CN115009001A - 一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置 - Google Patents

一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置 Download PDF

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CN115009001A
CN115009001A CN202210473760.9A CN202210473760A CN115009001A CN 115009001 A CN115009001 A CN 115009001A CN 202210473760 A CN202210473760 A CN 202210473760A CN 115009001 A CN115009001 A CN 115009001A
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motor
quadrant
vehicle
quadrant motor
engine
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李剑平
胡前
仲大伟
刘冰
曹辞
谢毅
刘嘉璐
李显戴
谢文
王元真
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Dongfeng Trucks Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,包括发动机、离合器、锁止器、第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、行星齿轮系、第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机、一级减速器、驱动后桥;所述发动机经过离合器、锁止器将扭矩、转速传递给行星齿轮系中的行星架;第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机通过一级齿轮减速与行星齿轮系中的太阳轮相连接;第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机通过一级齿轮减速与行星齿轮系输出轴的外齿圈相连接;行星齿轮系输出轴与驱动后桥的驱动轴相连接。本发明在商用车混动领域对使用工况具有普适性,不同场景节油率可达10%~50+%,在中期具有较高的用户价值。

Description

一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置
技术领域
本发明属于混动E-CVT技术领域,具体涉及一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置。
背景技术
目前在商用车领域尚无具有用户价值的混动车,仅在技术领域做研究。商用车主要混动方案主要有:串联方案(增程式、e-POWER)、并联方案(P0构型、P1构型、P2构型)。根据不同使用场景选用不同混动方案及构型。
串联混动方案因柴油机的机械能均需转换为电动后,再由电机驱动整车,在大多数工况下会导致***效率降低,且成本与结构复杂度均较高,故在商用车领域该混动方案现阶段无用户价值。
P0并联混动方案对电池的依赖度不高、成本、结构复杂度、控制复杂度均较低,具备一定的用户价值,但其节油率较低。
P1并联混动方案成本高、控制自由度低,且纯电驱动需反拖发动机,造成***能量损失,现阶段无用户价值。
P2并联混动方案节油率高于P0、P1方案,但其成本较高,且只在特定场景具备一定用户价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决上述背景技术存在的不足,提供一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,在商用车混动领域对使用工况具有普适性,不同场景节油率可达10%~50+%,在中期具有较高的用户价值。
本发明采用的技术方案是:一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:包括发动机、离合器、锁止器、第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、行星齿轮系、第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机、一级减速器、驱动后桥;
所述发动机经过离合器、锁止器将扭矩、转速传递给行星齿轮系中的行星架;
所述第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机与发动机之间的连接方式为平行轴连接,第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机通过一级齿轮减速与行星齿轮系中的太阳轮相连接;
所述第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机与行星齿轮系输出轴之间的连接方式为同轴连接,第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机通过一级齿轮减速与行星齿轮系输出轴的外齿圈相连接;
行星齿轮系输出轴与驱动后桥的驱动轴相连接。
所述第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机为一组,所述第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机为一组,同一组四象限电机电机的转速、扭矩均相同,以保持所在齿轮***的平衡。
上述技术方案中,还包括多电机控制器;所述多电机控制器与第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机电连接。
上述技术方案中,当车辆处于起步、倒车工况时,锁止器将发动机锁止,发动机处于停机或怠速状态,此时整车为单电机驱动模式,多电机控制器根据整车驱动需求确定第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机的扭矩、转速需求。
上述技术方案中,当车辆处于制动工况、减速工况时,锁止器将发动机锁止,发动机处于停机或怠速状态,此时整车为单电机制动模式,实现制动能量回收;多电机控制器根据整车制动需求确定第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机的扭矩、转速需求。
上述技术方案中,当车辆处于正常行驶工况时,固定发动机在低油耗区工作,通过多电机控制器根据整车驱动需求确定第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机的输出扭矩,从而调整车辆速度;根据车速调整发动机转速,不同车速段对应的发动机转速不同,混动控制器会根据车速请求相应的发动机转速。
上述技术方案中,当车辆功率需求低时,车辆为行车发电模式,发动机工作,第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机处于发电机工作模式,通过多电机控制器调整发电量使***效率最优。
上述技术方案中,当车辆功率需求高时,车辆为混驱模式,发动机工作,第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机处于电动机工作模式,通过电池放电量使***效率最优。所述电池为是混动车辆上自带的高压电池。
上述技术方案中,通过调整两组四象限电机的转速及工作模式实现车速调整,且两组四象限电机的工作模式相反,所述工作模式包括电动机工作模式和发电机工作模式,且与车速相关。两组电机转速方向(正反转)、扭矩方向(正负)随车速变化而变化,且***分流比也不同。
上述技术方案中,当车辆需要加速时,发动机转速不变、扭矩增加;第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机转速在原转速方向降低,第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机功率同步降低,且第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机在该转速区间为发电状态;第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机转速升高,功率降低,且在该调速过程中消耗第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机的发电量用于驱动车辆,使车辆加速。
上述技术方案中,调速过程中的功率分流是不经过电池,直接由第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机经过整流器输入给第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机用以驱动车辆加速。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过双行星双电机混联方式实现E-CVT无级调速,相比传统变速箱结构简单、控制过程简化。本发明匹配的发动机可运行在比油耗较低、转速变化范围较窄的区域,可有效降低整车油耗。本发明随车速变化过程发动机转速在一定范围内可调整,而不是固定在一个转速点不变,可实现电机调速过程中功率分流不至太大,以降低能量转化过程中因电机发电、做功引起的功率损耗。本发明通过本构型的E-CVT可实现匹配电机小型化、多电机化、高速化的目的,可大幅降低电机重量、成本,有效提升电机功率和效率,使得电机在整车能量回收和驱动方面可以承担更多的权重和比例,从而使混动总成更具备FQCD价值。本发明通过锁止器可实现发动机从传递链中脱开实现电机单驱功能,避免反拖发动机造成***效率降低。本发明通过MMCU(多电机控制器)根据整车需求控制4个电机转速、扭矩需求,准确且高效。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图;
图2为本发明的发动机、电机功率、转速曲线示意图。
其中,1-发动机,2-离合器,3-锁止器,4-第一四象限电机,5-第二四象限电机,6-行星齿轮系,7-第三四象限电机,8-第四四象限电机,9-一级减速器,10-MMCU(多电机控制器)。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明,便于清楚地了解本发明,但它们不对本发明构成限定。
如图1所示,本发明提供了一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置配置有该单行星多电机混联E-CVT的整车传动链部件依次为:
发动机、离合器、锁止器、第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、行星齿轮系、第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机、一级齿轮减速器、后桥。
所述发动机经过离合器、锁止器将扭矩、转速传递给行星齿轮系中的行星架。
所述第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机与发动机之间的连接方式为平行轴连接,两电机通过一级齿轮减速与行星齿轮系中的太阳轮相连接。
所述第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机与行星齿轮系输出轴之间的连接方式为同轴连接,两电机通过一级齿轮减速与行星齿轮系输出轴的外齿圈相连接。
所述第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机为一组,所述第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机为一组,同一组电机的转速、扭矩均相同,以保持所在齿轮***的平衡。
所述两组电机均经过一级齿轮减速后进入单行星齿轮系,可提高电机转速,有效降低电机成本和重量、提高功率密度。
所述MMCU(多电机控制器)控制第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机的工作。
当车辆处于起步、倒车工况时,锁止器将发动机锁止,发动机处于停机或怠速状态,此时整车为单电机驱动模式,MMCU根据整车驱动需求确定两组电机的扭矩、转速需求。
当车辆处于制动工况、减速工况时,锁止器将发动机锁止,发动机处于停机或怠速状态,此时整车为单电机制动模式,实现制动能量回收。MMCU根据整车制动需求确定两组电机的扭矩、转速需求。
当车辆处于正常行驶工况时,固定发动机在低油耗区工作,通过该***中4个电机协同工作调整车辆速度。在发动机固定低油耗转速区内根据车速调整发动机转速,使得***功率分流尽量小,以降低***功率损失。
所述正常行驶可以是电机独驱,混驱,发动机独驱,刹车或下坡还有电机制动模式。这里主要说的是发动机独驱和混驱,当车速低于比较小的值时也是电机独驱,这个时候整车需求功率比较小,发动机工作时效率很低,此时是电机独驱工况。
当车辆处于混合驱动和行车发电工况时,两组电机不仅通过功率分流实现车速调整,而且对车辆输出功率。在保证车辆功率需求、***功率分流比例较低的前提下调整车辆驱动模式,当车辆功率需求较低时,车辆为行车发电模式,通过调整发电量使***效率最优。当车辆功率需求较高时,车辆为混驱模式,通过调整电池放电量使***效率最优。通过调整两组电机的转速及状态(发电或做功)实现车速调整,且两组电机的状态(做功或驱动)相反,且与车速相关。
由图2可知,当车辆需要加速时,发动机转速不变、扭矩增加。第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机转速在原转速方向降低,两电机功率同步降低,且在该转速区间电机为发电状态;第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机转速升高,功率降低,且在该调速过程中消耗第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机的发电量用来驱动车辆,使车辆加速。且在此调速过程中的功率分流是不经过电池,直接由发电电机经过整流器输入给做功电机用以驱动车辆加速。
因电机在外特性扭矩范围内可实现无级变速,从而实现该单行星多电机E-CVT无级调速的目的。
本发明不限于上述实施例,还可以有许多变形。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均应认为属于本发明的保护范围。
在此,需要说明的是,上述技术方案的描述是示例性的,本说明书可以以不同形式来体现,并且不应被解释为限于本文阐述的技术方案。相反,提供这些说明将使得本发明公开将是彻底和完整的,并且将向本领域技术人员充分传达本说明书所公开的范围。此外,本发明的技术方案仅由权利要求的范围限定。
用于描述本说明书和权利要求的各方面公开的形状、尺寸、比率、角度和数字仅仅是示例,因此,本说明书和权利要求的不限于所示出的细节。在以下描述中,当相关的已知功能或配置的详细描述被确定为不必要地模糊本说明书和权利要求的重点时,将省略详细描述。
在使用本说明书中描述的“包括”、“具有”和“包含”的情况下,除非使用否则还可以具有另一部分或其他部分,所用的术语通常可以是单数但也可以表示复数形式。
应该指出,尽管在本说明书可能出现并使用术语“第一”、“第二”、“顶部”、“底部”、“一侧”、“另一侧”、“一端”、“另一端”等来描述各种不同的组件,但是这些成分和部分不应受这些术语的限制。这些术语仅用于区分一个成分和部分和另一个成分和部分。例如,在不脱离本说明书的范围的情况下,第一部件可以被称为第二部件,并且类似地,第二部件可以被称为第一部件,顶部和底部的部件在一定情况下,也可以彼此对调或转换;一端和另一端的部件可以彼此性能相同或者不同。
此外,在构成部件时,尽管没有其明确的描述,但可以理解必然包括一定的误差区域。
在描述位置关系时,例如,当位置顺序被描述为“在...上”、“在...上方”、“在...下方”和“下一个”时,除非使用“恰好”或“直接”这样的词汇或术语,此外则可以包括它们之间不接触或者接触的情形。如果提到第一元件位于第二元件“上”,则并不意味着在图中第一元件必须位于第二元件的上方。所述部件的上部和下部会根据观察的角度和定向的改变而改变。因此,在附图中或在实际构造中,如果涉及了第一元件位于第二元件“上”的情况可以包括第一元件位于第二元件“下方”的情况以及第一元件位于第二元件“上方”的情况。在描述时间关系时,除非使用“恰好”或“直接”,否则在描述“之后”、“后续”、“随后”和“之前”时,可以包括步骤之间并不连续的情况。本发明的各种实施方案的特征可以部分地或全部地彼此组合或者拼接,并且可以如本领域技术人员可以充分理解的以各种不同地构造来执行。本发明的实施方案可以彼此独立地执行,或者可以以相互依赖的关系一起执行。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims (10)

1.一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:包括发动机、离合器、锁止器、第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、行星齿轮系、第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机、一级减速器、驱动后桥;
所述发动机经过离合器、锁止器将扭矩、转速传递给行星齿轮系中的行星架;
所述第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机与发动机之间的连接方式为平行轴连接,第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机通过一级齿轮减速与行星齿轮系中的太阳轮相连接;
所述第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机与行星齿轮系输出轴之间的连接方式为同轴连接,第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机通过一级齿轮减速与行星齿轮系输出轴的外齿圈相连接;
行星齿轮系输出轴与驱动后桥的驱动轴相连接。
所述第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机为一组,所述第三四象限电机、第四四象限电机为一组,同一组四象限电机电机的转速、扭矩均相同,以保持所在齿轮***的平衡。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:还包括多电机控制器;所述多电机控制器与第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机电连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:当车辆处于起步、倒车工况时,锁止器将发动机锁止,发动机处于停机或怠速状态,此时整车为单电机驱动模式,多电机控制器根据整车驱动需求确定第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机的扭矩、转速需求。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:当车辆处于制动工况、减速工况时,锁止器将发动机锁止,发动机处于停机或怠速状态,此时整车为单电机制动模式,实现制动能量回收;多电机控制器根据整车制动需求确定第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机的扭矩、转速需求。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:当车辆处于正常行驶工况时,固定发动机在低油耗区工作,通过多电机控制器根据整车驱动需求确定第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机的输出扭矩,从而调整车辆速度;根据车速调整发动机转速。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:当车辆功率需求低时,车辆为行车发电模式,发动机工作,第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机处于发电机工作模式,通过多电机控制器调整发电量使***效率最优。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:当车辆功率需求高时,车辆为混驱模式,发动机工作,第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机、第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机处于电动机工作模式,通过电池放电量使***效率最优。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:通过调整两组四象限电机的转速及工作模式实现车速调整,且两组四象限电机的工作模式相反,所述工作模式包括电动机工作模式和发电机工作模式,且与车速相关。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:当车辆需要加速时,发动机转速不变、扭矩增加;第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机转速在原转速方向降低,第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机功率同步降低,且第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机在该转速区间为发电状态;第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机转速升高,功率降低,且在该调速过程中消耗第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机的发电量用于驱动车辆,使车辆加速。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种商用车用单行星多电机混联无级变速传动装置,其特征在于:调速过程中的功率分流是不经过电池,直接由第一四象限电机、第二四象限电机经过整流器输入给第三四象限电机和第四四象限电机用以驱动车辆加速。
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