CN115007891A - Upper body movable hydraulic tailstock - Google Patents
Upper body movable hydraulic tailstock Download PDFInfo
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- CN115007891A CN115007891A CN202210614967.3A CN202210614967A CN115007891A CN 115007891 A CN115007891 A CN 115007891A CN 202210614967 A CN202210614967 A CN 202210614967A CN 115007891 A CN115007891 A CN 115007891A
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- tailstock
- clamping
- machine tool
- oil
- upper body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B23/00—Tailstocks; Centres
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body, which comprises a tailstock upper body, a tailstock lower body and a tailstock oil cylinder, wherein the tailstock lower body is connected with a machine tool sliding saddle in an on-off manner through a bolt component, the tailstock lower body and the machine tool sliding saddle are respectively arranged on a machine tool body in a front-back sliding manner, the tailstock upper body is arranged on the upper side of the tailstock lower body in a front-back sliding manner, a cylinder body of the tailstock oil cylinder is arranged on the tailstock lower body, a piston rod of the tailstock oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the tailstock upper body, a sleeve driven by hydraulic pressure is arranged on the inner side of the tailstock upper body, a tip is arranged on the inner side of the sleeve, the front end of the tip extends out of the sleeve, a chuck is arranged on the front end of the machine tool body, a clamping jaw is arranged on the chuck, and the front end of the tip is opposite to the clamping jaw. Under the condition of not moving a machine tool saddle, the tip of the hydraulic tailstock has a larger moving stroke, so that the time is saved, the workpiece processing efficiency is improved, and in addition, the hydraulic tailstock is suitable for a large workpiece length range and meets the processing requirements of workpieces with different lengths.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulic tailstock, in particular to a hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body.
Background
When a machine tool processes shaft workpieces, the workpieces are clamped through the chuck and are tightly pushed through the tailstock, and meanwhile, the workpieces are supported through the center frame. The existing tailstock structure generally has two types: one is a hydraulic sleeve tailstock (hereinafter referred to as a hydraulic tailstock), the conventional standard machine tool adopts the structure, the tailstock is provided with a movable sleeve with a certain stroke, the tip of the tailstock is arranged on the movable sleeve, the movable sleeve is pushed through hydraulic pressure to realize the tight pushing of the tip on a workpiece, meanwhile, the tailstock is movable under the driving of a sliding saddle, and when the tailstock needs to be moved, the sliding saddle drives the tailstock to move integrally; the other type is a servo tailstock, namely a tailstock controlled by a servo motor, the tailstock is provided with a screw rod transmission assembly, and the front and back movement of the tailstock is driven by a motor direct connection screw rod.
When the workpiece is subjected to an inner hole boring process, the center frame is supported at the tail end of the workpiece, the tailstock and the center need to integrally move backwards, and the moving distance is larger than the sum of the thickness of a cutter head of the cutter tower and the length of a boring cutter so as to avoid the cutter head and the boring cutter of the cutter tower. The existing tailstock structure has certain defects: 1) when the hydraulic tailstock bores an inner hole, the hydraulic tailstock cannot avoid a turret by only depending on the stroke of the movable sleeve, a sliding saddle is required to drive the tailstock to integrally move back and forth before and after boring the inner hole each time, and the tailstock needs to be fixed once after a workpiece is mounted each time, so that the time is consumed, and the machining efficiency is influenced; 2) the servo tailstock has high response and moving speed, but a motor control module needs to be additionally arranged in the system, so the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the upper body movable hydraulic tailstock aiming at the defects of the prior art, wherein the tip of the hydraulic tailstock has a larger moving stroke under the condition of not moving a machine tool saddle, so that the time is saved, the workpiece processing efficiency is improved, in addition, the length range of the workpiece applicable to the hydraulic tailstock is large, and the processing requirements of workpieces with different lengths are met.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body comprises a tailstock upper body, a tailstock lower body and a tailstock oil cylinder, wherein the tailstock lower body is connected with a machine tool sliding saddle in a break-make mode through a bolt component, the tailstock lower body and the machine tool sliding saddle are respectively installed on a machine tool body in a front-back sliding mode, a Z-axis motor is installed on the machine tool body, the output end of the Z-axis motor is connected with a lead screw, the lead screw is connected with the machine tool sliding saddle, the tailstock upper body is installed on the upper side of the tailstock lower body in a front-back sliding mode, a cylinder body of the tailstock oil cylinder is installed on the tailstock lower body, a piston rod of the tailstock oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the tailstock upper body, a sleeve driven by hydraulic pressure is installed on the inner side of the tailstock upper body, a tip is arranged on the inner side of the sleeve, and the front end of the tip extends out of the sleeve, the front end of the machine tool body is provided with a chuck, the chuck is provided with a clamping jaw, the front end of the tip is opposite to the clamping jaw, and the clamping jaw and the tip are used for clamping and fixing workpieces front and back.
The hydraulic tailstock adopts the movable tailstock upper body, the reciprocating movement of the tailstock upper body is driven by the tailstock oil cylinder, and the center can move back and forth under the driving of the sleeve, so that the center has a larger moving stroke under the condition of not moving a machine tool saddle, and the moving stroke can reach the sum of the stroke of the tailstock oil cylinder and the stroke of the sleeve.
When a machine tool carries out an excircle turning process on a workpiece, a clamping jaw is firstly used for clamping one end of the workpiece, then a tailstock oil cylinder extends forwards, a tailstock upper body moves forwards, a sleeve extends forwards, a tip tightly pushes the other end of the workpiece, the clamping jaw and the tip clamp and fix the workpiece front and back, and a tool turret arranged on a machine tool sliding saddle moves downwards through a sliding plate to process the excircle of the workpiece. When an inner hole boring process is needed, the tailstock oil cylinder and the sleeve retract, the tailstock upper body moves backwards, and when the backward movement stroke of the tailstock upper body is larger than the sum of the thickness of the cutter head of the cutter tower and the length of the boring cutter, the tailstock and the tip can avoid the cutter head and the boring cutter of the cutter tower, and at the moment, the machine tool can start to bore an inner hole on a workpiece.
Because the moving stroke of the center is large, in the process of boring the inner hole on the same batch of workpieces with the same specification, the cutter head and the boring cutter of the cutter tower can be effectively avoided only by moving the sleeve and the tailstock upper body, the tailstock is not required to be driven by a machine tool sliding saddle to integrally and frequently move back and forth, the time is saved, and the workpiece machining efficiency is improved. When the batches of workpieces processed by boring the inner hole are changed, the tailstock is moved once through the slide saddle of the machine tool in each batch, and the sleeve and the tailstock upper body are moved in the same batch processing process. In addition, the hydraulic tailstock has a large applicable workpiece length range, and meets the processing requirements of workpieces with different lengths. Compared with a servo tailstock, the hydraulic tailstock disclosed by the invention has the advantage that the cost can be reduced by 25-30%.
Preferably, the top of the lower tailstock body is fixedly provided with a connecting seat, the connecting seat is provided with a sliding block, the bottom of the upper tailstock body is provided with a linear rail, and the sliding block is assembled on the linear rail. The design of connecting seat makes things convenient for assembly and the change to the slider.
Preferably, the machine tool body is provided with a first guide rail in the length direction, the tailstock lower body is slidably mounted on the first guide rail, a clamping mechanism is arranged in the tailstock lower body and used for clamping or loosening the first guide rail, the clamping mechanism comprises a plurality of clamping units, each clamping unit comprises a clamping block, a locking shaft, a clamping oil cylinder and a disc spring, the locking shaft is perpendicular to the guide rail surface of the first guide rail, the clamping oil cylinder and the disc spring are respectively sleeved outside the locking shaft, the clamping oil cylinder is provided with a loosening oil cavity and a clamping oil cavity which are vertically arranged, the disc spring is compressed and arranged in the clamping oil cavity, the bottom end of the locking shaft extends out of the bottom of the tailstock lower body, and the clamping block is in threaded connection with the bottom end of the locking shaft, when the oil enters the clamping oil cavity, the acting force generated by the oil pressure of the clamping oil cavity and the disc spring force generated by the disc spring act together to enable the lower body of the tailstock and the clamping block to clamp the first guide rail up and down; when the oil enters the oil releasing cavity, acting force generated by oil pressure of the oil releasing cavity overcomes disc spring force, so that the clamping block releases the first guide rail. The clamping mechanism clamps the first guide rail through double acting forces of hydraulic pressure and the disc spring, and is safe and reliable. When the clamping mechanism is installed, the locking shaft is screwed down, after the clamping block is contacted with the first guide rail, the locking shaft is continuously screwed down to pre-press the disc spring, so that the disc spring generates pre-pressure, and the reaction force of the pre-pressure acts on the clamping block to clamp the first guide rail. After oil enters the clamping oil cavity, acting force generated by oil pressure and disc spring force act together, and the tailstock lower body and the clamping block clamp the first guide rail up and down; after the oil is fed into the oil releasing cavity, the oil pressure overcomes the force of the disc spring, so that the clamping block releases the first guide rail. Under the unexpected condition, when the machine tool is suddenly powered off or the clamping oil cylinder leaks oil, the disc spring force can prevent the clamping block from loosening the first guide rail in a short time, so that the risk of workpiece falling and machine tool damage is effectively avoided.
Preferably, the clamping cylinder comprises a clamping piston and a flange seat, a gland is sleeved at the upper end of the locking shaft, an upper end cover is arranged on the upper side cover of the gland, the clamping piston, the disc spring and the flange seat are sequentially sleeved at the outer side of the locking shaft from top to bottom, the upper end cover, the locking shaft, the gland, the clamping piston and the lower body of the tailstock enclose the oil releasing cavity, the clamping piston, the locking shaft, the flange seat and the lower body of the tailstock enclose the oil clamping cavity, and the disc spring is arranged between the clamping piston and the flange seat in a compression mode.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism comprises two clamping units.
Preferably, a second guide rail is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the machine tool body, and the machine tool saddle is slidably mounted on the second guide rail.
Preferably, the rear end of the sleeve is connected with a hollow sleeve piston, the front side and the rear side of the sleeve piston are respectively provided with a first oil chamber and a second oil chamber, the rear side of the second oil chamber is provided with a rear end cover, the rear end cover is fixed on the tailstock upper body, the inner side of the sleeve is provided with a tailstock mandrel, the outer side of the tailstock mandrel is sequentially provided with a first flange cover, a double-row cylindrical roller bearing, a spacer bush, an angular contact ball bearing, a one-way thrust ball bearing and a lock nut from front to back, the double-row cylindrical roller bearing is arranged at the front end of the tailstock mandrel, an inner hole of the double-row cylindrical roller bearing is a bearing taper hole with a large front part and a small back part, the front end of the tailstock mandrel is matched with the bearing taper hole, and the angular contact ball bearing and the one-way thrust ball bearing are arranged at the rear end of the tailstock mandrel, the tailstock core shaft is internally provided with a Morse taper hole and a through hole which are communicated with each other from front to back, the rear end of the centre is matched with the Morse taper hole, a set screw is connected with the through hole in an internal thread manner, and the set screw is used for ejecting the centre out of the Morse taper hole. The tailstock mandrel is supported by the double-row cylindrical roller bearing, the angular contact ball bearing and the one-way thrust ball bearing, so that the dynamic rated load and the bearing rigidity are high; the front end of the tailstock mandrel is in a positive cone structure and is matched with the bearing taper hole, after a top tightly pushes a workpiece, under the action of axial force, the bearing taper hole of the double-row cylindrical roller bearing is combined with the front end of the tailstock mandrel more tightly, the integral rigidity is higher, and the reliability is better. When a heavy workpiece is machined, the risk of bearing damage can be effectively avoided due to the high bearing rigidity of the bearing. When the tailstock core shaft is installed, the first flange cover, the double-row cylindrical roller bearing, the spacer bush, the angular contact ball bearing, the one-way thrust ball bearing, the locking nut and the tailstock core shaft can be integrally assembled, and then the first flange cover, the double-row cylindrical roller bearing, the spacer bush, the angular contact ball bearing, the one-way thrust ball bearing and the locking nut are integrally assembled in the sleeve, so that the tailstock core shaft is convenient to assemble.
Preferably, the tailstock upper body is provided with a guide key, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with an axial guide groove, and the bottom end of the guide key extends into the axial guide groove. The guide key cooperates the axial guide slot, plays the guide effect to telescopic removal, prevents that the sleeve from removing the in-process and taking place rotatoryly.
Preferably, the bolt assembly is arranged in the lower body of the tailstock, the bolt assembly comprises a bolt rod, a first proximity switch and a second proximity switch, a third oil chamber and a fourth oil chamber are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the bolt rod, a second flange cover is arranged on the front side of the third oil chamber, a third flange cover is arranged on the rear side of the fourth oil chamber, the second flange cover and the third flange cover are respectively fixed on the lower body of the tailstock, the first proximity switch is arranged on the rear side of the bolt rod, a bolt hole matched with the front end of the bolt rod is formed in the machine tool saddle, and the second proximity switch is arranged on the machine tool saddle and close to the bolt hole. When oil is fed into the fourth oil cavity, the bolt rod is driven to be inserted into the bolt hole, the tailstock lower body is connected with the machine tool saddle, the second proximity switch sends a signal to a machine tool control system, and the machine tool saddle can drive the tailstock to move integrally. When the third oil cavity is filled with oil, the bolt rod retracts, the tailstock lower body is disconnected with the machine tool sliding saddle, and the first proximity switch sends a signal to a machine tool control system. The plug pin assembly is arranged in the lower body of the tailstock, and is compact and reliable in structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the top of the upper-body movable hydraulic tailstock has a larger moving stroke under the condition of not moving a machine tool sliding saddle, and can effectively avoid a cutter head and a boring cutter of a cutter tower only by moving the sleeve and the tailstock upper body in the process of boring inner holes of workpieces of the same batch and the same specification without frequently moving the tailstock integrally through the machine tool sliding saddle, so that the time is saved, and the workpiece machining efficiency is improved. When the batches of workpieces processed by boring the inner hole are changed, the tailstock is moved once through the slide saddle of the machine tool in each batch, and the sleeve and the tailstock upper body are moved in the same batch processing process. In addition, the hydraulic tailstock has a large applicable workpiece length range, and meets the processing requirements of workpieces with different lengths. Compared with a servo tailstock, the hydraulic tailstock disclosed by the invention has the advantage that the cost can be reduced by 25-30%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an external view of a hydraulic tailstock in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the assembly of the tailstock cylinder and the clamping mechanism in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state where the clamping mechanism clamps the first rail in the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly of the center, the sleeve and the tailstock cylinder in the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the latch assembly of the embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the position of the latch rod when the lower body of the tailstock body is disconnected from the saddle of the machine tool in the embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effects of the hydraulic tailstock and the machine tool saddle of the embodiment after being mounted on the machine tool body;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a hydraulic tailstock in the process of turning an outer circle;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a state of the hydraulic tailstock in the process of boring the inner hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
The embodiment of the hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body is shown in fig. 1-6, and comprises a tailstock upper body 1, a tailstock lower body 2 and a tailstock oil cylinder 3, wherein the tailstock lower body 2 is connected with a machine tool saddle 92 in an on-off manner through a pin component, the tailstock lower body 2 and the machine tool saddle 92 are respectively arranged on the machine tool body 91 in a front-back sliding manner, a Z-axis motor 93 is arranged on the machine tool body 91, the output end of the Z-axis motor 93 is connected with a lead screw 94, the lead screw 94 is connected with the machine tool saddle 92, the tailstock upper body 1 is arranged on the upper side of the tailstock lower body 2 in a front-back sliding manner, a cylinder body 31 of the tailstock oil cylinder 3 is arranged on the tailstock lower body 2, a piston rod 32 of the tailstock oil cylinder 3 is fixedly connected with the tailstock upper body 1, a sleeve 4 driven by hydraulic pressure is arranged on the inner side of the tailstock upper body 1, a tip 5 is arranged on the inner side of the sleeve 4, the front end of the tip 5 extends out from the sleeve 4, and the front end of the machine tool body 91 is provided with 95, the chuck 95 is provided with jaws 96, the front end of the center 5 is opposite to the jaws 96, and the jaws 96 and the center 5 are used for clamping and fixing the workpiece 10 back and forth.
In this embodiment, the top of the lower tailstock body 2 is fixed with a connecting seat 21, the connecting seat 21 is provided with a slider 22, the bottom of the upper tailstock body 1 is provided with a linear rail 11, and the slider 22 is assembled on the linear rail 11.
In this embodiment, a first guide rail 97 is disposed in the length direction of the machine tool bed 91, the tailstock lower body 2 is slidably mounted on the first guide rail 97, a clamping mechanism is disposed in the tailstock lower body 2, the clamping mechanism is used for clamping or loosening the first guide rail 97, the clamping mechanism includes two clamping units, each clamping unit includes a clamping block 61, a locking shaft 62, a clamping cylinder and a disc spring 63, the locking shaft 62 is perpendicular to the guide surface of the first guide rail 97, the clamping cylinder and the disc spring 63 are respectively sleeved outside the locking shaft 62, the clamping cylinder is provided with a loosening oil cavity 64 and a clamping oil cavity 65 which are disposed up and down, the clamping cylinder includes a clamping piston 67 and a flange seat 68, a gland 69 is sleeved on the upper end of the locking shaft 62, an upper end cover 66 is disposed on the upper side of the gland 69, the clamping piston 67, the disc spring 63 and the flange seat 68 are sequentially sleeved outside the locking shaft 62 up and down, the upper end cover 66, the locking shaft 62, and the locking shaft 62, The pressing cover 69, the clamping piston 67 and the tailstock lower body 2 enclose a loosening oil cavity 64, the clamping piston 67, the locking shaft 62, the flange seat 68 and the tailstock lower body 2 enclose a clamping oil cavity 65, the disc spring 63 is arranged between the clamping piston 67 and the flange seat 68 in a compressed mode, the bottom end of the locking shaft 62 extends out of the bottom of the tailstock lower body 2, the clamping block 61 is connected to the bottom end of the locking shaft 62 in a threaded mode, part of the edge of the clamping block 61 extends into the lower side of the first guide rail 97, and when the clamping oil cavity 65 is filled with oil, acting force generated by oil pressure of the clamping oil cavity 65 and disc spring force generated by the disc spring 63 act together to enable the tailstock lower body 2 and the clamping block 61 to clamp the first guide rail 97 up and down; when the oil enters the release oil chamber 64, the acting force generated by the oil pressure of the release oil chamber 64 overcomes the disc spring force, so that the clamping block 61 releases the first guide rail 97; the machine bed 91 is provided with a second guide rail 98 in the longitudinal direction, and the machine saddle 92 is slidably attached to the second guide rail 98.
In this embodiment, the rear end of the sleeve 4 is connected with a hollow sleeve piston 41, the front side and the rear side of the sleeve piston 41 are respectively provided with a first oil chamber 42 and a second oil chamber 43, the rear side of the second oil chamber 43 is provided with a rear end cover 44, the rear end cover 44 is fixed on the tailstock upper body 1, the inner side of the sleeve 4 is provided with a tailstock mandrel 7, the outer side of the tailstock mandrel 7 is sequentially provided with a first flange cover 71, a double-row cylindrical roller bearing 72, a spacer 73, an angular contact ball bearing 74, a one-way thrust ball bearing 75 and a lock nut 76 from front to back, the double-row cylindrical roller bearing 72 is arranged at the front end of the tailstock mandrel 7, the inner hole of the double-row cylindrical roller bearing 72 is a bearing taper hole 77 with a large front part and a small back part, the front end of the tailstock mandrel 7 is matched with the bearing taper hole 77, the angular contact ball bearing 74 and the one-way thrust ball bearing 75 are arranged at the rear end of the tailstock mandrel 7, the tailstock mandrel 7 is internally provided with a morse taper hole 78 and a through hole 79 which are communicated with each other back and front and back, the rear end of the tip 5 is matched with the Morse taper hole 78, a set screw 70 is connected with the through hole 79 through internal threads, and the set screw 70 is used for ejecting the tip 5 out of the Morse taper hole 78; the tailstock upper body 1 is provided with a guide key 12, the outer wall of the sleeve 4 is provided with an axial guide groove 45, and the bottom end of the guide key 12 extends into the axial guide groove 45.
In this embodiment, the pin assembly is disposed in the tailstock lower body 2, and the pin assembly includes a pin rod 81, a first proximity switch 82, and a second proximity switch (not shown in the figure), a third oil chamber 83 and a fourth oil chamber 84 are respectively disposed on the front side and the rear side of the pin rod 81, a second flange cover 85 is disposed on the front side of the third oil chamber 83, a third flange cover 86 is disposed on the rear side of the fourth oil chamber 84, the second flange cover 85 and the third flange cover 86 are respectively fixed to the tailstock lower body 2, the first proximity switch 82 is disposed on the rear side of the pin rod 81, a pin hole 99 adapted to the front end of the pin rod 81 is disposed on the machine tool saddle 92, and the second proximity switch is mounted on the machine tool saddle 92 and is close to the pin hole 99.
After the hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body is installed on a machine tool, as shown in fig. 7, the tailstock upper body 1 can move back and forth along the tailstock lower body 2 under the driving of the tailstock cylinder 3, and the center 5 can move back and forth under the driving of the sleeve 4, so that the center 5 has a large moving stroke without moving the machine tool saddle 92, and the moving stroke S can reach the sum of the stroke S1 of the tailstock cylinder 3 and the stroke S2 of the sleeve 4, i.e., S = S1+ S2.
When the machine tool carries out the excircle turning process on the workpiece 10, firstly, one end of the workpiece 10 is clamped by the jaw 96, then the tailstock oil cylinder 3 extends forwards, the tailstock upper body 1 moves forwards, the sleeve 4 extends forwards, the tip 5 abuts against the other end of the workpiece 10, the jaw 96 and the tip 5 clamp and fix the workpiece 10 front and back, and the turret 101 which is installed on a machine tool saddle 92 through the sliding plate 90 moves downwards to machine the excircle of the workpiece 10, as shown in fig. 8. When an inner hole boring process is required, the tailstock oil cylinder 3 and the sleeve 4 retract, the tailstock upper body 1 moves backwards, and the backward movement stroke of the tailstock upper body 1 is greater than the sum of the thickness of the cutter head 102 of the cutter tower 101 and the length of the boring cutter, the tailstock and the tip 5 can avoid the cutter head 102 of the cutter tower 101 and the boring cutter, and at the moment, the machine tool can start to bore an inner hole of the workpiece 10, as shown in fig. 9. In the process of boring the inner hole on the same batch of workpieces 10 with the same specification, the cutter disc 102 and the boring cutter of the cutter tower 101 can be effectively avoided only by moving the sleeve 4 and the tailstock upper body 1, the tailstock is not required to be driven by the machine tool saddle 92 to integrally and frequently move back and forth, the time is saved, and the machining efficiency of the workpieces 10 is improved. When replacing 10 batches of workpieces processed by boring the inner hole, the tailstock only needs to be moved once through the machine tool saddle 92 in each batch, and only the sleeve 4 and the tailstock upper body 1 need to be moved in the same batch processing process.
Claims (9)
1. A hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body is characterized by comprising a tailstock upper body, a tailstock lower body and a tailstock oil cylinder, wherein the tailstock lower body is connected with a machine tool sliding saddle in an on-off mode through a bolt component, the tailstock lower body and the machine tool sliding saddle are respectively arranged on a machine tool body in a front-back sliding mode, a Z-axis motor is arranged on the machine tool body, the output end of the Z-axis motor is connected with a lead screw, the lead screw is connected with the machine tool sliding saddle, the tailstock upper body is arranged on the upper side of the tailstock lower body in a front-back sliding mode, a cylinder body of the tailstock oil cylinder is arranged on the tailstock lower body, a piston rod of the tailstock oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the tailstock upper body, a sleeve driven by hydraulic pressure is arranged on the inner side of the tailstock upper body, an apex is arranged on the inner side of the sleeve, and the front end of the apex extends out of the sleeve, the front end of the machine tool body is provided with a chuck, a jaw is arranged on the chuck, the front end of the tip is opposite to the jaw, and the jaw and the tip are used for clamping and fixing a workpiece front and back.
2. The hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the lower body of the tailstock is fixed with a connecting seat, the connecting seat is provided with a slide block, the bottom of the upper body of the tailstock is provided with a linear rail, and the slide block is assembled with the linear rail.
3. The hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body according to claim 1, wherein a first guide rail is arranged in the length direction of the machine tool body, the lower body of the tailstock is slidably mounted on the first guide rail, a clamping mechanism is arranged in the lower body of the tailstock and used for clamping or loosening the first guide rail, the clamping mechanism comprises a plurality of clamping units, each clamping unit comprises a clamping block, a locking shaft, a clamping cylinder and a disc spring, the locking shaft is perpendicular to the guide rail surface of the first guide rail, the clamping cylinder and the disc spring are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the locking shaft, the clamping cylinder is provided with a loosening oil cavity and a clamping oil cavity which are arranged up and down, the disc spring is compressed and arranged in the clamping oil cavity of the tailstock, and the bottom end of the locking shaft extends out of the bottom of the lower body of the disc spring, the clamping block is in threaded connection with the bottom end of the locking shaft, part of the edge of the clamping block extends into the lower side of the first guide rail, and when oil enters the clamping oil cavity, acting force generated by oil pressure of the clamping oil cavity and disc spring force generated by a disc spring act together to enable the lower body of the tailstock and the clamping block to clamp the first guide rail up and down; when the oil enters the oil releasing cavity, acting force generated by oil pressure of the oil releasing cavity overcomes disc spring force, so that the clamping block releases the first guide rail.
4. The hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body as claimed in claim 3, wherein the clamping cylinder comprises a clamping piston and a flange seat, a gland is sleeved on the upper end of the locking shaft, an upper end cover is covered on the upper side of the gland, the clamping piston, the disc spring and the flange seat are sequentially sleeved on the outer side of the locking shaft from top to bottom, the upper end cover, the locking shaft, the gland, the clamping piston and the lower body of the tailstock enclose the oil release chamber, the clamping piston, the locking shaft, the flange seat and the lower body of the tailstock enclose the oil release chamber, and the disc spring is arranged between the clamping piston and the flange seat in a compression manner.
5. The hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body according to claim 3, characterized in that the clamping mechanism comprises two clamping units.
6. The hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body according to claim 3, wherein a second guide rail is arranged in the length direction of the machine tool body, and the machine tool saddle is slidably arranged on the second guide rail.
7. The hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body according to claim 1, wherein the rear end of the sleeve is connected with a hollow sleeve piston, the front side and the rear side of the sleeve piston are respectively provided with a first oil chamber and a second oil chamber, the rear side of the second oil chamber is provided with a rear end cover, the rear end cover is fixed on the tailstock upper body, the inner side of the sleeve is provided with a tailstock mandrel, the outer side of the tailstock mandrel is sequentially provided with a first flange cover, a double-row cylindrical roller bearing, a spacer bush, an angular contact ball bearing, a one-way thrust ball bearing and a lock nut from front to back, the double-row cylindrical roller bearing is arranged at the front end of the tailstock mandrel, an inner hole of the double-row cylindrical roller bearing is a bearing taper hole with a large front part and a small back part, the front end of the tailstock mandrel is matched with the bearing taper hole, and the ball bearing and the one-way thrust ball bearing are arranged at the rear end of the tailstock mandrel, the tailstock core shaft is internally provided with a Morse taper hole and a through hole which are communicated with each other in a front-back mode, the rear end of the tailstock is matched with the Morse taper hole, the through hole is connected with a set screw in an internal thread mode, and the set screw is used for ejecting the tailstock out of the Morse taper hole.
8. The hydraulic tailstock with the movable upper body according to claim 7, wherein a guide key is mounted on the upper body of the tailstock, an axial guide groove is formed in the outer wall of the sleeve, and the bottom end of the guide key extends into the axial guide groove.
9. The hydraulic tailstock with a movable upper body according to claim 1, wherein the latch assembly is arranged in the lower tailstock body and comprises a latch rod, a first proximity switch and a second proximity switch, a third oil chamber and a fourth oil chamber are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the latch rod, a second flange cover is arranged on the front side of the third oil chamber, a third flange cover is arranged on the rear side of the fourth oil chamber, the second flange cover and the third flange cover are respectively fixed on the lower tailstock body, the first proximity switch is arranged on the rear side of the latch rod, a latch hole matched with the front end of the latch rod is formed in the machine tool saddle, and the second proximity switch is arranged on the machine tool saddle and close to the latch hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210614967.3A CN115007891B (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Hydraulic tailstock with movable upper body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210614967.3A CN115007891B (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Hydraulic tailstock with movable upper body |
Publications (2)
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|---|---|
| CN115007891B (en) | 2023-06-27 |
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