CN115024434B - Feed additive for prolonging egg laying period of laying hens and application thereof - Google Patents
Feed additive for prolonging egg laying period of laying hens and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115024434B CN115024434B CN202210958198.9A CN202210958198A CN115024434B CN 115024434 B CN115024434 B CN 115024434B CN 202210958198 A CN202210958198 A CN 202210958198A CN 115024434 B CN115024434 B CN 115024434B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying period of laying hens and application thereof, wherein the feed additive is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 10-40% of 5-aminolevulinic acid active ingredient, 20-60% of vitamin E, 20-60% of glycine iron and 10-80% of carrier; the 5-aminolevulinic acid active ingredient: glycine iron: the mass ratio of the vitamin E is 1. The feed additive of the invention determines that the combination of 5-aminolevulinic acid, ferrous glycinate and vitamin E has remarkable progress in prolonging the egg laying period compared with other antioxidant components for the first time, and also determines the active components of the 5-aminolevulinic acid: glycine iron: the mass ratio of the vitamin E is 1.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying period of laying hens and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the egg needs in the market are more and more large. The laying rate of the laying hens can reach about 50% in the fourth week after the laying, the laying peak can enter the laying peak period within 3-4 weeks, the peak lasts for about 4 months (certain difference exists among different varieties), and the laying rate of the laying peak is about 90% -97%. When the laying hens enter the later laying period, the ovary function begins to decline, the estrogen level is reduced, the laying rate is rapidly reduced, soft-shell eggs and shell-broken eggs are increased, the laying amount is gradually reduced in the period, the feed intake is not reduced, the deposition of body fat and the egg weight are easy to form, compared with the peak period, the eggshell strength of the laying hens at the later laying period or the last period can be reduced by 8% -25%, the egg weight is increased, so that the eggs obtain larger kinetic energy in the transportation process, the damage rate is increased, and the later economic benefit is seriously influenced. Therefore, how to improve the laying performance of the laying hens in the later period of laying and maintain the prolongation of the laying period of the laying hens becomes a problem to be solved urgently in laying hen breeding.
5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), molecular formula C 5 H 9 NO 3 The important precursors for biosynthesis of tetrahydropyrrole are the biosynthesis of heme, cytochrome, vitamin B 12 And the like. 5-ALA widely exists in animal, plant and microbial cells, has the characteristics of no toxicity to human and livestock, easy degradation in environment, no residue and the like, and is gradually popularized and applied in the domestic feed industry at present. The applicant finds that 5-ALA can improve the oxidation resistance and the immune function of poultry, remarkably reduce the feed-meat ratio of broiler chickens and meat ducks, reduce the feed-egg ratio of laying hens, improve the aquaculture survival rate of aquatic animals and improve the survival rate of high-density bred broiler chickens in earlier stage research. However, the effect of 5-ALA on the egg-laying cycle has not been studied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying period of laying hens and application thereof.
The invention provides a feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying period of laying hens, which is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 10-40% of 5-aminolevulinic acid active ingredient, 20-60% of vitamin E, 20-60% of ferrous glycinate and 10-50% of carrier.
Further, the mass ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid active component to the ferrous glycinate to the vitamin E is 1:2:3.
Further, the 5-aminolevulinic acid active ingredient is selected from one or more of 5-aminolevulinic acid, a 5-aminolevulinic acid derivative or a 5-aminolevulinic acid salt.
Further, the carrier is selected from at least one of corn starch, wheat starch, cassava starch, potato starch, beta-cyclodextrin, maltodextrin, modified starch, rice hull powder, corncob meal, zeolite powder or bentonite.
The feed additive for prolonging the laying period of the laying hens is applied to the feed of the laying hens in the later period of laying, the adding proportion of the 5-aminolevulinic acid active ingredient in the feed of the laying hens is 50g/t, the adding proportion of the ferrous glycinate in the feed of the laying hens is 100g/t, and the adding proportion of the vitamin E in the feed of the laying hens is 150g/t.
Further, the later period of egg laying is after 59 weeks of age.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. and (3) prolonging the egg laying period: in the later period of laying of the laying hens, the quality of eggs inside and outside the eggs generally shows a trend of deterioration, which is closely related to the reduction of the body function and the decline of the reproductive function of the laying hens. The invention firstly determines that the combination of 5-aminolevulinic acid, ferrous glycinate and vitamin E has remarkable progress on prolonging the egg laying period compared with other antioxidant components, and simultaneously determines that the mass ratio of the active components of the 5-aminolevulinic acid to the ferrous glycinate to the vitamin E is 1:2:3.
2. The 5-ALA can effectively promote the hematopoietic function of the body, improve the number of red blood cells in blood, improve the transport capacity of the blood to nutrient substances and accelerate the turnover of nutrient substances of the feed, so that the 5-ALA can effectively promote the metabolism of vitamin E and ferrous sulfate in the body of the laying hen, and the laying hen can synergistically promote the absorption of antioxidant and nutrient substances, particularly iron elements, in a special physiological state at the later laying period and play an effective role in inhibiting the reduction of the laying rate of the laying hen at the later laying period. According to the invention, by comparing the influence of the independent use and synergistic use of various antioxidant components on egg laying performance, the influence of the independent use and synergistic use of various antioxidant components is found in the embodiment, when various antioxidant components are independently used, or the combined use of 5-ALA and ferrous glycine, vitamin C (experiment 5 group), 5-ALA and ferrous glycine, vitamin A (experiment 7 group), 5-ALA and ferrous chloride, vitamin E (experiment 8 group) and 5-ALA and ferrous carbonate, vitamin E (experiment 9 group), the effects are not the same as the combination of 5-ALA, ferrous glycine and vitamin E, and the improvement effect of other combinations on blood indexes of laying hens at the later stage of egg laying is not obvious, so that the synergistic use of 5-ALA, ferrous glycine and vitamin E provided by the invention can synergistically improve the oxygen supply capacity of laying hens, thereby effectively reducing the oxidative damage of laying hens and prolonging the egg laying period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of different treatment groups of example 1 on the laying rate of a hen.
Fig. 2 is a comparison of eggshell color of each treatment group after the end of the 60 day test period of example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different treatment groups of example 2 on the laying rate of a hen.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The active ingredient of 5-aminolevulinic acid used in the examples is 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfate, and ferrous glycinate, vitamin E, vitamin A and vitamin C are all from Tianjin Bo Fei Germany technologies, inc.
Example 1-Effect of ALA, vitamin E and ferrous Glycine on the laying rate and Productivity of laying hens in the later period
1. Design of experiments
The method takes Hailan brown laying hens in the laying period as a research object and aims to determine the improvement effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), vitamin E and ferrous glycinate on the laying rate of the laying hens in the later laying period. The experiment adopts a single-factor completely random design, 59-week-old laying hens are selected and randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, each treatment group is 5 times of repetition, and each repetition is 450 chickens. The test period is 60 days. Specific groupings and sample addition levels are shown in table 1. The addition amounts of the basic ration and the functional additive of each treatment group are shown in the table 1 and the table 2. The test site is in the Tangshan Zunhua experimental base. The door of the chicken house is provided with a disinfection facility. Experimental animals are raised in cages, the rearing cage is three layers of cage positions, and a nipple type drinking fountain can drink water freely, 8:00 and 16: feeding for 2 times at 00 times, freely feeding, controlling the temperature at 25 +/-3 ℃, illuminating for 16 h every day, cleaning manure for 1 time, naturally ventilating the chicken house and keeping the air quality in the chicken house good.
2. The test indexes are as follows: the test indexes include production performance index and egg quality index of egg-laying hen
The production performance index is as follows: taking repetition as a unit, recording related indexes of egg laying performance every day, including the number of eggs laid, the egg weight and the number of broken eggs of each repeated laying hen of a test group of laying hens, and calculating the daily average egg laying weight, the average egg weight, the egg laying rate and the egg breaking rate according to the egg laying number, the egg weight and the broken egg weight.
And counting the feed consumption once a week by taking the repetition as a unit, namely calculating the residual feed amount according to the addition amount and the residual feed amount in the feed tank, and calculating the daily average feed intake and the feed-egg ratio according to the calculated residual feed amount.
And (3) determining the quality index of the eggs: at the end of the test, 30 eggs were randomly collected in each repeat for testing egg quality index.
3. Test results and analysis
3.1 Influence of the respective treatment groups on the production Performance
As can be seen from the data in table 3, compared with the group a of the control group, the addition of 5-ALA (group B), vitamin E (group C), ferrous glycine (group D) and the synergistic addition of 50 g/T5-ALA, 100g/T vitamin E and 100g/T ferrous glycine (group E) to the basal diet did not significantly affect the daily feed intake, egg weight and feed-egg ratio of the laying hens (P > 0.05), wherein the effects of the group B and the group E on the feed-egg ratio were decreased; compared with a control group A, the egg breaking rate is obviously reduced (P is less than 0.05) after 5-ALA is added (group B); the group E with the synergistic addition of 50 g/T5-ALA, 100g/T vitamin E and 100g/T ferrous glycinate reduces the egg breaking rate of the laying hens from 0.764 percent to 0.245 percent, and has obvious difference (P is less than 0.05), while the independent addition of the vitamin E (group C) and the ferrous glycinate (group D) has the effect of reducing the egg breaking rate, but does not show obvious difference.
As can be seen from FIG. 1 and Table 4, compared with group A, the effects of the group B, the group C, the group D and the group E on the laying rate of the laying hens at the later period are different by respectively adding 5-ALA, vitamin E and ferrous glycinate and synergistically adding 50 g/T5-ALA, 100g/T vitamin E and 100g/T ferrous glycinate; wherein, compared with the group A, the egg laying rate reduction rate of the group B after adding 5-ALA is obviously reduced, and the reduction rate is obviously lower than that of the group C after adding vitamin E alone and that of the group D after adding ferrous glycinate alone; meanwhile, the group E added with 50 g/T5-ALA, 100g/T vitamin E and 100g/T ferrous glycinate synergistically has the most obvious effect of inhibiting the rate of laying rate reduction of the laying hens, and shows that the synergistic use of 5-ALA, vitamin E and ferrous glycinate has the best effect of maintaining the prolongation of the laying period of the laying hens and has obvious difference with other groups; through comprehensive comparison and analysis, the control group A and the test groups B, C, D and E show that the laying rate is gradually reduced along with the increase of the daily age, while the laying rate of the test group E is kept relatively high all the time, and the reduction rate of the laying rate is as follows: e is more than B, more than C, more than D and less than A.
3.2 Influence of each processing group on egg quality
As can be seen from table 5, the influence of the groups B, C, D, and E on the egg quality was significantly different compared to the group a. In the aspect of eggshell strength, compared with A, the B group is added with 5-ALA, the E group is synergistically added with 50 g/T5-ALA, 100g/T vitamin E and 100g/T ferrous glycine, the B group and the E group both improve the eggshell strength (P is less than 0.05), but the E group added with 5-ALA, vitamin E and ferrous glycine synergistically has the best effect; each treatment group has an improvement effect on the Hardgrove unit, and although each group does not show obvious difference, the E group has the optimal effect; each treatment group has no obvious influence on the weight of the eggshell; the result of the eggshell thickness data shows that the other treatment groups show the effect of improving the eggshell thickness except for the D group ferrous glycinate group which has no obvious enhancement to the eggshell thickness, but the B group and the E group effectively improve the eggshell thickness with obvious difference (P < 0.05).
As can be seen from fig. 2, groups B, C, D, E have an improved effect on the eggshell color compared to group a, where group E has the best eggshell color.
Example 2 Effect of different vitamins and different iron combinations on laying rate of laying hens in later period of laying
1. Design of experiments
16200 66 weeks old Hailan brown laying hens were selected and randomly divided into 9 groups of 6 replicates each with 300 replicates each. The contents of other nutrient components of the raw materials refer to 'Chinese feed components and nutrient value table 2017', and the nutrient requirement refers to NRC (1994) laying hen feeding standard. The feeding test is carried out in a Beijing challenged group obeying animal test base, the test process is conventional feeding, free food and water drinking, and immunization and medication are operated according to immune program and medication guide of chicken farms. The test period was 42 days. During the test period, the related indexes of egg laying performance are recorded every day by taking the repetition as a unit, including the egg laying number of each repeated laying hen of the test group laying hen. Feeding test at 42 days of age, randomly extracting 6 layers of laying hens which have been fasted for 12 hours, collecting blood from heart, placing the blood into EDTA-K2 anticoagulation tube, and detecting red blood cell number RBC, hemoglobin concentration HGB and hematocrit PCV by using full-automatic blood analyzer. Data analysis was performed using SPSS17.0 software ANOVO module one-way analysis. The control group was fed basal diet, and the test groups were each supplemented with different formula products in the basal diet, the experimental design is shown in table 6:
2. test results and analysis
As can be seen from table 7 and fig. 3, the laying rate of the laying hens in the later period of laying is in a descending trend, and the descending amplitude of the laying curve has different effects on the elongation of the laying rate in the later period of laying by different daily ration treatment groups under the condition that the genetic effect, the chicken variety, the strain, the feeding and management conditions and the like are consistent. The influence of the synergistic use of the 5-ALA, different vitamins and different iron agents on the laying rate is compared among the groups, and the comprehensive result shows that the effect of the synergistic use of the 5-ALA and the vitamins and the iron agents in the groups of 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 on the laying rate is better than that of the groups of 1, 2, 3 and 4 which are used independently, wherein the effect of the synergistic use of the 5-ALA, the ferrous glycinate and the vitamin E in the group of 6 on the reduction of the laying rate is obviously strongest.
As can be seen from the results in table 8, the effect of each test group on the blood index of the layer chicken is different from that of the control group. The test 5 group, the test 6 group, the test 7 group, the test 8 group and the test 9 group all can remarkably improve the red blood cell number RBC (P < 0.05) of the laying hen at 42d compared with the control group, wherein the test 6 group also has a remarkable difference (P < 0.05) compared with the test 5 group, the test 7 group, the test 8 group and the test 9 group; compared with the control group, the test groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 have no significant difference (P is more than 0.05) in the number of erythrocytes, which indicates that the improvement effect on the blood index of the laying hens in the later period of laying is not obvious when each component is singly applied, and simultaneously, after 50 g/T5-ALA, 100g/T ferrous glycinate and 150g/T vitamin E are synergistically used in basic daily ration, the in-vivo hemoglobin content HGB and the erythrocyte volume PCV in the 42d period of the laying hens have significant effects (P is less than 0.05) compared with the control group and other treatment groups, which indicates that the 5-ALA, ferrous glycinate and vitamin E can synergistically improve the broiler chicken capacity, and the effect is significantly better than that of 5-ALA, ferrous glycinate, vitamin C (test group 5), 5-ALA, ferrous glycinate, vitamin A (test group 7), 5-ALA, ferrous chloride, vitamin E (test group 8), 5-ALA, ferrous carbonate and vitamin E (test group 9).
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying period of the laying hens is characterized by being prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 10-40% of 5-aminolevulinic acid active ingredient, 20-60% of vitamin E, 20-60% of ferrous glycinate and 10-50% of carrier; the 5-aminolevulinic acid active ingredient is selected from one or more of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 5-aminolevulinic acid derivatives or 5-aminolevulinic acid salts; the adding proportion of the 5-aminolevulinic acid active ingredient in the layer feed is 50g/t, the adding proportion of the ferrous glycinate in the layer feed is 100g/t, and the adding proportion of the vitamin E in the layer feed is 150g/t.
2. The feed additive for prolonging the egg laying period of laying hens according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid active ingredients to ferrous glycinate to vitamin E is 1.
3. The feed additive for prolonging the egg laying period of laying hens of claim 1, wherein the carrier is at least one selected from corn starch, wheat starch, tapioca starch, potato starch, beta-cyclodextrin, maltodextrin, modified starch, rice hull powder, corncob powder, zeolite powder and bentonite.
4. The use of the feed additive for increasing the egg-laying period of laying hens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed additive is applied to the feed for laying hens in the later period of egg laying.
5. The use of the feed additive for prolonging the egg laying period of laying hens as claimed in claim 4, wherein the laying anaphase is 59 weeks old.
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| CN107637579A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-30 | 孝感市鲁建农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Royal chicken cultural method |
| CN111869788A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-11-03 | 新希望六和股份有限公司 | Biological feed for improving laying performance and egg quality of laying hens in later period of egg laying and preparation method thereof |
| CN112075546A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-15 | 北京挑战农业科技有限公司 | Feed additive for improving oxygen-gaining capability of poultry and application thereof |
| CN113170840A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-27 | 河南邑鸿善成生物技术有限公司 | Feed additive containing 5-aminolevulinic acid and ferrous glycinate as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114158657A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-11 | 北京挑战农业科技有限公司 | Functional amino acid for improving oxidation resistance and immunity of poultry and application thereof |
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