CN115000462A - Control method and device for water drainage valve of hydrogen fuel cell system - Google Patents
Control method and device for water drainage valve of hydrogen fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115000462A CN115000462A CN202110223684.1A CN202110223684A CN115000462A CN 115000462 A CN115000462 A CN 115000462A CN 202110223684 A CN202110223684 A CN 202110223684A CN 115000462 A CN115000462 A CN 115000462A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method and a control device of a water discharge valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system, which comprises the following steps of S1, detecting real-time system working conditions and real-time working states of the water discharge valve; acquiring a prestored initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve according to a real-time system working condition; step S2, determining the basic opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working condition, and determining the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition; step S3, monitoring the pressure data of the anode according to the real-time working state of the drain valve, determining the variation of the absolute value of the anode pressure according to the recorded lowest anode pressure data, judging whether the variation of the absolute value of the anode pressure is within a preset variation range threshold, and acquiring the corresponding regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve according to the judgment result; and step S4, determining the final opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition. The invention makes the opening time of the drain valve change along with the performance attenuation of the fuel cell or the change of the working environment, and improves the hydrogen utilization rate and the system economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a control method and a control device for a water drainage valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system.
Background
At present, the opening time of the water discharge valve of the hydrogen fuel cell system only considers the system working power or current factor. In practical situations, the accumulation conditions of liquid water in the hydrogen fuel cell are greatly different under different conditions, such as different environmental temperatures and different degrees of performance attenuation of the stack, and if the opening time of the drain valve is determined only by the working power or current of the system, the opening time of the drain valve may be too short or too long, which may cause flooding faults, and adverse consequences such as unstable working pressure of hydrogen, excessive discharge concentration, and reduced utilization rate.
In the conventional solution, a method of estimating a water state of the fuel cell by detecting a pressure drop of hydrogen gas, or estimating a chemical reaction amount of fuel, opening a drain valve based on the estimated chemical reaction amount, and controlling the drain valve in a state where the drain valve is opened to supply the fuel to the fuel cell stack through a fuel supply line is used.
However, the above methods have certain problems: for example, the control of the drain valve is not adjusted in real time through the change of the anode pressure; even if the closing timing of the drain valve is determined by the change rate of the anode pressure, there is a possibility that a plurality of inflection points are generated in the change rate of the anode pressure during the opening of the drain valve, thereby affecting the closing timing of the drain valve.
Specifically, the water discharge valve is opened, for example, during dynamic changes in the output power of the fuel cell system, or in the fuel cell system with the hydrogen discharge valve, the hydrogen discharge valve and the water discharge valve are opened simultaneously. Fluctuations in the rate of change of the anode pressure during these conditions can result in improper drain valve closing times. The general drain valve structure mode is the solenoid valve, if adopt and gather the anode pressure rate of change and be used for calculating the closing moment of current open cycle during current drain valve is opened, after calculating and output drain valve closing command, the drain valve still needs certain response time to close, leads to the drain valve actual closing moment to be inconsistent with the expectation closing moment, and then leads to the drainage not enough or discharges too much hydrogen.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method and a control device for a water discharge valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system, which solve the technical problems of flooding faults and reduction of hydrogen utilization rate caused by over-short or over-long opening time of the water discharge valve of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
In one aspect, there is provided a control method of a drain valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system, including the steps of:
step S1, responding to a starting instruction of the hydrogen fuel cell system, detecting real-time system working conditions and real-time drain valve working states, and acquiring prestored initial adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working conditions;
step S2, determining the basic opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working condition, summing the basic opening time of the drain valve and the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve, and obtaining the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition;
step S3, monitoring the pressure data of the anode according to the real-time working state of the drain valve, and continuously measuring and recording the pressure data of the anode according to a preset measuring period when the real-time working state of the drain valve is open; when the real-time working state of the drain valve is changed from opening to closing, determining the anode pressure absolute value variation according to the recorded lowest anode pressure data, judging whether the anode pressure absolute value variation is within a preset variation range threshold value, and acquiring the corresponding drain valve opening time regulating quantity according to the judgment result;
and step S4, summing the adjusting quantity of the drain valve opening time and the drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition to obtain the corrected drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition, and adjusting the final drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition according to the corrected drain valve opening time.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and step S5, when the drain valve opening time regulating quantity corresponding to the real-time system working condition is detected to be not zero, storing the real-time system working condition and the corresponding drain valve opening time regulating quantity as the drain valve opening time initial quantity according to a preset format.
Preferably, in step S1, the obtaining of the pre-stored initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system condition specifically includes:
acquiring a plurality of prestored system working conditions and initial amount information of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the system working conditions; matching whether the prestored system working condition is the same as the real-time system working condition or not;
if the matching is successful, reading the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition;
and if the matching is unsuccessful, setting the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition to be zero.
Preferably, in step S2, the calculating the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system condition specifically includes:
and (3) calling the current output current and the current output power of the fuel cell system under the real-time system working condition, inputting the current output current and the current output power as input quantities into a preset basic opening time calculation model, and acquiring the output real-time opening time of the drain valve under the system working condition.
Preferably, in step S3, the determining whether the anode pressure absolute value variation is within a preset variation range threshold specifically includes:
when pressure data of the anode is monitored, measuring the absolute value variation of the pressure of the anode in real time, and determining the maximum value and the minimum value of the pressure of the anode;
comparing the maximum value of the anode pressure with a preset upper limit of an expected range of the anode pressure, and comparing the minimum value of the anode pressure with a lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure; if the maximum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the upper limit of a preset anode pressure expected range and the minimum value of the anode pressure is larger than the lower limit of the anode pressure expected range, judging that the anode pressure variation is within a preset variation range threshold; and if the maximum value of the anode pressure is larger than the upper limit of a preset expected range of the anode pressure, or the minimum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure, judging that the anode pressure variation is not in the preset variation range threshold.
Preferably, in step S3, the obtaining the corresponding adjustment amount of the opening time of the drain valve according to the determination result specifically includes:
if the change quantity of the absolute value of the anode pressure is within a preset change range threshold value, setting the adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve to be zero; and if the anode pressure absolute value variation is not within the preset variation range threshold, acquiring a preset step length corresponding to the anode pressure absolute value variation as the regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve.
In another aspect, there is provided a control device for a water discharge valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system, for implementing a control method for the water discharge valve of the hydrogen fuel cell system, including: the device comprises a detection module, a drain valve opening time calculation module and a drain valve opening time adjustment quantity calculation module which are connected with each other;
the detection module is used for responding to a starting instruction of the hydrogen fuel cell system and detecting real-time system working conditions and real-time drain valve working states; acquiring a prestored initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve according to a real-time system working condition;
the drain valve opening time calculation module is used for determining the basic opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working condition, and taking the sum of the basic opening time of the drain valve and the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve as the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition;
the drain valve opening time regulating quantity calculation module is used for monitoring the pressure data of the anode according to the real-time drain valve working state, and continuously measuring and recording the anode pressure data according to a preset measuring period when the real-time drain valve working state is open; when the real-time working state of the drain valve is changed from opening to closing, determining the anode pressure absolute value variation according to the recorded lowest anode pressure data, judging whether the anode pressure absolute value variation is within a preset variation range threshold value, and acquiring the corresponding drain valve opening time regulating quantity according to the judgment result;
the drain valve opening time calculation module is also used for summing the drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition and the drain valve opening time regulating quantity to obtain the corrected drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition, and regulating the drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition according to the corrected drain valve opening time.
Preferably, the detection module is further configured to obtain pre-stored information on a plurality of system conditions and initial amount of opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the system conditions; matching whether the prestored system working condition is the same as the real-time system working condition or not;
if the matching is successful, reading the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition;
and if the matching is unsuccessful, setting the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition to be zero.
Preferably, the drain valve opening time adjustment amount calculation module is further configured to adjust a current output current and a current output power of the fuel cell system under a real-time system working condition, input the current output current and the current output power as input amounts into a preset basic opening time calculation model, and obtain an output real-time drain valve opening time under the system working condition.
Preferably, the drain valve opening time calculation module is further configured to measure an absolute value variation of the pressure of the drain valve anode in real time when monitoring pressure data of the drain valve anode, and determine a maximum value and a minimum value of the anode pressure;
comparing the maximum value of the anode pressure with a preset upper limit of an expected range of the anode pressure, and comparing the minimum value of the anode pressure with a lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure; if the maximum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the upper limit of a preset expected range of the anode pressure and the minimum value of the anode pressure is larger than the lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure, determining that the variation of the anode pressure is within a preset variation range threshold; if the maximum value of the anode pressure is larger than the upper limit of a preset anode pressure expected range, or the minimum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the lower limit of the anode pressure expected range, judging that the anode pressure variation is not in the preset variation range threshold;
if the change quantity of the absolute value of the anode pressure is within a preset change range threshold value, setting the adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve to be zero; and if the anode pressure absolute value variation is not within the preset variation range threshold, acquiring a preset step length corresponding to the anode pressure absolute value variation as the regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve.
Preferably, the drain valve opening time adjustment amount calculation module is further configured to store the real-time system operating condition and the corresponding drain valve opening time adjustment amount as the initial amount of drain valve opening time according to a preset format when detecting that the drain valve opening time adjustment amount corresponding to the real-time system operating condition is not zero.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the control method and the control device for the water drain valve of the hydrogen fuel cell system, provided by the invention, in the operation process of the fuel cell system, whether the opening time of the water drain valve is in a proper range can be judged in real time according to the absolute value change of the anode pressure, and the opening time of the water drain valve of the system can be adjusted, so that the opening time of the water drain valve of the system can be changed along with the performance attenuation of the fuel cell or the change of the working environment of the system; by adopting the variation of the absolute value of the anode pressure as a calculation parameter for correcting the opening time of the drain valve, the optimal opening time of the drain valve can be correctly calculated even if the anode pressure fluctuates repeatedly during the opening period of the drain valve; the correction data of the opening time of the drain valve under different working conditions are stored in a nonvolatile storage area in the controller, and the correction data are read and applied after the system is powered on, so that the opening time of the drain valve can be quickly adjusted to an optimal state; the hydrogen working pressure of the system is kept stable, the water logging or overdrying fault of the fuel cell system is avoided, the working stability of the system is improved, the service life of the system is prolonged, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and the economy of the system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic main flow chart of a control method of a water discharge valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a logic diagram of a control method of a water discharge valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for a water discharge valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams illustrating an embodiment of a control method of a water drain valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:
and step S1, responding to the starting instruction of the hydrogen fuel cell system, detecting the real-time system working condition and the real-time drain valve working state (including opening or closing), and acquiring the pre-stored initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working condition. It can be understood that, when the fuel cell system enters a working state, whether a nonvolatile storage area in a controller of the fuel cell system has a pre-stored initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve is checked, and if the pre-stored initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve exists, the initial amount is directly read and applied (the opening time adjustment amount of the drain valve under each working condition is read from the storage area of the controller to serve as an initial adjustment amount), so that the opening time of the drain valve can be quickly adjusted to an optimal state; and if no effective data exists, the adjustment step length under each working condition is defaulted to be zero.
In the specific embodiment, a plurality of prestored system working conditions and initial amount of opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the system working conditions are obtained; matching whether the prestored system working condition is the same as the real-time system working condition or not; if the matching is successful, reading the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition; and if the matching is unsuccessful, setting the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition to be zero. It can be understood that the initial adjustment quantity of the starting time of the drain valve under each working condition is read from the storage area of the controller; and if no effective data exists, the adjustment step length under each working condition is defaulted to be zero.
Step S2, determining the basic opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working condition, summing the basic opening time of the drain valve and the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve, and obtaining the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition;
in the specific embodiment, the fuel cell system enters a working state, the current output current and the output power of the fuel cell are determined according to the working condition of the real-time monitoring system, the current output current and the current output power are used as input quantities and input into a preset basic opening time calculation model, and the output real-time opening time of the drain valve under the working condition of the system, namely the basic opening time of the drain valve, is obtained and is used for subsequent correction according to the adjustment quantity of the opening time.
Step S3, monitoring the pressure data of the drain valve anode according to the real-time drain valve working state, and continuously measuring and recording the anode pressure data according to a preset measuring period when the real-time drain valve working state is open; when the real-time working state of the drain valve is changed from opening to closing, determining the anode pressure absolute value variation according to the recorded lowest anode pressure data, judging whether the anode pressure absolute value variation is within a preset variation range threshold value, and acquiring the corresponding drain valve opening time regulating quantity according to the judgment result. It can be understood that the method can judge whether the opening time of the drain valve is in a proper interval only by monitoring the anode pressure change data when the drain valve is in a working state, and can save data processing and operation time only by collecting the data of the opening time of the drain valve; when the variation range of the anode pressure exceeds the set range, the opening time of the drain valve is adjusted according to the preset step length, and the stability of the opening time of the drain valve is ensured.
In a specific embodiment, when pressure data of the anode is monitored, the absolute value variation of the pressure of the anode is measured in real time, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the pressure of the anode are determined;
comparing the maximum value of the anode pressure with a preset upper limit of an expected range of the anode pressure, and comparing the minimum value of the anode pressure with a lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure; if the maximum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the upper limit of a preset anode pressure expected range and the minimum value of the anode pressure is larger than the lower limit of the anode pressure expected range, judging that the anode pressure variation is within a preset variation range threshold; and if the maximum value of the anode pressure is larger than the upper limit of a preset expected range of the anode pressure, or the minimum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure, judging that the anode pressure variation is not in the preset variation range threshold. If the anode pressure variation is within a preset variation range threshold, setting the opening time adjustment quantity of the drain valve to be zero; and if the anode pressure variation is not within the preset variation range threshold, acquiring a preset step length corresponding to the anode pressure absolute value variation as the regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve. It can be understood that when the drain valve is detected to be in an open state, the anode pressure is continuously measured and recorded; and after the drain valve is detected to be in a closed state, judging whether the change condition of the anode pressure is in an expected range according to the recorded lowest anode pressure. Whether the opening time of the drain valve is in a proper interval can be judged only by monitoring anode pressure change data when the drain valve is in a working state, and data processing and operation time can be saved only by collecting the data of the opening time of the drain valve.
And step S4, summing the adjusting quantity of the opening time of the drain valve and the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition to obtain the corrected opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition, and adjusting the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition according to the corrected opening time of the drain valve. It can be understood that when the variation range of the absolute value of the anode pressure exceeds the set range, the opening time of the drain valve needs to be adjusted, and the wrong opening time is corrected, specifically, the correction method is to adjust the basic opening time of the drain valve according to the adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve. According to the process, when the variation range of the anode pressure does not exceed the set range, the regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve is zero, namely the basic opening time of the drain valve is kept unchanged; when the variation range of the anode pressure exceeds the set range, a non-zero regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve can be obtained, namely, the time is increased or decreased on the basis of keeping the basic opening time of the drain valve, the corrected opening time of the drain valve is obtained, and the original opening time is replaced to be used as the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition.
In a specific embodiment, the adjustment amount of the opening time of the drain valve is summed with the basic opening time of the drain valve to serve as the new opening time of the drain valve.
Step S5, when detecting that the adjusting quantity of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition is not zero, storing the real-time system working condition and the corresponding adjusting quantity of the opening time of the drain valve as the initial quantity of the opening time of the drain valve according to a preset format; it can be understood that the real-time system working condition after the hydrogen fuel cell system is started and the corresponding opening time of the drain valve are recorded and stored as the initial adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve according to a preset format. It can be understood that the operation of storing the drain valve regulation data (mainly including system working condition information and drain valve opening time information corresponding to the system working condition) can quickly regulate the drain valve opening time to the optimal state, so that the regulation speed is increased, and the drain valve opening time is enabled to reach the optimal state more quickly.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a control device for a water discharge valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the control device is used to realize the control method of the drain valve of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and includes:
the device comprises a detection module, a drain valve opening time calculation module and a drain valve opening time regulating quantity calculation module which are connected with each other;
the detection module is used for responding to a starting instruction of the hydrogen fuel cell system, detecting real-time system working conditions and real-time drain valve working states, and acquiring prestored drain valve opening time initial quantity according to the real-time system working conditions;
in a specific embodiment, the detection module acquires a plurality of prestored system working conditions and initial amount information of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the system working conditions; matching whether the prestored system working condition is the same as the real-time system working condition or not;
if the matching is successful, reading the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition;
and if the matching is unsuccessful, setting the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition to be zero.
The drain valve opening time calculation module is used for determining the basic opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working condition, and taking the sum of the basic opening time of the drain valve and the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve as the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition; and summing the regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve and the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition to obtain the corrected opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition, and taking the corrected opening time of the drain valve as the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition.
In a specific embodiment, the drain valve opening time adjustment quantity calculation module calls the current output current and the current output power of the fuel cell system under the real-time system working condition, inputs the current output current and the current output power as input quantities into a preset basic opening time calculation model, and obtains the drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition.
The drain valve opening time regulating quantity calculating module is used for monitoring the pressure data of the anode according to the real-time working state of the drain valve, and continuously measuring and recording the pressure data of the anode according to a preset measuring period when the real-time working state of the drain valve is open; when the real-time working state of the drain valve is changed from opening to closing, determining the anode pressure absolute value variation according to the recorded lowest anode pressure data, judging whether the anode pressure absolute value variation is within a preset variation range threshold value, and acquiring the corresponding drain valve opening time regulating quantity according to the judgment result; and when detecting that the regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition is not zero, storing the real-time system working condition and the corresponding regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve as the initial quantity of the opening time of the drain valve according to a preset format.
In a specific embodiment, when the drain valve opening time calculation module monitors pressure data of the drain valve anode, the absolute value variation of the pressure of the drain valve anode is measured in real time, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the anode pressure are determined;
comparing the maximum value of the anode pressure with a preset upper limit of an expected range of the anode pressure, and comparing the minimum value of the anode pressure with a lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure; if the maximum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the upper limit of a preset anode pressure expected range and the minimum value of the anode pressure is larger than the lower limit of the anode pressure expected range, judging that the anode pressure variation is within a preset variation range threshold; if the maximum value of the anode pressure is larger than the upper limit of a preset expected range of the anode pressure, or the minimum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure, determining that the variation of the anode pressure is not in the threshold of the preset variation range;
if the change quantity of the absolute value of the anode pressure is within a preset change range threshold value, setting the adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve to be zero; and if the anode pressure absolute value variation is not within the preset variation range threshold, acquiring a preset step length corresponding to the anode pressure absolute value variation as the regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve.
In this embodiment, the apparatus further includes a data storage module configured to store the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve according to a preset format. It can be understood that the drain valve regulating data (mainly including the system working condition, the drain valve opening time regulating quantity information corresponding to the system working condition, the current output current of the fuel cell and the output power of the fuel cell) is stored, the basic opening time of the drain valve can be quickly calculated, the regulating speed is accelerated, and the opening time of the drain valve can be quickly reached to the optimal state.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the operation process of the fuel cell system, whether the opening time of the drain valve is in a proper range can be judged in real time according to the pressure change of the anode, and the opening time of the drain valve of the system can be adjusted to change along with the performance attenuation of the fuel cell or the change of the working environment of the system;
2. the change quantity of the absolute value of the anode pressure is used as a calculation parameter for correcting the opening time of the drain valve, so that the optimal opening time of the drain valve can be correctly calculated even if the anode pressure fluctuates repeatedly during the opening period of the drain valve;
3. the correction data of the opening time of the drain valve under different working conditions are stored in a nonvolatile storage area in the controller, and the correction data are read and applied after the system is powered on, so that the opening time of the drain valve can be quickly adjusted to an optimal state;
4. the hydrogen working pressure of the system is kept stable, the water logging or overdry fault of the fuel cell system is avoided, the working stability of the system is improved, the service life of the system is prolonged, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and the economical efficiency of the system is improved.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A control method for a drain valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step S1, responding to a starting instruction of the hydrogen fuel cell system, detecting real-time system working conditions and real-time drain valve working states, and acquiring prestored initial adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working conditions;
step S2, determining the basic opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working condition, summing the initial adjustment quantity of the basic opening time of the drain valve and the initial adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve, and obtaining the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition;
step S3, monitoring the pressure data of the anode according to the real-time working state of the drain valve, and continuously measuring and recording the pressure data of the anode according to a preset measuring period when the real-time working state of the drain valve is open; when the real-time working state of the drain valve is changed from opening to closing, determining the anode pressure absolute value variation according to the recorded lowest anode pressure data, judging whether the anode pressure absolute value variation is within a preset variation range threshold value, and acquiring the corresponding drain valve opening time adjustment quantity according to the judgment result;
and step S4, summing the real-time drain valve opening time under the system working condition and the drain valve opening time regulating quantity to obtain real-time corrected drain valve opening time under the system working condition, and regulating the real-time drain valve opening time under the system working condition according to the corrected drain valve opening time.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
and step S5, when the drain valve opening time regulating quantity corresponding to the real-time system working condition is detected to be not zero, storing the real-time system working condition and the corresponding drain valve opening time regulating quantity as the drain valve opening time initial quantity according to a preset format.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the obtaining a pre-stored initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system condition includes:
acquiring a plurality of prestored system working conditions and initial amount information of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the system working conditions; matching whether the prestored system working condition is the same as the real-time system working condition or not;
if the matching is successful, reading the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition;
and if the matching is unsuccessful, setting the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition to be zero.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in step S2, the calculating the drain valve opening time under real-time system conditions includes:
and (3) calling the current output current and the current output power of the fuel cell system under the real-time system working condition, inputting the current output current and the current output power as input quantities into a preset basic opening time calculation model, and acquiring the output real-time opening time of the drain valve under the system working condition.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step of determining whether the anode pressure absolute value variation is within a preset variation range threshold in step S3 specifically comprises:
when anode pressure data are monitored, measuring the absolute value variation of the anode pressure in real time, and determining the maximum value and the minimum value of the anode pressure;
comparing the maximum value of the anode pressure with a preset upper limit of an expected range of the anode pressure, and comparing the minimum value of the anode pressure with a lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure; if the maximum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the upper limit of a preset expected range of the anode pressure and the minimum value of the anode pressure is larger than the lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure, determining that the variation of the anode pressure is within a preset variation range threshold;
and if the maximum value of the anode pressure is larger than the upper limit of the preset expected range of the anode pressure, or the minimum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure, judging that the anode pressure variation is not in the preset variation range threshold.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, the obtaining the corresponding adjustment amount of the opening time of the drain valve according to the determination result specifically includes:
if the change quantity of the absolute value of the anode pressure is within a preset change range threshold value, setting the adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve to be zero;
and if the anode pressure absolute value variation is not within the preset variation range threshold, acquiring a preset step length corresponding to the anode pressure absolute value variation as the regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve.
7. A control apparatus for a water discharge valve of a hydrogen fuel cell system for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: the device comprises a detection module, a drain valve opening time calculation module and a drain valve opening time adjustment quantity calculation module which are connected with each other;
the detection module is used for responding to a starting instruction of the hydrogen fuel cell system, detecting real-time system working conditions and real-time drain valve working states, and acquiring prestored initial opening time amount of the drain valve according to the real-time system working conditions;
the drain valve opening time calculation module is used for determining the basic opening time of the drain valve according to the real-time system working condition, summing the basic opening time of the drain valve and the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve, and obtaining the opening time of the drain valve under the real-time system working condition;
the drain valve opening time regulating quantity calculation module is used for monitoring the pressure data of the anode according to the real-time drain valve working state, and continuously measuring and recording the anode pressure data according to a preset measuring period when the real-time drain valve working state is open; when the real-time working state of the drain valve is changed from opening to closing, determining the anode pressure absolute value variation according to the recorded lowest anode pressure data, judging whether the anode pressure absolute value variation is within a preset variation range threshold value, and acquiring the corresponding drain valve opening time adjustment quantity according to the judgment result;
the drain valve opening time calculation module is also used for summing the drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition and the drain valve opening time regulating quantity to obtain the corrected drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition, and regulating the drain valve opening time under the real-time system working condition according to the corrected drain valve opening time.
8. The control device according to claim 7, wherein the detection module is further configured to obtain pre-stored information on a plurality of system operating conditions and initial amount of opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the system operating conditions; matching whether the prestored system working condition is the same as the real-time system working condition or not;
if the matching is successful, reading the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition;
and if the matching is unsuccessful, setting the initial amount of the opening time of the drain valve corresponding to the real-time system working condition to be zero.
9. The control device according to claim 8, wherein the drain valve opening time adjustment amount calculation module is further configured to obtain a current output current and a current output power of the fuel cell system under real-time system conditions, input the current output current and the current output power as input amounts into a preset basic opening time calculation model, and obtain the output drain valve opening time under real-time system conditions.
10. The control device according to claim 9, wherein the drain valve opening time calculation module is further configured to measure an absolute value variation of the pressure of the anode of the drain valve in real time while monitoring the pressure data of the anode of the drain valve, and determine a maximum value and a minimum value of the anode pressure;
comparing the maximum value of the anode pressure with a preset upper limit of an expected range of the anode pressure, and comparing the minimum value of the anode pressure with a lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure; if the maximum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the upper limit of a preset expected range of the anode pressure and the minimum value of the anode pressure is larger than the lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure, determining that the variation of the anode pressure is within a preset variation range threshold; if the maximum value of the anode pressure is larger than the upper limit of a preset expected range of the anode pressure, or the minimum value of the anode pressure is smaller than the lower limit of the expected range of the anode pressure, determining that the variation of the anode pressure is not in the threshold of the preset variation range;
if the change quantity of the absolute value of the anode pressure is within a preset change range threshold value, setting the adjustment quantity of the opening time of the drain valve to be zero; and if the anode pressure absolute value variation is not in the preset variation range threshold, acquiring a preset step length corresponding to the anode pressure absolute value variation as the regulating quantity of the opening time of the drain valve.
11. The control device according to claim 10, wherein the drain valve opening time adjustment amount calculation module is further configured to store the real-time system operating condition and the corresponding drain valve opening time adjustment amount as an initial amount of the drain valve opening time according to a preset format when detecting that the drain valve opening time adjustment amount corresponding to the real-time system operating condition is not zero.
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