CN115001322A - Signal sampling method, motor phase commutation method, device, chip and motor - Google Patents
Signal sampling method, motor phase commutation method, device, chip and motor Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
- H02P6/182—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements using back-emf in windings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/175—Indicating the instants of passage of current or voltage through a given value, e.g. passage through zero
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/06—Arrangements for speed regulation of a single motor wherein the motor speed is measured and compared with a given physical value so as to adjust the motor speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/15—Controlling commutation time
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The application discloses a signal sampling method, a motor phase commutation method, a device, a chip and a motor, wherein the signal sampling method comprises the following steps: acquiring the duty ratio of a driving signal of a motor; determining a sampling period based on a duty cycle of the drive signal; and acquiring phase voltage of the motor, and sampling the phase voltage in the sampling time period to obtain sampling voltage. The method and the device can improve the accuracy of the sampling result.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a signal sampling method, a motor phase commutation method, a device, a chip and a motor.
Background
With the development of the technology, the dc brushless motor is widely used in the technical fields of home appliances, electric vehicles, electric tools, industrial machinery, and the like, by virtue of its advantages of stable operation, high power density, and the like. When the direct current brushless motor is subjected to non-inductive control, the phase change operation is required to be performed according to the phase voltage of the zero crossing point. In order to obtain the phase voltage of the zero crossing point, the phase voltage of the counter electromotive force of the motor is firstly obtained, then the obtained phase voltage of the counter electromotive force of the motor is sampled, and the phase voltage of the zero crossing point is detected based on the sampling result obtained by sampling. However, the error of the sampling result obtained by the prior art scheme is very large, and improvement on the sampling method of the prior art scheme is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a signal sampling method, a motor phase commutation method, a device, a chip, and a motor, which can improve the accuracy of a sampling result.
The application provides a signal sampling method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the duty ratio of a driving signal of a motor;
determining a sampling period based on a duty cycle of the drive signal;
and acquiring phase voltage of the motor, and sampling the phase voltage in the sampling time period to obtain sampling voltage.
Optionally, the determining a sampling period based on the duty cycle of the driving signal includes:
comparing the duty ratio of the driving signal with a preset value;
and determining a time period in which the driving signal is in a high level state or a low level state as a sampling time period according to the comparison result.
Optionally, before the determining the sampling period based on the duty cycle of the driving signal, the method further comprises:
determining a time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage, wherein the time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage is a time period for switching the phase voltage from a high level state to a low level state or from the low level state to the high level state.
Optionally, the obtaining the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor includes:
acquiring the rotating speed of the motor;
comparing the rotating speed of the motor with a preset speed to obtain a difference value between the rotating speed of the motor and the preset speed;
and determining the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor based on the mapping relation between the difference value and the duty ratio.
The application provides a motor commutation method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a sampling voltage based on the signal sampling method as described in any one of the above;
detecting the sampling voltage to obtain a zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor;
the method includes determining a point in time at which a phase commutation operation is performed based on zero-crossing points of phase voltages of the motor, and controlling the motor to perform the phase commutation operation based on the point in time at which the phase commutation operation is performed.
Optionally, the detecting the sampling voltage to obtain a zero crossing point of a phase voltage of the motor includes:
comparing the sampling voltage with a preset threshold value;
and when the sampling voltage is equal to the preset threshold value, taking the current time point as a zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor.
Alternatively, the determining a point in time at which a commutation operation is performed based on zero-crossing points of phase voltages of the motor and controlling the motor to perform the commutation operation based on the point in time at which the commutation operation is performed may include:
timing by taking a zero crossing point of phase voltage of the motor as a starting point;
when the timed duration is equal to the preset duration, taking the current time point as the time point of the motor for executing the phase change operation;
controlling the motor to perform a commutation operation based on a point in time at which the motor performs the commutation operation.
Optionally, when the timed period is equal to a preset period, taking the current time point as a time point when the motor performs a phase change operation, including:
and adjusting the preset time length based on the rotating speed of the motor so as to adjust the time point of the motor for executing the phase change operation.
The application provides a signal sampling device includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the duty ratio of a driving signal of the motor;
a determination module for determining a sampling period based on a duty cycle of the drive signal;
and the sampling module is used for acquiring the phase voltage of the motor and sampling the phase voltage in the sampling time period to obtain a sampling voltage.
The application provides a motor commutation device, include as above signal sampling device, and utilize signal sampling device acquires the sampling voltage, motor commutation device still includes:
the detection module is used for detecting the sampling voltage to obtain a zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor;
a control module to determine a point in time to perform a commutation operation based on zero-crossing points of phase voltages of the motor, and to control the motor to perform the commutation operation based on the point in time to perform the commutation operation.
The chip provided by the application is used for executing the signal sampling method or the motor commutation method.
The application provides a motor, includes chip as above.
The signal sampling method, the motor phase-changing device, the chip and the motor are provided by the embodiment of the application, wherein the signal sampling method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining the duty ratio of a driving signal of the motor, then determining a sampling time period based on the duty ratio of the driving signal, being beneficial to flexibly adjusting the length of the sampling time period according to the duty ratio of the driving signal, finally obtaining the phase voltage of the motor, and sampling the phase voltage in the sampling time period to obtain the sampling voltage. Compared with the sampling method in the prior art, the sampling method can only trigger sampling once when the driving signal of the motor is at a high level or a low level, and the phase voltage can be continuously sampled in the sampling time period or sampled for multiple times at multiple time points in the sampling time period, so that more sampling results are obtained, the error of the sampling results can be reduced, and the accuracy of the sampling results can be improved.
In addition, according to the phase change method for the motor, the sampling voltage is obtained based on any one of the signal sampling methods, then the sampling voltage is detected, the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor is obtained, finally, the time point of executing the phase change operation is determined based on the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor, and the motor is controlled to execute the phase change operation based on the time point of executing the phase change operation. Therefore, the method and the device for detecting the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor are beneficial to more accurately detecting the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor by improving the accuracy of the sampling result, so that the time point for executing the phase change operation is determined based on the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor, the phase change operation of the motor is ensured at the accurate time point, and the motor is prevented from being out of order during the phase change operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a first flowchart of a signal sampling method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a second flow chart of a signal sampling method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a third flowchart of a signal sampling method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first scenario of a signal sampling process provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second scenario of a signal sampling process provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a first schematic flow chart of a motor commutation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic flow chart of a motor commutation method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a third schematic flow chart of a commutation method for an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor phase commutation device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the prior art, the sampling method for the phase voltage of the back electromotive force of the motor includes: the sampling mode of the hardware comparator is adopted, but the sampling mode of the hardware comparator is adopted to adjust the hardware comparator aiming at different motors, so that the adaptability is poor, and the cost is high; or, the ADC sampling mode, but the ADC sampling mode can only be fixed to trigger sampling once when the driving signal of the motor is at a high level or a low level, and for a motor with a fast rotation speed change, a wide rotation speed change range, or a large load change, the period of sampling the phase voltage becomes so short that the error of the sampling result of the ADC sampling mode is large, which is not beneficial to the normal operation of the motor and even causes the motor to stop. In order to solve the technical problem of the prior art, the present application provides the following embodiments:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. The following embodiments and their technical features may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a first flowchart of a signal sampling method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The signal sampling method comprises the following steps:
and S1, acquiring the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor.
It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, the duty cycle of the drive signal to the motor is a known parameter of the motor, and that the duty cycle may effect an adjustment in the speed of the motor. Specifically, the duty ratio is a ratio of the high-level driving signal in one period, and the larger the ratio of the high-level driving signal to the entire driving signal is, the larger the duty ratio is, whereas the smaller the ratio of the low-level driving signal to the entire driving signal is, the smaller the duty ratio is. When the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor is an unknown parameter of the motor, the following embodiments are provided to acquire the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor.
Optionally, in some embodiments, please refer to fig. 2, and fig. 2 is a second flow chart of the signal sampling method according to the embodiment of the present application. The step of obtaining the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor comprises the following steps:
and S11, acquiring the rotating speed of the motor.
And S12, comparing the rotating speed of the motor with a preset speed to obtain a difference value between the rotating speed of the motor and the preset speed.
And S13, determining the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor based on the mapping relation between the difference value and the duty ratio.
It is understood that the rotation speeds of different motors may cause the duty ratios of the driving signals of the motors to vary greatly. For different motors, firstly, the rotating speed (basic parameters of the motor) of the motor is obtained, a preset speed is set corresponding to the motor, the rotating speed of the motor is compared with the preset speed, and the difference value between the rotating speed of the motor and the preset speed is calculated.
Taking the motor of the dust collector as an example, the rotating speed of the motor of the dust collector is very high, generally more than 10W/min, the motor runs at low speed and high speed, the speed change is very large, and the duty ratio of the driving signal PWM for driving the motor also changes greatly under the condition. In this case, the preset speed is set to any one of values from 6000 rpm to 110000 rpm, and the rotation speed of the motor is compared with the preset speed to obtain a difference Err. In one embodiment, the mapping relationship between the difference and the duty ratio is a functional relationship, which is the following functional expression: duty cycles (duty ratio) = Kp · Err + Ki · Err · dt, where Kp, Ki are parameters of the motor, and the difference value Err is input to the functional expression to obtain the duty ratio of the drive signal of the motor corresponding to the cleaner.
And S2, determining a sampling time period based on the duty ratio of the driving signal.
It can be understood that the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor is different in different stages, and taking the motor of the electric tool as an example, the rotating speed of the motor of the electric tool does not change greatly, but the rotating speed is maintained when the motor is unloaded and heavily loaded, so that the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor changes greatly. Therefore, the sampling time period is determined by the duty ratio of the driving signal, for example, when the duty ratio of the driving signal is high, the sampling time period is increased, so that more sampling results can be obtained by sampling in a longer sampling time period; or when the duty ratio of the driving signal is low, the sampling time period is shortened, and the effectiveness of the sampling result is improved. Further, in order to improve sampling accuracy, the present application provides the following embodiments.
Optionally, in some embodiments, please refer to fig. 3, and fig. 3 is a third flow chart of the signal sampling method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The step "determining a sampling period based on the duty cycle of the driving signal" includes:
and S21, comparing the duty ratio of the driving signal with a preset value.
And S22, determining the time period when the driving signal is in the high level state or the low level state as the sampling time period according to the comparison result.
In one embodiment, the preset value is set to 50%, and when the duty ratio of the driving signal is greater than 50%, the duty ratio is high; when the duty ratio of the driving signal is less than 50%, the duty ratio is low. Determining a time period when the driving signal is in a high level state or a low level state as a sampling time period according to a comparison result between the duty ratio of the driving signal and a preset value, which may include the following cases:
optionally, when the duty ratio of the driving signal is smaller than a preset value, determining a time period when the driving signal is in a low level state as a sampling time period; and when the duty ratio of the driving signal is greater than a preset value, determining the time period of the driving signal in a high level state as a sampling time period.
Preferably, when the duty ratio of the driving signal is smaller than a preset value, determining a time period in which the driving signal is in a low level state as a sampling time period; and when the duty ratio of the driving signal is greater than a preset value, determining the time period of the driving signal in a high level state as a sampling time period.
It will be appreciated that in prior art solutions, when the duty cycle of the drive signal PWM driving the motor varies greatly, the sampling period will also vary greatly, resulting in the ADC sampling mode only sampling when the duty cycle is high. However, the present embodiment can solve the technical problem that, when the duty ratio of the driving signal is less than 50%, the phase voltage is continuously sampled for a period corresponding to the low-level driving signal; when the duty ratio of the driving signal is greater than 50%, the phase voltage is continuously sampled for a period corresponding to the high level driving signal. Therefore, in the embodiment, the phase voltage can be sampled no matter the duty ratio of the driving signal is less than or greater than 50%, compared with the prior art, the sampling range of the embodiment is larger, and the adaptive capacity to various scenes is stronger.
And S3, obtaining phase voltage of the motor, and sampling the phase voltage in a sampling time period to obtain sampling voltage.
Optionally, in some embodiments, before determining the sampling time period based on the duty ratio of the driving signal, the signal sampling method further includes:
and determining a time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage, wherein the time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage is a time period for switching the phase voltage from a high-level state to a low-level state or from the low-level state to the high-level state.
It can be understood that by determining the time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage and stopping sampling the phase voltage within the time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage, it is possible to avoid that when the phase voltage is switched from a high level state to a low level state or from the low level state to the high level state, noise caused by level jump reduces the accuracy of the sampling result.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first scenario of a sampling process provided in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second scenario of the sampling process provided in the embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, when the duty ratio of the driving signal is less than 50%, a period for switching the phase voltage from the high level state to the low level state is set as a period T1 for stopping sampling the phase voltage, and the phase voltage is continuously sampled for a period T2 corresponding to the low level driving signal; as shown in fig. 5, when the duty ratio of the driving signal is greater than 50%, the period for switching the phase voltage from the low level state to the high level state is set as the period T1 for stopping sampling the phase voltage, and the phase voltage is continuously sampled for the period T2 corresponding to the high level driving signal.
The signal sampling method, the motor phase-changing device, the chip and the motor are provided by the embodiment of the application, wherein the signal sampling method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining the duty ratio of a driving signal of the motor, then determining a sampling time period based on the duty ratio of the driving signal, being beneficial to flexibly adjusting the length of the sampling time period according to the duty ratio of the driving signal, finally obtaining the phase voltage of the motor, and sampling the phase voltage in the sampling time period to obtain the sampling voltage. Compared with the sampling method in the prior art, the sampling method can only trigger sampling once when the driving signal of the motor is at a high level or a low level, and the phase voltage can be continuously sampled in the sampling time period or sampled for multiple times at multiple time points in the sampling time period, so that more sampling results are obtained, the error of the sampling results can be reduced, and the accuracy of the sampling results can be improved.
Please refer to fig. 6, wherein fig. 6 is a first flowchart of a motor phase shifting method according to an embodiment of the present application. The motor phase change method comprises the following steps:
s4, obtaining a sampling voltage, where a manner of obtaining the sampling voltage may be the signal sampling method as described above.
And S5, detecting the sampling voltage to obtain the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor.
Alternatively, the zero-crossing points of the phase voltages of the motor are calculated by a functional formula, i.e. the zero-crossing points of the sampled voltages are calculated.
It is understood that the zero-crossing point of the phase voltage is a time point at which the counter electromotive force of the motor is zero, however, since the phase voltage of the motor is not exactly equal to the counter electromotive force of the motor, the zero-crossing point of the phase voltage is different when the sampling period is different, for example, when the phase voltage is sampled corresponding to a period of the high-level driving signal, the zero-crossing point of the phase voltage is a time point at which the phase voltage is equal to one-half of the driving voltage of the motor; when the phase voltage is sampled in a time period corresponding to the low-level driving signal, the zero-crossing point of the phase voltage is a time point when the phase voltage is zero.
Optionally, in some embodiments, please refer to fig. 7, and fig. 7 is a second flowchart of the motor phase commutation method provided in the embodiments of the present application. The step of detecting the sampling voltage to obtain the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor comprises the following steps:
and S51, comparing the sampling voltage with a preset threshold value.
And S52, when the sampling voltage is equal to the preset threshold value, taking the current time point as the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor.
In this embodiment, when sampling the phase voltage corresponding to the time period of the high-level driving signal, the preset threshold is set to be one half of the motor driving voltage, and when the sampling voltage is equal to the preset threshold, that is, the sampling voltage is equal to one half of the motor driving voltage, the time point at which the sampling voltage is equal to one half of the motor driving voltage is recorded and is taken as the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor; when the phase voltage is sampled in a time period corresponding to the low-level driving signal, the preset threshold value is set to be 0, and when the sampling voltage is equal to the preset threshold value, namely the sampling voltage is equal to 0, the time point when the sampling voltage is equal to 0 is recorded and is used as the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor.
S6, determining a point in time to perform a commutation operation based on zero-crossing points of phase voltages of the motor, and controlling the motor to perform the commutation operation based on the point in time to perform the commutation operation.
Alternatively, in some embodiments, the interval period from when the motor performs the commutation operation for the first time to when the commutation operation is performed for the next time is a zero-crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor as a midpoint of the interval period.
Optionally, in some embodiments, please refer to fig. 8, and fig. 8 is a third flowchart of the motor commutation method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The step of determining a point in time at which a phase commutation operation is performed based on a zero-crossing point of a phase voltage of the motor, and controlling the motor to perform the phase commutation operation based on the point in time at which the phase commutation operation is performed includes:
s61 is performed by timing with a zero-crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor as a starting point.
And S62, when the timing duration is equal to the preset duration, taking the current time point as the time point of the phase change operation executed by the motor.
It is understood that after the motor performs the commutation operation for the first time, the timing of the first phase is started by the timer until the zero-crossing point of the phase voltage, i.e., the zero-crossing point of the phase voltage, is determined. When the zero crossing point is determined, timing of the second stage is started, the timing duration of the second stage is a preset duration, a user can set the preset duration based on a specific scene, the timer counts down according to the preset duration, and the time when the preset duration is over is the time point of the motor for executing the phase change operation. At a point of time when the motor performs a commutation operation, the motor performs the commutation operation.
Preferably, the step of taking the current time point as the time point of the phase change operation performed by the motor when the timed time length is equal to the preset time length includes:
and adjusting the preset time length based on the rotating speed of the motor so as to adjust the time point of the motor for executing the phase change operation.
It can be understood that, since the controller of the motor controls the motor to perform the commutation operation, a time delay may be caused, and in order to avoid performing the commutation operation with the time delay, it is necessary to set a time point for performing the commutation operation ahead of time by adjusting a preset time period so as to control the motor to perform the commutation operation ahead of time. Since the higher the rotation speed of the motor, the less the delay required for performing the commutation operation, the preset time period is adjusted based on the rotation speed of the motor to adjust the time point at which the motor performs the commutation operation, and the time point at which the commutation operation is performed in advance can be set more accurately for different motors.
And S63, controlling the motor to execute the phase commutation operation based on the time point when the motor executes the phase commutation operation.
According to the phase change method for the motor, the sampling voltage is obtained based on any one of the signal sampling methods, then the sampling voltage is detected, the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor is obtained, finally, the time point of executing the phase change operation is determined based on the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor, and the motor is controlled to execute the phase change operation based on the time point of executing the phase change operation. Therefore, the method and the device have the advantages that the accuracy of the sampling result is improved, the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor can be detected more accurately, the time point for executing the phase change operation is determined based on the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor, the phase change operation of the motor is ensured at the accurate time point, and the fault of the motor in the phase change operation is avoided.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The present application provides a signal sampling apparatus 1, the signal sampling apparatus 1 including:
and the obtaining module 10 is used for obtaining the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor.
Optionally, in some embodiments, the obtaining module 10 includes:
an obtaining unit 11 is used for obtaining the rotation speed of the motor.
The first comparing unit 12 is configured to compare the rotating speed of the motor with a preset speed to obtain a difference value between the rotating speed of the motor and the preset speed.
And a first determining unit 13, configured to determine a duty ratio of a driving signal of the motor based on a mapping relationship between the difference value and the duty ratio.
A determining module 20 for determining the sampling period based on the duty cycle of the driving signal.
And the sampling module 30 is configured to acquire a phase voltage of the motor, and sample the phase voltage in a sampling time period to obtain a sampled voltage.
Optionally, in some embodiments, the sampling module 30 comprises:
and a second comparison unit 31 for comparing the duty ratio of the driving signal with a preset value.
And a second determining unit 32 for determining a period of time during which the driving signal is in a high level state or a low level state as a sampling period of time according to the comparison result.
Optionally, in some embodiments, the determining module 20 is further configured to:
and determining a time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage, wherein the time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage is a time period for switching the phase voltage from a high-level state to a low-level state or from the low-level state to the high-level state.
The signal sampling device provided by the embodiment of the application firstly acquires the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor by the module 10, then determines the sampling time period by the determining module 20 based on the duty ratio of the driving signal, and is favorable for flexibly adjusting the length of the sampling time period according to the duty ratio of the driving signal, and finally acquires the phase voltage of the motor by the sampling module 30, and samples the phase voltage in the sampling time period to obtain the sampling voltage. Compared with the sampling method in the prior art, the sampling method can only trigger sampling once when the driving signal of the motor is at a high level or a low level, and the phase voltage can be continuously sampled in the sampling time period or sampled for multiple times at multiple time points in the sampling time period, so that more sampling results are obtained, the error of the sampling results can be reduced, and the accuracy of the sampling results can be improved.
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor phase-changing device according to an embodiment of the present application. The application provides a motor commutation device 2, this motor commutation device 2 includes:
the signal sampling device 1 is used for acquiring the sampling voltage by the signal sampling device 1.
And the detection module 40 is used for detecting the sampling voltage to obtain a zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor.
Optionally, in some embodiments, the detection module 40 comprises:
and a third comparing unit 41 for comparing the sampled voltage with a preset threshold.
And a third determining unit 42, configured to take the current time point as a zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor when the sampled voltage is equal to the preset threshold.
And a control module 50 for determining a point in time at which a commutation operation is performed based on zero-crossing points of phase voltages of the motor, and controlling the motor to perform the commutation operation based on the point in time at which the commutation operation is performed.
Optionally, in some embodiments, the control module 50 comprises:
the first timing unit 51 is configured to count time starting from a zero-crossing point of a phase voltage of the motor.
And a second timing unit 52 for setting the current time point as the time point when the motor performs the commutation operation when the timed time period is equal to the preset time period.
Optionally, the timing unit 51 is further configured to:
and adjusting the preset time length based on the rotating speed of the motor so as to adjust the time point of the motor for executing the phase change operation.
A commutation unit 53 for controlling the motor to perform a commutation operation based on a point in time at which the motor performs the commutation operation.
According to the phase-changing device 2 for the motor, the signal sampling device 1 obtains the sampling voltage based on any one of the signal sampling methods, then the detection module 40 detects the sampling voltage to obtain the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor, and finally the control module 50 determines the time point for executing the phase-changing operation based on the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor and controls the motor to execute the phase-changing operation based on the time point for executing the phase-changing operation. Therefore, the method and the device have the advantages that the accuracy of the sampling result is improved, the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor can be detected more accurately, the time point for executing the phase change operation is determined based on the zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor, the phase change operation of the motor is ensured at the accurate time point, and the fault of the motor in the phase change operation is avoided.
The chip provided by the application is used for executing the signal sampling method or the motor commutation method.
The technical effect achieved by the embodiment of the application is the same as that achieved by the signal sampling method and the motor commutation method, and the description is omitted here.
The application provides a motor, includes above chip.
The technical effect achieved by the embodiment of the application is the same as that achieved by the signal sampling method and the motor phase commutation method, and the technical effect is not described in detail here.
It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following technologies, which are well known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, or the like.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A method of sampling a signal, comprising:
acquiring the duty ratio of a driving signal of a motor;
determining a sampling period based on a duty cycle of the drive signal;
and acquiring phase voltage of the motor, and sampling the phase voltage in the sampling time period to obtain sampling voltage.
2. The signal sampling method of claim 1, wherein determining a sampling period based on the duty cycle of the drive signal comprises:
comparing the duty ratio of the driving signal with a preset value;
and determining the time period of the driving signal in the high level state or the low level state as a sampling time period according to the comparison result.
3. The signal sampling method of claim 1, wherein prior to the determining a sampling period based on the duty cycle of the drive signal, the method further comprises:
determining a time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage, wherein the time period for stopping sampling the phase voltage is a time period for switching the phase voltage from a high level state to a low level state or from the low level state to the high level state.
4. The signal sampling method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining a duty cycle of a driving signal of a motor comprises:
acquiring the rotating speed of the motor;
comparing the rotating speed of the motor with a preset speed to obtain a difference value between the rotating speed of the motor and the preset speed;
and determining the duty ratio of the driving signal of the motor based on the mapping relation between the difference value and the duty ratio.
5. A method of commutation for an electric motor, comprising:
acquiring a sampling voltage based on the signal sampling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
detecting the sampling voltage to obtain a zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor;
the method includes determining a point in time at which a phase commutation operation is performed based on zero-crossing points of phase voltages of the motor, and controlling the motor to perform the phase commutation operation based on the point in time at which the phase commutation operation is performed.
6. The motor commutation method of claim 5, wherein the detecting the sampled voltage to obtain zero-crossing points of phase voltages of the motor comprises:
comparing the sampling voltage with a preset threshold value;
and when the sampling voltage is equal to the preset threshold value, taking the current time point as a zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor.
7. The motor commutation method of claim 5, wherein the determining a point in time to perform a commutation operation based on zero-crossings of phase voltages of the motor and controlling the motor to perform a commutation operation based on the point in time to perform a commutation operation comprises:
timing by taking a zero crossing point of a phase voltage of the motor as a starting point;
when the timed duration is equal to the preset duration, taking the current time point as the time point of the motor for executing the phase change operation;
controlling the motor to perform a commutation operation based on a point in time at which the motor performs the commutation operation.
8. The motor commutation method of claim 7, wherein the taking a current time point as a time point at which the motor performs a commutation operation when a timed period is equal to a preset time period comprises:
and adjusting the preset time length based on the rotating speed of the motor so as to adjust the time point of the motor for executing the phase change operation.
9. A signal sampling apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the duty ratio of a driving signal of the motor;
a determination module for determining a sampling period based on a duty cycle of the drive signal;
and the sampling module is used for acquiring the phase voltage of the motor and sampling the phase voltage in the sampling time period to obtain a sampling voltage.
10. A motor commutation apparatus, comprising the signal sampling apparatus of claim 9, and obtaining a sampled voltage by using the signal sampling apparatus, the motor commutation apparatus further comprising:
the detection module is used for detecting the sampling voltage to obtain a zero crossing point of the phase voltage of the motor;
a control module to determine a point in time to perform a commutation operation based on zero-crossings of phase voltages of the motor and to control the motor to perform the commutation operation based on the point in time to perform the commutation operation.
11. A chip for performing the signal sampling method of any one of claims 1 to 4 or performing the motor commutation method of any one of claims 5 to 8.
12. An electrical machine comprising a chip as claimed in claim 11.
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| CN202210929995.4A CN115001322A (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2022-08-04 | Signal sampling method, motor phase commutation method, device, chip and motor |
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Application publication date: 20220902 |