CN114985672A - Preparation method of inorganic salt binder suitable for 3DP printing process and inorganic salt binder - Google Patents
Preparation method of inorganic salt binder suitable for 3DP printing process and inorganic salt binder Download PDFInfo
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- CN114985672A CN114985672A CN202210564649.0A CN202210564649A CN114985672A CN 114985672 A CN114985672 A CN 114985672A CN 202210564649 A CN202210564649 A CN 202210564649A CN 114985672 A CN114985672 A CN 114985672A
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical group O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 hydroxyl silicate carboxylate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Si] XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LNUDKRYFAFELDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O.OC(=O)C=C LNUDKRYFAFELDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/186—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents contaming ammonium or metal silicates, silica sols
- B22C1/188—Alkali metal silicates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
- B22C1/10—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for influencing the hardening tendency of the mould material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an inorganic salt binder suitable for a 3DP printing process and the inorganic salt binder. The inorganic salt binder comprises the following components: inorganic salt sodium salt, inorganic salt potassium salt, secondary distilled water, a waterproof agent, a dispergator, a defoaming agent and an organic dye. The inorganic salt binder fills the blank of inorganic water glass binder consumables applicable to 3D sand mold printing; the water loss rate of the modified sodium silicate binder is reduced, and the modified sodium silicate binder can be stably applied to 3D sand mold ink-jet printing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an inorganic salt binder suitable for a 3DP printing process and the inorganic salt binder.
Background
The water glass is used as a casting binder, and has the advantages of no color, no odor, no toxicity, no generation of irritant gas and toxic gas in the sand mixing, molding, pouring and shakeout processes and the like, so that the water glass is considered by many experts as a type of casting sand mold most likely to realize green clean production. Through the development of decades, although the material and the process level of the sodium silicate-bonded sand make great progress, the problem of the sodium silicate-bonded sand is not completely solved.
At present, the water glass sand has the defects of strong hygroscopicity, poor surface stability and the like, the development of the water glass sand in the casting industry is seriously hindered, and a plurality of serious problems are brought to the core making production of the water glass sand modeling. Because the moisture absorption problem of the sodium silicate sand causes serious casting defects such as sand falling, sand washing, rough surface and the like for castings, the poor moisture resistance becomes a key technology which needs to be solved by popularization and application of the sodium silicate in the casting industry.
The 3D printing technology of the domestic and foreign sand molds mainly uses furan resin as an adhesive which is mature and wide in relative application, accounts for 90% of the market, and the inorganic water glass adhesive is still in a blank state in China when being applied to 3D sand mold printing. Furan resin is mostly nitrogen-containing furan resin, but free formaldehyde exists in the furan resin, so that the odor is heavy, the nozzle is strong in corrosivity in the printing and casting processes, and cast steel, cast iron, cast aluminum and the like cannot be compatible; the aqueous inorganic salt binder is environment-friendly; the corrosion of the spray head is low; the foaming amount is low, and the printing and casting of cast steel, cast iron, cast aluminum parts and the like are completely compatible, and the binder represents the development trend of future binders.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a preparation method of an inorganic salt binder suitable for a 3DP printing process and the inorganic salt binder, so as to solve the problem that the inorganic salt binder is poor in moisture resistance.
The first aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of an inorganic salt binder suitable for a 3DP printing process, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, initially screening several grades of inorganic salt sodium salt and inorganic salt potassium salt for simultaneous blending to form mother liquor;
step 2, adding the water-based organic dye and the defoaming agent into the secondary distilled water, dissolving the water-based organic dye and the defoaming agent into the secondary distilled water, and fully stirring;
step 3, sequentially adding a debonder and a waterproofing agent, and continuously stirring uniformly;
step 4, adding the mother liquor obtained in the step 1, and fully stirring;
step 5, grinding in a vertical sand mill at a grinding temperature not higher than 45 ℃ for 30-60 min;
step 6, filtering by using a filter element;
wherein the order of step 1 and steps 2-3 can be interchanged.
Further, in step 1, the physical and chemical parameters of the inorganic salt sodium salt and the inorganic salt potassium salt are as follows:
the modulus of the sodium salt of the inorganic sodium silicate is 2.0 to 4.8, the viscosity is 10 to 60CPS, the surface tension is 50 to 60nN/m, and the PH is 11 to 12;
the inorganic water glass has a potassium salt modulus of 2.7-4.8, a viscosity of 40-60CPS, a surface tension of 50-60nN/m and a pH of 11-12.
Further, in step 2, the water-based organic dye is one of indigo blue and magenta; the defoaming agent is 1-2 kinds of non-silicon aqueous defoaming agents.
Further, in the step 3, the dispergator is one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol and ethylene glycol; the water-proofing agent is hydroxyl silicate carboxylate and nano-level silane.
Further, in step 5, the vertical sand mill uses 0.3MM zirconium oxide beads, the zirconium bead filling rate is 75-80%, the zirconium beads are ground by the vertical sand mill to obtain an initial binder product, and the initial binder product is filtered by the 1-micron PP cotton filter element in step 6 to obtain a final binder product.
The second aspect of the invention provides an inorganic salt binder suitable for a 3DP printing process, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: inorganic salt sodium salt A20%, inorganic salt sodium salt B25%, inorganic salt potassium salt A15%, inorganic salt potassium salt B18%, secondary distilled water 8%, water-proofing agent 8%, dispergator 5.5%, defoaming agent 5-8% and organic dye 2%.
Further, the inorganic salt sodium salt A is SiO2:28NaO 8 with a modulus of 3.5, the inorganic salt sodium salt B is SiO2:19NaO 4 with a modulus of 4.75, the inorganic salt potassium salt A is SiO2:25K2O:12 with a modulus of 2.08, and the inorganic salt potassium salt B is SiO2:18K2O:5 with a modulus of 3.5.
The third aspect of the invention provides a curing agent for inorganic salt binder, including but not limited to one or more of acrylic acid carbonate and PC compounds.
Furthermore, a non-silicon aqueous defoaming agent and a nano solvent type waterproof agent are added into the curing agent, and the nano solvent type waterproof agent is a fluorine polymer.
The fourth aspect of the invention provides an application of an inorganic salt binder in preparing a casting sand mold by 3DP printing equipment, wherein the usage amount of the inorganic salt binder accounts for 2.5-8% of the weight of sand, the curing agent accounts for 3-6ML/kg, 3-6g of inorganic ceramic collapsing agent is added, printing and molding are carried out, and the mixture is dried for 30-120min at the temperature of 150 ℃ after curing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the blank of inorganic water glass binder consumables applicable to 3D sand mold printing is filled;
2. the water loss rate of the modified sodium silicate binder is reduced, and the modified sodium silicate binder can be stably applied to 3D sand mold ink-jet printing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more apparent to those skilled in the art, the following examples are given for illustration. It should be noted that the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention.
The starting materials, reagents or apparatuses used in the following examples are conventionally commercially available or can be obtained by conventionally known methods, unless otherwise specified.
This example provides a method of preparing an inorganic salt binder suitable for use in a 3DP printing process,
step 1, initially screening several grades of inorganic salt sodium salt and inorganic salt potassium salt for simultaneous blending to form mother liquor;
step 2, adding a water-based organic dye and a defoaming agent into the secondary distilled water, dissolving the water-based organic dye and the defoaming agent into the secondary distilled water, and fully stirring;
step 3, sequentially adding a debonder and a waterproofing agent, and continuously stirring uniformly;
step 4, adding the mother liquor obtained in the step 1, and fully stirring;
step 5, grinding in a vertical sand mill at a grinding temperature not higher than 45 ℃ for 30-60 min;
step 6, filtering by using a filter element;
wherein the order of step 1 and steps 2-3 can be interchanged.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: 1. the physicochemical parameters of the initially screened inorganic salt binder are strictly controlled:
sodium salt modulus of inorganic water glass: 2.0-4.8; viscosity of 10-60CPS, surface tension: 50-60nN/m, PH 11-12;
modulus of inorganic water glass potassium salt: 2.7-4.8; viscosity 40-60CPS, surface tension: 50-60nN/m, PH 11-12.
2. At present, no inorganic salt binder meeting the modulus required by 3DP exists in the market, so that the initial inorganic salt binder meeting the requirement needs to be prepared by reasonable calculation and simultaneously prepared by several grades of inorganic salts (including sodium salt and potassium salt) to form a mother solution;
3. inorganic salt is colorless transparent liquid, and color matching is needed, so that water-based organic dye is needed to be added: one of indigo, magenta, and the like;
4. defoaming agent: 1-2 non-silicon aqueous defoaming agents are used for quickly eliminating bubbles and reducing surface tension;
5. the debonder is one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol and ethylene glycol, and is used for adjusting the polarity of the resin and solving the problem of resin crystal precipitation;
6. water-proofing agent: hydroxy silicon carboxylate salts, silanes (nanoscale), use: the wetting effect of the spray head is enhanced, the volatilization of the resin of the spray head is relieved, and the spray head is prevented from being blocked;
7. and secondarily distilling water to adjust the viscosity and the conductivity.
8. The equipment used was: a vertical sand mill, 0.3MM zirconia beads, and a zirconium bead filling rate of 75-80%.
9. The technical route is as follows: the water-based dye and the defoaming agent are firstly dissolved in the secondary distilled water and fully stirred, the debonding agent and the waterproofing agent are sequentially added and are continuously stirred uniformly, and finally, the inorganic salt mother liquor (potassium salt and sodium salt) is added, and after full stirring, the mixture enters a vertical sand mill for grinding, wherein the purpose of grinding is as follows: the common stirring can not completely dissolve the water-based organic dye, the defoaming agent, the dispergator, the waterproofing agent and the like, can not well play a role in homogenization, and can only play a good role in homogenization through a high linear speed of a sand mill. And controlling the grinding temperature not to exceed 45 ℃, and grinding for 30-60min, and detecting the physical and chemical parameters of the inorganic salt binder in the process. Finally obtaining the binder initial product.
10. Filtering the initial binder by a filter element with the diameter of 1 mu m, and obtaining a final binder product by using PP cotton, and detecting physical and chemical parameters.
The embodiment provides an inorganic salt binder suitable for a 3DP printing process, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: inorganic salt sodium salt A (SiO2:28NaO:8 modulus 3.5) 20% + inorganic salt sodium salt B (SiO2:19NaO:4 modulus 4.75) 25% + inorganic salt potassium salt A (SiO2:25K2O:12 modulus 2.08) 15% + inorganic salt potassium salt B (SiO2:18K2O:5 modulus 3.5) 18% + secondary distilled water 8% + water repellent + 8% + dispergator 5.5% + defoaming agent 5-8 ‰ + organic dye 2 ‰.
The inorganic salt binder meets the following physical and chemical technical indexes:
inorganic water glass binder control index
This example provides a curing agent for inorganic salt binders, preferably a curing agent: one or more of acrylic acid carbonate, PC compounds and the like, wherein a non-silicon water-based defoaming agent and a nano solvent type waterproof agent are added into a curing agent, and the nano solvent type waterproof agent is a fluorine polymer.
The curing agent meets the following physical and chemical technical indexes:
control index of water glass binder curing agent
Technical requirements of inorganic binder for 3DP binder jetting
The preparation method of the inorganic salt binder and the inorganic salt binder have the beneficial effects that the blank of inorganic water glass binder consumables applicable to 3D sand mold printing is filled; the water loss rate of the modified water glass binder is reduced, and the modified water glass binder can be stably applied to 3D sand mold ink-jet printing; the physicochemical parameter control standard of the water glass binder is standardized, and the ink-jet state stability of the binder and the adaptability of a spray head are improved; the successful operation of inorganic water glass binders is to aid in the establishment of relevant industry standards.
The curing agent for the inorganic salt binder has the beneficial effects that the problem of moisture absorption of the curing agent under different humiture is relieved through modification of the curing agent, and the reutilization rate of sand is improved; the size precision of the sand mold is improved by modifying the curing agent; different solidification rates can be selected in a targeted manner by modifying the curing agent according to different casting requirements so as to achieve the best casting effect; and a standardized file is established for the physical and chemical parameters of the curing agent, so that the technical support output required by different castings is improved.
On the other hand, the standardization work of the physical and chemical parameters of the existing inorganic water glass binder comprises the following index control points: viscosity, surface tension, conductivity, pH value, NaO content, SiO2 content, modulus, soluble substance content, water content, and stability of consumable material (water loss thickening colloid solidification) under different temperature and humidity environments.
The standard work of the physical and chemical parameters of the existing curing agent comprises the following index control points: viscosity, surface tension, conductivity, pH value, stability of consumables (viscosity, surface tension and other changes caused by moisture absorption) in different temperature and humidity environments, proportion relation between adjustment of component proportion of curing agent and curing rate of sand mold and the like.
The inorganic water glass binder with different types is used for system adjustment, physical and chemical parameters are further controlled, standardized work is formed, and meanwhile, the corrosivity of the spray head is considered.
The invention comprehensively considers the optimal selection of the formula of the inorganic sodium silicate binder, the production sand and the curing agent, and provides the application of the inorganic salt binder in the preparation of a casting sand mold by 3DP printing equipment, wherein the optimal proportion selection of the inorganic sodium silicate binder, the production sand and the curing agent is as follows: 2.5-8% of inorganic salt binder (accounting for the weight of the sand), 3-6ML/kg of sand as curing agent and 3-6g of inorganic ceramic collapsing agent (white carbon black and other components), printing and forming, drying at 150 ℃ for 30-120min after curing, wherein the tensile strength can reach 1.5-2.0MPa, the gas evolution can reach 10-13ML/g, and the inorganic salt binder can be used for casting stainless steel, alloy, iron and aluminum.
The inorganic water glass binder, the curing agent and the molding sand have the beneficial effects that: according to the characteristics of the molding sand, the inorganic water glass binder and the curing agent are modified by fully combining the change of temperature and humidity, so that the excessive dehydration of the inorganic water glass and the moisture absorption of the curing agent are greatly relieved, the optimal formula combination is provided for different castings, the problem of casting defects is relieved and solved, and data support is provided for technical service output.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an inorganic salt binder suitable for a 3DP printing process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, initially screening several grades of inorganic salt sodium salt and inorganic salt potassium salt for simultaneous blending to form mother liquor;
step 2, adding a water-based organic dye and a defoaming agent into the secondary distilled water, dissolving the water-based organic dye and the defoaming agent into the secondary distilled water, and fully stirring;
step 3, sequentially adding a debonder and a waterproofing agent, and continuously stirring uniformly;
step 4, adding the mother liquor obtained in the step 1, and fully stirring;
step 5, grinding in a vertical sand mill at a grinding temperature not higher than 45 ℃ for 30-60 min;
step 6, filtering by using a filter element;
wherein the order of step 1 and steps 2-3 can be interchanged.
2. The method for preparing the inorganic salt binder suitable for the 3DP printing process according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the physical and chemical parameters of the inorganic salt sodium salt and the inorganic salt potassium salt are as follows:
the modulus of the sodium salt of the inorganic sodium silicate is 2.0 to 4.8, the viscosity is 10 to 60CPS, the surface tension is 50 to 60nN/m, and the PH is 11 to 12;
the inorganic water glass has a potassium salt modulus of 2.7-4.8, a viscosity of 40-60CPS, a surface tension of 50-60nN/m and a pH of 11-12.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, the water-based organic dye is one of indigo and magenta; the defoaming agent is 1-2 kinds of non-silicon aqueous defoaming agents.
4. The method for preparing the inorganic salt binder suitable for the 3DP printing process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the dispergator is one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol and ethylene glycol; the water-proofing agent is hydroxyl silicate carboxylate and nano-level silane.
5. The method for preparing the inorganic salt binder suitable for the 3DP printing process according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, a vertical sand mill uses 0.3MM zirconium oxide beads, the zirconium bead filling rate is 75-80%, the initial binder product is obtained after grinding by the vertical sand mill, and then the initial binder product is filtered by a1 μm PP cotton filter element in step 6, so as to obtain the final binder product.
6. An inorganic salt binder suitable for a 3DP printing process is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: inorganic salt sodium salt A20%, inorganic salt sodium salt B25%, inorganic salt potassium salt A15%, inorganic salt potassium salt B18%, secondary distilled water 8%, water-proofing agent 8%, dispergator 5.5%, defoaming agent 5-8% and organic dye 2%.
7. The inorganic salt binder suitable for use in a 3DP printing process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sodium salt A of the inorganic salt is SiO2:28NaO:8 with a modulus of 3.5, the sodium salt B of the inorganic salt is SiO2:19NaO:4 with a modulus of 4.75, the potassium salt A of the inorganic salt is SiO2:25K2O:12 with a modulus of 2.08, and the potassium salt B of the inorganic salt is SiO2:18K2O:5 with a modulus of 3.5.
8. A curing agent for the inorganic salt binder suitable for 3DP printing process according to claim 6 or 7, which includes but is not limited to one or more of acrylic carbonate, PC-based compound.
9. The curing agent according to claim 8, wherein the curing agent contains a non-silicon water-based defoaming agent and a nano-solvent-based water repellent agent, and the nano-solvent-based water repellent agent is a fluorine-based polymer.
10. The application of the inorganic salt binder in the preparation of the casting sand mold by 3DP printing equipment is characterized in that the usage amount of the inorganic salt binder accounts for 2.5-8% of the weight of sand, the curing agent accounts for 3-6ML/kg, 3-6g of inorganic ceramic collapsing agent is added, the printing molding is carried out, and the drying is carried out for 30-120min at the temperature of 150 ℃ after the curing.
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