CN114992262A - Integrated spring power unit - Google Patents

Integrated spring power unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114992262A
CN114992262A CN202210756095.4A CN202210756095A CN114992262A CN 114992262 A CN114992262 A CN 114992262A CN 202210756095 A CN202210756095 A CN 202210756095A CN 114992262 A CN114992262 A CN 114992262A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cylinder body
shaft
main shaft
spline
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202210756095.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN114992262B (en
Inventor
刘帅
张彦伟
王蒙
马理
王忠祥
夏志远
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
Original Assignee
CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd filed Critical CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210756095.4A priority Critical patent/CN114992262B/en
Publication of CN114992262A publication Critical patent/CN114992262A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114992262B publication Critical patent/CN114992262B/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B60T1/065—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing disc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
    • B61H11/06—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/38—Slack adjusters
    • F16D65/40—Slack adjusters mechanical
    • F16D65/62—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in both directions for adjusting excessive and insufficient play
    • F16D65/66—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in both directions for adjusting excessive and insufficient play with screw-thread and nut
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/14—Mechanical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2123/00—Multiple operation forces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
    • F16D2125/40—Screw-and-nut
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated spring power unit. A main shaft is arranged in the cylinder body of the oil cylinder, and a tooth groove is formed in the disc surface of the shaft end of the main shaft; the nut shaft sleeve is in threaded connection with the main shaft, and a spline is arranged along the outer peripheral wall; the spline sleeve is in spline fit with the nut shaft sleeve; the holding spring is arranged on the periphery of the nut shaft sleeve and is positioned in a gap between the spline sleeve and the first step structure of the cylinder body; the end tooth disc is matched with the disc surface of the main shaft provided with the tooth grooves; the handle-shaped bulge of the common piston is inserted into a gap between the spline sleeve and the cylinder body of the oil cylinder and is positioned between a third step structure and a fourth step structure in the cylinder body, the main body part of the common piston is limited at the fourth step structure, and a circumferential mounting groove is formed in the main body part; the auxiliary piston is arranged in a gap between the common piston handle-shaped bulge and the end face of the third step structure. The spring power unit has the advantages of compact structure, higher modularization degree, low fault point, higher reliability and longer service life.

Description

Integrated spring power unit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of train braking, in particular to an integrated spring power unit.
Background
The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle braking, in particular to an integrated spring power unit for a hydraulic braking clamp of a low-floor tramcar.
Compared with a subway, the modern tramcar runs on a special rail on the ground, is low in construction cost and high in energy efficiency, and is very suitable for being used as a vehicle between a central city area and a satellite city. Modern trams adopt low-floor structure, need not to set up special platform, and the passenger is convenient for getting on or off the bus, but also puts forward very high requirement to the equipment under the car especially braking system's installation space, and modern low-floor tram adopts compact structure's hydraulic braking system in order to adapt to harsh installation space requirement usually. The hydraulic brake clamp is a basic brake device of a hydraulic brake system of a tramcar, the braking of a train is realized by pushing a brake pad to extrude a brake disc to generate friction force by the aid of the brake clamp, a spring power unit of the hydraulic brake clamp is a key component for realizing the function of the hydraulic brake clamp, and the running reliability of the hydraulic brake clamp is a key for accurately braking the hydraulic brake system of the train.
With the increasing development of urban traffic, urban tramcars are rapidly developed with the characteristics of low cost, light weight, rapidness, low chassis and the like, and already form an important part of urban traffic. Due to the characteristics of light weight and low chassis, the tramcar has low requirements on the weight and the space of a braking system, so that most of the tramcars adopt a hydraulic braking system. The hydraulic brake clamp is an important component of an actuating mechanism, a spring power unit of an internal core component of the hydraulic brake clamp has a clearance compensation function under the condition of brake pad abrasion, and a spring outputs braking force under an emergency power-off state so as to meet braking conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve one of the above technical problems, and provides an integrated spring power unit for a passive hydraulic brake caliper, which has a compact structure and a high degree of modularization, and has functions of service braking, emergency braking, clearance compensation, mechanical relief, and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an integrated spring power unit comprising:
the cylinder body of the oil cylinder: forming an oil cylinder body cavity, wherein a first step structure, a second step structure, a third step structure and a fourth step structure are sequentially formed in the direction from the first end to the second end of the oil cylinder body cavity in the axial direction;
main shaft: the oil cylinder body is arranged in the oil cylinder body and comprises a main body part and a shaft end part positioned at one end of the main body part, wherein the main body part is columnar and is provided with an external thread, the shaft end part is disc-shaped, and a tooth groove is formed along the disc surface of one side of the main body part away from the main body part;
nut and shaft sleeve: an internal thread is arranged along the inner wall of the sleeve and is in threaded connection with the main shaft, and a circle of spline is arranged along the outer peripheral wall and is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body of the oil cylinder;
top plate: the nut shaft sleeve is arranged on one side of the nut shaft sleeve extending out of the cylinder body cavity of the oil cylinder;
spline sleeve: the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with an internal spline which is matched with the spline of the nut shaft sleeve; a shaft shoulder is arranged along the outer wall of the spline sleeve, and the shaft shoulder is clamped on a second step structure of the oil cylinder body;
spring embracing: the spline sleeve is arranged on the outer periphery of the nut shaft sleeve and is positioned in an axial gap between the end face of the spline sleeve and the first stepped structure;
end-toothed disc: a tooth groove is arranged along the disk surface of the main shaft and matched with the disk surface of the main shaft, which is provided with the tooth groove;
a rear cover: the second end of the cylinder body of the oil cylinder is provided with a first end;
the piston is used: the handle-shaped projection part is arranged on the main body part, and the main body part has a larger radial width relative to the handle-shaped projection part; the handle-shaped bulge part is inserted into a gap between the spline sleeve and the cylinder body of the oil cylinder and is positioned between the third step structure and the fourth step structure; the main body part is sleeved outside the main shaft and limited at the fourth step structure, and a circumferential mounting groove is formed in the main body part;
an auxiliary piston; a gap is formed between the common piston handle-shaped bulge and the end face of the third step structure, and the auxiliary piston is arranged in the gap;
disc spring: the mounting groove is arranged in the circumferential mounting groove and is limited between the rear cover and the mounting groove, a gap is formed between one side of the mounting groove, which is close to the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the rear cover, and a limiting ring is arranged in the gap;
a spring: a common piston main body part forms a radial protruding structure towards one side of the main shaft, and the spring is sleeved and installed between the radial protruding structure and a disc-shaped structure at the end part of the main shaft;
a first oil cavity is formed among the oil cylinder body, the common piston and the auxiliary piston and is communicated with a first oil port on the oil cylinder body, and a second oil cavity is formed among the oil cylinder body and the auxiliary piston and is communicated with a second oil port on the oil cylinder body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the device further comprises a retainer, wherein the retainer is annular and is sleeved on the main shaft, and balls are arranged between the retainer and a disc-shaped structure at the end part of the main shaft; the spring is located between the cage and the common piston.
In some embodiments of the invention, an arc groove is arranged on the end face of the disc-shaped structure facing the side of the retainer, and the ball is arranged in the arc groove.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a circumferential radial protruding ring is formed on one side of the spline sleeve facing the first stepped structure, and is in contact with an end face of the first stepped structure, and the clasping spring is located between the radial protruding ring and the main shaft.
In some embodiments of the invention, external threads are arranged along the periphery of the end-toothed disc, and the common piston main body is provided with inner cavity threads which are connected with the end-holding disc in a matching manner.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tooth grooves of the main shaft disk surface are arranged at the periphery of the disk surface, are adjacent to the tooth grooves, and are provided with a circle of grooves towards the position close to the center of the disk surface;
the ball bearing is arranged in the groove;
the bearing cover is abutted to the ball bearing, the end-toothed disc is sleeved with the bearing cover, and the positioning ring is installed between the rear cover and the bearing cover.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the bearing cover has an internal thread, the center of the main shaft disk surface is axially provided with a protruding shaft, and the protruding shaft has an external thread and is installed in cooperation with the internal thread of the bearing cover.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a spline groove is provided along the outer peripheral fold of the bearing cap, and a spline is provided along the inner peripheral wall of the end-toothed disc, the spline being inserted into the spline groove.
In some embodiments of the invention, the positioning ring is mounted on the outside of the bearing cap and has a hollow shaft hole, and the spring power unit further comprises:
a protective cover: is arranged in the shaft hole;
positioning screws: inserted by the rear cover and connected with the protective cover by screw thread.
In some embodiments of the invention, a sealing sleeve is arranged between the rear cover and the common piston, and a sealing element is arranged in an inner groove at one side of the sealing sleeve, which faces the common piston;
a dustproof sleeve is arranged between the rear cover and the positioning ring.
The tight-lock coupler provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the spring power unit provided by the invention is a novel integrated spring power unit, and has the advantages of compact structure, higher modularization degree, simple structure, low fault point, higher reliability and longer service life. The integrated spring power unit can be used for a passive hydraulic brake clamp oil cylinder and can replace the function of an active hydraulic brake clamp.
(2) When the brake pad or the brake disc is worn, the wear can be automatically compensated, the brake clearance is kept unchanged, and the brake force output is stable.
(3) The manual relieving device can perform emergency manual relieving when the hydraulic oil pressure relieving fails.
(4) The clearance adjustment function is that the large-pitch thread pair is used, so the clearance adjustment amount is larger, and particularly under the condition of larger clearance during initial assembly, the clearance adjustment times are fewer, and the target requirement can be met more quickly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spring power unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a spring power unit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a principal axis first perspective structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second perspective view of the spindle.
FIG. 5 is a first perspective structural view of the nut and sleeve;
FIG. 6 is a second perspective structural view of the nut and sleeve;
FIG. 7 is a first perspective view of an end-toothed disc;
FIG. 8 is a second perspective view of the end-toothed disc;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a first perspective structure of a bearing cap;
FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a bearing cap at a second perspective;
wherein:
1-an oil cylinder body, 101-a first step structure, 102-a second step structure, 103-a third step structure and 104-a fourth step structure;
2-main shaft, 201-external thread, 202-tooth space, 203-arc groove, 204-groove, 205-protruding shaft,
3-nut shaft sleeve, 301-internal thread, 302-external spline,
4-a top plate;
5, pressing a plate;
6-spline sleeve, 601-internal spline, 602-shaft shoulder, 603-radial bulge loop,
7-a holding spring;
8-end tooth disk, 801-tooth groove, 802-external thread and 801-internal spline;
9-rear cover;
10-a common piston, 1001-a handle-shaped protrusion, 1002-a main body part, 1003-a circumferential mounting groove and 1004-a radial protrusion structure;
11-an auxiliary piston;
12-a disc spring;
13-a spring;
1401-a first oil chamber, 1402-a second oil chamber;
15-a cage;
16-a ball bearing;
17-ball bearings;
18-a positioning ring;
19-bearing cap, 1901-spline groove;
20-a positioning pin;
21-a protective cover;
22-set screws;
23-a dustproof sleeve;
24-a stop collar.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on," "connected to," another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", and the like, as used herein, are intended to refer to a particular orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have the particular orientation, configuration, and operation in particular, and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to imply importance.
The invention provides an integrated spring power unit which is compact in structure and high in modularization degree and has the functions of service braking, emergency braking, clearance compensation, mechanical relieving and the like.
The structure of the integrated spring power unit is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The oil cylinder body 1: a cylinder body cavity of the oil cylinder is formed and is of a hollow penetrating structure, and a first stepped structure 101, a second stepped structure 102, a third stepped structure 103 and a fourth stepped structure 104 are sequentially formed along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder body cavity in the axial direction; the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1 formed by each step structure gradually increases along the direction from the first step structure 101 to the fourth step structure 104.
A main shaft 2: the oil cylinder is arranged in the oil cylinder body 1 and comprises a main body part and a shaft end part positioned at one end of the main body part, wherein the main body part is columnar and is provided with an external thread 201, the shaft end part is disc-shaped, and a tooth groove 202 is arranged along the disc surface of one side of the main body part away from the main body part.
Nut and shaft sleeve 3: an internal thread 301 is arranged along the inner wall of the sleeve and matched with the external thread 201 of the main shaft, the internal thread and the external thread are in threaded connection, a circle of external splines 302 are arranged along the outer peripheral wall, one side of the external splines close to the first end of the oil cylinder body 1 is attached to the inner wall of the first step structure 101 of the oil cylinder body 1, the two can move relatively, and a sealing element is arranged at the connection position of the two; the spline 302 is a circle of bump structures arranged along the inner wall of the nut sleeve 3 at intervals, the gaps between any two adjacent bumps are equal, and the bumps are uniform in size. The position of the spline 302 may be located opposite to the cylinder second step structure 102, the third step structure 103, and the fourth step structure 104, that is, should be avoided at the first step structure 101.
Top plate 4: the sealing device is arranged on one side of the nut shaft sleeve 3 extending out of the cavity of the oil cylinder body 1, the top plate 4 is provided with external threads, extends into the inner cavity of the nut shaft sleeve 3 and is in threaded connection with the nut shaft sleeve 3, and a sealing element is arranged at the joint of the top plate 4 and the nut shaft sleeve 3; a pressing plate 5 can be further arranged on the outer side of the top plate 4, the pressing plate 5 is fixedly connected with the top plate 4, and a sealing piece is arranged at the joint of the pressing plate 5 and the top plate 4.
Spline sleeve 6: the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with an internal spline 601 which is matched with the nut shaft sleeve spline 302; the internal spline 601 is similar in construction to the external spline 402 in that the tabs of the internal spline 601 can be inserted into the gaps between the tabs of the external spline 402. A shoulder 602 is provided along the outer wall of the spline sleeve 6, and the shoulder is a circumferential radial protruding structure provided along the outer wall of the spline sleeve. The shaft shoulder is clamped at the position of a second step structure 102 of the oil cylinder body, and a sealing element is arranged between the spline sleeve 6 and the inner wall of the second step structure 102.
And (7) embracing the spring: the spline sleeve is arranged on the periphery of the nut shaft sleeve 4 and is positioned in an axial gap between the end surface of the spline sleeve 6 and the first stepped structure 101; specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, a circumferential radially protruding ring 603 is formed on a side of the spline sleeve 6 facing the first stepped structure 101, and is in contact with an end surface of the first stepped structure 101, and the locking spring 7 is located between the radially protruding ring 603 and the main shaft.
End-toothed disc 8: a tooth groove 801 is arranged along the disk surface and matched with the disk surface of the main shaft 2 provided with the tooth groove 202;
a rear cover 9: the second end of the cylinder body 1 of the oil cylinder is arranged; and a sealing element is arranged between the rear cover 9 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 1.
The normal piston 10: comprises a handle-shaped projection 1001 and a main body part 1002, wherein the main body part 1002 has a larger radial width relative to the handle-shaped projection; the handle-shaped projection 1001 is inserted into a gap between the spline sleeve 6 and the cylinder body 1 and is positioned between the third stepped structure 103 and the fourth stepped structure 104; the main body part is sleeved outside the main shaft and limited at the fourth step structure 104, and the main body part forms a circumferential mounting groove 1003. A sealing piece is arranged between the common piston 10 and the inner wall of the cylinder body, and a sealing piece is also arranged on the binding surface of the common piston and the spline housing 6. The conventional piston 8 and the cylinder 1 are restricted from relative rotation by a positioning pin 20.
An auxiliary piston 11; there is a gap between the usual piston tang 1001 and the end face of the third stepped configuration 103, with the auxiliary piston 11 being disposed in the gap between them. And a sealing piece is arranged between the auxiliary piston 11 and the inner wall of the cylinder body, and a sealing piece is also arranged on the binding surface of the auxiliary piston and the spline housing through 6.
Disc spring 12: is mounted in the circumferential mounting groove 1003 of the main body of the common piston and is limited between the rear cover 9 and the mounting groove 1003. A gap is formed between one side of the mounting groove close to the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 and the rear cover, and a limit ring 24 is arranged in the gap. The limiting ring 24 can also move axially of the positioning pin 20, the limiting ring 24 is in threaded connection with the inner annular surface of the cylinder body 1, and the positioning pin 20 limits rotation between the common piston 10 and the cylinder body 1.
Spring 13: the main body 1002 of the conventional piston forms a radial protrusion 1004 toward the main shaft, and the spring 13 is sleeved between the radial protrusion and the disc-shaped structure at the end of the main shaft.
A first oil cavity 1401 is formed among the cylinder body 1, the common piston 10 and the auxiliary piston 11 and is communicated with a first oil port P on the cylinder body, and a second oil cavity 1402 is formed among the cylinder body 1 and the auxiliary piston 11 and is communicated with a second oil port H on the cylinder body. The first oil port and the second oil port are arranged at the front end of the oil cylinder body 1 on two sides of the auxiliary piston 11.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention further comprises a retainer 15, wherein the retainer 15 is annular, and is sleeved on the main shaft 2, and balls 16 are arranged between the retainer 15 and the disc-shaped structure at the end of the main shaft; the spring 12 is located between the retainer 15 and the common piston 10.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the installation of the balls 16, in some embodiments of the present invention, the end surface of the disk-shaped structure facing the side of the retainer 15 is provided with an arc groove 203, and the balls are disposed in the arc groove 203. The spring 12 presses the main shaft against the front end of the end-toothed disc 8 through the retainer 15 and the balls 16.
In some embodiments of the present invention, external threads 802 are provided along the periphery of the end-toothed disk 8, and the main body of the conventional piston 10 is provided with internal cavity threads for mating connection with the end-holding disk.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tooth grooves 202 of the main shaft disk surface are arranged on the periphery of the disk surface, are adjacent to the tooth grooves 202, and are provided with a circle of grooves 204 towards the position close to the center of the disk surface;
further comprises a ball bearing 17 disposed in the groove 204;
the automobile rear cover further comprises a positioning ring 18 and a bearing cover 19, wherein the bearing cover 19 abuts against the ball bearing 17, the end-toothed disc 8 is sleeved on the periphery of the bearing cover 19, and the positioning ring 18 is installed between the rear cover 9 and the bearing cover 19.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the bearing cap 19 has an internal thread, the center of the main shaft disk surface is axially provided with a protruding shaft 205, and the protruding shaft 205 has an external thread and is installed in cooperation with the internal thread of the bearing cap 19.
In some embodiments of the present invention, spline grooves 1901 are provided along the outer peripheral fold of bearing cap 19, and internal splines 803 are provided along the inner peripheral wall of end-toothed disk 8, which are inserted into spline grooves 1901.
In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising:
the positioning ring 18 is arranged on the outer side of the bearing cover and is provided with a hollow shaft hole;
the protective cover 21: is arranged in the shaft hole;
set screw 22: inserted through the rear cover and screwed into the protective cover 21.
In some embodiments of the invention, in order to solve the problem of dust prevention in the cylinder body 1, a sealing sleeve 23 is arranged between the rear cover 9 and the common piston 10, and a sealing element is arranged in an inner groove on one side of the sealing sleeve 23 facing the common piston 10; a dustproof sleeve 23 is arranged between the rear cover 9 and the positioning ring 18.
The working principle of the spring power unit provided by the invention is as follows.
1. Passive braking
In the normal driving process, the spring power unit is in the state of alleviating, first hydraulic fluid port P lets in pressure oil, pressure oil gets into first hydraulic oil inner chamber 1401, hydraulic oil promotes piston 10 commonly used backward, compress dish spring 12, the b face of the notch of piston 10 commonly used and the spacing face a of the spacing ring 24 of retainer ring coincide, piston 10 commonly used drives main shaft 2 backward movement simultaneously, main shaft 2 drives nut axle sleeve 3, nut axle roof 4 and clamp plate 5 backward movement, thereby brake lining and brake disc keep normally alleviating the clearance.
The brake applying process is as follows, pressure oil is released from a first oil port P, so that the disc spring 12 in a compressed state under the action of the pressure oil is released, the common piston 10 is pushed to move forwards, meanwhile, the common piston 10 drives the end-toothed disc 8 connected with the common piston by threads to move forwards, the end-toothed disc 8 pushes the main shaft 2, the nut shaft sleeve 3 and the nut shaft top plate 4 to move forwards until the brake pad is pushed by the pressure plate 5 to press the brake disc, braking force is generated, and braking of the vehicle is realized.
In the braking process, as the external spline of the nut shaft sleeve 3 is matched with the internal spline of the spline sleeve 6, and the spline sleeve 6 is fastened and connected on the oil cylinder body 1 through threads, the nut shaft sleeve 3 can only move axially but can not rotate; in addition, the spring pre-tightening force of the spring 13 acts on the main shaft 2 through the steel ball retainer 15 and the balls 16, so that end face teeth on the shaft shoulder of the main shaft 2 are completely meshed with end face teeth of the end toothed disc 8, the main shaft 2 cannot rotate, the axial movement of the nut shaft sleeve 3 can only be realized through the rotation of the main shaft, the main shaft 2 cannot rotate as long as the end face teeth on the shaft shoulder of the main shaft 2 are meshed with the end face teeth of the end toothed disc 8, and the main shaft 2 and the nut shaft sleeve 3 can only axially move simultaneously; in the passive braking process, the disc spring pushes the common piston 10 to move forwards for a certain distance, so that the main shaft 2 and the nut shaft sleeve 3 move forwards for a certain distance, and the pressure plate 5 pushes the brake pad to move forwards for a certain distance.
2. Common use mitigation
Pressure oil is introduced into the port P, the pressure oil enters the first hydraulic oil cavity 1401, referring to fig. 2, hydraulic oil pushes the common piston 10 to move backwards, the disc spring 12 is compressed until the surface b of the notch of the common piston 10 coincides with the surface a of the limiting surface of the limiting ring 24 of the baffle ring, meanwhile, the common piston 10 drives the main shaft 2 to move backwards, the main shaft 2 drives the nut shaft sleeve 3, the nut shaft top plate 4 and the pressing plate 5 to move backwards, and therefore the brake pad and the brake disc keep normal clearance relief.
3. Auxiliary mitigation
When the vehicle normally relieves the fault, namely the first oil port P is introduced into the pressure oil and can not establish normal relieving pressure to relieve the brake clamp, the brake clamp can be relieved by the auxiliary relieving mode.
Pressure oil enters the H port and flows into the second hydraulic oil chamber 1402, referring to FIG. 2, the hydraulic oil pushes the auxiliary piston 11 and the common piston 10 to move backwards, the disc spring 12 is compressed until the surface b of the notch of the common piston 10 coincides with the surface a of the limit surface of the limit ring 24 of the stop ring, meanwhile, the common piston 10 drives the spindle 2 to move backwards, the spindle 2 drives the nut shaft sleeve 3, the nut shaft top plate 4 and the pressure plate 5 to move backwards, and therefore the brake pad and the brake disc keep a normal release clearance.
4. Manual mitigation
The manual release function is used for emergency manual release of the clamp through a manual release device of the brake clamp oil cylinder when common release and auxiliary release both fail.
The manual relieving implementation process comprises the following steps that a protective cover 21 on the protective cover 21 is screwed off, a screw matched with the thread of the inner cavity of the bearing cover 19 is screwed into the inner cavity of the bearing cover 19, the screw is screwed continuously, torque is converted into axial force to push the bearing cover to move, further, force is exerted on the rear end of a main shaft 2, the main shaft 2 tends to be pushed to move forwards, at the moment, the pressure plate 5 is in a braking state, the pressure plate 5 presses a brake pad and is tightly attached to a brake disc, the main shaft 2 cannot move forwards and only can exert great force to the brake pad, meanwhile, the brake pad exerts a counterforce to the main shaft 2, the main shaft 2 transmits force to an end tooth disc 8 and a common piston 10, a compression disc spring 12 moves backwards, at the moment, an end face tooth groove 202 at the rear end of a shaft shoulder of the main shaft 2 is separated from an end face groove 801 of the end tooth disc 8, and the main shaft 2 and a nut shaft are under the condition of non-self-locking thread pair and mutual acting force, the nut shaft sleeve 3 can rotate, so that the nut shaft sleeve 3 moves backwards, the pressure plate 5 is separated from the brake pad, and braking is relieved.
5. Automatic compensation for brake clearance abrasion
When the brake pad or the brake disc is abraded, the brake clearance abrasion automatic compensation device has the function of automatically compensating the brake clearance abrasion in order to stabilize and keep the brake force output unchanged.
After the vehicle runs for a certain mileage, the brake pads and the brake disc are abraded, if the brake clearance is normally L, the abrasion of the brake pads and the brake disc is delta L, the brake clearance is changed into L plus delta L, referring to fig. 2, the pressure of the inner cavity of the first hydraulic oil is reduced, the disc spring 12 pushes the common piston 10 to move forwards, meanwhile, the common piston 10 drives the end-toothed disc 8, the main shaft 2, the nut shaft sleeve 3 and the pressure plate 5 to move forwards, and the moving distance is L plus delta L; at this time, relief is performed, pressure oil is introduced into the first oil port P, the pressure oil enters the first hydraulic oil cavity, the hydraulic oil pushes the common piston 10 to move backwards, the disc spring 12 is compressed, when the left end face d of the holding spring 2 contacts the cavity step face c of the spline sleeve 6 (i.e., L ═ cd), the holding spring 2 cannot move leftwards any more, because the holding spring 2 and the nut shaft sleeve 3 are in interference fit and have a certain holding force, the nut shaft sleeve 3 cannot move leftwards any more, but the common piston 10 still moves leftwards Δ L under the action of hydraulic pressure until the b face of the notch of the common piston 10 coincides with the a face of the limit ring 24 of the retainer ring, and the main shaft 2 and the nut shaft sleeve 3 are connected by a non-self-locking thread pair, at this time, the main shaft 2 is subjected to a forward pulling force in the axial direction of the nut, the main shaft of the compression spring 13 keeps the position still, and then the end face tooth socket 801 of the end face of the end toothed disc 8 and the end face 202 of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft 2 can be separated, under the action of a non-self-locking thread pair and tension, the main shaft is released to rotate relative to the nut shaft until the end face tooth groove 202 at the rear end of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft 2 is meshed with the end face tooth groove 801 of the end tooth disc 8 again, the main shaft and the nut shaft are subjected to relative displacement Delta L in the relieving process, namely the main shaft 2 moves L plus Delta L leftwards, the nut shaft only moves L, and the corresponding nut shaft top plate 4 and the corresponding pressing plate 5 also move L leftwards, so that the brake clearance is always L under the relieving working condition.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated spring power unit, comprising:
the cylinder body of the oil cylinder: forming an oil cylinder body cavity, wherein a first step structure, a second step structure, a third step structure and a fourth step structure are sequentially formed in the direction from the first end to the second end of the oil cylinder body cavity in the axial direction;
a main shaft: the oil cylinder body is arranged in the oil cylinder body and comprises a main body part and a shaft end part positioned at one end of the main body part;
nut and shaft sleeve: the outer peripheral wall of the main shaft is provided with a circle of splines which are attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body of the oil cylinder;
top plate: the nut shaft sleeve is arranged on one side of the nut shaft sleeve extending out of the cylinder body cavity of the oil cylinder;
spline sleeve: the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with an internal spline which is matched with the spline of the nut shaft sleeve; a shaft shoulder is arranged along the outer wall of the spline sleeve, and the shaft shoulder is clamped on a second step structure of the oil cylinder body;
spring embracing: the spline sleeve is arranged on the outer periphery of the nut shaft sleeve and is positioned in an axial gap between the end face of the spline sleeve and the first stepped structure;
the piston is used: comprises a handle-shaped bulge part and a main body part; the handle-shaped bulge part is inserted into a gap between the spline sleeve and the cylinder body of the oil cylinder and is positioned between the third step structure and the fourth step structure; the main body part is sleeved outside the main shaft and limited at the fourth step structure, and a circumferential mounting groove is formed in the main body part;
an auxiliary piston; a gap is formed between the common piston handle-shaped protruding part and the end face of the third step structure, and the auxiliary piston is arranged in the gap;
disc spring: the mounting groove is arranged in the circumferential mounting groove and limited between the rear cover at the second end of the cylinder body and the mounting groove, a gap is formed between one side of the mounting groove close to the inner wall of the cylinder body and the rear cover, and a limit ring is arranged in the gap;
a spring: a common piston main body part forms a radial protruding structure towards one side of the main shaft, and the spring is sleeved and installed between the radial protruding structure and a disc-shaped structure at the end part of the main shaft;
a first oil cavity is formed among the oil cylinder body, the common piston and the auxiliary piston and is communicated with a first oil port on the oil cylinder body, and a second oil cavity is formed among the oil cylinder body and the auxiliary piston and is communicated with a second oil port on the oil cylinder body.
2. The integrated spring power unit of claim 1, wherein:
the main shaft is provided with external threads, the end part of the main shaft is in a disc shape, and a tooth socket is arranged along the disc surface of one side of the main shaft, which is far away from the main body part; the inner wall of the nut shaft sleeve is provided with internal threads which are in threaded connection with the main shaft;
the end-toothed disc is also included, and a tooth groove is arranged along the disc surface of the end-toothed disc and is matched with the disc surface of the main shaft, which is provided with the tooth groove.
3. The integrated spring power unit of claim 1, further comprising a retainer, wherein the retainer is annular and is mounted on the spindle in a sleeved manner, and balls are arranged between the retainer and the disk-shaped structure at the end of the spindle; the spring is located between the cage and the common piston.
4. The integrated spring power unit according to claim 1, wherein an arc groove is provided on an end surface of the disk-shaped structure facing the retainer, and the ball is disposed in the arc groove.
5. The integrated spring power unit of claim 1, wherein the spline sleeve forms a circumferential radially projecting ring on a side facing the first step structure, and contacts an end face of the first step structure, and the locking spring is located between the radially projecting ring and the main shaft.
6. The integrated spring power unit of claim 1, wherein external threads are provided along the periphery of the end-toothed disc, and the common piston body is provided with internal cavity threads for mating connection with the end-holding disc.
7. The integrated spring power unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tooth grooves of the main shaft disk surface are arranged on the periphery of the disk surface, are adjacent to the tooth grooves, and are provided with a circle of grooves towards the position close to the center of the disk surface;
the ball bearing is arranged in the groove;
the positioning device further comprises a positioning ring and a bearing cover, wherein the bearing cover is abutted to the ball bearing and sleeved on the periphery of the end-toothed disc, and the positioning ring is installed between the rear cover and the bearing cover.
8. The integrated spring power unit of claim 7, wherein the bearing cap has an internal thread, and the main shaft disk surface is axially provided with a protruding shaft at the center, and the protruding shaft has an external thread and is installed in cooperation with the internal thread of the bearing cap.
9. The integrated spring power unit of claim 8 or 8, wherein a spline groove is provided along the outer peripheral fold of the bearing cap, and a spline is provided along the inner peripheral wall of the end-toothed disc, the spline being inserted into the spline groove.
10. The integrated spring power unit of claim 7, wherein the retaining ring: install in the outside of bearing cap, have the hollow shaft hole, the spring power unit further includes:
a protective cover: is arranged in the shaft hole;
positioning screws: inserted by the rear cover and connected with the protective cover by screw thread.
CN202210756095.4A 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Integrated spring power unit Active CN114992262B (en)

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CN113294462A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-08-24 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 Spring power unit

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1240222A (en) * 1969-03-17 1971-07-21 Automotive Prod Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to automatic adjusting devices for vehicle brakes
US4809819A (en) * 1986-02-28 1989-03-07 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Brake actuators
US4795005A (en) * 1986-06-13 1989-01-03 Knorr-Bremse Ag Combined service and spring-loaded brake cylinder
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CN113294462A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-08-24 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 Spring power unit

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