CN114992694A - Water or ice storage tank - Google Patents

Water or ice storage tank Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114992694A
CN114992694A CN202210539912.0A CN202210539912A CN114992694A CN 114992694 A CN114992694 A CN 114992694A CN 202210539912 A CN202210539912 A CN 202210539912A CN 114992694 A CN114992694 A CN 114992694A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat
water
connector
heat exchanger
storage tank
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Pending
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CN202210539912.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
叶卫东
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN202210539912.0A priority Critical patent/CN114992694A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00Details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12Heat pump
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14Solar energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/10Heat storage materials, e.g. phase change materials or static water enclosed in a space
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14Thermal energy storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a water or ice storage tank, which comprises a refrigerator, a heat collector, a gasket clamp belt, a connecting rod, a first connector and a second connector, wherein a heat exchanger fin is arranged in the refrigerator, the heat exchanger fin comprises a heat exchange pad, the heat exchange pad is composed of a capillary tube, the capillary tube is fixed through the gasket clamp belt, the gasket clamp belt is connected with the connecting rod, the gasket clamp belt is provided with the second connector, and the first connector is inserted into the second connector; the heat exchanger fins are formed of a film, and are connected to each other in a tight coupling manner by means of a joint, a fabric or a mesh; the invention has the beneficial effects that: based on the water ice potential, the heat pump is used for balancing heat supply of the heat pump, and heat taking and heat supply are carried out through the heat exchanger, so that the heat transfer passive operation with large area, small volume and optimized heat transfer is realized; water or ice storage tanks are used in conjunction with heat pumps for heating free standing homes and apartment blocks.

Description

Water or ice storage tank
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of storage tanks, and particularly relates to a water or ice storage tank.
Background
The water or ice storage tank is used as a low-temperature heat energy storage tank to run together with the heat pump so as to provide hot water or heating energy; due to the phase change, a very high specific heat capacity can be achieved; this means that the heat supply of the heat pump can be balanced, and no heat supply or insufficient heat supply, such as an air heat pump or a heat pump supplied by solar energy, can be compensated, especially at night; this is a correspondingly circulating water ice system.
For large area, small volume and optimized heat transfer passive operation based on water ice submergence, we propose water or ice storage tanks for this purpose.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water or ice storage tank, which realizes large-area small-volume optimized heat transfer passive operation based on water ice submergence.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: water or ice storage tank comprising a container, a heat collector, a gasket clip, a connecting rod, a first connector, a second connector, the container being a pressureless, usually insulating, water-filled tank, made of plastic, inexpensive, resilient, non-corrosive, light-weight, in the interior of which container there are placed heat exchanger fins through which water flows horizontally in vertical direction, the heat exchanger fins being arranged in parallel or at an increasing upward spacing, and in addition, also horizontally, thin-walled heat exchanger fins being used as heat exchangers, which plastic is particularly suitable for this purpose as long as the wall thickness is small, the inexpensive, resilient and non-corrosive, the resistance to pressure being achieved by the small wall thickness in the case of tightly engaging fins, the plastic tubes having a diameter of 3-5 mm and a wall thickness of less than 1 mm being connected in parallel and next to one another from an economic point of view, the heat exchanger fin is particularly suitable for building a heat exchanger fin, the pipeline structure can be used as a capillary tube developed for surface heating, the cost is relatively low, the heat exchanger fin comprises a heat exchange pad, the heat exchange pad is composed of a capillary tube, the capillary tube is fixed through a gasket clamping band, the gasket clamping band is connected with a connecting rod, a second connector is arranged on the gasket clamping band, and the first connector is inserted into the second connector.
In order to achieve acceptable pressure losses over narrow flow cross sections, it is generally necessary to connect several heat exchanger fins in parallel, and by arranging the heat exchanger fins two different combinable effects can be achieved to achieve good heat transfer, in particular in the liquid state:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: arranging to form a free convection vertical channel for the melted water; for this purpose, the heat exchanger fins are arranged vertically, run horizontally and are wound in a spiral, since this is relatively easy to achieve in terms of production technology; thus, when the ice is thawed, a uniform vertical water channel is rapidly formed around the tube over the entire height and circumference of the spiral winding, wherein vertical convection coils can be formed, improving the heat transfer, however, due to water anomalies only small density differences occur within this temperature range, if small temperature differences are sufficient for the heat exchange, the density does not increase first and then decrease with increasing temperature, which leads to an obstructive up-and down-flow tendency, where the water sinks at temperatures below 4 ℃ at the heat exchanger surface, rising again on the ice surface, and when capillary fins are used the vertical distance (V) over the heat exchange pads should be smaller than the horizontal distance (H) between the pads to ensure the same effect, in the case of a spiral, H being the distance between the individual spiral turns, since according to the invention the water/ice bank also operates effectively in the liquid state, this vertical arrangement of the heat exchanger fins also provides a significant improvement in heat transfer therein; as the water freezes, a vertical layer of ice forms along the heat exchanger fins, and as the volume expands, the water that has not frozen can flow upward through the remaining channels, importantly, the heat extraction is uniform from top to bottom, and the distance between the fins is very constant or increases toward the top;
II, secondly: the buoyancy of the ice is arranged and utilized to reduce the water gap between the ice and the heat exchanger as much as possible; for capillary fins this can be achieved by the horizontal distance of the tube between the coils being smaller than the vertical distance, so that during thawing a continuous layer of water is rapidly formed on the horizontal fins, and if a conical and smooth container shape is used at the same time, where the ice separates, ice plates are formed between the heat exchange pads or the tubular spiral, which can float up and thus always come into direct contact with the heat exchange pads or the tubular spiral, minimizing the heat conduction path through the accumulated water and maximizing the heat conduction.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger fins are formed of a film and are connected to each other in a tight-coupling manner by a joint, a fabric or a mesh.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, at least one heat exchange pad is spiral, and the flow channels of the heat exchange pad alternately pass through in opposite directions in the vertical direction.
As a preferred solution of the invention, at least four heat exchanger mats are arranged in a spiral, at least eight collectors of the heat exchanger mats being connected to each other in each case by at least four straight connecting lines.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange pads are arranged in parallel in a serpentine shape in the container.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the container widens conically towards the top, the upper region of the container being provided with an extension for receiving the expansion water, the conical shape ensuring that the container can be frozen through from the inside to the outside, from the bottom to the top, without the possibility of compromising the water inclusion of the container, the upper part of the container acting as an expansion volume.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. based on the water ice potential, the heat pump is used for balancing heat supply of the heat pump, and heat taking and heat supply are carried out through the heat exchanger, so that large-area small-volume optimized heat transfer passive operation is realized;
2. water or ice storage tanks are used in conjunction with heat pumps for heating in free standing homes and apartment blocks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the structure identified at V, H in the fin of the heat exchanger of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gasket clip and heat exchanger fin attachment configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a shim clip and connecting rod configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a gasket clip, a first connector and a second connector of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the heat collector of the present invention disposed on a fin of a heat exchanger;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the container and the heat pump of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a container; 2. a heat exchanger fin; 6. a heat collector; 7. clamping the gasket; 8. a connecting rod; 9. a first connector; 10. a second connector; 11a, a low temperature heat source; 12. a heat pump; 13. a first switching valve; 14. and a second switching valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a water or ice storage tank, which can be operated in particular as a low-temperature thermal energy storage tank together with a heat pump 12 for providing hot water or heating energy, can achieve a very high specific heat capacity due to phase changes, meaning that the heat supply of the heat pump 12 can be balanced, without heat supply or insufficient heat supply, such as an air heat pump 12 or a heat pump 12 supplied by solar energy, which can be compensated, in particular at night, for a correspondingly circulating water-ice system, comprises a container 1, a heat collector 6, a gasket clip 7, a connecting rod 8, a first connector 9, a second connector 10, heat exchanger fins 2 placed inside the container 1, the container 1 being a pressureless, insulating, water-filled container 1 made of plastic, having the characteristics of cheapness, elasticity, non-corrosiveness, light weight, water flowing horizontally in the vertical direction through the heat exchanger fins 2, the heat exchanger fins 2 being arranged in parallel or at an upwardly increasing distance, in addition, it is also possible to arrange horizontally, thin-walled heat exchanger fins 2 being used as heat exchangers, plastic being particularly suitable for this purpose as long as the wall thickness is small, inexpensive, resilient and corrosion-free, in the case of closely engaging wings, the compressive strength is achieved by small wall thicknesses, from an economic point of view, with plastic pipes of 3-5 mm diameter and less than 1 mm wall thickness connected in parallel and next to each other, particularly suitable for the construction of heat exchanger fins 2, which can be developed as capillary tubes for surface heating, at relatively low cost, in order to achieve an acceptable pressure loss over a narrow flow cross-section, it is usually necessary to connect several heat exchanger fins 2 in parallel, by arranging the heat exchanger fins 2, two different combinable effects can be achieved to achieve good heat transfer, in particular in the liquid state:
firstly, the following steps: arranging to form a free convection vertical channel for the melted water; for this purpose, the heat exchanger fins 2 are arranged vertically, run horizontally and are wound in a spiral, since this is relatively easy to achieve in terms of production technology; thus, when the ice is thawed, a uniform vertical water channel is rapidly formed around the tube over the entire height and circumference of the spiral winding, wherein vertical convection coils can be formed, improving the heat transfer, however, due to water anomalies only small density differences occur in this temperature range, and if small temperature differences are sufficient for the heat exchange, the density does not increase first and then decrease with increasing temperature, which leads to an obstructive upward and downward flow tendency, where the water sinks at a temperature below 4 ℃ at the heat exchanger surface, rising again on the ice surface, and when using capillary fins the vertical distance (V) over the heat exchanger pads should be smaller than the horizontal distance (H) between the pads to ensure the same effect, H being the distance between the individual turns of the spiral, since according to the invention the water/ice bank also operates effectively in the liquid state, this vertical arrangement of the heat exchanger fins 2 also brings about a significant improvement in the heat transfer there; as the water freezes, a vertical layer of ice forms along the heat exchanger fins 2, and as the volume expands, the water that has not frozen can flow upwards through the remaining channels, it is important that the heat extraction is uniform from top to bottom and that the distance between the fins is very constant or increases towards the top;
II, secondly: the buoyancy of the ice is arranged and utilized to reduce the water gap between the ice and the heat exchanger as much as possible; for capillary fins this can be achieved by the horizontal distance of the tube between the coils being smaller than the vertical distance, so that, during thawing, a continuous layer of water is rapidly formed on these horizontal fins, and if a conical and smooth shape of the container 1 is used at the same time, allowing the ice to separate there, ice plates are formed between the heat exchange pads or the tubular spirals, which can float up and thus always come into direct contact with the heat exchange pads or the tubular spirals, minimizing the heat conduction path through the accumulated water, maximizing the heat conduction;
the heat exchanger fins 2 are rolled into a spiral shape, widening upwards, which achieves several advantages: the roller can form vertical convection, namely, the heat transfer effect is improved; meanwhile, the conical ice layer can float and is always in close contact with the heat exchanger cushion; the upward expansion of the flow channel increases the safety of preventing ice from being entrained, and water can freely expand upwards in the freezing process; various arrangements of fins in the form of a spiral are possible, the course of the flow channels-or in the case of capillary mats-of the tubes being preferably selected in such a way that the entire stored content is thawed or frozen uniformly, so that the temperature difference is minimal during loading or unloading and the entire heat exchanger participates in the energy conversion;
4 parallel wound heat exchanger mats flow in opposite directions here, 4 collectors 6 can be connected to each other in a row, improving the structure, the positioning of the collectors 6 and the stability of the overall arrangement; channels or tubes in the mat, flowing in opposite directions, i.e. both collectors 6 are on the same side, describe a circulation back to the collector 6 at the end of the mat in the plane of the mat; the 4 mats were connected to a common central collector and then ended with 4 individual collectors close to the center; the channel or tube of the mat has a tight bend after half the length of the tube, so that the two collectors are also located centrally therein; ensuring a uniform tube spacing within the cushions (vertical) and between the coils (horizontal) is important for good function of the ice bank; at the same time, the heat exchange coil should be simple and inexpensive to manufacture;
the band, which is clamped at intervals to the tubes of the mat, is a common practice for capillary mats, and according to the invention the shape of the shim band 7 is such that: when the mats are rolled up in a spiral, they also act as spacers, for which purpose it is important that, on the one hand, the shim clips 7 are applied at the correct distance determined by the spiral winding, so that, when wound up, they are only on top of each other; in order to achieve a precise alignment of the spirals, the shim clips 7 can be connected to one another, for example by means of connecting rods 8, or a first connector 9, a second connector 10; if the mat is not wound with the top part slightly longer than the bottom part, the mat can be wound with the winding gap of the top part slightly larger than that of the bottom part, and a uniformly distributed gap can be formed at the top part through the connecting rod 8 or the conical spacer strap 7; instead of a spiral arrangement of the heat exchanger mat, a serpentine arrangement may also be used;
in addition to capillary tube mats, other heat exchanger mats, such as foils interconnected by a mesh or fabric, may also be used according to the invention as heat exchanger mats for implementing a heat exchanger.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the heat exchanger fins 2 are formed of a film, and are connected to each other in a tight coupling manner by a joint, a fabric, or a net.
In this embodiment, preferably, at least one of the heat exchanging pads is spiral, and the flow channels of the heat exchanging pads alternately run in opposite directions in the vertical direction.
In this embodiment, preferably, at least four heat exchanger mats are arranged in a spiral, the at least eight heat collectors 6 of which are connected to one another in each case by at least four straight connecting lines.
In this embodiment, the heat exchange mats are preferably arranged in parallel in a serpentine shape in the container 1.
In this embodiment, the container 1 preferably widens conically towards the top.
In this embodiment, the upper region of the container 1 is preferably provided with an extension for receiving the expansion water, the conical shape ensuring that the container 1 can be frozen through from the inside to the outside, from the bottom to the top, without the possibility of compromising the water inclusions of the container 1.
The present invention may be combined with a small circulation device (such as a small pump or bladder) to increase the flow through the channel to further improve heat transfer, but its function is not dependent thereon.
Instead of water or ice, the invention can also be applied with other media with phase-change properties as a latent reservoir.
The object of the present invention is a latent, in particular water ice-based latent, in particular for balancing the heating of a heat pump 12, wherein both the heat extraction and the heating are carried out by means of heat exchangers, and a large-area, small-volume and optimized heat-transfer passive mode of operation is to be achieved; the latent existence, especially on the basis of water ice, especially for balancing the heating of the heat pump 12, consists of a container 1 and a heat exchanger through which salt water flows, wherein the heat exchanger can be used for heating and heat recovery.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: as shown in fig. 7, a water or ice storage tank may be connected to the heat pump 12, and heated brine flows from the low temperature heat source 11a, through the water or ice storage tank, and then into the evaporator of the heat pump 12; the surplus heat is stored in a water or ice storage tank, and the missing heat can be absorbed; compared to a pure ice storage tank, the storage tank can be operated over the entire operating range of the heat pump 12, for example from-20 ℃ to +25 ℃, if the low temperature heat source 11a is at a lower temperature than the ice storage tank, the first switching valve 13 can be used to bypass the low temperature heat source, if the heat pump 12 is not operating, but heat can be loaded into the storage tank, the second switching valve 14 can be used to bypass the heat pump 12, and the heat pump 12 provides heat at a higher temperature when operating.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. Water or ice storage tank, its characterized in that: including container (1), heat collector (6), gasket smuggle (7), connecting rod (8), first connector (9), second connector (10), heat exchanger fin (2) have been placed to the inside of container (1), and heat exchanger fin (2) are including heat exchange pad, and heat exchange pad comprises the capillary, it is fixed that the capillary passes through gasket smuggle (7), the gasket is smugglied secretly (7) and is connected with connecting rod (8), be provided with second connector (10) on gasket smugglied (7), first connector (9) are inserted in second connector (10).
2. A water or ice storage tank as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the heat exchanger fins (2) are formed by films and are connected to each other in a tight-fitting manner by means of joints, fabrics or meshes.
3. A water or ice storage tank as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: at least one heat exchange pad is in a spiral shape, and the flow channels of the heat exchange pads alternately pass through in opposite directions in the vertical direction.
4. A water or ice storage tank as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: at least four heat exchange mats are arranged in a spiral, and at least eight heat collectors (6) of the heat exchange mats are connected to each other by at least four straight connecting lines in each case.
5. A water or ice storage tank as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the heat exchange pads are arranged in the container (1) in a serpentine parallel manner.
6. A water or ice storage tank as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the container (1) widens conically towards the top.
7. A water or ice storage tank as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the upper region of the container (1) is provided with an extension for receiving the expansion water.
CN202210539912.0A 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 Water or ice storage tank Pending CN114992694A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210539912.0A CN114992694A (en) 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 Water or ice storage tank

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210539912.0A CN114992694A (en) 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 Water or ice storage tank

Publications (1)

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CN114992694A true CN114992694A (en) 2022-09-02

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1229898A (en) * 1998-03-13 1999-09-29 株式会社日立制作所 Ice thermal storage type air-conditioner and ice thermal storage tank
CN1236084A (en) * 1998-05-18 1999-11-24 J·H·德克斯控股公司 Heating apparatus with storage vessel and heat exchanger, and method for manufacturing same
DE202004009559U1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2004-09-23 Dietz, Erwin Heat exchanger for a low-energy house comprises an unpressurized container with an inner chamber having an upper part for direct heat-transfer of condensed refrigerant vapor to fresh water and a lower part for indirect heat transfer
EP1892481A2 (en) * 2006-08-22 2008-02-27 CONSOLAR Solare Energiesysteme GmbH Water/ice storage unit
EP3193117A1 (en) * 2016-01-13 2017-07-19 Alexander Schackert Heat exchange device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1229898A (en) * 1998-03-13 1999-09-29 株式会社日立制作所 Ice thermal storage type air-conditioner and ice thermal storage tank
CN1236084A (en) * 1998-05-18 1999-11-24 J·H·德克斯控股公司 Heating apparatus with storage vessel and heat exchanger, and method for manufacturing same
DE202004009559U1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2004-09-23 Dietz, Erwin Heat exchanger for a low-energy house comprises an unpressurized container with an inner chamber having an upper part for direct heat-transfer of condensed refrigerant vapor to fresh water and a lower part for indirect heat transfer
EP1892481A2 (en) * 2006-08-22 2008-02-27 CONSOLAR Solare Energiesysteme GmbH Water/ice storage unit
EP3193117A1 (en) * 2016-01-13 2017-07-19 Alexander Schackert Heat exchange device

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