CN115008014A - Laser welding system and laser welding method for high-strength steel - Google Patents
Laser welding system and laser welding method for high-strength steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115008014A CN115008014A CN202210953279.XA CN202210953279A CN115008014A CN 115008014 A CN115008014 A CN 115008014A CN 202210953279 A CN202210953279 A CN 202210953279A CN 115008014 A CN115008014 A CN 115008014A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
- B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
Abstract
The invention provides a laser welding system and method for high-strength steel, which comprises a machine tool, a welding seam guide part, a welding part and a cleaning part, wherein the welding seam guide part is arranged on the machine tool; the welding seam guide part, the welding part and the cleaning part are simultaneously arranged on the same machine tool and synchronously move along with the machine tool; the welding seam guide part is used for guiding the machine tool to move along the welding seam of the part to be welded and guiding the cleaning part and the laser irradiation welding seam of the welding part; the welding part is arranged behind the welding seam guide part along the moving direction when the welding seam is welded; the cleaning part is arranged between the welding seam guide part and the welding part and is used for carrying out laser ablation on the surfaces of the to-be-welded parts positioned on two sides of the extending direction of the welding seam; the cleaning part swings back and forth on the two sides of the welding seam and moves along the welding seam randomly under the swinging of the scanning galvanometer, so that a cleaning light spot forms a snake-shaped track, the moving track of the welding light spot during welding seam welding cannot be collided, and a foundation is provided for laser cleaning and laser welding at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a laser welding system and a laser welding method for high-strength steel.
Background
Laser welding is an efficient precision welding method using a laser beam with high energy density as a heat source. The principle is that the surface of a workpiece is heated by laser radiation, surface heat is diffused inwards through heat conduction, and the workpiece is melted by controlling parameters such as the width, energy, peak power, repetition frequency and the like of laser pulses to form a specific molten pool. Due to the unique advantages, the laser welding method is successfully and widely applied to the field of precision welding of parts in multiple industries, and particularly has great advantages compared with the traditional welding method for the welding operation of high-strength steel materials.
The laser welding process comprises various processes such as flight welding, brazing, filler wire welding and the like, wherein the most widely applied processes are brazing and filler wire welding; the flight welding has the advantages of better welding finished products, more convenient and faster personnel operation, smaller occupied area of equipment and the like, but the equipment cost is higher, the implementation difficulty is higher, and the application is relatively less.
Patent document CN113736983 discloses a method and a system for processing a weld of high-strength steel, which utilize a plurality of laser components, and after welding, utilize laser to perform a plurality of heat treatments on the weld to obtain a tempered martensite structure, thereby reducing the risk of weld fracture and avoiding the problem of various forms of weld fracture caused by too low toughness, hydrogen embrittlement or too high hardness of the weld. However, the above patent does not consider that the coating layer generally exists on the surface of the steel material, and the coating layer can have adverse effects on the welding seam during the laser welding process.
In order to solve this problem, the technical literature "laser cleaning process for an aluminum-silicon-coated automobile sheet" describes in detail that the surface of a steel material can be ablated by laser, so that a coating on the surface of the steel material is removed by laser before laser welding, thereby avoiding adverse effects of the coating on a weld joint. However, the practical application of the laser cleaning process in the laser welding field is still lacking due to the problems of the application cost, the specific implementation means and the like. One reason for this is that, in the current process, laser cleaning and laser welding are difficult to be performed simultaneously, which results in at least two processes being required to complete the laser welding process, and not only is the equipment cost high, but also it is difficult to ensure that the traveling paths of laser cleaning and laser welding can be kept accurate and consistent when they are subjected to the operation of the weld guiding device, and the process difficulty is invisibly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a laser welding system and a laser welding method for high-strength steel, which are used for solving the problem that laser cleaning and laser welding are difficult to be performed simultaneously and a plurality of working procedures are required to complete in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a laser welding system for high-strength steel, which is used for welding a welding seam of a piece to be welded, wherein the piece to be welded is made of the high-strength steel and comprises a machine tool, a welding seam guide part, a welding part and a cleaning part; the machine tool can move or rotate relative to the weldment to be welded; the welding seam guide part, the welding part and the cleaning part are simultaneously arranged on the same machine tool and synchronously move along with the machine tool; the welding seam guide part is used for guiding the machine tool to move along the welding seam of the part to be welded and guiding the cleaning part and the laser irradiation welding seam of the welding part; the welding part is arranged behind the welding seam guide part along the moving direction when welding the welding seam, and the welding part is used for performing laser welding on the welding seam of the part to be welded; the cleaning part is arranged between the welding seam guide part and the welding part and used for carrying out laser ablation on the surfaces of the parts to be welded, which are positioned on two sides of the extending direction of the welding seam.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, a laser emission source is provided in the machine tool, and the welding part and the cleaning part share the same laser emission source.
Still more preferably, the welding part is a flight welding device.
More preferably, the cleaning part comprises a shaping part and a laser head part, the shaping part is arranged on the machine tool and communicated with the laser emission source, and a collimating mirror, a scanning galvanometer and a focusing mirror are arranged in the shaping part; the laser head part is arranged on the shaping part and is aligned to the surface of the part to be welded; the laser emission source generates laser, the laser enters the shaping component through optical fiber transmission, the laser is emitted from the laser head component after sequentially passing through the collimating mirror, the scanning vibrating mirror and the focusing mirror in the shaping component, and a punctiform focusing light spot is formed on the surface of a to-be-welded component.
More preferably, the laser generated by the laser emission source forms a linear spot by the swinging of the scanning galvanometer, and the extending direction of the linear spot can be perpendicular to the extending direction of the welding seam.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the material of the welded part is preferably high-strength steel with the tensile strength not less than 900MPa after water-cooling quenching.
More preferably, the high-strength steel can be immersed in a melt consisting of aluminum and 5 to 11% silicon, and an Al-Fe-Si alloy coating layer is formed on the surface of the high-strength steel.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a laser welding method of the high-strength steel, the laser welding system is adopted for welding the welding seam of the part to be welded, the material of the part to be welded is the high-strength steel, and the surface of the high-strength steel is provided with an alloy coating; when the welding seam guiding part guides the machine tool to move along the welding seam, the cleaning part performs laser ablation on the surfaces of the parts to be welded, which are positioned on two sides of the extending direction of the welding seam, so as to clean the alloy coating on the surface of the high-strength steel, and then the welding seam is subjected to laser welding by the welding part.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the two sides of the extending direction of the preset welding seam are respectively an A side and a B side; laser generated by a laser emission source in the machine tool swings through a scanning galvanometer in a shaping component in a cleaning part, so that a point-shaped focusing spot focused on the surface of a workpiece to be welded moves from the side of a welding seam A to the side of a welding seam B to form a linear spot and is set as a first spot, and the extending direction of the first spot is vertical to the extending direction of the welding seam; the cleaning part moves along the welding line along with the bed, so that the point-shaped focusing light spot focused on the surface of the workpiece to be welded forms a linear light spot on the side A or the side B of the welding line and is set as a second line spot, and the extending direction of the second line spot is the same as the extending direction of the welding line; laser generated by a laser emission source in the machine tool swings through a scanning galvanometer in a shaping component in a cleaning part, so that a point-shaped focusing spot focused on the surface of a workpiece to be welded moves from a welding seam B side to an A side to form a linear spot and is set as a third spot, and the extending direction of the third spot is vertical to the extending direction of the welding seam; the cleaning part moves along the welding seam and ablates the surface of the to-be-welded piece, so that the point-shaped focusing light spots focused on the surface of the to-be-welded piece sequentially reciprocate to form a plurality of first line spots, second line spots and third line spots.
Preferably, the second linear spots are arranged between the adjacent first linear spots and third linear spots as well as between the third linear spots and the first linear spots, and a plurality of the first linear spots, the second linear spots and the third linear spots are connected end to form a snake-shaped track.
Compared with the prior art, the laser welding system and the laser welding method for the high-strength steel have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the cleaning part and the welding part synchronously move along with the machine under the guidance of the welding seam guide part, and simultaneously perform ablation cleaning and welding on the welding seam without respectively completing laser cleaning and laser welding in multiple processes, so that the process flow is greatly shortened, the equipment occupation area is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
(2) The welding part adopts a flight welding device, and the cleaning part carries out laser shaping through the shaping part, so that the welding part and the cleaning part can share the same laser emission source.
(3) The cleaning part swings back and forth on the two sides of the welding seam and moves along the welding seam randomly under the swinging of the scanning galvanometer, so that cleaning light spots form a snake-shaped track, the surface of the welding seam can be fully ablated to remove an alloy coating, and meanwhile, the moving track of the welding light spots during welding seam welding cannot be collided, and a foundation is provided for laser cleaning and laser welding.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a laser welding system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparative schematic diagram of a laser welding method, wherein the diagrams (a), (b) and (c) are schematic diagrams of forming linear spots by point-shaped focusing spots in a conventional laser cleaning process, and the diagrams (d), (e) and (f) are schematic diagrams of forming linear spots by point-shaped focusing spots in a laser cleaning process using the laser welding system;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a scanning galvanometer in the prior art.
In the figure: 1. a machine tool; 101. a first linear spot; 102. a second line spot; 103. a third linear speckle; 2. a weld guide; 3. a weld; 4. a cleaning section; 41. a shaping component; 42. a laser head section.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the laser welding system for high-strength steel of the present invention is used for welding a weld of a member to be welded, wherein the member to be welded is made of high-strength steel. The high-strength steel described in the present invention is a high-strength steel having a tensile strength of not less than 900MPa after water-cooling quenching; the high-strength steel can be immersed in a molten liquid consisting of aluminum and 5-11% of silicon, and an Al-Fe-Si alloy coating is formed on the surface of the high-strength steel, so that the high-strength steel is widely applied to the production and manufacturing of the current new energy automobile at present, and has huge market demand and supply prospect.
Specifically, the present embodiment includes a machine tool 1, a bead guide 2, a welded portion 3, and a cleaning portion 4.
The machine tool 1 can move or rotate relative to a part to be welded; the machine tool 1 in this embodiment is a general term for a series of devices in a laser welding system, and in brief, in the conventional laser welding operation, the weld guide 2, the welding portion 3, and the cleaning portion 4 can be attached to one robot that can move in six axes, or at least one robot that can move freely in a horizontal plane, and therefore the machine tool 1 includes not only the robot device but also a device that can supply a laser emission source to the welding portion 3 and the cleaning portion 4, a control system that controls laser emission, and the like. Since the present invention does not relate to improvements in the laser welding main body apparatus and the main operation principle, the detailed structure of the machine tool 1, the schematic circuit diagram, and the like are not described in detail.
The bead guide 2, the welded portion 3, and the cleaning portion 4 are simultaneously mounted on the same machine tool 1 and move synchronously with the machine tool 1.
The welding seam guide part 2 is used for guiding the machine tool 1 to move along a welding seam of a workpiece to be welded and guiding the laser irradiation welding seam of the cleaning part 4 and the welding part 3; the welding seam guiding or tracking technology is a mature technology, and its principle is that it utilizes optical transmission and imaging principle, and adopts laser triangular reflection type principle, i.e. the laser beam is amplified to form a laser line projected on the surface of measured object, the reflected light is passed through high-quality optical system and projected on the imaging matrix, and the distance (Z axis) from sensor to measured surface and position information (X axis) along the laser line can be obtained by means of calculation. Moving the object to be measured or the profiler probe can obtain a set of three-dimensional measurements. The obtained information can be used for searching and positioning the welding seam, tracking the welding seam, controlling self-adaptive welding parameters and detecting the formation of the welding seam, and the information is transmitted to the mechanical hand unit in real time to complete various complex welding, avoid the deviation of the welding quality and realize unmanned welding. The weld guide 2 is not described in detail since the present invention is not concerned with an improvement in the weld tracking technology.
The welding portion 3 is provided behind the weld guide portion 2 in the moving direction when welding the weld, and the welding portion 3 is used for laser welding the weld of the member to be welded. The welding portion 3 may be formed by various processes in a laser welding technique.
The cleaning part 4 is provided between the bead guide part 2 and the welded part 3, and the cleaning part 4 is used for performing laser ablation on the surfaces of the to-be-welded members located on both sides in the extending direction of the bead. Since the cleaning part 4 and the welding part 3 in the first embodiment are mounted on the same machine tool 1 and guided by the same bead guide part 2, the laser cleaning process of the cleaning part 4 and the laser welding process of the welding part 3 are performed simultaneously.
Example two:
in addition to the first embodiment, in order to simultaneously perform the laser cleaning process of the cleaning part 4 and the laser welding process of the welding part 3, in a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 1 and in combination with fig. 3, a laser emission source is provided in the machine tool 1, and the welding part 3 and the cleaning part 4 share the same laser emission source.
Wherein, the welding part 3 adopts a flight welding device.
The cleaning unit 4 includes a shaping member 41 and a laser head member 42.
Wherein, the shaping component 41 is arranged on the machine tool 1 and communicated with a laser emission source, and a collimating mirror, a scanning galvanometer and a focusing mirror are arranged in the shaping component 41.
The laser head 42 is arranged on the shaping part 41 and is aligned with the surface to be welded.
By adopting the technical scheme, laser is generated by a laser emission source and transmitted into the shaping part 41 through the optical fiber, and then is emitted from the laser head part 42 after sequentially passing through the collimating lens, the scanning galvanometer and the focusing lens in the shaping part 41, and a punctiform focusing light spot is formed on the surface of a part to be welded; the laser generated by the laser emission source can form a linear light spot from a point-shaped focusing light spot through the swinging of the scanning galvanometer, and the extending direction of the linear light spot can be vertical to the extending direction of a welding seam.
In practice, the flight welding device is used for both the welding part 3 and the cleaning part 4; however, in the existing laser cleaning process, the welding part 3 and the cleaning part 4 usually adopt different laser technologies, so that the same laser emission source is difficult to adopt for the two parts; therefore, in the second embodiment, the flight welding device is also used to provide the welding portion 3.
It should be noted that the flying welding device is also a mature laser welding technology, and the flying welding is different from the brazing or the filler wire welding in that the brazing or the filler wire welding is similar to the spot welding, and simply realizes the welding of a welding seam through a continuous welding spot, but the flying welding continuously irradiates the welding seam to form a spot track.
In the flight welding device, referring to fig. 3 of the present invention, the scanning galvanometer includes a plurality of lenses and mirrors, which can change the irradiation direction of the laser by the oscillation of the mirrors; since the present invention does not relate to the improvement of the flight welding technology, the mechanism of the shaping component 41 and the relative installation positions of the collimating mirror, the scanning galvanometer and the focusing mirror therein are not described in detail, but only the laser irradiation mode in the flight welding technology is described, in which "the laser emission source generates laser, the laser is transmitted into the shaping component 41 through the optical fiber, and then is emitted from the laser head component 42 after sequentially passing through the collimating mirror, the scanning galvanometer and the focusing mirror in the shaping component 41, and a point-shaped focusing spot is formed on the surface of the to-be-welded piece".
Example three:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a laser welding method for high-strength steel uses the laser welding system of the first embodiment or the second embodiment to weld a weld seam to be welded.
Wherein, the material of waiting to weld the piece is high strength steel, and the surface of high strength steel has the alloy cladding material.
When the welding seam guide part 2 guides the machine tool 1 to move along the welding seam, the cleaning part 4 performs laser ablation on the surfaces of the parts to be welded, which are positioned on two sides of the extending direction of the welding seam, so as to clean the alloy coating on the surface of the high-strength steel, and then the welding seam is subjected to laser welding by the welding part 3.
However, it should be noted that, in the conventional laser welding technology, the laser cleaning step and the laser welding step are generally performed in two steps, which is because the irradiation locus of the laser in the laser cleaning step and the irradiation locus of the laser in the laser welding step collide with each other and cannot be performed simultaneously.
Specifically, first, a side a and a side B are respectively preset on both sides of the extending direction of the weld.
In the current laser cleaning technology, referring to diagram (a) in fig. 2, a laser emission source generates laser light, the laser light is transmitted into a shaping component 41 through an optical fiber, the laser light sequentially passes through a collimating mirror, a scanning galvanometer and a focusing mirror in the shaping component 41, then the laser light is emitted from a laser head component 42, and a point-shaped focusing light spot is formed on the surface of a to-be-welded workpiece.
Then, when the cleaning unit 4 moves along the weld with the machine tool 1 and makes the laser traverse the weld, referring to fig. (b), the laser first forms a linear spot on the weld a side.
Finally, when the cleaning part 4 moves back along the direction of the weld joint along with the machine tool 1 and makes the laser traverse the weld joint again, referring to fig. (c), the laser moves to the side of the weld joint B, and then a linear light spot is formed on the side of the weld joint B. Laser ablation of the weld seam side surfaces is thus accomplished.
However, in the current laser welding technology, the welding part 3 only needs to move along the weld and traverse the laser through the weld once without moving back in the opposite direction, which causes the laser cleaning trajectory to collide with the laser welding trajectory.
In order to solve this problem, in the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2 (d), first, laser light is generated by a laser emission source and transmitted into the shaping component 41 through an optical fiber, and then emitted from the laser head component 42 after passing through the collimating mirror, the scanning galvanometer and the focusing mirror in the shaping component 41 in sequence, and a spot-shaped focusing spot is formed on the surface of the workpiece to be welded.
Then, referring to fig. e, the laser beam generated by the laser emission source in the machine tool 1 is oscillated by the scanning galvanometer in the shaping member 41 in the cleaning unit 4, so that the spot-like focused spot focused on the surface of the workpiece to be welded is moved from the weld a side to the weld B side to form a linear spot and set as a first spot 101, and the extending direction of the first spot 101 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the weld.
Then, the cleaning part 4 moves along the weld joint with the machine tool 1, so that the point-like focused light spot focused on the surface of the to-be-welded piece forms a linear light spot on the side of the weld joint B and is set as a second line spot 102, and the extending direction of the second line spot 102 is the same as the extending direction of the weld joint.
Then, the laser beam generated by the laser emission source in the machine tool 1 is oscillated by the scanning galvanometer in the shaping member 41 in the cleaning unit 4, so that the point-like focused spot focused on the surface of the workpiece to be welded is moved back from the weld B side to the weld a side to form a linear spot and set as a third spot 103, and the extending direction of the third spot 103 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the weld.
Then, the cleaning unit 4 moves along the weld with the machine tool 1, and causes the spot-like focused spot focused on the surface of the workpiece to be welded to form a linear spot on the weld a side and set as another second spot 102, so that the second spots 102 are present between the adjacent first spots 101 and third spots 103 and between the third spots 103 and first spots 101.
Finally, referring to fig. f, the cleaning part 4 moves along the weld joint along with the machine tool 1 and repeats the above process to ablate the surface of the workpiece to be welded, so that the point-like focused light spots focused on the surface of the workpiece to be welded sequentially reciprocate to form a plurality of first line spots 101, second line spots 102 and third line spots 103, and the plurality of first line spots 101, second line spots 102 and third line spots 103 are connected end to form a serpentine track.
By adopting the mode, the cleaning part 4 just needs to move along the welding seam and lead the laser to traverse the welding seam once like the welding part 3, and does not need to move backwards, so that the problem that the laser cleaning track conflicts with the laser welding track can be solved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a laser welding system of high strength steel for treat the welding seam of welding and weld, treat that the material of welding is high strength steel, its characterized in that: comprises a machine tool (1), a welding seam guide part (2), a welding part (3) and a cleaning part (4);
the machine tool (1) can move or rotate relative to a piece to be welded;
the welding seam guide part (2), the welding part (3) and the cleaning part (4) are simultaneously arranged on the same machine tool (1) and synchronously move along with the machine tool (1);
the welding seam guide part (2) is used for guiding the machine tool (1) to move along the welding seam of the piece to be welded and guiding the laser irradiation welding seam of the cleaning part (4) and the welding part (3);
the welding part (3) is arranged behind the welding line guiding part (2) along the moving direction of the welding line during welding, and the welding part (3) is used for performing laser welding on the welding line of a piece to be welded;
the cleaning part (4) is arranged between the welding seam guide part (2) and the welding part (3), and the cleaning part (4) is used for carrying out laser ablation on the surfaces of the parts to be welded, which are positioned on two sides of the extending direction of the welding seam.
2. The laser welding system for high-strength steel according to claim 1, wherein: a laser emission source is arranged in the machine tool (1), and the welding part (3) and the cleaning part (4) share the same laser emission source.
3. The laser welding system for high-strength steel according to claim 2, wherein: the welding part (3) is a flying welding device.
4. The laser welding system for high-strength steel according to claim 2, wherein: the cleaning part (4) comprises a shaping part (41) and a laser head part (42), the shaping part (41) is arranged on the machine tool (1) and communicated with a laser emission source, and a collimating lens, a scanning galvanometer and a focusing lens are arranged in the shaping part (41);
the laser head part (42) is arranged on the shaping part (41) and is aligned with the surface to be welded;
the laser emission source generates laser, the laser enters the shaping component (41) through optical fiber transmission, the laser sequentially passes through the collimating lens, the scanning galvanometer and the focusing lens in the shaping component (41) and then is emitted from the laser head component (42), and a point-shaped focusing light spot is formed on the surface of a part to be welded.
5. The laser welding system of high strength steel according to claim 4, wherein: the laser generated by the laser emission source forms a linear light spot by the swinging of the scanning galvanometer, and the extending direction of the linear light spot can be vertical to the extending direction of the welding seam.
6. The laser welding system for high-strength steel according to claim 1, wherein: the material of the part to be welded is high-strength steel with the tensile strength not less than 900MPa after water-cooling quenching.
7. The laser welding system for high-strength steel according to claim 6, wherein: the high-strength steel can be immersed in a melt consisting of aluminum and 5-11% of silicon, and an Al-Fe-Si alloy coating is formed on the surface of the high-strength steel.
8. A laser welding method of high-strength steel, which adopts the laser welding system of claim 5, and is used for welding a welding seam of a piece to be welded, wherein the material of the piece to be welded is the high-strength steel, and the laser welding method is characterized in that: the surface of the high-strength steel is provided with an alloy coating; when the welding seam guide part (2) guides the machine tool (1) to move along the welding seam, the cleaning part (4) performs laser ablation on the surfaces of the parts to be welded, which are positioned on two sides of the extending direction of the welding seam, so as to clean an alloy coating on the surface of high-strength steel, and then the welding seam is subjected to laser welding by the welding part (3).
9. The laser welding method of a high strength steel according to claim 8, characterized in that: presetting a side A and a side B on two sides in the extending direction of a welding seam respectively;
laser generated by a laser emission source in the machine tool (1) swings through a scanning galvanometer in a shaping component (41) in a cleaning part (4), so that a punctiform focusing spot focused on the surface of a workpiece to be welded moves from the side of a welding seam A to the side of a welding seam B to form a linear spot and is set as a first spot (101), and the extending direction of the first spot (101) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the welding seam;
the cleaning part (4) moves along a welding seam along with the machine tool (1), so that a punctiform focusing light spot focused on the surface of a to-be-welded piece forms a linear light spot on the side A or the side B of the welding seam and is set as a second line spot (102), and the extending direction of the second line spot (102) is the same as the extending direction of the welding seam;
laser generated by a laser emission source in the machine tool (1) swings through a scanning galvanometer in a shaping component (41) in a cleaning part (4), so that a punctiform focusing spot focused on the surface of a workpiece to be welded moves from a side B to a side A of a welding seam to form a linear spot and is set as a third spot (103), and the extending direction of the third spot (103) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the welding seam;
the cleaning part (4) moves along a welding seam along with the machine tool (1) and ablates the surface of the to-be-welded piece, so that the point-shaped focusing light spots focused on the surface of the to-be-welded piece sequentially reciprocate to form a plurality of first line spots (101), second line spots (102) and third line spots (103).
10. The laser welding method of a high strength steel according to claim 9, characterized in that: second spots (102) are arranged between the adjacent first spots (101) and third spots (103) and between the third spots (103) and the first spots (101), and a plurality of first spots (101), second spots (102) and third spots (103) are connected end to form a snake-shaped track.
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| CN117644290A (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-03-05 | 宁波吉宁汽车零部件有限公司 | High-strength steel laser flying welding process and welding system |
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| CN117644290B (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-04-05 | 宁波吉宁汽车零部件有限公司 | High-strength steel laser flying welding process and welding system |
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