CN115015073A - Testing device and testing method for water injection test - Google Patents

Testing device and testing method for water injection test Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115015073A
CN115015073A CN202210164161.9A CN202210164161A CN115015073A CN 115015073 A CN115015073 A CN 115015073A CN 202210164161 A CN202210164161 A CN 202210164161A CN 115015073 A CN115015073 A CN 115015073A
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water
test
water injection
water level
test section
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄琨
李士明
王宗星
常威
赵恒�
武力伟
蒋欣静
万永良
万军伟
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Changjiang Geotechnical Engineering Co ltd
China University of Geosciences
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Changjiang Geotechnical Engineering Co ltd
China University of Geosciences
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Priority to CN202210164161.9A priority Critical patent/CN115015073A/en
Publication of CN115015073A publication Critical patent/CN115015073A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • G01N15/0806Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a testing device and a testing method thereof for a water injection test, the device comprises a water-stop sealing air bag which is movably arranged in a drill hole and can be inflated and expanded at a first set position in the drill hole and be contacted with the hole wall of the drill hole so as to form a test section above the water-stop sealing air bag; the water injection assembly is used for injecting water into the test section; the measuring component is arranged in the test section and used for measuring the water level change in the test section; the testing method comprises the steps of acquiring the change relation between the water level and the time in real time through the measuring assembly, and then calculating the permeability coefficient. The invention has simple structure and easy operation, can realize the control of water injection quantity and can obtain the test result in real time.

Description

Testing device and testing method for water injection test
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological survey, in particular to a testing device and a testing method for a water injection test.
Background
In the engineering construction process of water conservancy and hydropower dams, traffic tunnels and the like, the rock-soil layer serving as a dam body or the rock-soil layer serving as a tunnel body is generally required to be measured and evaluated for the crack development degree and the water permeability so as to ensure that the constructed rock-soil layer meets the requirements, and the permeability coefficient is one of important parameters for evaluating the crack development degree and the water permeability.
At present, soil body in-situ test is one of important measures for measuring and evaluating the crack development degree and water permeability of the rock-soil layer, and is used for measuring the performance index of the rock-soil layer at the original position of the rock-soil layer under the condition of basically keeping a natural structure and natural water content. The water injection test is an in-situ test method for determining the permeability coefficient of the rock-soil layer by drilling holes in the rock-soil layer and injecting water into the drilled holes. The water injection test is generally divided into a drilling constant head water injection test and a drilling falling head water injection test, wherein the drilling constant head water injection test is used for measuring the change rate of the water injection quantity of the rock-soil layer along with time under the condition that the height of a water head (water level) is kept constant, and the drilling falling head water injection test is used for measuring the change rate of the height of the water head (water level) along with time so as to determine the permeability coefficient of the rock-soil layer.
In the engineering application process, the general process of the water injection test is as follows: firstly, a drilling machine is adopted to drill a hole, firstly, the rock-soil layer of the non-test section is drilled through in the drilling process, then, the sleeve is arranged in the rock-soil layer of the non-test section so as to achieve the purposes of protecting the hole wall and separating the rock-soil layer of the non-test section, after the sleeve is arranged, the hole is continuously drilled until the rock-soil layer of the test section is drilled through, and finally, a water injection test can be started so as to test the permeability coefficient of the rock-soil layer of the test section. When carrying out the water injection experiment through this mode, the position that is located the hole bottom can only be selected to the ground layer of experimental section, and simultaneously, because the influence of ground layer natural water content, its bottom can form natural groundwater level after drilling is accomplished, and natural groundwater level has great influence to the test that is located the osmotic coefficient of the experimental section ground layer of hole bottom, lead to the inaccuracy of test result easily, and this method step gathers loaded down with trivial details, the operation is complicated, the efficiency of software testing is low, it is difficult to guarantee the sleeve pipe and its in close contact with when separating non-experimental section ground layer absolutely, thereby lead to the stagnant water effect that forms to non-experimental section ground layer relatively poor easily, and then influence experimental section ground layer test result easily.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, in order to select different positions in a drill hole as test sections during a water injection test and avoid the influence of a natural underground water level on a test result of the test sections, embodiments of the present invention provide a test apparatus for a water injection test and a test method thereof.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a testing apparatus for a water injection test, including:
the water-stop sealing air bag is movably arranged in the drill hole, can be inflated and expanded at a first set position in the drill hole and is in contact with the wall of the drill hole so as to form a test section above the water-stop sealing air bag;
the water injection assembly is used for injecting water into the test section;
and the measuring component is arranged in the test section and used for measuring the water level change in the test section.
Further, the water injection subassembly includes water tank, suction pump and controller, wherein the suction pump submergence set up be equipped with water in the water tank just the suction pump pass through the water injection pipe with drilling is connected, be equipped with the flowmeter on the water injection pipe, the controller respectively with the suction pump with flowmeter electric connection.
Further, the measuring component comprises a water level automatic recorder, a data acquisition analyzer and a cable reel, wherein the cable reel is erected on the ground and located above the drill hole, the water level automatic recorder is arranged at a second set position in the test section through the cable output end of the cable reel in a hanging mode, and the data acquisition analyzer is arranged at the second set position in the test section through the cable reel and the water level automatic recorder in an electric connection mode.
Further, the subaerial base that is equipped with in drilling top, the lower extreme and ground fixed connection, the upper end of base are equipped with the cable drum just the cable output of cable drum extends to second in the test section sets for position department, the central line of base with the axial lead of drilling coincides mutually.
Furthermore, the inside dado sleeve pipe that is equipped with in the upper end of drilling, the upper end of dado sleeve pipe extend to in the base, the external diameter of dado sleeve pipe with the internal diameter looks adaptation of drilling.
Further, the data acquisition analyzer comprises a data acquisition end and a data analysis end, wherein the data analysis end is electrically connected with the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end is electrically connected with the automatic water level recorder through the cable reel.
Further, the controller is a PLC controller, the controller is set to be a programmable controller with a timer, and the controller is further connected with an external power supply.
Further, the water-stop sealing air bag is connected with an external air source through an air pipe and is made of elastic rubber materials.
Furthermore, the flowmeter is an electromagnetic flowmeter, and the cable reel is provided with scale marks.
According to the test device for the water injection test, a test method is provided, and the test method comprises the following steps:
s1, drilling a drilled hole, assembling and placing a water injection assembly;
s2, installing a water-stop sealing air bag at a first set position in the drill hole and inflating the water-stop sealing air bag to form a test section above the water-stop sealing air bag, and then assembling and placing a test component;
s3, injecting water into the test section through the water injection assembly, stopping injecting water after the water level reaches a certain height, then waiting for the water level to drop and recover to the original position, and recording the change relation between the water level in the hole and the time in real time through the test assembly in the whole process;
and S4, obtaining the shape parameters of the drill hole, and calculating the permeability coefficient of the test section according to a permeability coefficient calculation formula.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, a water injection assembly capable of controlling flow is adopted, so that full-automatic water injection is realized, and the requirement of any water injection amount can be met more accurately;
secondly, the water level data is detected in real time in the water injection test process through the water level automatic recorder, and the relation between the water level and the time is displayed in real time through the data acquisition analyzer, so that a user can observe the test result in real time in the test process;
thirdly, the water-stopping sealing air bag can be always kept in close contact with the hole wall after being inflated, so that the water-stopping effect of the water-stopping sealing air bag on a non-test section rock-soil layer is improved, and the test precision and the accuracy of a result are further ensured;
fourthly, by changing the installation position of the water stop sealing air bag in the drill hole, the test section rock-soil layers at different positions can be selected and the water stop requirement of the test section rock-soil layers can be met;
fifthly, the influence of the natural water level on the test result can be reduced by the watertight sealing air bag.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing device for a water injection test according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of water level in the test section over time throughout the test of this embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a graph of water level in the test section after pump shutdown as a function of time in this embodiment;
in the figure: 1-water pump, 2-water tank, 3-water injection pipe, 4-flowmeter, 5-controller, 6-base, 7-wall protection sleeve, 8-water level automatic recorder, 9-natural water level, 10-cable output end, 11-cable disc, 12-data acquisition end, 13-data analysis end, 14-power supply, 15-water stop sealing air bag, 16-drill hole and 17-air pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a testing apparatus for a water injection test and a testing method thereof, the testing apparatus mainly includes a water-stop sealing air bag 15, a water injection assembly, and a measuring assembly.
In an actual working condition, a borehole 16 for a water injection test needs to be drilled on a rock-soil layer to be tested through external drilling equipment, and due to the influence of the natural structure and the natural water content of the rock-soil layer, a natural water level 9 is formed at the bottom of the borehole 16 after the drilling is completed.
The water-stop air-seal bag 15 is movably arranged in the drilling hole 16, and the water-stop air-seal bag 15 is connected with an external air source through an air pipe 17, so that the water-stop air-seal bag 15 can be inflated according to test requirements; in this embodiment, the water stop sealing balloon 15 is made of an elastic rubber material, the water stop sealing balloon 15 is disposed at a first set position in the bore 16, and the water stop sealing balloon 15 can be in close contact with the wall of the bore 16 after inflation so as to form a test section above the water stop sealing balloon 15, so that the test section above the water stop sealing balloon 15 can be separated from a non-test section below the water stop sealing balloon 15, and a water stop effect can be generated on the non-test section.
The first set position can be adjusted up and down according to the length and the position of the test section selected in the actual working condition, so that the water stop sealing air bag 15 can meet the breaking of the test section with any length and any position; in this embodiment, the first set position is below the natural water level 9.
The water injection assembly is used for injecting water into a test section and comprises a water tank 2, a water suction pump 1 and a controller 5, in the embodiment, the water tank 2 is filled with water, the water suction pump 1 is arranged in the water tank 2 in an immersed mode, and the water suction pump 2 is connected with the drill hole 16 through a water injection pipe 3, so that the water in the water tank 2 can be injected into the test section above the water stop sealing air bag 15 through the water suction pump 1 during testing; be equipped with flowmeter 4 on water injection pipe 3, flowmeter 4 is electromagnetic flowmeter for carry out data detection to the instantaneous flow and the accumulative total flow of the water of pouring into in the test section when experimental, controller 5 respectively with flowmeter 4 with suction pump 1 electric connection, just controller 5 still is connected with outside power 14, controller 5 is used for accepting the data that flowmeter 4 detected, and according to data control the switch of suction pump 1 to the automation of water injection when realizing the experiment.
In this embodiment, the controller 5 is a PLC controller, and the controller 5 is a programmable controller with a timer, before a test is started, a control program is programmed and stored in the controller 5 according to a test requirement, when a test water injection is started, the flowmeter 4 transmits data of detected instantaneous flow and accumulated flow to the controller 5 in real time, the controller 5 processes and stores the received data, and controls the on-off of the water pump 1 according to the data and a program programmed in advance, so as to realize controllable water injection into the borehole 16, and meanwhile, in an actual working condition test process, the operating power, the operating time and the like of the water pump 1 can be set in advance according to requirements, so as to realize the purpose of timing and quantitative water injection into a test session.
The water level measuring device is characterized in that a base 6 is arranged on the ground above the drilling hole 16, the lower end of the base 6 is fixedly connected with the ground, the central line of the base 6 is overlapped with the axial lead of the drilling hole 16, the measuring assembly is erected in a test section above the water stop air bag 15 through the base 6, and the measuring assembly is used for measuring the water level change in the test section during testing.
The measuring assembly comprises an automatic water level recorder 8, a data acquisition analyzer and a cable drum 11, wherein the cable drum 11 is arranged at the upper end of the base 6, scale marks capable of measuring length are arranged on the cable drum 11, a cable output end 10 of the cable drum 11 extends to a second set position in a test section, the automatic water level recorder 8 is electrically connected with the cable output end 10, the automatic water level recorder 8 is hung at the second set position through the cable output end 10, and the second set position can be selected according to the requirements of actual working conditions and can be checked through the scale marks on the cable drum 11 to ensure accuracy; in this embodiment, the second setting position is located below the natural water level 9 to ensure that the automatic water level recorder 8 is submerged in the natural water level 9, the first setting position is located below the second setting position, the measurement error range of the automatic water level recorder 8 is ± 2 mm, the automatic water level recorder 8 is configured to detect water level data in a test section in real time, and before starting a test, the automatic water level recorder 8 records water level data of the natural water level 9, which is equivalent to providing a reference datum plane for detecting the water level data after starting the test; the data acquisition analyzer is electrically connected with the cable reel 11, after a test is started, the water level automatic recorder 8 detects water level data in real time and uploads the water level data to the data acquisition analyzer, the data acquisition analyzer processes and analyzes the received water level data and displays the change relation between the water level and the time, and therefore the permeability coefficient of a test section can be calculated through the change relation between the water level and the time.
The data acquisition analyzer comprises a data acquisition end 12 and a data analysis end 13, wherein the data analysis end 13 is electrically connected with the cable reel 11 through the data acquisition end 12, a data acquisition related program is stored in the data acquisition end 12 in advance, a data analysis related program is stored in the data analysis end 13 in advance, the data acquisition end 12 is used for acquiring water level data detected by the water level automatic recorder 8 and uploading the water level data to the data analysis end 13, and the data analysis end 13 analyzes and processes the water level data and displays the change relation between the water level and the time.
The inside dado sleeve pipe 8 that is equipped with in upper end of drilling 16, the upper end of dado sleeve pipe 8 extends to inside the base 6, the external diameter of dado sleeve pipe 8 with the internal diameter looks adaptation of drilling 16, in this embodiment, the outer wall of dado sleeve pipe 8 with the pore wall of drilling 16 closely laminates each other, just so can pass through dado sleeve pipe 8 is right the pore wall of drilling 16 protects the prevention and cure deformation that collapses, in operating condition, the length of dado sleeve pipe 8 is according to drilling 16's wholeness can, satisfy the protection the pore wall demand of drilling 16 can.
The embodiment also provides a testing method of the testing device for the water injection test, which comprises the following steps:
and S1, drilling a drill hole, and assembling and placing a water injection assembly.
Specifically, the drill hole 16 is drilled according to the requirements of a drill hole test, then the natural water level 9 in the drill hole 16 is observed, the position of the natural water level 9 is recorded to serve as a reference datum plane for recording water level data in a subsequent water injection test, then the wall protection sleeve 7 and the base 6 are installed according to the requirements of actual working conditions, and finally the water injection assembly is assembled and placed.
And S2, installing a water-stop air-seal bag at a first set position in the drilled hole and inflating the water-stop air-seal bag to form a test section above the water-stop air-seal bag, and then assembling and placing the test assembly.
Specifically, the first setting position is determined according to the length and the position of the selected test section in the actual working condition, the water stop sealing air bag 15 is installed at the first setting position, then the water stop sealing air bag 15 is inflated to separate the test section from the non-test section in the drill hole 16, and further reduce the influence of the non-test section on the measurement result of the test section, in this embodiment, the first setting position is below the natural water level 9, the water stop sealing air bag 15 is immersed in the natural water level 9, then the measurement assembly is assembled and placed, and meanwhile, the automatic water level recorder 8 is ensured to be at the second setting position.
Further, in this embodiment, the second setting position is located below the natural water level 9, and the first setting position is located below the second setting position, and the second setting position may be determined according to actual operating condition requirements, and is not limited to the position in this embodiment.
S3, injecting water into the test section through the water injection assembly, stopping injecting water after the water level reaches a certain height, then waiting for the water level to drop and recover to the original position, and recording the change relation between the water level in the hole and the time in real time through the test assembly in the whole process.
Specifically, begin the water injection test, through water suction pump 1 is to the interior water injection of test section, until the water level in the test section reaches and sets for the height, set for the height and can confirm according to demand among the operating condition, close after the water level reaches and sets for the height water suction pump 1 later waits for the water level to descend and resume to original position, in this embodiment, original position is natural water level 9. In the whole water injection test, the water level automatic recorder 8 records the change relation between water level data and time during water injection in real time, and records the change relation between water level reduction and time after the pump is stopped.
To facilitate understanding of the recording of the water level data in the test section during the whole test process, please refer to fig. 2 and 3, in fig. 2 and 3, the abscissa represents time and the ordinate represents water level data, wherein fig. 2 is a graph showing the change of the water level in the test section with time during the whole test process of the embodiment, and fig. 3 is a graph showing the change of the water level in the test section with time after the pump is stopped in the embodiment. In fig. 2, a complete test process is shown from point a to point D, the AB section shows the natural water level 9 observed before the test section is filled with water, the BC section shows the time-dependent change of the water level when the test section is filled with water, the C section shows that the water level reaches a set height, and the CD section shows the process of returning the water level to the natural water level 9 after the pump is stopped; in the present embodiment, fig. 3 is a detailed process of the water level of the CD section of fig. 2 varying with time.
And S4, obtaining the shape parameters of the drill hole, and calculating the permeability coefficient of the test section according to a permeability coefficient calculation formula.
Specifically, the permeability coefficient is calculated by the formula
Figure BDA0003515493210000091
The water injection test method can be obtained by inquiring according to a drilling water injection test standard, wherein K represents the permeability coefficient of a test section and the unit is cm/s; t is t 1 And t 2 The unit of the test time at a certain moment in the whole test process is min, and the test time can be obtained by inquiring in fig. 2 and 3; h 1 And H 2 Expressed as at test time t 1 、t 2 The time water level data with the unit of cm can be obtained by inquiring from the graph 2 and the graph 3; r represents the aperture of the test section, the unit is cm, and the aperture is measured and obtained before K is calculated; the A represents the shape coefficient of the drilled hole, the unit is cm, the A is generally obtained according to the drilled hole water injection test standard and by combining actual experience, and in the embodiment, the A is determined according to the rule experience that when the ratio of the horizontal permeability coefficient to the vertical permeability coefficient is 1, 0.5 and 0.1, the A is 10937, 11429 and 12764 respectively.
In practical applications, it can be understood that, when the water level data recording conditions are obtained in step S3, that is, fig. 2 and fig. 3 are obtained, the related data of the borehole constant head water injection test and the borehole reduced head water injection test can also be obtained according to requirements, and are not limited by the data obtained in this embodiment.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A test device for water injection tests, comprising:
the water-stop sealing air bag is movably arranged in the drill hole, can be inflated and expanded at a first set position in the drill hole and is in contact with the wall of the drill hole so as to form a test section above the water-stop sealing air bag;
the water injection assembly is used for injecting water into the test section;
and the measuring component is arranged in the test section and used for measuring the water level change in the test section.
2. A test device for water injection test as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the water injection subassembly includes water tank, suction pump and controller, wherein the suction pump submergence set up be equipped with water in the water tank just the suction pump pass through the water injection pipe with drilling is connected, be equipped with the flowmeter on the water injection pipe, the controller respectively with the suction pump with flowmeter electric connection.
3. A test device for water injection test as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the measuring component comprises a water level automatic recorder, a data acquisition analyzer and a cable reel, wherein the cable reel is erected on the ground and located above the drilling hole, the water level automatic recorder passes through a cable output end of the cable reel is hung and arranged at a second set position in the test section, and the data acquisition analyzer passes through the cable reel and the water level automatic recorder electrically connected.
4. A test device for water injection test as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the subaerial base that is equipped with of drilling top, the lower extreme and ground fixed connection, the upper end of base are equipped with the cable drum just the cable output of cable drum extends to second in the experimental section sets for position department, the central line of base with the axial lead of drilling coincides mutually.
5. A test device for water injection test as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the drilling device is characterized in that a wall protection sleeve is arranged inside the upper end of the drilling hole, the upper end of the wall protection sleeve extends into the base, and the outer diameter of the wall protection sleeve is matched with the inner diameter of the drilling hole.
6. A test device for water injection test as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the data acquisition analyzer comprises a data acquisition end and a data analysis end, wherein the data analysis end is electrically connected with the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end is electrically connected with the automatic water level recorder through the cable reel.
7. A test device for water injection test as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the controller is a PLC controller, the controller is set to be a programmable controller with a timer, and the controller is further connected with an external power supply.
8. A test device for water injection test as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the water-stopping sealing air bag is connected with an external air source through an air pipe and is made of elastic rubber materials.
9. A test device for water injection test as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the flowmeter is an electromagnetic flowmeter, and the cable drum is provided with scale marks.
10. A method of testing a test apparatus for a water flooding test as set forth in any one of claims 1-9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, drilling a drilled hole, assembling and placing a water injection assembly;
s2, installing a water-stop sealing air bag at a first set position in the drilled hole and inflating the water-stop sealing air bag to form a test section above the water-stop sealing air bag, and then assembling and placing a test assembly;
s3, injecting water into the test section through the water injection assembly, stopping injecting water after the water level reaches a certain height, then waiting for the water level to drop and recover to the original position, and recording the change relation between the water level in the hole and the time in real time through the test assembly in the whole process;
and S4, obtaining the shape parameters of the drill hole, and calculating the permeability coefficient of the test section according to a permeability coefficient calculation formula.
CN202210164161.9A 2022-02-22 2022-02-22 Testing device and testing method for water injection test Pending CN115015073A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116201530A (en) * 2023-05-04 2023-06-02 青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局) Drilling water level measurement system for hydrogeological survey
CN116840123A (en) * 2023-06-05 2023-10-03 长江岩土工程有限公司 Method for measuring permeability coefficient of confined aquifer/zone in engineering drilling section

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116201530A (en) * 2023-05-04 2023-06-02 青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局) Drilling water level measurement system for hydrogeological survey
CN116840123A (en) * 2023-06-05 2023-10-03 长江岩土工程有限公司 Method for measuring permeability coefficient of confined aquifer/zone in engineering drilling section

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