated to retract (boom down) alone: first, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows through the steering pump 3 to the port P1 of the pilot oil source valve 7, then flows to the ball valve 10, and then flows to the pilot valve 9. The hydraulic oil flows to the b2 port of the multi-way valve 8 through the b2 port of the pilot valve 9, and controls the second valve rod 87 to change direction, so that the second valve rod 87 is in the left position.
Meanwhile, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8 through the working pump 2, and the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the port P of the priority valve 4 through the steering pump 3 and then flows to the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 through the port EF of the priority valve 4. After the hydraulic oil flowing to the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 passes through the h1 of the confluence valve 83 to the h3 of the confluence valve 83, the hydraulic oil is converged with the hydraulic oil from the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8 and then flows to the first valve rod 86, the converged hydraulic oil flows to the second valve rod 87 after passing through the first valve rod 86 and flows to the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 11 through the left position of the second valve rod 87, and the boom cylinder 11 retracts and the boom descends.
Working conditions are as follows: when only the boom cylinder 11 is operated to extend (boom lift) alone, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the ball valve 10 after flowing to the port P1 of the pilot oil source valve 7 through the steering pump 3, and then flows to the pilot valve 9, and the pilot valve 9 is operated to flow the hydraulic oil to the control oil ports b3 and a2 of the multi-way valve 8 through the port a2 of the pilot valve 9. Pilot oil flowing to port a2 of the multiplex valve 8 reverses the second valve stem 87 to the right position and pilot oil flowing to the control port b3 of the confluence valve 83 reverses the confluence valve 83 to the right position.
Meanwhile, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8 through the working pump 2, passes through the first valve rod 86, and then flows to the oil passage between the first valve rod 86 and the second valve rod 87. And the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the port P of the priority valve 4 through the steering pump 3, and then flows to the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 through the port EF of the priority valve 4. The hydraulic oil from the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 passes through the right position of the confluence valve 83, so that after the hydraulic oil flows to the h4 of the confluence valve 83 through the h2 of the confluence valve 83, the hydraulic oil from the working pump 2 is merged in the oil passage between the first valve rod 86 and the first valve rod 87, and flows to the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 11 through the second valve rod 87, the boom cylinder 11 extends, and the boom is lifted.
Working conditions are as follows: when the boom cylinder 11 is simultaneously operated to extend (boom raising) and the dump cylinder 12 is simultaneously operated to extend (bucket dumping): firstly, hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to a P1 port of a pilot oil source valve 7 through a steering pump 3, then flows to a ball valve 10, then flows to a pilot valve 9, flows to an a2 port and a control oil port b3 of a multi-way valve 8 through an a2 port of the pilot valve 9, and enables a second valve rod 87 to move leftwards to be in a right position and a confluence valve 83 to move leftwards to be in a right position; and meanwhile, the first valve rod 86 flows to the port a1 of the multi-way valve 8 through the port a1 of the pilot valve 9, and is moved to the left to be in a right position.
The hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8 through the working pump 2, and flows to the rodless cavity of the tipping bucket oil cylinder 12 after passing through the right position of the first valve rod 86, and the tipping bucket oil cylinder 12 extends out and the bucket collects the bucket. Hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the port P of the priority valve 4 through the steering pump 3, then flows to the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 through the port EF of the priority valve 4, flows to the flow converging valve 83, flows to the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 11 through the port h2 and the port h4 of the flow converging valve 83, flows to the right position of the second valve rod 87, and then the boom cylinder 11 extends out, so that the boom is lifted.
From the above, when the boom cylinder 11 is operated to extend (boom raising) and the dump bucket cylinder 12 is operated to extend (bucket dumping) at the same time, the hydraulic oil at the outlet of the working pump 2 flows to the rodless cavity of the dump bucket cylinder 12 through the first valve rod 86, the hydraulic oil at the outlet of the steering pump 3 flows to the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 11 after passing through the priority valve 4, the confluence valve 83 of the multiway valve 8 and the second valve rod 87, the hydraulic oil flowing to the rodless cavity of the dump bucket cylinder 12 comes from the working pump 2, and the hydraulic oil flowing to the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 11 comes from the steering pump 3, which do not affect each other, thereby improving the composite power maneuverability and coordination.
Working condition five: when the boom cylinder 11 is simultaneously manipulated to extend (boom raising) and the dump cylinder 12 is simultaneously manipulated to retract (bucket discharging): firstly, hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to a P1 port of a pilot oil source valve 7 through a steering pump 3, then flows to a ball valve 10, then flows to a pilot valve 9, flows to an a2 port and a control oil port b3 of a multi-way valve 8 through an a2 port of the pilot valve 9, and enables a second valve rod 87 to move leftwards to be in a right position and a confluence valve 83 to move leftwards to be in a right position; and meanwhile, the first valve rod 86 flows to the b1 port of the multi-way valve 8 through the b1 port of the pilot valve 9, and moves rightwards to be in the left position.
The hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve 8 through the working pump 2, and flows to the rod cavity of the tipping bucket oil cylinder 12 after passing through the left position of the first valve rod 86, the tipping bucket oil cylinder 12 retracts, and the bucket unloads. After passing through the steering pump 3, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 flows to the port P of the priority valve 4, then flows to the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve 8 through the port EF of the priority valve 4, flows to the confluence valve 83, flows to the right of the second valve rod 87 through the port h2 and the port h4 of the confluence valve 83, and then flows to the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 11, so that the boom cylinder 11 extends, and the boom is lifted.
It can be seen that when the boom cylinder 11 is operated to extend (boom raising) and the dump cylinder 12 is operated to extend (bucket discharging), the hydraulic oil at the outlet of the working pump 2 flows to the rod chamber of the dump cylinder 12 through the first valve rod 86, and the hydraulic oil at the outlet of the steering pump 3 flows to the rodless chamber of the boom cylinder 11 through the priority valve 4, the confluence valve 83 of the multi-way valve 8, and the second valve rod 87 at the right position. The hydraulic oil flowing to the rod chamber of the dump cylinder 12 comes from the working pump 2, while the hydraulic oil flowing to the rodless chamber of the boom cylinder 11 comes from the steering pump 3, without affecting each other, and the composite operation maneuverability and coordination are improved.
The hydraulic oil from the working pump and the priority valve is supplied to the movable arm oil cylinder and the tipping bucket oil cylinder after being converged and divided by the internal oil passage of the multi-way valve. The movable arm is controlled to lift, the movable arm descends, the bucket is controlled to close and unload through moving the reversing rod of the multi-way valve. When a single movable arm descends, a bucket receives a bucket and discharges the bucket, the hydraulic oil from the priority valve and the hydraulic oil from the working pump flow to the movable arm oil cylinder and the bucket oil cylinder after converging in front of a first valve rod of the multi-way valve and flowing to the first valve rod or a second valve rod after flowing to the first valve rod or the second valve rod; when the movable arm is lifted, after the hydraulic oil from the priority valve passes through the confluence valve and the hydraulic oil from the working pump passes through the first valve rod, the hydraulic oil flows to the movable arm oil cylinder through the second valve rod after confluence is carried out behind the first valve rod and in front of the second valve rod; when the movable arm is lifted, and the bucket is manually operated or unloaded, hydraulic oil from the working pump flows to the tipping bucket oil cylinder through the first valve rod, and hydraulic oil from the priority valve flows to the movable arm oil cylinder through the confluence valve and then flows to the movable arm oil cylinder through the second valve rod, so that the combined action of movable arm lifting and bucket collecting or bucket unloading is realized.
Example three:
based on the multi-way valve for the loader in the first embodiment and the hydraulic system for the loader in the second embodiment, the present embodiment provides a loader, and the loader is configured with the hydraulic system for the loader in the second embodiment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-way valve for a loader, characterized in that the multi-way valve is an open center multi-way valve provided with an oil inlet P1, an oil inlet P2 and a confluence valve (83);
an oil inlet P1 for receiving hydraulic oil output by the working pump (2) is connected with an overflow valve (85) through a first one-way valve (81);
an oil inlet P2 for receiving the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump (3) is connected with the overflow valve (85) through a second one-way valve (82);
the oil inlet P2 is connected with the oil inlet P1 through a flow converging valve (83), and is communicated with an oil path between the first valve rod (86) and the second valve rod (87) through the flow converging valve (83);
the confluence valve (83) is used for shunting or converging the hydraulic oil output by the working pump (2) and the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump (3) according to a set working state.
2. The multiport valve for loaders according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a control port b3, control port b3 being connected with a converging valve (83).
3. The multi-way valve for a loader of claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises ports a1, B1 for connecting the dump cylinder (12), ports a2, B2 for connecting the boom cylinder (11); the A1 port and the B1 port are respectively connected with a first valve rod (86), and the A2 port and the B2 port are respectively connected with a second valve rod (87).
4. Hydraulic system for a loader, characterized in that it comprises a multi-way valve (8) for a loader according to claim 3,
an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve (8) is connected with an outlet of the working pump (2);
an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve (8) is connected with an outlet of the steering pump (3) through a priority valve (4);
the A1 port and the B1 port of the multi-way valve (8) are connected with a tipping bucket oil cylinder (12);
a2 port and B2 port of the multi-way valve (8) are connected with a boom cylinder (11);
the priority valve (4) is connected with a steering oil cylinder (6) through a steering gear (5);
the outlet of the steering pump (3) is connected with a pilot oil source valve (7), and the pilot oil source valve (7) is connected with a multi-way valve (8) through a pilot valve (9).
5. The hydraulic system of the loader is characterized in that when the dump body cylinder (12) is independently operated, firstly, hydraulic oil output by the steering pump (3) flows to the multi-way valve (8) through the pilot oil source valve (7) and the pilot valve (9) to control the first valve rod (86) to change direction, so that the first valve rod (86) is positioned at the left position or the right position;
meanwhile, hydraulic oil output by the working pump (2) flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve (8), and hydraulic oil output by the steering pump (3) flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve (8) through the priority valve (4); the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve (8) is converged with the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve (8) through the converging valve (83) and then flows to the first valve rod (86); the hydraulic oil flows to a rod cavity or a rodless cavity of the tipping bucket cylinder (12) through the left position or the right position of the first valve rod (86) and is used for controlling the tipping bucket cylinder (12) to retract or extend out of the bucket.
6. The hydraulic system of the loader as claimed in claim 4 wherein when the boom cylinder (11) is operated to retract alone, first, the hydraulic oil output from the steering pump (3) flows to the multi-way valve (8) through the pilot oil source valve (7) and the pilot valve (9), and controls the second valve rod (87) to reverse, so that the second valve rod (87) is in the left position;
meanwhile, hydraulic oil output by the working pump (2) flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve (8), and hydraulic oil output by the steering pump (3) flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve (8) through the priority valve (4); the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve (8) is converged with the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve (8) through the converging valve (83) and then flows to the first valve rod (86); the merged hydraulic oil flows to the second valve rod (87) after passing through the first valve rod (86), flows to a rodless cavity of the boom cylinder (11) through the left position of the second valve rod (87), and the boom cylinder (11) is retracted.
7. The hydraulic system of the loader according to claim 4, wherein when the boom cylinder (11) is operated to extend, firstly, the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump (3) flows to the multi-way valve (8) through the pilot oil source valve (7) and the pilot valve (9), the second valve rod (87) and the flow-combining valve (83) are controlled to be reversed, the second valve rod (87) is in the right position, and the flow-combining valve (83) is in the right position;
meanwhile, hydraulic oil output by the working pump (2) flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve (8), passes through the first valve rod (86) and then flows to an oil channel between the first valve rod (86) and the second valve rod (87); hydraulic oil output by the steering pump (3) flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve (8) through the priority valve (4); after hydraulic oil of the oil inlet P2 passes through the right position of the confluence valve (83), an oil passage between the first valve rod (86) and the first valve rod (87) is converged with the hydraulic oil from the oil inlet P1, the hydraulic oil flows to a rodless cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder (11) after passing through the second valve rod (87), and the movable arm oil cylinder (11) extends out.
8. The loader hydraulic system according to claim 4 wherein when the boom cylinder (11) is operated to extend and the dump cylinder (12) is operated to extend simultaneously: firstly, hydraulic oil output by a steering pump (3) flows to a multi-way valve (8) through a pilot oil source valve (7) and a pilot valve (9), a second valve rod (87), a flow combining valve (83) and a first valve rod (86) are controlled to be reversed, and the second valve rod (87), the flow combining valve (83) and the first valve rod (86) are located at the right position;
meanwhile, hydraulic oil output by the working pump (2) flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve (8), flows to a rodless cavity of the tipping bucket oil cylinder (12) after passing through the right position of the first valve rod (86), and the tipping bucket oil cylinder (12) extends out; the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump (3) flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve (8) through the priority valve (4), flows to the right position of the second valve rod (87) through the confluence valve (83), then flows to a rodless cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder (11), and the movable arm oil cylinder (11) extends out.
9. The loader hydraulic system according to claim 4 wherein when the boom cylinder (11) is operated to extend and the dump cylinder (12) is operated to retract simultaneously: firstly, hydraulic oil output by a steering pump (3) flows to a multi-way valve (8) through a pilot oil source valve (7) and a pilot valve (9), and controls a second valve rod (87), a flow-combining valve (83) and a first valve rod (86) to be reversed, so that the second valve rod (87) is positioned at the right position, the flow-combining valve (83) is positioned at the right position, and the first valve rod (86) is positioned at the left position;
meanwhile, hydraulic oil output by the working pump (2) flows into an oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve (8), flows to a rod cavity of the tipping bucket oil cylinder (12) after passing through the left position of the first valve rod (86), and the tipping bucket oil cylinder (12) retracts; the hydraulic oil output by the steering pump (3) flows into an oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve (8) through the priority valve (4), flows to the right position of the second valve rod (87) through the confluence valve (83), then flows to a rodless cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder (11), and the movable arm oil cylinder extends out.
10. A loader characterized in that it is equipped with a loader hydraulic system according to any one of claims 4 to 9.
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| CN202210885917.9A CN115030259B (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Multi-way valve for loader, loader hydraulic system and loader |
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| CN202210885917.9A CN115030259B (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Multi-way valve for loader, loader hydraulic system and loader |
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| CN115030259B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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