CN114997591A - River pollutant reduction and river channel section water quality prediction method and device based on water environment mathematical model - Google Patents
River pollutant reduction and river channel section water quality prediction method and device based on water environment mathematical model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing pollutants entering a river and predicting water quality of a river channel section based on a water environment mathematical model, which makes up for the defects of monitoring time and space, and can simulate and predict the water quality concentration change condition of the river channel section under the multi-parameter conditions of different rain types, different induced drainage flow rates of a check gate, different rainfall rain type pollutant output rule characteristics and the like. The method comprises the following steps: s1, constructing a river network water environment mathematical model; s2, determining and predicting pollutants; s3, inputting the water drainage condition of the check gate, the scheduling condition of a gate pump and information of various predicted pollutants discharged by pump stations along the way into a river network water environment mathematical model; s4, determining the influence degree of the pollutants on the river channel section; s5, determining a prediction scheme of influence of pollutants on the water quality of the river cross section; s6, simulating the migration and diffusion conditions of pollutants under different rain types, different check gate drainage and pump station drainage conditions based on the established river network water environment mathematical model, and determining and predicting the influence degree of the pollutants on the water quality of the river channel section. The method has certain practicability and can provide scientific basis for the stable water quality of the river cross section to reach the standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for reducing river-entering pollutants and predicting water quality of a river channel section based on a water environment mathematical model, and belongs to the technical field of regional river water environment treatment.
Background
With the vigorous promotion of treatment work of black and odorous water bodies, black and odorous water bodies in many cities are eliminated in fine days, but black and odorous rivers are accompanied by rain days. The urban water body turns black, smelly and bad in rainy days, which becomes the bottleneck of river water body treatment and water environment quality improvement, and the pollution caused by the outflow of the drainage outlet in rainy days becomes the root cause of the urban water body 'black when raining' or 'standard exceeding when raining'.
The method has the advantages that the drainage port management is enhanced, the quality of a drainage pipe network is improved, the overflow pollution load in rainy days is reduced, and the method is an important measure for achieving the goal of improving the water environment quality and promoting the consolidation and improvement of the water environment quality.
However, field monitoring has certain limitations in time and space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method and a device for reducing river-entering pollutants and predicting water quality of a river channel section based on a water environment mathematical model, which can simulate and predict the change condition of the water quality concentration of the river channel section under the multi-parameter conditions of different rain types, different induced and discharged water flows of a check gate, pollutant output rule characteristics under different rain types and the like, thereby providing a scientific basis for the stable and standard-reaching of the water quality of the river channel section.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a river pollutant reduction and river cross section water quality prediction method based on a water environment mathematical model, which comprises the following steps:
determining a predicted contaminant for the area of interest;
acquiring the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by a pump station on the way in a research area, and inputting the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by the pump station on the way into a river network water environment mathematical model to obtain hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results;
comparing the hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results with key assessment sections of research areas, water functional areas of the research areas or river water quality standard standards, and determining the influence degree of pollutants on the river section;
setting pump station drainage and pump station drainage under different rainfall conditions in a constructed water environment mathematical model, comparing a model operation result with a research area key assessment section, a research area water function area or a river channel water quality standard, and determining a prediction scheme of influence of different rainfall type check gate drainage and pump station drainage on the river channel section water quality;
the method comprises the steps of comprehensively simulating the migration and diffusion conditions of pollutants under different rain types and different check gate drainage and pump station drainage conditions based on the established mathematical model of the river network water environment of the research area, and determining the influence degree of the predicted pollutants of the research area on the water quality of the river channel section, namely the predicted water quality result.
Furthermore, the hydrodynamic force model of the river network water environment mathematical model adopts a holy-vican equation set for describing one-dimensional unsteady flow of the open channel, which comprises a continuity equation and a momentum equation, and additionally considers the flood beach and the side inflow, and the model hydrodynamic force calculation model has the following calculation formula:
in the formula: q is the flow; x is a space coordinate along the water flow direction; b is the regulation width, which refers to the width of the whole river including the beach land; h is water level; t is a time coordinate; q is side inflow flow, the inflow is positive, and the outflow is negative; alpha is a momentum correction coefficient; a is the area of the water passing section of the main tank; g is the acceleration of gravity; c is a metabolic factor; r is a hydraulic radius;
the water quality model of the river network water environment mathematical model adopts a one-dimensional convection diffusion equation, and the model water quality calculation model has the following calculation formula: :
in the formula: x is a space coordinate along the water flow direction; t is a time coordinate; q is the flow; c is the concentration of the substance; a is the area of the water passing section of the main tank; d is the longitudinal diffusion coefficient; k is a linear attenuation coefficient; c2 is the source-sink concentration; q is the side inflow flow;
a large number of structures exist in a river, and the scheduling operation of the structures has a great influence on hydraulic elements, so that the influence of the scheduling of the structures cannot be ignored. The hydraulic structure comprises a gate hole outflow type (such as a discharge gate), an overflow type (such as a rubber dam), a flow type (such as a pump) and the like, a complex scheduling rule can be set for the operation of the hydraulic structure, and the operation of the hydraulic structure can be controlled according to dozens of logical judgment conditions such as water level or flow, water level difference or flow difference, water storage amount, time and the like at a certain position of a river channel. The hydraulic structure is used for calculating the flow between two upstream and downstream water sites (hpoint), and the flow passing through the hydraulic structure is determined by the upstream and downstream water levels and the parameters of the structure (such as the related size of the structure) and can be abbreviated as Q ═ f (h). Since the energy equation Q ═ f (h) of a hydraulic structure is very different, and the expressions relate to different flow states, only one of them will be described here.
In order to maintain consistency and compatibility with the discrete format of the hydrokinetic saint-wien equation set in equation 1 above, Q ═ f (h) at the hydraulic structure is in a discrete form such as a momentum equation form, i.e.:
the above formula is a discrete form of the energy equation of the hydraulic structure, and the momentum equation in the dispersed Hessaendan equation set is replaced;
the flow through the hydraulic structure is in discrete format as follows:
comparing the two formulas, the following results can be obtained:
β j ＝1
in the formula, alpha j 、β j 、γ j 、δ j All are intermediate parameters, Q is flow, h represents the gate opening height, and n is a power number.
Further, the construction method of the river network water environment mathematical model comprises the following steps:
generalizing the internal river channel to form a generalized river network with river channels and nodes;
the natural river network is merged and generalized, the generalized river channel is a horizontal bottom slope and a trapezoidal section, and the generalized section is described by three elements of bottom height, bottom width and side slope;
the water quality boundary condition of the river network water environment mathematical model is set at the river inflow position of the river network model;
the data required for establishing the river network water environment mathematical model comprise: researching regional water system diagrams, river terrain data, hydraulic structure design parameters, dispatching and operating rules, hydrological information data, pump station water discharge and pollutant concentration.
Further, a method of determining a predicted contamination of an area of interest includes:
and determining the influence of the conventional water quality on pollutants according to the water quality requirement of the key river channel monitoring section in the research area and the main standard exceeding factor of the monitoring section under the current situation by combining the surface water environmental quality standard.
Further, the method for inputting the drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by the pump stations along the way into the river network water environment mathematical model comprises the following steps:
inputting the induced drainage flow of the check gate and the pump station into a river network water environment mathematical model as an inner boundary condition, wherein the required data comprises the induced drainage flow and time;
inputting the scheduling condition of the gate pump as a controllable hydraulic structure into a river network water environment mathematical model, wherein the required data comprises the self condition parameters of the controllable hydraulic structure, the number, the height and the time of gate opening holes, and the self condition parameters comprise the height, the width and the opening speed of the gate;
and inputting each predicted pollutant information discharged by the pumping stations along the way into a river network water environment mathematical model in a point source pollution mode, wherein the required data comprise the water discharge amount and the pollutant discharge concentration based on a time sequence.
Further, the method for determining the influence degree of the pollutants on the river channel section by comparing the calculated result with the standard of the important examination section of the research area, the water function area of the research area or the river channel water quality comprises the following steps:
calibrating and verifying river course roughness and pollutant degradation coefficients predicted by a research area in a water dynamic calculation model and a water quality calculation model in a water environment mathematical model;
and comparing the calculated result with a key assessment section of a research area, a water functional area of the research area or a standard for reaching the water quality of a river channel by combining actual hydrological information, a gate pump scheduling condition, the water discharge amount and the water discharge concentration of a pump station and a standard for the environmental quality of surface water, and determining the influence degree of pollutants on the section of the river channel.
Further, the method for determining the prediction scheme of influence of check gate drainage and pump station drainage on the river channel section water quality under different rain types comprises the following steps:
the rainfall is comprehensively considered, the regional gate pump scheduling condition is researched, the gate water guiding and discharging amount is controlled, and the water discharging amount and the pollutant discharging concentration of the pump station along the way are determined based on the time sequence, wherein the rainfall is divided into 6 grades, and the grade is 1 light rain: 24 hours rainfall was less than 10mm, grade 2 medium rain: rainfall is 10-25 mm in 24 hours, and grade 3 heavy rain: rainfall is 25-50 mm in 24 hours, and rainstorm grade 4 is as follows: the 24-hour rainfall is more than 50 mm.
Further, the method for determining the influence degree of the predicted pollutants in the research area on the river channel section water quality comprises the following steps:
inputting check gate drainage data, gate pump opening and closing state data in a research area, river channel hydrological information, pump station drainage and pollutant concentration into a river network water environment mathematical model, and automatically operating and calculating the river network water environment mathematical model to obtain hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results;
and determining the influence degree and time of the pollutants on the river cross section according to the water quality simulation result of the model.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for reducing pollutants entering a river and predicting water quality of a river cross section based on a water environment mathematical model, where the device includes:
a contaminant determination module: a predicted contaminant for determining an area of interest;
a calculation module: the system is used for acquiring the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by a pump station on the way in a research area, inputting the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by the pump station on the way into a river network water environment mathematical model, and calculating to obtain hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results;
a section influence module: the method is used for comparing the calculated result with a key assessment section of a research area, a water functional area of the research area or a standard reaching standard of the water quality of the river channel and determining the influence degree of pollutants on the section of the river channel;
a prediction scheme module: the method is used for setting pump station drainage and pump station drainage under different rainfall conditions in a constructed water environment mathematical model, comparing a model operation result with a research area key assessment section, a research area water function area or a river channel water quality standard, and determining a prediction scheme of influence of different rainfall type check gate drainage and pump station drainage on the river channel section water quality;
an output module: the method is used for comprehensively simulating the migration and diffusion conditions of pollutants under different rain types and different check gate drainage and pump station drainage conditions based on the established mathematical model of the river network water environment of the research area, and determining the influence degree of the predicted pollutants of the research area on the water quality of the river channel section, namely the predicted water quality result.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a device for reducing river-entering pollutants and predicting water quality of a river channel section based on a water environment mathematical model, which comprises a processor and a storage medium;
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform the steps of the method of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a river entering pollutant reduction and river channel section water quality prediction method based on a water environment mathematical model, aiming at simulating and predicting the change condition of river channel section water quality concentration under the multi-parameter conditions of different rain types, different induced drainage flow of a check gate, pollutant output rule characteristics under different rain types and the like, thereby providing scientific basis for the stable and standard-reaching of river channel section water quality. The invention makes up the defects of monitoring time and space, and can simulate and predict the water quality concentration change condition of the river channel section under the multi-parameter conditions of different rain types, different induced and discharged water flows of the check gate, pollutant output rule characteristics under different rainfall rain types and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a position of a hydraulic structure in a computational grid point;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the influence of the diversion amount and the pump station drainage and the reduction of pollutant concentration on the water quality of the section A in light rain;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the influence of the diversion amount and the pump station drainage and the reduction of pollutant concentration on the water quality of the section A in the middle rain;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the influence of the diversion amount and the pump station drainage and the reduction of pollutant concentration on the water quality of the section A in heavy rain;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the influence of the diversion amount, the pump station drainage amount and the pollutant concentration reduction amount on the water quality of the section A during rainstorm;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the influence of the reduction of the pump station drainage concentration on the water quality of the section A when the check gate drains light rain;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the influence of the reduction of the pump station drain concentration on the water quality of the section A in the case of rain in the check gate drain;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the influence of the reduction of the pump station drainage concentration on the water quality of the section A when the check gate drains heavy rain;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the influence of the reduction of the pump station drainage concentration on the water quality of the section A during the storm of the check gate drainage;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of Nanjing water system;
FIG. 11 is a water diversion diagram of the external Qin-Huai river;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a river pollutant reduction and river cross section water quality prediction method based on a water environment mathematical model, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a river network water environment mathematical model, wherein in order to facilitate calculation, an internal river channel must be generalized to form a generalized river network with river channels and nodes. The natural river network is merged and generalized, the generalized river channel is a horizontal bottom slope and a trapezoidal section, and the generalized section is described by three elements of bottom height, bottom width and side slope; the hydrodynamic boundary conditions can be divided into two types, namely flow boundaries and water level boundaries, and the riverways are also divided into two types, namely riverways with flow boundary conditions and riverways with water level boundary conditions; setting a water quality boundary condition at a river inflow position of a river network model, and successfully building the model for calculation in the following steps;
s2, determining a predicted pollutant of a research area by referring to water environment investigation data of a recent research area;
s3, inputting the induced drainage flow rate, the brake pump scheduling condition and information of various predicted pollutants discharged by pump stations along the way into a river network water environment mathematical model, and automatically calculating through the water environment mathematical model constructed in S1 to obtain hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results;
s4, comparing the result obtained by automatic calculation of the water environment mathematical model in the step S3 with the key assessment section of the research area, the water functional area of the research area or the standard of the river channel water quality, and determining the influence degree of the pollutants on the river channel section;
s5, setting pump station drainage and pump station drainage under different rainfall conditions in a constructed water environment mathematical model, comparing a model operation result with a research area key examination section, a research area water functional area or a river channel water quality standard, and determining a prediction scheme of influence of different rainfall type check gate drainage and pump station drainage on river channel section water quality;
s6, comprehensively simulating the migration and diffusion conditions of pollutants under different rain types and different check gate drainage and pump station drainage conditions based on the established mathematical model of the river network water environment of the research area, and determining the influence degree of the pollutants on the river channel section water quality predicted by the research area determined in the step S2;
specifically, the hydrokinetic model calculation in the river network water environment mathematical model established in the step S1 adopts a saint-winan equation set describing one-dimensional unsteady flow of the open channel, including a continuity equation and a momentum equation, and additionally considers the flood beach and the side inflow, and the model hydrokinetic calculation model calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: q is the flow; x is a space coordinate along the water flow direction; b is the regulation width, which refers to the width of all rivers including the beach; h is water level; t is a time coordinate; q is the side inflow flow, the inflow is positive, and the outflow is negative; alpha is a momentum correction coefficient; a is the area of the water passing section of the main tank; g is the acceleration of gravity; c is a metabolic factor; and R is a hydraulic radius.
Specifically, the water model in the river network water environment mathematical model established in the step S1 is calculated by using a one-dimensional convection diffusion equation, and the model water quality calculation model has the following calculation formula: :
in the formula: x is a space coordinate along the water flow direction; t is a time coordinate; q is the flow; c is the concentration of the substance; a is the area of the water passing section of the main tank; d is the longitudinal diffusion coefficient; k is a linear attenuation coefficient; c2 is the source-sink concentration; q is the side inflow flow.
Specifically, the controllable hydraulic structure in the mathematical model of river network water environment established in step S1 is used to calculate the flow between two upstream and downstream water points (hpoint), that is, the hydraulic structure is installed at the flow point of the calculation grid point, and the flow passing through the hydraulic structure is determined by the upstream and downstream water levels and the parameters of the hydraulic structure (such as the relevant size of the hydraulic structure). Namely, the flow rate of hydraulic structures such as gates and pumps in the river network model is determined by the water levels at the upstream and downstream.
A large number of structures exist in a river, and the scheduling operation of the structures has a great influence on hydraulic elements, so that the influence of the scheduling of the structures cannot be ignored. The hydraulic structure comprises a gate hole outflow type (such as a discharge gate), an overflow type (such as a rubber dam), a flow type (such as a pump) and the like, a complex scheduling rule can be set for the operation of the hydraulic structure, and the operation of the hydraulic structure can be controlled according to dozens of logical judgment conditions such as water level or flow, water level difference or flow difference, water storage amount, time and the like at a certain position of a river channel. The hydraulic structure is used for calculating the flow between two upstream and downstream water sites (hpoint), and the flow passing through the hydraulic structure is determined by the upstream and downstream water levels and the parameters of the structure (such as the related size of the structure) and can be abbreviated as Q ═ f (h). Since the energy equation Q ═ f (h) of a hydraulic structure is very different, and the expressions relate to different flow states, only one of them will be described here.
To maintain consistency and compatibility of the discrete format of the saint wien equation set, Q ═ f (h) at the hydraulic structure in a discrete form such as the momentum equation form, i.e.:
the above equation is a discrete form of the hydraulic structure energy equation, and will replace the momentum equation in the discrete posterior saint-vican equation set. In addition, the flow through the hydraulic structure is in a discrete format as follows:
comparing the two formulas, the following results can be obtained:
β j ＝1
specifically, the data required by the mathematical model of river network water environment established in step S1 includes: researching regional water system diagrams, river terrain data, hydraulic structure design parameters, dispatching and operating rules, hydrological information data, pump station drainage and pollutant concentration.
Specifically, the determination step of predicting the pollutants in the step S2 is as follows: according to the water quality requirement of the important river channel monitoring section in the research area and the main overproof factors of the monitoring section under the current situation, the conventional water quality influence pollutants are determined by combining the surface water environmental quality standard (GB 3838-2002).
Specifically, the induced drainage flow of the damper and the pump station in the step S3 is input into the model as an inner boundary condition, and the required data includes the induced drainage flow and time; the gate pump scheduling condition is used as a controllable hydraulic structure and input into the river network model, the required data comprise the condition parameters of the controllable hydraulic structure, such as gate height, width, opening speed and the like, and the required data also comprise the gate opening hole number, height and time; along-the-road pumping station drainage is input into the model in the form of point source pollution, and required data comprises the drainage quantity and pollutant discharge concentration based on time series.
Specifically, before the step S4, parameters such as river roughness, pollutant degradation coefficient predicted in a research area, and the like in a hydrodynamic force calculation model and a water quality calculation model in a water environment mathematical model need to be calibrated and verified; the influence degree of the pollutants on the river channel section determined in the step S4 is determined by combining actual hydrologic information, gate pump scheduling conditions, pump station water discharge amount and water discharge concentration, and the surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838 and 2002).
Specifically, the prediction scheme for determining the influence of the pollutants on the water quality of the river cross section in the step S5 needs to be determined by comprehensively considering the rainfall, the scheduling condition of a gate pump in a research area, the water drainage amount of a check gate, the water drainage amount of a pump station along the way based on a time sequence, the pollutant discharge concentration and other factors, wherein the rainfall is divided into 6 grades, and the grade is 1 light rain: 24 hours rainfall was less than 10mm, grade 2 medium rain: rainfall is 10-25 mm in 24 hours, and grade 3 heavy rain: rainfall is 25-50 mm in 24 hours, and rainstorm grade 4 is as follows: the 24-hour rainfall is more than 50 mm.
Specifically, the method for determining and predicting the influence degree of the pollutants on the river course section water quality in the step S6 includes: the method comprises the steps of inputting drain data, gate pump opening and closing state data in a research area, river channel hydrological information, pump station drainage and pollutant concentration into a model, automatically operating the model according to the formula 1-formula 5 to calculate hydrodynamic force (water level and flow) and water quality (pollutant concentration is predicted in the research area), and determining the influence degree and time of pollutants on a river channel section according to the water quality simulation result of the model. The model can automatically run, process and calculate, and can see the time required by the water quality reaching the standard concentration of the water quality.
Specifically, taking a certain section A of the Qinhuaihe river as an example, the specific implementation steps of the invention are explained as follows:
s1, constructing a river network water environment mathematical model;
the water distribution of Nanjing is shown in figure 1. The water system of the Qinhuai river has two sources of south and north, and is divided into a Qinhuai new river and an outer Qinhuai river at the east bridge of the mountain, which are respectively injected into the Yangtze river. The water blending mode of the external Qinhuaihe river is as follows: the method adopts two modes of 'six-brake linkage' and 'time-sharing water regulation'. The six-gate linkage is characterized in that a centralized control system is formed by utilizing a natural bridge gate, a Wudingmen gate, a Qinhuai new river junction, a lotus gate, a south river gate and a three-branch river mouth gate which are built in a Qinhuai river basin, unified scheduling is carried out on the six gates according to the height of the water level (high tide level) of the lower gate of the Yangtze river, and water is supplemented in various water-adjusting modes to realize water adjustment to the Qinhuai river outwards. The time-sharing water diversion mainly means that rainwater flood resources and water level difference of a stone mortar lake and a river basin of Qinhuai river are utilized to automatically divert water in the flood season, and water is diverted by utilizing a hinge pump station of a Qinhuai new river in the non-flood season as shown in an attached figure 2. Through the measures, the water quality of the Qinhuai river and the main urban area is improved.
The hydrokinetic model in the river network water environment mathematical model is calculated by adopting a Saint-Venen equation set for describing one-dimensional unsteady flow of the open channel, which comprises a continuity equation and a momentum equation, and additionally considers the flood beach and the side inflow:
in the formula: q is the flow; x is a space coordinate along the water flow direction; b is the regulation width, which refers to the width of all rivers including the beach; h is the water level; t is a time coordinate; q is the side inflow flow, the inflow is positive, and the outflow is negative; alpha is a momentum correction coefficient; a is the area of the water passing section of the main tank; g is the acceleration of gravity; c is a metabolic factor; and R is the hydraulic radius.
The water quality model in the river network water environment mathematical model is calculated by adopting a one-dimensional convection diffusion equation:
in the formula: x is a space coordinate along the water flow direction; t is a time coordinate; q is the flow; c is the concentration of the substance; a is the area of the water passing section of the main tank; d is the longitudinal diffusion coefficient; k is a linear attenuation coefficient; c2 is the source-sink concentration; q is the side inflow flow.
The numerical solution of the convection diffusion equation is similar to that of a hydrodynamic equation set, a six-point implicit difference format is adopted for solving, and finally, a Thomas pursuit method is adopted for solving.
The controllable hydraulic structure in the river network water environment mathematical model is used for calculating the flow between two upstream and downstream water sites (hpoint), and the flow is shown in the following figure 1.
To maintain consistency and compatibility of the discrete format of the saint wien equation set, Q ═ f (h) at the hydraulic structure in a discrete form such as the momentum equation form, i.e.:
the above equation is a discrete form of the hydraulic structure energy equation, and will replace the momentum equation in the discrete posterior saint-vican equation set. In addition, the flow through the hydraulic structure is in a discrete format as follows:
comparing the two formulas, the following results can be obtained:
β j ＝1
s2, determining and predicting pollutants;
as the water quality of the A section of the Qinhuai river is required to stably reach the III-class water standard, and the condition that the ammonia nitrogen exceeds the III-class water standard in recent years is better in rainy days, the conventional water quality influence pollutant is determined to be ammonia nitrogen by combining the surface water environmental quality standard (GB 3838-2002).
S3, inputting the drainage flow, the brake pump scheduling condition and information of various predicted pollutants discharged by pump stations along the way into a river network water environment mathematical model;
regulating the water flow rate of the brake and the pump station as an inner boundary condition and inputting the inner boundary condition into the model, wherein the required data comprises the water flow rate and the time of the brake/pump drainage; the gate pump scheduling condition is used as a controllable hydraulic structure and input into the river network model, the required data comprise the condition parameters of the controllable hydraulic structure, such as gate height, width, opening speed and the like, and the required data also comprise the gate opening hole number, height and time; along-the-road pumping station drainage is input into the model in the form of point source pollution, and required data comprises the drainage quantity and pollutant discharge concentration based on time series.
TABLE 1 check brake and pump station induced-discharge water flow
TABLE 2 displacement and concentration of pumping stations along the way
S4, determining the influence degree of the pollutants on the river channel section;
before the step of S4, parameters of the hydrodynamic force calculation model and the water quality calculation model are calibrated and verified; meanwhile, the influence degree of the pollutants on the river section determined in the step S4 is determined by combining actual hydrological information, the scheduling condition of the gate pump, the drainage quantity and the drainage concentration of a pump station and the quality standard of the surface water environment (GB 3838-2002).
Water quality of cross section A from 1 day to 7 days in month 39 in Table
S5, determining a prediction scheme of influence of drainage flow induced by the check gate and drainage of a pump station on the water quality of the river channel section under different rain types;
the method is characterized in that the method determines a prediction scheme of influence of pollutants on the water quality of the river cross section by comprehensively considering the rainfall, the scheduling condition of gate pumps in a research area, the water drainage amount of a check gate, the water drainage amount of a pumping station on the way based on a time sequence, the pollutant discharge concentration and other factors.
In which the rainfall is divided into 6 levels, level 1: 24 hours rainfall was less than 10mm, grade 2: rainfall is 10-25 mm in 24 hours, and the grade is 3: rainfall is 25-50 mm in 24 hours, and the grade is 4: the 24-hour rainfall is more than 50 mm.
Design hydrological conditions for 90% guarantee rate and drainage and pollutant emission concentration of different pump stations under different rain types with 90% guarantee rate are as follows:
TABLE 4 average water discharge of different rain-type lower pump station 1, pump station 2 and pump station 3
TABLE 5 pollutant emission concentrations of different rain types in pump station 1, pump station 2 and pump station 3
The prediction scheme is shown in the following table:
TABLE 6 JOINT-CUSTOMIZED SCHEME FOR CONTROLLING BRAKE WATER DRAWING
TABLE 7 summary table of regulation and control schemes during water drainage of check gate
S6, simulating the migration and diffusion conditions of pollutants under different rain types and different check gate drainage and pump station drainage conditions based on the established river network water environment mathematical model, and determining and predicting the influence degree of the pollutants on the water quality of the river channel section.
The water quality simulation result of the section A of the check gate under different water diversion amounts is as follows:
FIG. 1 is a position of a hydraulic structure in a computational grid point;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the influence of the diversion amount and the pump station drainage and the reduction of pollutant concentration on the water quality of the section A in light rain;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the influence of the diversion amount and the pump station drainage and the reduction of pollutant concentration on the water quality of the section A in the middle rain;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the influence of the diversion amount and the pump station drainage and the reduction of pollutant concentration on the water quality of the section A in heavy rain;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the influence of the diversion amount, the pump station drainage amount and the pollutant concentration reduction amount on the water quality of the section A during rainstorm;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the influence of the reduction of the pump station drainage concentration on the water quality of the section A when the check gate drains light rain;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the influence of the reduction of the pump station drain concentration on the water quality of the section A in the case of rain in the check gate drain;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the influence of the reduction of the pump station drainage concentration on the water quality of the section A when the check gate drains heavy rain;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the influence of the reduction of the pump station drain concentration on the water quality of the section A during the storm water drainage of the check gate.
The second embodiment:
the embodiment of the invention provides a device for reducing pollutants entering a river and predicting water quality of a river channel section based on a water environment mathematical model, which comprises:
a contaminant determination module: a predicted contaminant for determining an area of interest;
a calculation module: the system is used for acquiring the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by a pump station on the way in a research area, inputting the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by the pump station on the way into a river network water environment mathematical model, and calculating to obtain hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results;
a section influence module: the method is used for comparing the calculated result with a key assessment section of a research area, a water functional area of the research area or a standard reaching standard of the water quality of the river channel and determining the influence degree of pollutants on the section of the river channel;
a prediction scheme module: the method is used for setting pump station drainage and pump station drainage under different rainfall conditions in a constructed water environment mathematical model, comparing a model operation result with a research area key examination section, a research area water function area or a river channel water quality standard, and determining a prediction scheme of influence of different rainfall type check gate drainage and pump station drainage on the river channel section water quality;
an output module: the method is used for comprehensively simulating the migration and diffusion conditions of pollutants under different rain types and different check gate drainage and pump station drainage conditions based on the established mathematical model of the river network water environment of the research area, and determining the influence degree of the predicted pollutants of the research area on the water quality of the river channel section, namely the predicted water quality result.
The apparatus of the present embodiment can be used to implement the method described in the first embodiment.
Example three:
the embodiment provides a river pollutant reduction and river cross section water quality prediction device based on a water environment mathematical model, which comprises a processor and a storage medium;
the storage medium is to store instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform the steps of the method of embodiment one.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A river pollutant reduction and river cross section water quality prediction method based on a water environment mathematical model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a predicted contaminant for the area of interest;
acquiring the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by a pump station on the way in a research area, and inputting the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by the pump station on the way into a river network water environment mathematical model to obtain hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results;
comparing the hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results with key assessment sections of research areas, water functional areas of the research areas or river water quality standard standards, and determining the influence degree of pollutants on the river section;
setting pump station drainage and pump station drainage under different rainfall conditions in a constructed water environment mathematical model, comparing a model operation result with a research area key assessment section, a research area water function area or a river channel water quality standard, and determining a prediction scheme of influence of different rainfall type check gate drainage and pump station drainage on the river channel section water quality;
the method comprises the steps of comprehensively simulating the migration and diffusion conditions of pollutants under different rain types and different check gate drainage and pump station drainage conditions based on the established mathematical model of the river network water environment of the research area, and determining the influence degree of the predicted pollutants of the research area on the water quality of the river channel section, namely the predicted water quality result.
2. The method for river pollutant reduction and river course section water quality prediction based on the water environment mathematical model according to claim 1, wherein the hydrodynamic model calculation of the river network water environment mathematical model adopts a holy-vican equation system for describing one-dimensional unsteady flow of the open channel, which comprises a continuity equation and a momentum equation, and additionally considers the flood and the side inflow, and the model hydrodynamic calculation model calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: q is the flow; x is a space coordinate along the water flow direction; b is the regulation width, which refers to the width of all rivers including the beach; h is water level; t is a time coordinate; q is the side inflow flow, the inflow is positive, and the outflow is negative; alpha is a momentum correction coefficient; a is the area of the water passing section of the main tank; g is the acceleration of gravity; c is the competence coefficient; r is the hydraulic radius;
the water quality model of the river network water environment mathematical model adopts a one-dimensional convection diffusion equation, and the model water quality calculation model has the following calculation formula: :
in the formula: x is a space coordinate along the water flow direction; t is a time coordinate; q is the flow; c is the concentration of the substance; a is the area of the water passing section of the main tank; d is the longitudinal diffusion coefficient; k is a linear attenuation coefficient; c2 is source-sink concentration; q is the side inflow flow;
the discrete form of Q ═ f (h) at the hydraulic structure of the river network water environment mathematical model is the momentum equation form, namely:
the above formula is a discrete form of the energy equation of the hydraulic structure, and the momentum equation in the dispersed Hessaendan equation set is replaced;
the flow through the hydraulic structure is in discrete format as follows:
comparing the two formulas, the following results can be obtained:
β j ＝1
in the formula, alpha j 、β j 、γ j 、δ j All are intermediate parameters, Q is flow, h represents the opening height of the gate, and n is a power number.
3. The method for reducing pollutants entering a river and predicting the water quality of the river channel section based on the water environment mathematical model according to claim 2, wherein the method for constructing the river network water environment mathematical model comprises the following steps:
generalizing the internal river channel to form a generalized river network with river channels and nodes;
the natural river network is combined and generalized, the generalized river channel is a horizontal bottom slope and a trapezoidal section, and the generalized section is described by three elements of bottom height, bottom width and side slope;
the water quality boundary condition of the river network water environment mathematical model is set at the river inflow position of the river network model;
the data required for establishing the river network water environment mathematical model comprise: researching regional water system diagrams, river terrain data, hydraulic structure design parameters, dispatching and operating rules, hydrological information data, pump station drainage and pollutant concentration.
4. The method for river pollutant reduction and river course section water quality prediction based on the water environment mathematical model as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for determining the predicted pollutants in the research area comprises:
and determining the conventional water quality influence pollutants according to the water quality requirements of the key river channel monitoring sections in the research area and main overproof factors of the monitoring sections under the current situation by combining the surface water environmental quality standard.
5. The method for river pollutant reduction and river course section water quality prediction based on the water environment mathematical model according to claim 1, wherein the method for inputting the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each prediction pollutant information discharged by the pump stations along the way into the river network water environment mathematical model comprises the following steps:
inputting the induced drainage flow of the check gate and the pump station into a river network water environment mathematical model as an inner boundary condition, wherein the required data comprises the induced drainage flow and time;
inputting the scheduling condition of the gate pump into a river network water environment mathematical model as a controllable hydraulic structure, wherein the required data comprises the self condition parameters of the controllable hydraulic structure, the gate opening hole number, the gate opening height and the gate opening time, and the self condition parameters comprise the gate height, the gate width and the gate opening speed;
and inputting each predicted pollutant information discharged by the pumping stations along the way into a river network water environment mathematical model in a point source pollution mode, wherein the required data comprise the water discharge amount and the pollutant discharge concentration based on a time sequence.
6. The method for river pollutant reduction and river course section water quality prediction based on the water environment mathematical model according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the degree of influence of pollutants on the river course section by comparing the calculated result with the standard of the important assessment section of the research area, the water functional area of the research area or the river course water quality standard comprises the following steps:
calibrating and verifying river course roughness and pollutant degradation coefficients predicted by a research area in a water dynamic calculation model and a water quality calculation model in a water environment mathematical model;
and comparing the calculated result with a key assessment section of a research area, a water functional area of the research area or a standard for reaching the water quality of a river channel by combining actual hydrological information, a gate pump scheduling condition, the water discharge amount and the water discharge concentration of a pump station and a standard for the environmental quality of surface water, and determining the influence degree of pollutants on the section of the river channel.
7. The method for river pollutant reduction and river channel section water quality prediction based on the water environment mathematical model according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the prediction scheme of the influence of check gate drainage and pump station drainage on the river channel section water quality under different rain types comprises the following steps:
the rainfall is comprehensively considered, the regional gate pump scheduling condition is researched, the gate water guiding and discharging amount is controlled, and the water discharging amount and the pollutant discharging concentration of the pump station along the way are determined based on the time sequence, wherein the rainfall is divided into 6 grades, and the grade is 1 light rain: 24 hours rainfall was less than 10mm, grade 2 medium rain: rainfall is 10-25 mm in 24 hours, and grade 3 heavy rain: rainfall is 25-50 mm in 24 hours, and rainstorm grade 4 is as follows: the 24-hour rainfall is more than 50 mm.
8. The method for river pollutant reduction and river cross-section water quality prediction based on the water environment mathematical model according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the influence degree of the predicted pollutants in the research area on the river cross-section water quality comprises the following steps:
inputting check gate drainage data, gate pump opening and closing state data in a research area, river channel hydrological information, pump station drainage and pollutant concentration into a river network water environment mathematical model, and automatically operating and calculating the river network water environment mathematical model to obtain hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results;
and determining the influence degree and time of the pollutants on the river channel section according to the water quality simulation result of the model.
9. The utility model provides a water environment mathematical model based income river pollutant cuts down and river course section water quality prediction device which characterized in that, the device includes:
a contaminant determination module: a predicted contaminant for determining an area of interest;
a calculation module: the system is used for acquiring the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by a pump station on the way in a research area, inputting the induced drainage flow, the gate pump scheduling condition and each predicted pollutant information discharged by the pump station on the way into a river network water environment mathematical model, and calculating to obtain hydrodynamic force and water quality simulation results;
a section influence module: the method is used for comparing the calculated result with a key assessment section of a research area, a water functional area of the research area or a standard reaching standard of the water quality of the river channel and determining the influence degree of pollutants on the section of the river channel;
a prediction scheme module: the method is used for setting pump station drainage and pump station drainage under different rainfall conditions in a constructed water environment mathematical model, comparing a model operation result with a research area key examination section, a research area water function area or a river channel water quality standard, and determining a prediction scheme of influence of different rainfall type check gate drainage and pump station drainage on the river channel section water quality;
an output module: the method is used for comprehensively simulating the migration and diffusion conditions of pollutants under different rain types and different check gate drainage and pump station drainage conditions based on the established mathematical model of the river network water environment of the research area, and determining the influence degree of the predicted pollutants of the research area on the water quality of the river channel section, namely the predicted water quality result.
10. A water environment mathematical model-based device for reducing pollutants entering a river and predicting water quality of a river channel section is characterized by comprising a processor and a storage medium;
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform the steps of the method of any of claims 1-8.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117077445A (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2023-11-17 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Method for determining surface water environment treatment limit and threshold of historical legacy mining area |
| CN117077445B (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-05-07 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Method for determining surface water environment treatment limit and threshold of historical legacy mining area |
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