CN115015387A - Fillet weld ultrasonic detection method applying reference block - Google Patents

Fillet weld ultrasonic detection method applying reference block Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115015387A
CN115015387A CN202210607789.1A CN202210607789A CN115015387A CN 115015387 A CN115015387 A CN 115015387A CN 202210607789 A CN202210607789 A CN 202210607789A CN 115015387 A CN115015387 A CN 115015387A
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defects
reference block
fillet weld
root
wall thickness
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CN202210607789.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王沛
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Huaneng Gansu Xigu Thermal Power Co ltd
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Huaneng Gansu Xigu Thermal Power Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/041—Analysing solids on the surface of the material, e.g. using Lamb, Rayleigh or shear waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/30—Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
    • G01N29/4436—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with a reference signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4463—Signal correction, e.g. distance amplitude correction [DAC], distance gain size [DGS], noise filtering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023—Solids
    • G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/267—Welds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

An ultrasonic detection method for fillet weld by using a reference block. At present, magnetic powder or penetration detection is generally adopted for routine nondestructive fillet welding, the methods only finish detection on the surface of the fillet welding, the overproof defect of the surface of the fillet welding can be found and eliminated, but important parts need to test the internal quality of the fillet welding. Scanning defects at the root of a reference block and defects within a wall thickness range from the root 1/2 by using a direct wave, scanning defects within a wall thickness range from the near surface to the surface 1/2 by using a secondary wave, drawing a DAC curve according to 3 points, detecting the root defects and the defects within a wall thickness range from the root 1/2 by using the direct wave, and judging whether the standard exceeds the standard or not according to the DAC curve; scanning defects in the wall thickness range close to the surface and far from the surface 1/2 by using secondary waves, and judging whether the defects exceed the standard or not according to a DAC curve. The ultrasonic detection device is used for ultrasonic detection of the fillet weld.

Description

Fillet weld ultrasonic detection method applying reference block
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to an ultrasonic detection method for a fillet weld by using a reference block.
The background art comprises the following steps:
in the construction process of large-scale projects such as thermal power plants, a large number of fillet welds exist in equipment installation and structural member assembly. At present, magnetic powder or penetration detection is generally adopted for routine nondestructive fillet welding, the methods only finish detection on the surface of the fillet welding, the overproof defect of the surface of the fillet welding can be found and eliminated, but important parts need to test the internal quality of the fillet welding.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide an ultrasonic detection method for a fillet weld by using a reference block.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
an ultrasonic fillet weld detection method using a reference block comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: scanning defects at the root of a reference block and defects within a wall thickness range from the root 1/2 by adopting direct waves, scanning defects within a wall thickness range from the near surface to the 1/2 surface by adopting secondary waves, drawing a DAC curve according to 3 points, determining a scanning line, a quantitative line and a waste judgment line, and using the DAC curve as fillet weld detection;
step two: detecting the defects of the root and the defects within the range of wall thickness from the root 1/2 by adopting direct waves, placing the probe on the web plate, directly reflecting the sound beam emitted by the ultrasonic probe by the defects of the root, and judging whether the defects exceed the standard or not according to a DAC curve;
step three: scanning defects in the wall thickness range close to the surface and far from the surface 1/2 by using secondary waves, placing the probe on the web, reflecting the sound beam emitted by the ultrasonic probe by the web to form secondary wave detection, and judging whether the secondary wave detection exceeds the standard or not according to the DAC curve.
The ultrasonic detection method for the fillet weld by using the reference block is characterized in that the reference block is a steel block with the cross section in the shape of the fillet weld, an artificial defect A and two artificial defects B are processed on the steel block, the artificial defect A and the two artificial defects B are arranged on an inclined line of 27.5 +/-2.5 degrees along the upper surface of the main plate, and the distance between the 3 artificial defects is 5mm
The fillet weld ultrasonic detection method using the reference block is characterized in that the artificial defect B is a circle with the diameter of 2mm, and the height of the artificial defect triangle A is 2 mm.
According to the fillet weld ultrasonic detection method using the reference block, the artificial defect A is a triangle, and the height of the artificial defect A is 2 mm.
Has the advantages that:
1. the reference block can be repeatedly used, is made of high-quality carbon steel, has high economy, can finish the fillet weld ultrasonic detection work from one side of the web plate, and has strong applicability and high application value.
2. The invention has high reliability of the reference block, can effectively avoid the omission or the misjudgment of welding defects, has simple process, strong adaptability and high popularization and application value.
3. The invention completes DAC curve making by comparing with the test block, and has accurate parameter debugging and high reliability.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic fillet weld anatomy;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a direct-wave primary scan;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a direct-wave secondary wave scan;
FIG. 6 is one of the schematic distance-amplitude curves;
FIG. 7 is a second graph of distance versus amplitude;
FIG. 8 is one of the schematic diagrams of reflected waves occurring in a region;
FIG. 9 is a second schematic diagram of a region showing reflected waves;
FIG. 10 is a third schematic diagram of a region in which a reflected wave occurs;
FIG. 11 is a fourth schematic diagram showing reflection of a region;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the distance traveled by the direct wave probe;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the displacement of a secondary wave probe.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1:
an ultrasonic fillet weld detection method using a reference block comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: for the root defects and the defects within the wall thickness range from the root 1/2, scanning is carried out by adopting direct waves, for the defects within the wall thickness range from the near surface to the surface 1/2, scanning is carried out by adopting secondary waves, a DAC curve is drawn according to 3 points, and scanning lines, quantitative lines and rejection judgment lines are determined and used for fillet weld detection, as shown in figure 4;
wherein:
h1: thickness of the main board in mm
H2: fillet thickness in mm
H3: web thickness in mm, H3 < H1
4: an ultrasonic probe;
step two: the root defects and the defects within the wall thickness range from the root 1/2 are detected by adopting direct waves, the probe is placed on the web plate, the ultrasonic probe transmits sound beams which are directly reflected by the root defects, and whether the standard exceeds the standard or not is judged according to a DAC curve, as shown in figure 5;
step three: scanning defects in the wall thickness range close to the surface and far from the surface 1/2 by using secondary waves, placing the probe on the web, reflecting the sound beam emitted by the ultrasonic probe by the web to form secondary wave detection, and judging whether the secondary wave detection exceeds the standard or not according to the DAC curve.
And (3) test block preparation: a piece of high-quality carbon steel forging of 120mm (L1) x 120mm (L2) x 80mm (L3) is machined in a mechanical mode into an actual fillet weld shape as shown in figure 1, wherein the section shape is the actual fillet weld shape, the main plate is H1, the height of a fillet weld leg of the fillet weld is H2, and the thickness of a web plate is H3.
In the second part, an artificial defect A, B is mechanically processed on a test block having a fillet shape in a processed cross section. The artificial defect A is a triangle, the center position is at a position which is far from the bottom edge H1, and defects such as incomplete root penetration, incomplete fusion and the like are simulated; the artificial defects B are circular, the defects such as air holes in the middle of the simulated weld joint, slag inclusion and the like are 2 in total, the defects are sequentially distributed in the simulated fillet weld joint and are arranged on an oblique line of 27.5 +/-2.5 degrees along the upper surface of the main plate, as shown in the front view of figure 1, the distance between the 3 artificial defects is 5mm, and the depth is 40mm (L4). The diameter of the artificial defect circle B is 2mm, and the height of the artificial defect triangle A is 2mm, as shown in figures 1 and 2;
wherein:
h1: thickness of the main board in mm
H2: fillet thickness in mm
H3: web thickness in mm, H3 < H1
L1: test block length in mm
L2: height of test block in mm, L1= L2
L3: test block width in mm
L4: length of artificial defect in mm, L3=2L4
A: triangular artificial defect
B: circular artificial defects;
a schematic view of the weld is shown in figure 3,
wherein:
h1: thickness of the main board in mm
H2: fillet thickness in mm
H3: web thickness in mm, H3 < H1
Main board (Black outline area)
2: fillet weld (red outline region), region to be inspected
3: a web (green outline area) for placing the probe;
distance-amplitude curve preparation:
the invention is used for drawing 1 basic curve for 3 holes with phi 2 multiplied by 40mm on a test block, as shown in figure 6;
wherein:
1 (point A): comparing the triangular artificial defects at the bottom of the test block;
2 (point B1): comparing the artificial defects of the middle circle of the test block;
3 (point B2): comparing the circular artificial defects on the inclined surface of the test block;
on the basis of 1 basic curve (pink) drawn in fig. 6, the curve is adjusted according to the gain (dB) value in table 1, and three curves for fillet weld ultrasonic detection are obtained: scanning lines (green), quantitative lines (blue) and waste judgment lines (red) are shown in figure 7 and are used as the judgment basis for the fillet weld ultrasonic detection defects.
TABLE 1 fillet weld detection sensitivity
Name of curve Scanning line (EL) Quantitative line (SL) Discriminant line (RL)
Gain adjustment Ф2×40-16dB Ф2×40-10dB Ф2×40-2dB
Wherein: EL: scanning line
SL: quantitative line
RL: waste judgment line
According to the 3 drawn curves, the coordinate interface is divided into: and (3) sequentially judging the weld defects in the I, II and III areas according to the positions of the weld defect waves.
The method for judging the weld defects comprises the following steps:
reflected waves occurring in the region below zone i are not recorded, as shown in fig. 8;
and (3) region I: evaluating the area between the lines and the quantitative lines (including the quantitative lines), and only measuring and recording the defect indication length when reflected waves appear in the area as shown in FIG. 9;
and (2) zone II: the area between the quantitative line and the discriminant line (including the discriminant line) is shown in fig. 10, and the reflection chamber is present in the area to measure the length of the defect indication, so as to determine whether the defect indication is qualified according to the length.
Zone III: and judging the area above the waste line, and judging that the welding quality is unqualified when the defect reflection waves appear in the area as shown in figure 11.
Defective reflection waves appear in the I area and the II area, and if cracks can be judged according to experience, unqualified welding seams are directly judged;
weld detection registration determination basis:
and (3) the fillet weld ultrasonic detection qualification standard is as follows: grade I;
the weld quality ratings are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 quality grading Table
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Wherein: t specimen thickness in mm.
Moving distance of the welding seam detection probe:
direct wave detection: the moving distance S1 of the probe is more than or equal to 0.75P as shown in figure 12;
secondary wave detection: the moving distance S2 of the probe is more than or equal to 1.25P as shown in FIG. 13;
wherein: s1: the moving distance of the direct wave probe is unit mm;
s1: moving distance of the secondary wave probe in unit mm;
p: span, unit mm;
k: the tangent value of the refraction angle of the probe;
t: thickness of the test piece in mm.
Example 2:
according to the ultrasonic fillet weld detection method using the reference block in the embodiment 1, the reference block is a steel block with a section in the shape of a fillet weld, an artificial defect A and two artificial defects B are processed on the steel block, the artificial defect A and the two artificial defects B are arranged on an inclined line of 27.5 +/-2.5 degrees of the upper surface of a main plate, and the distance between the 3 artificial defects is 5 mm.
Example 3:
according to the fillet weld ultrasonic detection method of the comparison test block in the embodiment 1 or 2, the artificial defect B is a circle with the diameter of 2mm, and the height of the artificial defect triangle A is 2 mm.
Example 4:
according to the fillet weld ultrasonic detection method using the reference block in the embodiment 1, 2 or 3, the artificial defect A is a triangle and the height thereof is 2 mm.

Claims (4)

1. An ultrasonic detection method for fillet weld by using a reference block is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: scanning defects at the root of a reference block and defects within a wall thickness range from the root 1/2 by adopting direct waves, scanning defects within a wall thickness range from the near surface to the 1/2 surface by adopting secondary waves, drawing a DAC curve according to 3 points, determining a scanning line, a quantitative line and a waste judgment line, and using the DAC curve as fillet weld detection;
step two: detecting the defects of the root and the defects within the range of wall thickness from the root 1/2 by adopting direct waves, placing the probe on the web plate, directly reflecting the sound beam emitted by the ultrasonic probe by the defects of the root, and judging whether the defects exceed the standard or not according to a DAC curve;
step three: scanning defects in the wall thickness range close to the surface and far from the surface 1/2 by using secondary waves, placing the probe on the web, reflecting the sound beam emitted by the ultrasonic probe by the web to form secondary wave detection, and judging whether the secondary wave detection exceeds the standard or not according to the DAC curve.
2. The ultrasonic fillet weld inspection method using the reference block as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cross-sectional shape of the reference block is a steel block in the shape of a fillet weld, an artificial defect A and two artificial defects B are processed on the steel block, the distance between the 3 artificial defects is 5mm on an inclined line of 27.5 +/-2.5 degrees of the upper surface of the main plate.
3. The ultrasonic fillet weld inspection method using the reference block as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the artificial defect B is a circle with the diameter of 2mm, and the height of the artificial defect triangle A is 2 mm.
4. The ultrasonic fillet weld inspection method using the reference block as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the artificial defect A is a triangle, and the height of the artificial defect A is 2 mm.
CN202210607789.1A 2022-05-31 2022-05-31 Fillet weld ultrasonic detection method applying reference block Pending CN115015387A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210607789.1A CN115015387A (en) 2022-05-31 2022-05-31 Fillet weld ultrasonic detection method applying reference block

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210607789.1A CN115015387A (en) 2022-05-31 2022-05-31 Fillet weld ultrasonic detection method applying reference block

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115015387A true CN115015387A (en) 2022-09-06

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