CN114985789A

CN114985789A - Numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on PLC control technology

Info

Publication number: CN114985789A
Application number: CN202210747392.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤先卫; 肖斌; 江雪雨; 于威
Original assignee: Dongtai Kairun Precision Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongtai Kairun Precision Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-28
Filing date: 2022-06-28
Publication date: 2022-09-02

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and discloses a numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on a PLC control technology, which comprises a numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology, and comprises a box body, wherein the box body is in a long square body shape, the interior of the box body is in a hollow structure, the top of the box body is respectively and fixedly provided with a normal operation indicator lamp, a fault indicator lamp and an alarm indicator lamp, and through the arrangement of a main shaft transmission mechanism, the parameters of a main shaft motor can be collected, so that the operation condition of the main shaft motor can be clearer for workers, and the production efficiency is improved; in addition, by arranging the pressure sensor, whether the workpiece fixed on the chuck is fixed or not can be judged, and the phenomenon that the workpiece is processed into a defective product due to unfixed workpiece is avoided; through setting up PLC control display system, state that staff's numerical control lathe work can be reminded to liquid crystal display and voice module, is favorable to improving staff's enthusiasm and the efficiency of production.

Description

Numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on PLC control technology

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to an electric chuck accessory of a numerical control lathe based on a PLC control technology.

Background

With the rapid development of production and scientific technology, people have higher requirements on the types and functions of mechanical products, and further the production and processing of the mechanical products become more and more complex, the numerical control machine tool is generated for solving the automation of single-piece and small-batch processing, particularly the processing of parts with high precision and complex profiles and ensuring the quality requirements, the application field of the numerical control machine tool covers a plurality of industries, the automation control of the numerical control machine tool is generally automatically controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller), the Chinese name of the PLC is a programmable logic controller which is specially designed for application in industrial environment, and the programmable logic controller adopts a programmable memory for storing and executing various operation instructions in the programmable memory and controls various types of machinery or production processes by matching digital and analog input and output with external parts.

At present, the numerical control machine tool controlled by the PLC firstly used is developed for years and is mature, but the following defects exist in use: 1. the electric chuck is used for fixing and rotating the machined part on the lathe, and in the using process, after the electric chuck is used for fixing the machined part, the fixing degree is not judged, namely whether the machined part is fixed or not is not detected, so that the defective rate of lathe machining is improved, and the machined part which is not fixed has certain safety risk to machining personnel and equipment; 2. when the spindle motor rotates the electric chuck, the spindle motor is not detected by a related sensor, so that the abnormal condition of the spindle motor cannot be found early, and the operation, maintenance and troubleshooting of the spindle motor are not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an electric chuck accessory of a numerical control lathe based on a PLC control technology, which solves the problems of the electric chuck in use.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an electronic chuck accessory of numerical control lathe based on PLC control technique, include one kind based on electronic chuck accessory of PLC control technique numerical control lathe, the power distribution box comprises a box body, the long square body form of box position, inside is hollow structure, the top of box is the fixed normal pilot lamp that is provided with respectively, fault indicator and alarm indicator, be provided with spindle drive on the box, electronic chuck mechanism and PLC control display mechanism, spindle drive includes spindle motor, first pivot and fixed disk, the welding of bottom half inner wall is provided with spindle motor, spindle motor's output and first pivot welded connection set up, the free end top welded fastening dish of first pivot, through setting up spindle drive, can make the machined part rotate the processing, set up different pilot lamps, can help the staff to intervene fast.

Preferably, the electric chuck mechanism comprises a chuck base, a chuck sheath, a fixing ring, screws, a limiting ring, a clamping seat, a rotary drum, a limiting column, a first gear, a rotary disc, movable teeth, a chuck cover plate, a limiting rail, clamping jaws, a slide rail, a movable groove, a second gear, a second rotary shaft and a chuck motor, wherein the chuck base is welded on the fixing disc, the fixing ring is arranged at the top of the chuck base, a plurality of screws are arranged on the fixing ring, the screws longitudinally penetrate through the fixing ring and are embedded into the chuck base, the limiting ring is welded at the top of the fixing ring, the radius of the limiting ring is smaller than that of the fixing ring, the clamping seat is arranged at the top of the chuck base, the clamping seat is fixed and limited by the limiting ring, the clamping seat is rotatably connected with the fixing ring, the rotary drum is welded at the top of the clamping seat, the limiting column is welded at the center of the top of the chuck base, and longitudinally penetrates through the rotary drum and is rotatably connected with the rotary drum, the top of the rotary drum is welded with a rotary table, the bottom edge of the rotary table is provided with a first gear, a chuck sheath is sleeved outside the rotary table and between the rotary table and a chuck base, the chuck sheath is cylindrical, the center of the chuck sheath is of a hollow structure, a chuck motor is arranged outside the chuck sheath, the output end of the chuck motor is welded with a second rotating shaft, the free end of the second rotating shaft horizontally penetrates through the chuck sheath and extends to the bottom of the rotary table, the free end of the second rotating shaft is provided with a second gear, the first gear and the second gear are meshed, the top of the rotary table is welded with movable teeth, the top of the chuck sheath is welded with a chuck cover plate, the chuck cover plate is provided with a limit rail, the chuck cover plate is provided with a clamping jaw, the two sides of the clamping jaw are provided with slide rails, and the bottom of the clamping jaw is provided with a plurality of movable grooves, through setting up electric chuck mechanism, can carry out fine fixed to the machined part, the chuck motor can realize electrically fixing and releasing the machined part.

Preferably, PLC control display mechanism includes PLC controller, connecting rod and liquid crystal display, and the fixed PLC controller that sets up of bottom inner wall of box, the fixed liquid crystal display that sets up of top outer wall of box, the fixed connecting rod that sets up in top of PLC controller, the free end and the liquid crystal display of connecting rod are connected, through setting up PLC control display mechanism, can carry out automated control to spindle drive mechanism and electric chuck mechanism, and liquid crystal display can demonstrate the running state of each mechanism, is favorable to staff's analysis.

Preferably, spindle motor is three-phase asynchronous motor, is provided with temperature sensor, speed sensor and vibration sensor on the motor, and the signal input of sensor is to PLC control display mechanism, and normal pilot lamp, fault indicator and warning pilot lamp are switching value control and have the PLC controller to control its switching value, through set up multiunit sensor on spindle motor, can detect spindle motor's operational aspect fast, do benefit to the management of staff to equipment.

Preferably, the both sides slide rail of jack catch and the spacing rail sliding connection setting on the chuck apron, the movable groove that the jack catch top set up sets up with the movable tooth sliding connection at carousel top, and the top of jack catch is provided with the irregular buckle of a plurality of groups, is provided with pressure sensor on the jack catch, and the movable tooth is spiral structure, sets up the buckle on the jack catch and does benefit to the machined part of fixed multiple difference, and pressure sensor can help confirm whether the machined part is fixed.

Preferably, the radius of the clamping seat is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixing ring, and the radius of the clamping seat is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring, so that the clamping seat is fixed in the limiting ring.

Preferably, the first gears are arranged on the bottom edge of the turntable in a uniform continuous annular array; the second gears are arranged in a uniform continuous annular array at the free end of the second rotating shaft.

Preferably, the inside of connecting rod is hollow structure, and data line is worn to be equipped with in the inside of connecting rod, and the output of PLC controller and liquid crystal display's input are connected respectively to data line's both ends, and liquid crystal display's inside is provided with voice module, can help the staff to discover the abnormal conditions of equipment operation better through setting up voice module.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology, the spindle transmission mechanism is arranged, so that parameters such as temperature, speed and vibration of the spindle motor can be acquired, the operation condition of the spindle motor can be clearer for workers, earlier manual intervention can be performed on abnormal phenomena of the motor, and the production efficiency is improved;

2. according to the numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology, the electric chuck mechanism is arranged, so that a machined part can be well fixed, and in addition, whether the machined part fixed on the chuck is well fixed or not can be judged by arranging the pressure sensor, so that the machined part is prevented from being processed into defective products due to unfixed parts, and meanwhile, a certain protection effect is achieved on workers and equipment;

3. this based on PLC control technology numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory through setting up PLC control display system, the state that staff numerical control lathe work can be reminded to multiple status indicator lamp and voice module, and the display screen can be more audio-visual demonstrates relevant operating parameter, has improved the information interaction of staff and machine, is favorable to improving staff's enthusiasm and the efficiency of production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a spindle transmission mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the electrical chuck mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the power chuck of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control logic structure according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a box body; 2. a normal indicator light; 3. a fault indicator light; 4. an alarm indicator light; 5. a spindle motor; 6. a first rotating shaft; 7. a PLC controller; 8. a connecting rod; 9. a liquid crystal display screen; 10. fixing the disc; 11. a chuck base; 12. a chuck sheath; 13. a fixing ring; 14. a screw; 15. a limiting ring; 16. a card holder; 17. a rotating drum; 18. a limiting post; 19. a first gear; 20. a turntable; 21. a movable tooth; 22. a chuck cover plate; 23. a limit rail; 24. a claw; 25. a slide rail; 26. a movable groove; 27. a second gear; 28. a second rotating shaft; 29. a chuck motor.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology comprises a box body 1, wherein the box body is in a cuboid shape with a hollow structure inside, a normal operation indicator lamp 2, a fault indicator lamp 3 and an alarm indicator lamp 4 are respectively and fixedly arranged at the top of the box body 1, a spindle transmission mechanism, an electric chuck mechanism and a PLC control display mechanism are arranged on the box body 1, the spindle transmission mechanism comprises a spindle motor 5, a first rotating shaft 6 and a fixed disc 10, the spindle motor 5 is welded on the inner wall of the bottom of the box body 1, the output end of the spindle motor 5 is welded with the first rotating shaft 6, the fixed disc 10 is welded at the top of the free end of the first rotating shaft 6, and a workpiece can be rotationally machined by arranging the spindle transmission mechanism, and different indicator lamps can be arranged to help a worker to quickly intervene; the electric chuck mechanism comprises a chuck base 11, a chuck sheath 12, a fixing ring 13, screws 14, a limiting ring 15, a clamping seat 16, a rotary drum 17, a limiting column 18, a first gear 19, a rotary disc 20, movable teeth 21, a chuck cover plate 22, a limiting rail 23, clamping jaws 24, a slide rail 25, a movable groove 26, a second gear 27, a second rotary shaft 28 and a chuck motor 29, wherein the chuck base 11 is welded on the fixing disc 10, the fixing ring 13 is arranged at the top of the chuck base 11, a plurality of screws 14 are arranged on the fixing ring 13, the screws 14 longitudinally penetrate through the fixing ring 13 and are embedded into the chuck base 11, the limiting ring 15 is welded at the top of the fixing ring 13, the radius of the limiting ring 15 is smaller than that of the fixing ring 13, the clamping seat 16 is arranged at the top of the chuck base 11, the clamping seat 16 is fixed and limited by the limiting ring 15, the clamping seat 16 is rotatably connected with the fixing ring 13, the rotary drum 17 is welded at the top of the clamping seat 16, the top center of the chuck base 11 is welded with a limiting column 18, the limiting column 18 longitudinally penetrates through the rotary drum 17 and is rotatably connected with the rotary drum 17, the top of the rotary drum 17 is welded with a rotary table 20, the bottom edge of the rotary table 20 is provided with a first gear 19, a chuck sheath 12 is sleeved outside the rotary table 20 and between the rotary table 20 and the chuck base 11, the chuck sheath 12 is cylindrical, the center of the chuck sheath 12 is of a hollow structure, the outside of the chuck sheath 12 is provided with a chuck motor 29, the output end of the chuck motor 29 is welded with a second rotary shaft 28, the free end of the second rotary shaft 28 horizontally penetrates through the chuck sheath 12 and extends to the bottom of the rotary table 20, the free end of the second rotary shaft 28 is provided with a second gear 27, the first gear 19 is meshed with the second gear 27, the top of the rotary table 20 is welded with movable teeth 21, the top of the chuck sheath 12 is welded with a chuck cover plate 22, and the chuck cover plate 22 is provided with a limiting rail 23, the chuck cover plate 22 is provided with a clamping jaw 24, two sides of the clamping jaw 24 are provided with slide rails 25, the bottom of the clamping jaw 24 is provided with a plurality of groups of movable grooves 26, a workpiece can be well fixed by arranging an electric chuck mechanism, and the chuck motor 29 can realize electric fixing and releasing of the workpiece; the PLC control display mechanism comprises a PLC controller 7, a connecting rod 8 and a liquid crystal display screen 9, the PLC controller 7 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the box body 1, the liquid crystal display screen 9 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the top of the box body 1, the connecting rod 8 is fixedly arranged on the top of the PLC controller 7, the free end of the connecting rod 8 is connected with the liquid crystal display screen 9, the spindle transmission mechanism and the electric chuck mechanism can be automatically controlled by arranging the PLC control display mechanism, and the liquid crystal display screen 9 can display the running state of each mechanism, so that the analysis of workers is facilitated; the spindle motor 5 is a three-phase asynchronous motor, a temperature sensor, a rotating speed sensor and a vibration sensor are arranged on the motor, signals of the sensors are input to a PLC control display mechanism, a normal indicator lamp 2, a fault indicator lamp 3 and an alarm indicator lamp 4 are controlled by switching value control, a PLC controller 7 controls the switching value of the normal indicator lamp, the fault indicator lamp and the alarm indicator lamp, the running condition of the spindle motor 5 can be rapidly detected by arranging a plurality of groups of sensors on the spindle motor 5, and the management of equipment by workers is facilitated; the sliding rails 25 on the two sides of the clamping jaw 24 are slidably connected with the limiting rails 23 on the chuck cover plate 22, the movable groove 26 formed in the top of the clamping jaw 24 is slidably connected with the movable teeth 21 on the top of the turntable 20, a plurality of groups of irregular buckles are arranged on the top of the clamping jaw 24, the clamping jaw 24 is provided with a pressure sensor, the movable teeth 21 are of a spiral structure, the buckles arranged on the clamping jaw 24 are beneficial to fixing various different machined parts, and the pressure sensor can help to determine whether the machined parts are fixed; the radius of the clamping seat 16 is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixing ring 13, and the radius of the clamping seat 16 is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring 15 so as to ensure that the clamping seat is fixed in the limiting ring; the first gears 19 are arranged in a uniform continuous annular array at the bottom edge of the turntable 20; the second gears 27 are arranged in a uniform continuous annular array at the free end of the second shaft 28; connecting rod 8's inside is hollow structure, and connecting rod 8's inside is worn to be equipped with data line, and PLC controller 7's output and liquid crystal display 9's input are connected respectively to data line's both ends, and liquid crystal display 9's inside is provided with voice module, can help the staff to discover the abnormal conditions of equipment operation better through setting up voice module.

The working principle is as follows: when a numerically-controlled machine tool is required to process a workpiece, the workpiece is placed on the jaw 24, at this time, the PLC controller 7 starts the chuck motor 29 to drive the second rotating shaft 28 and further drive the second gear 27, because the first gear 19 and the second gear 27 are arranged in a meshed manner, the second gear 27 drives the first gear 19 and then drives the turntable 20 to rotate, the movable teeth 21 are welded with the turntable 20, so the movable teeth 21 rotate along with the turntable 20, the movable grooves 26 arranged at the bottom of the jaw 24 perform orbital transfer motion on the movable teeth 21 according to the rotation of the movable teeth 21, meanwhile, because the slide rails 25 of the jaw 24 are arranged in a sliding manner with the limit rails 23 of the chuck cover plate 22, the jaw 24 moves towards or away from the center of the chuck cover plate 22 along the limit rails 23, the distance between the jaws 24 is adjusted according to actual needs, finally, the jaw 24 fixes the workpiece, at this time, the information of the workpiece is uploaded to the PLC controller 7 through the pressure sensors on the jaw 24, the PLC 7 judges that the workpiece is fixed well enough, if not, the interlocking program makes the spindle motor 5 unable to start, when the workpiece is fixed well, the spindle motor 5 is started to drive the first rotating shaft 6, further drives the fixed disk 10 to rotate, further drives the chuck base 11, the chuck sheath 12 and the chuck cover plate 22 to rotate, finally rotates the workpiece for processing, a temperature sensor, a rotating speed sensor and a vibration sensor are arranged on the spindle motor 5, the operation parameters of the main shaft motor 5 are uploaded to the PLC controller 7 in the operation process of the main shaft motor 5, the PLC controller 7 processes the main shaft motor 5 after analysis, relevant information is displayed on the liquid crystal display screen 9, if relevant alarm and fault exist, the PLC 7 carries out audio and video reminding and alarm through the liquid crystal display screen 9 and the voice module, and starts the corresponding alarm indicator lamp 4 and the corresponding fault indicator lamp 3.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an electric chuck accessory of numerical control lathe based on PLC control technique, includes box (1), its characterized in that: box (1) position cuboid form, inside are hollow structure, and the top of box (1) is fixed normal pilot lamp of operation (2), fault indicator lamp (3) and alarm indicator lamp (4) of being provided with respectively, is provided with main shaft drive mechanism, electric chuck mechanism and PLC control display mechanism on box (1), main shaft drive mechanism includes spindle motor (5), first pivot (6) and fixed disk (10), and box (1) bottom inner wall welding is provided with spindle motor (5), and the output and first pivot (6) welded connection of spindle motor (5) set up, free end top welded connection dish (10) of first pivot (6).

2. The numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the electric chuck mechanism comprises a chuck base (11), a chuck sheath (12), a fixing ring (13), screws (14), a limiting ring (15), a clamping seat (16), a rotary drum (17), a limiting column (18), a first gear (19), a rotary table (20), movable teeth (21), a chuck cover plate (22), a limiting rail (23), clamping jaws (24), a sliding rail (25), a movable groove (26), a second gear (27), a second rotating shaft (28) and a chuck motor (29), wherein the chuck base (11) is welded on the fixed disc (10), the fixing ring (13) is arranged at the top of the chuck base (11), a plurality of screws (14) are arranged on the fixing ring (13), the screws (14) longitudinally penetrate through the fixing ring (13) and are embedded into the chuck base (11), the limiting ring (15) is welded at the top of the fixing ring (13), and the radius of the limiting ring (15) is smaller than that of the fixing ring (13), chuck base (11) top is provided with cassette (16), it is spacing to fix cassette (16) by spacing ring (15), cassette (16) and solid fixed ring (13) rotate to be connected the setting, the top welding of cassette (16) sets up rotary drum (17), the top center department welding of chuck base (11) sets up spacing post (18), spacing post (18) vertically runs through rotary drum (17) and rotates with rotary drum (17) to be connected the setting, the top welding of rotary drum (17) sets up carousel (20), the bottom edge of carousel (20) is provided with first gear (19), outside cover between carousel (20) and chuck base (11) is equipped with chuck sheath (12), chuck sheath (12) are cylindric and the center is hollow structure, the outside of chuck sheath (12) is provided with chuck motor (29), the output welding of chuck motor (29) sets up second pivot (28), the free end level of second pivot (28) runs through chuck sheath (12) and extends to the bottom of carousel (20), the free end of second pivot (28) is provided with second gear (27), first gear (19) set up with second gear (27) meshing, the top welding of carousel (20) is provided with movable tooth (21), the top welding of chuck sheath (12) sets up chuck apron (22), spacing rail (23) have been seted up on chuck apron (22), set up jack catch (24) on chuck apron (22), slide rail (25) have been seted up to jack catch (24) both sides, the bottom of jack catch (24) is provided with a plurality of groups activity groove (26).

3. The numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: PLC control display mechanism includes PLC controller (7), connecting rod (8) and liquid crystal display (9), and the bottom inner wall of box (1) is fixed to be set up PLC controller (7), and the top outer wall of box (1) is fixed to set up liquid crystal display (9), and the top of PLC controller (7) is fixed to set up connecting rod (8), and the free end and the liquid crystal display (9) of connecting rod (8) are connected.

4. The numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: spindle motor (5) are three-phase asynchronous motor, are provided with temperature sensor, speed sensor and vibration sensor on the motor, and the signal input of sensor is to PLC control display mechanism, and normal pilot lamp (2), trouble pilot lamp (3) and warning pilot lamp (4) are switching value control and have PLC controller (7) to control its switching value.

5. The numerically controlled lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: spacing rail (23) sliding connection setting on both sides slide rail (25) of jack catch (24) and chuck apron (22), movable groove (26) that jack catch (24) top set up and movable tooth (21) sliding connection setting at carousel (20) top, and the top of jack catch (24) is provided with the irregular buckle of a plurality of groups, is provided with pressure sensor on jack catch (24), and movable tooth (21) are spiral structure.

6. The numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the radius of the clamping seat (16) is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixing ring (13), and the radius of the clamping seat (16) is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring (15).

7. The numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the first gears (19) are arranged on the bottom edge of the rotary table (20) in a uniform continuous annular array; the second gears (27) are arranged in a uniform continuous annular array at the free end of the second shaft (28).

8. The numerical control lathe electric chuck accessory based on the PLC control technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the inside of connecting rod (8) is hollow structure, and data line wears to be equipped with in the inside of connecting rod (8), and the output of PLC controller (7) and the input of liquid crystal display (9) are connected respectively at data line's both ends, and the inside of liquid crystal display (9) is provided with voice module.