CN114984488A - Automatic fire extinguishing method and system for energy storage battery module - Google Patents
Automatic fire extinguishing method and system for energy storage battery module Download PDFInfo
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- CN114984488A CN114984488A CN202210706861.6A CN202210706861A CN114984488A CN 114984488 A CN114984488 A CN 114984488A CN 202210706861 A CN202210706861 A CN 202210706861A CN 114984488 A CN114984488 A CN 114984488A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
- A62C13/76—Details or accessories
- A62C13/78—Suspending or supporting devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/03—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing adjustable, e.g. from spray to jet or vice versa
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
- A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage battery fire extinguishing, and discloses an automatic fire extinguishing method and system for an energy storage battery module; the system, comprising: a fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder; an energy storage battery module; the energy storage battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of batteries arranged on the shell; a plurality of temperature detectors, a plurality of smoke detectors and a spray head are arranged in the shell; the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder is connected with the spray head through a fire pipeline of the flow control meter to be controlled; and the control terminal is connected with the flow controller, the temperature detector, the smoke detector and the sprayer and is used for controlling the flow controller and the sprayer to automatically extinguish the fire-fighting unit out of control in the energy storage battery module when a fire disaster happens according to the monitoring data of the temperature detector and the smoke detector. The invention can realize real-time and accurate control of fire extinguishing of the fire extinguishing system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage battery fire extinguishing, and particularly relates to an automatic fire extinguishing method and system for an energy storage battery module.
Background
The accumulated electrochemical energy storage loading capacity continuously and steadily rises along with the demand, but the safety problem of the electrochemical energy storage system is not neglected while the electrochemical energy storage system is rapidly developed, and the current commonly used electrochemical energy storage system, such as a lithium ion battery energy storage system, has potential safety hazard and cannot essentially ensure the use safety. There are also cases where the lithium ion battery energy storage system fires and explodes, causing the firefighter to sacrifice it. Research shows that the energy storage battery thermal runaway combustion fire has stage characteristic change, namely the process of slow combustion → jet flow fire → gradual extinguishment of flame with slow combustion is carried out, for example, the position of the battery thermal runaway fire can be positioned, the fire intensity can be qualitatively and quantitatively determined, or the large-scale fire can be avoided by timely extinguishing the fire at the initial stage of the thermal runaway of the battery.
The fire extinguishing system in the current lithium ion battery energy storage system mostly adopts heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishing agent, and heptafluoropropane can be sprayed in the whole battery chamber or container when a temperature-sensitive or smoke-sensitive detector in the system detects abnormal data, so that open fire can be extinguished through the functions of isolating oxygen by heptafluoropropane gas and chemically inhibiting. However, the method does not spray the battery module on the ignition point or the thermal runaway, so that a large amount of fire extinguishing agent is needed, the fire extinguishing efficiency is reduced, heat transfer is easy, a large-scale fire is caused, the control of the fire is not facilitated, and the safety of the energy storage system is difficult to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic fire extinguishing method and system for an energy storage battery module, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing fire extinguishing system is high in fire extinguishing agent consumption and the safety of an energy storage system is difficult to guarantee.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an automatic fire suppression system for an energy storage battery module, comprising:
a fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder;
an energy storage battery module; the energy storage battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of batteries arranged on the shell; a plurality of temperature detectors, a plurality of smoke detectors and a spray head are arranged in the shell; the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder is connected with the spray head through a fire pipeline of the flow control meter to be controlled;
and the control terminal is connected with the flow controller, the temperature detector, the smoke detector and the sprayer and is used for controlling the flow controller and the sprayer to automatically extinguish the fire-fighting unit out of control in the energy storage battery module when a fire disaster happens according to the monitoring data of the temperature detector and the smoke detector.
The invention further improves the following steps: the energy storage battery module comprises a plurality of fire fighting units which are regularly arranged;
the top of each fire fighting unit is provided with a temperature-sensitive detector;
a plurality of fire fighting units share one smoke detector.
The invention further improves the following steps: the energy storage battery module comprises N fire-fighting units which are regularly arranged; n is an integral multiple of 4;
the top of each fire fighting unit is provided with a temperature-sensitive detector;
a smoke detector is arranged at the top of an area consisting of 4 fire-fighting units;
a spray head is arranged in the shell.
The invention further improves the following steps: the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder is stored with a gas fire extinguishing agent.
The invention further improves the following steps: the storage capacity of the fire extinguishing agent stored in the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder is less than 80% of the volume of the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder.
The invention further improves the following steps: and a pressure reducing valve is arranged at the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder.
The invention further improves the following steps: the control terminal is used for judging whether a fire disaster occurs or not according to the fire disaster criterion, and if not, no action is performed; and if so, controlling the flow controller and automatically extinguishing the energy storage battery module by the spray head.
The invention further improves the following steps: the fire criterion is specifically as follows:
wherein, P is a criterion parameter for whether a fire disaster occurs; lambda [ alpha ] 1 Is a temperature weight factor; t is max The maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 2 Is a temperature difference weight factor; delta T max The maximum temperature difference in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 3 Is a temperature rate of change weight factor;
the maximum temperature change rate in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃/min; lambda [ alpha ] 4 Triggering a weight factor for the smoke sensation; b is a smoke sensation trigger factor;
and judging fire triggering when P is more than 5.
The invention further improves the following steps: control flow control takes into account that the shower nozzle carries out automatic fire extinguishing to energy storage battery module, specifically includes:
the control terminal calls a smoke signal detected by the smoke detector, roughly judges the thermal runaway battery location according to the smoke triggering sequence, further calls a temperature signal detected by the temperature detector, judges the fire fighting unit where the thermal runaway battery is located according to the position criterion, obtains the corresponding fire fighting unit coordinate, controls the direction change of the spray head to be aligned with the corresponding fire fighting unit, and controls the flow control meter to automatically extinguish the fire for the corresponding fire fighting unit according to the fire extinguishing agent release rate obtained by calculation.
The invention further improves the following steps: the position criterion is specifically:
wherein epsilon 1 Is a smoke sensation position coefficient; p Smoke sensation Whether the fire fighting unit triggers the smoke sensing coverage area firstly is 1 or 0; epsilon 2 The highest temperature position coefficient; p Tmax Whether the temperature of the fire fighting unit is the highest temperature is 1 or 0; epsilon 3 The highest temperature change rate coefficient;
judging whether the temperature change rate of the fire fighting unit is the highest, if so, judging that the temperature change rate is 1, and if not, judging that the temperature change rate is 0;
and the fire fighting unit with the maximum P1 value is the fire fighting unit with the thermal runaway.
The invention further improves the following steps: the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by calculating the following method:
calculating the heat release rate HRR, and calculating the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent according to the heat release rate HRR;
HRR＝0.28×T-59.9
wherein, HRR is the heat release rate of battery thermal runaway fire, unit KW; t is the maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module, in units of ℃.
The invention further improves the following steps: the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by the following steps:
when HRR is less than or equal to 0, the corresponding relation between the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is as follows:
v＝η 1 e -n*HRR
wherein v is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent and is unit kg/min; eta 1 Is a weight factor, and n is a correction factor;
when HRR is more than 0, the corresponding relation between the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is as follows:
v＝η×HRR+β
wherein eta is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent required by the unit HRR; beta is a safety factor;
the invention further improves the following steps: also comprises a reburning inhibitor steel cylinder (500);
the re-ignition inhibitor steel cylinder (500) is stored with re-ignition inhibitor;
the outlet of the restrike inhibitor steel cylinder (500) is connected with the spray head through a fire-fighting pipeline with a flow control meter (402).
The invention further improves the following steps: the afterburning inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-48 parts of perfluoroketone substance, 0.5-15.5 parts of perfluoropolyether substance, 0.3-28 parts of perfluoroalkyl ether substance and 0.7-16 parts of perfluoropolyalkyl ether substance.
The invention further improves the following steps: the perfluoroketone is CF 3 CF 2 C(O)CF(CF 3 ) 2 、(CF) 2 CFC(O)CF(CF 3 ) 2 And (CF) 3 ) 3 CC(O)C(CF 3 ) 3 One or more of them.
The invention further improves the following steps: said perfluoropolyether material comprises
Wherein m is any positive integer between 10 and 100.
The invention further improves the following steps: the perfluoroalkyl ether substance is CF 3 CF 2 —O—CF 3 And CF 3 CF 2 —O—CF 2 CF 3 One or two of them.
The invention further improves the following steps: said perfluoropolyalkyl ether having a structure comprising
Wherein n1 is any positive integer between 8 and 70; n2 is any positive integer between 8-70.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for automatically extinguishing a fire for an energy storage battery module, comprising:
monitoring temperature and smoke signals sent by a temperature detection network and a smoke detection network in the energy storage battery module in real time, and judging whether a fire disaster occurs according to the temperature and smoke signals;
determining a fire fighting unit with thermal runaway in the energy storage battery module after the occurrence of fire is judged;
according to the coordinate position of the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit, calculating the heat release rate HRR of the thermal runaway battery, calculating the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent according to the heat release rate HRR, and controlling the fire extinguishing agent to spray to the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit according to the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent to extinguish a fire.
The invention further improves the following steps: in the step of monitoring the temperature and smoke signals sent by the temperature detection network and the smoke detection network in the energy storage battery module in real time, the energy storage battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of batteries arranged on the shell;
the energy storage battery module comprises a plurality of fire fighting units which are regularly arranged; the top of each fire fighting unit is provided with a temperature-sensitive detector; a plurality of fire fighting units share one smoke detector; all the temperature-sensitive detectors form a temperature detection network; all smoke detectors form a smoke detection network.
The invention further improves the following steps: judging whether a fire disaster occurs according to the temperature and the smoke signal, wherein the fire disaster occurs is judged according to the fire disaster;
the fire criterion is specifically as follows:
wherein, P is a criterion parameter for whether a fire disaster occurs; lambda [ alpha ] 1 Is a temperature weight factor; t is max The maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 2 Is a temperature difference weight factor; delta T max The maximum temperature difference in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 3 Is a temperature rate of change weight factor;
the maximum temperature change rate in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃/min; lambda [ alpha ] 4 Triggering a weight factor for the smoke sensation; b is a smoke sensation trigger factor;
and judging fire triggering when P is more than 5.
The invention further improves the following steps: in the step of determining the fire fighting unit with thermal runaway in the energy storage battery module after the fire disaster is judged, determining the fire fighting unit with thermal runaway in the energy storage battery module according to the position criterion;
the position criterion is specifically:
wherein epsilon 1 Is a smoke sensation position coefficient; p Smoke sensation Whether the fire fighting unit triggers the smoke sensing coverage area firstly is 1 or not, and whether the smoke sensing coverage area is 0 or not is judged; epsilon 2 The highest temperature position coefficient; p Tmax Whether the temperature of the fire fighting unit is the highest temperature is 1 or 0; epsilon 3 The highest temperature change rate coefficient;
judging whether the temperature change rate of the fire fighting unit is the highest, if so, judging that the value is 1, and if not, judging that the value is 0;
the fire fighting unit with the maximum P1 value is the fire fighting unit with thermal runaway.
The invention further improves the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of calculating the heat release rate HRR of a thermal runaway battery according to the coordinate position of a thermal runaway fire-fighting unit, calculating the release rate v of a fire extinguishing agent according to the heat release rate HRR, and controlling the fire extinguishing agent to be sprayed to the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit according to the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent to extinguish fire, wherein the heat release rate HRR is obtained by the following common formula:
HRR＝0.28×T-59.9
wherein, HRR is the heat release rate of battery thermal runaway fire, unit KW; t is the maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module, in units of ℃.
The invention further improves the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of calculating the heat release rate HRR of a thermal runaway battery according to the coordinate position of a thermal runaway fire-fighting unit, calculating the release rate v of a fire extinguishing agent according to the heat release rate HRR, and controlling the fire extinguishing agent to be sprayed to the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit according to the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent to extinguish fire, wherein the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent is obtained through the following steps:
when the HRR is less than or equal to 0, the corresponding relation between the release rate v of the extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is as follows:
v＝η 1 e -n*HRR
wherein v is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent and is unit kg/min; eta 1 Is a weight factor, and n is a correction factor;
when HRR is more than 0, the corresponding relation between the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is as follows:
v＝η×HRR+β
wherein η is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent per HRR requirement; beta is a safety factor.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the method for automatic fire suppression for an energy storage battery module.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon at least one instruction that, when executed by a processor, performs a method of self-extinguishing a fire for an energy storage battery module as described.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an automatic fire extinguishing method and system for an energy storage battery module, wherein the energy storage battery module is divided into a plurality of fire fighting units which are regularly distributed; a temperature detector and a smoke detector are arranged on the energy storage battery module; whether a fire disaster happens can be judged by utilizing the monitoring data of the temperature-sensitive detector and the smoke-sensitive detector; the fire fighting unit with thermal runaway can be accurately judged after a fire disaster happens, the position of the thermal runaway battery is roughly judged by further calculation according to the smoke sensing triggering sequence, the temperature signal detected by the temperature sensing detector is further called, the fire fighting unit with the thermal runaway battery is judged by utilizing the position criterion, the coordinates of the corresponding fire fighting unit are obtained, the direction change of a spray head is controlled to be aligned to the corresponding fire fighting unit, and the flow control meter is controlled to automatically extinguish the fire of the corresponding fire fighting unit according to the extinguishing agent release rate obtained by calculation.
The invention combines the structure of the lithium ion battery module of the energy storage system and the distribution of the batteries, establishes a blocking and accurate control real-time fire extinguishing method based on the energy storage battery module, realizes the state evaluation and intelligent positioning of the thermal runaway battery, establishes a thermal release rate estimation method in the thermal runaway process of the battery based on the corresponding relation between the thermal release rate and the surface temperature in the thermal runaway process of the lithium ion battery, controls the spray rate of the fire extinguishing agent in real time based on the thermal release rate, and realizes the real-time and accurate control of the fire extinguishing system. The problems that the fire battery of the energy storage system is difficult to locate and the injection amount of the fire extinguishing agent cannot be controlled are solved. The solution is provided for quick positioning and accurate fire fighting of the fire battery after the fire of the electrochemical energy storage system occurs. Compared with the prior art, the battery state judgment is more direct, the control of the spraying direction and the using amount of the fire extinguishing agent is more accurate, the real-time control can be realized, and the method can be popularized to different lithium ion battery energy storage systems.
The invention can give consideration to the positioning of the thermal runaway battery, the control of the spraying direction of the fire extinguishing agent and the real-time control of the spraying amount of the fire extinguishing agent. The checking efficiency of the thermal runaway battery is improved by positioning the thermal runaway battery; through the control of the spraying direction of the fire extinguishing agent, the gas fire extinguishing agent directly acts on the thermal runaway battery, and the fire extinguishing effect of the fire extinguishing agent is improved. Through the state of the thermal runaway battery and the real-time control of the spraying rate of the fire extinguishing agent, the using efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent is improved, and the problems that the fire battery of an energy storage system is difficult to locate and the spraying amount of the fire extinguishing agent cannot be controlled are solved. The solution is provided for quick positioning and accurate fire fighting of the fire battery after the fire of the electrochemical energy storage system occurs. And technical support is provided for long-term safe operation of the energy storage system. Compared with the prior art, the method can judge the heat release amount of the battery, control the spraying direction and the using amount of the fire extinguishing agent more accurately, control the fire extinguishing agent in real time and popularize the fire extinguishing agent in different lithium ion battery energy storage systems.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an energy storage battery module according to the present invention; wherein (a) is a top cross-sectional view; (b) is a front sectional view; (c) is a side sectional view;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an automatic fire extinguishing system for an energy storage battery module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a fully automatic composite showerhead of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of an automatic fire extinguishing method for an energy storage battery module according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the change in heat release rate HRR with battery temperature in a lithium ion battery thermal runaway fire;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an automatic fire extinguishing system for an energy storage battery module according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further details of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.
The energy storage battery module includes a housing and a plurality of batteries 200 mounted to the housing. Based on the analysis of flame development, temperature distribution and flue gas dispersion process in the thermal runaway process of the lithium ion battery body, the invention utilizes the existing temperature and smoke sensing detection equipment, combines the structure and the internal space distribution of the energy storage battery module, refines each battery module into 8 fire-fighting units and numbers the fire-fighting units, and respectively coordinates each fire-fighting unit, namely a first fire-fighting unit 1, a second fire-fighting unit 2, a third fire-fighting unit 3, a fourth fire-fighting unit 4, a fifth fire-fighting unit 5, a sixth fire-fighting unit 6, a seventh fire-fighting unit 7 and an eighth fire-fighting unit 8, wherein the length and the width of each battery module and the distance from an upper cover 100 to a battery 200 are respectively defined as 8m, 4n and h as shown in figure 1. The upper cover of the battery module is rectangular, and a coordinate system is established by taking the central point of the upper cover of the battery module as a center; the x axis is the length direction of the upper cover; the y axis is the width direction of the upper cover; the z-axis is the height direction of the upper cover, and the vertical direction of the z-axis is defined as positive; the top central point of fire control module is the coordinate of corresponding fire control module, and the coordinate of first fire unit 1 to eighth fire unit 8 is respectively: (3m, n, h), (3m, -n, h), (m, -n, h), (-m, -n, h), (-3m, -n, h).
According to the sensitivities of the smoke detector 301 and the temperature detector 302 and the coordinates of the fire fighting module, two smoke detectors 301 are arranged at (2m,0,0) and (-2m,0,0) positions in the battery module; temperature detectors 302 are disposed at the upper canopy locations of each of the fire fighting units, namely (3m, n,0), (-3m, n,0), (3m, -n,0), (-m, -n,0), and (-3m, -n, 0). The smoke detector 301 is used for preliminary judgment of the fire state of the battery and rough estimation of the position of the thermal runaway battery; the temperature detector 302 can form an evaluation of a temperature field in the battery module after the smoke alarm, so as to accurately judge the temperature state of the battery in each area in the battery module, accurately position the fire fighting unit where the thermal runaway battery is located and obtain the coordinates of the fire fighting unit, and thus realize the evaluation of the state of the battery module and the accurate positioning of the thermal runaway battery.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides an automatic fire extinguishing system for an energy storage battery module, comprising:
the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 400, a pressure reducing valve 401, a flow control meter 402, a temperature detector 302, a smoke detector 301, a fire fighting pipeline, a full-automatic composite spray nozzle 303 and a control terminal 300. The fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 400 is connected with the full-automatic composite nozzle 303 through a fire-fighting pipeline 500; a pressure reducing valve 401 and a flow control meter 402 are installed on the fire fighting pipeline; the pressure reducing valve 401 and the flow rate controller 402 are connected to the control terminal 300.
In order to achieve the fire extinguishing function, the automatic fire extinguishing system preferably adopts a gas fire extinguishing agent.
In the present system, the fire suppressant cylinder 400 is used to store a gaseous fire suppressant; the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 400 is equipped with a pressure reducing valve 401 and a flow rate control meter 402, and the safety and controllability of the fire extinguishing agent spraying process are ensured by connecting the pressure reducing valve 401 and the flow rate control meter 402. The volume of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 400 is determined by the size of the battery module; the storage capacity of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 400 is not more than 80% of the volume of the steel cylinder; the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 400 is suspended and fixed by a height-adjustable bracket and is discharged from the top. The pressure reducing valve 401 is used for controlling the outflow pressure of the fire extinguishing agent gas in the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 400 and preventing the flow controller 402 from being influenced by overhigh pressure; the flow control meter 402 is used for controlling the spraying flow of the fire extinguishing meter, has flow monitoring and controlling functions, and can transmit fire extinguishing agent flow data to the control terminal 300 for real-time control.
The fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 400 is connected with the full-automatic composite nozzle 303 through a stainless steel fire-fighting pipeline.
The full-automatic composite spray head 303 can realize the change of the spray direction of the fire extinguishing agent so as to realize the accurate spray fire extinguishing of the thermal runaway battery.
The temperature-sensing detector 302 is mounted on the lower surface of the housing upper cover 100 and faces the battery 200 to form a temperature detection network. The smoke detector 301 is mounted on the lower surface of the upper cover 100, facing the battery 200, and is used for detecting smoke signals. The battery module is divided into eight fire-fighting units, 1 temperature-sensitive detector 302 is arranged right above each module, and 8 temperature-sensitive sensors are arranged in total; every 4 modules are equipped with 1 smoke detector 301 for a total of 2 smoke sensors. Based on this temperature and smoke are felt and are arranged, can carry out accurate location to whether the conflagration takes place, conflagration battery position to according to the temperature to carry out the aassessment to fire intensity, further control fire extinguishing agent release amount.
The control terminal 300 has the following working procedures: the temperature-sensing detector 302 and the smoke-sensing detector 301 detect that temperature and smoke signals are fed back to the control terminal 300, the control terminal 300 judges whether a fire disaster occurs or not according to the received temperature and smoke signals, if the fire disaster does not occur, no action is performed, the smoke-sensing signals are called, the thermal runaway battery zone bit is roughly judged according to the smoke-sensing triggering sequence, the temperature signals are further called, the fire fighting unit where the thermal runaway battery is located is judged by utilizing the position criterion, the corresponding fire fighting unit coordinates are obtained, and the control terminal 300 controls the position change of the full-automatic composite spray nozzle 303 to be aligned to the corresponding fire fighting unit. The temperature data is monitored in real time, the control terminal 300 judges the spraying flow rate of the fire extinguishing agent based on a heat release rate HRR prediction model of a temperature field, the control terminal 300 sprays the fire extinguishing agent according to the corresponding flow rate through a pressure reducing valve 301 and a flow control meter 302, the temperature is monitored in real time, and the flow rate of the fire extinguishing agent is controlled in real time according to the calculated heat release rate.
Referring to fig. 3, in one specific embodiment, the fully automatic composite spraying head 303 includes a turntable base 3031, a turntable 3032, a nozzle 3033, a first motor 3034 and a second motor 3036.
The upper surface of the upper cover 100 is fixed with a nozzle support 600; the showerhead holder 600 may be a hermetic case as needed to ensure the hermeticity of the entire battery module; the showerhead holder 600 may also be a conventional holder in cases where a hermetic seal is not required. The rotary table base 3031 is fixed on the collision head bracket 600, and the fire-fighting pipeline 500 is introduced into the rotary table base 3031; the rotary table 3032 is in a hollow cylindrical shape, and the rotary table 3032 is rotatably arranged on the rotary table base 3031; the connection between the base 3031 and the swivel 3032 is made by the first quick coupling 701, so that the fire extinguishing agent in the fire fighting pipeline 500 can enter the swivel 3032 without affecting the flow of the fire extinguishing agent during the rotation of the swivel 3032. The head holder 600 is provided with a first motor 3034, the first motor 3034 is engaged with a circle of external gears on the outer periphery of the rotary plate 3032 through a driving gear 3035 mounted on an output shaft, and the rotation angle of the rotary plate 3032 can be controlled by controlling the rotation of the first motor 3034.
The nozzle 3033 is Y-shaped, and the nozzle 3033 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the rotary disc 3032; the connection between the nozzles 3033 and the rotary table 3032 is made by the second quick coupling 702, so that the fire extinguishing agent in the fire fighting pipeline 500 can enter the rotary table 3032, and can enter the nozzles 3033 from the rotary table 3032, so that the nozzles 3033 spray from the nozzles 3033 in a direction beyond the specified discharge direction, and the flow of the fire extinguishing agent is not influenced during the rotation of the rotary table 3032 and the nozzles 3033. The spray head bracket 600 is provided with a second motor 3034, the second motor 3034 is connected with a rotating shaft of the spray nozzle 3033, and the second motor 3034 can drive the spray nozzle 3033 to rotate around a rotary disc 3032 by rotating. The rotation axis of the rotary plate 3032 is arranged perpendicular to the rotation axis of the nozzle 3033, and by controlling the rotation angles of the rotary plate 3032 and the nozzle 3033, the nozzle 3033 can be controlled to be aligned with any coordinate in the housing. The structure of the full-automatic composite spray head 303 is similar to that of a monitoring camera, and a first motor 3034 and a second motor 3036 are connected with a control terminal 300; after the control terminal 300 determines the coordinates of the thermal runaway fire protection unit, the first motor 3034 and the second motor 3036 can be controlled to rotate cooperatively, so that the nozzle of the nozzle 3033 faces the thermal runaway fire protection unit.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, the present invention provides an automatic fire extinguishing method for an energy storage battery module, including the following steps:
s1, the control terminal 300 monitors the temperature and smoke signals sent by the temperature detection network and the smoke detection network in real time, judges whether a fire disaster occurs or not according to the temperature and smoke signals, and continues monitoring if the fire disaster does not occur; if yes, go to step S2;
according to the highest temperature T in the energy storage battery module max Maximum temperature difference Δ T max Maximum temperature Change Rate (dT/dT) max And judging whether a fire disaster occurs or not by the smoke sensing trigger state B, wherein the fire disaster occurrence criterion is as follows:
wherein, P is a criterion parameter for whether a fire disaster occurs; lambda [ alpha ] 1 Is a temperature weight factor, and the value range is 0.01-0.1; t is max The maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 2 The value range is 0.02-0.05; delta T max The maximum temperature difference in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 3 The value range is 0.5-1 for the weight factor of the temperature change rate; (dT/dT) max The maximum temperature change rate in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃/min; lambda [ alpha ] 4 Triggering a weight factor for the smoke sensation, wherein the value range is 2-5; b is a smoke-sensitive trigger factor, B is 1 when only one of the two smoke-sensitive detectors 301 is triggered, B is 2 when the two smoke-sensitive detectors 301 are simultaneously triggered, and B is 0 when neither of the two smoke-sensitive detectors 301 is triggered. And when P is less than 0.5, judging that no fire exists and no action is needed, when P is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 5, judging that no fire exists, but when faults exist in the energy storage battery module and shutdown detection is needed, and when P is more than 5, triggering fire.
S2, after the control terminal 300 judges that fire occurs, the smoke sensing signal triggering sequence and the temperature field characteristics are utilized to position the thermal runaway battery, and the fire fighting unit where the fault battery is located and the coordinates of the fire fighting unit are determined, so that fire extinguishment is more accurate and effective. The method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of utilizing the sequence of smoke sensing trigger time, the temperature of a temperature detector and the temperature change rate to evaluate the safety coefficient of each fire fighting unit so as to obtain the position coordinates of the fire fighting unit where the thermal runaway battery is located, wherein the judgment method comprises the following steps:
wherein epsilon 1 The smoke sensation position coefficient is taken as 2, P Smoke sensation Whether the fire fighting unit triggers the smoke sensing coverage area firstly is 1 or not, and whether the smoke sensing coverage area is 0 or not is judged; epsilon 2 The highest temperature position coefficient is 1, P Tmax Whether the temperature of the fire fighting unit is the highest temperature is 1 or 0; epsilon 3 The coefficient is the highest temperature change rate coefficient, the value is 1,
and judging whether the temperature change rate of the fire fighting unit is the highest, wherein the value is 1, and the value is 0. To be provided withThe fire fighting unit with the largest P1 value is the fire fighting unit where the thermal runaway is located, and the coordinates of the fire fighting unit are obtained.
S3, the control terminal 300 adjusts the position of the outlet of the full-automatic composite nozzle 303 to face the coordinate position of the fire unit where the thermal runaway is located according to the coordinate position of the fire unit where the thermal runaway is located, the heat release rate HRR of the thermal runaway battery is started, the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent is calculated according to the heat release rate HRR, the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 400 is controlled through the control flow controller 402, and the fire extinguishing agent released in the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 400 is sprayed to the fire unit where the thermal runaway is located through the outlet of the full-automatic composite nozzle 303 to carry out accurate fire fighting.
Based on the fitting of the test result of the megawatt cone calorimeter on the thermal runaway Heat Release Rate (HRR) of the lithium ion battery module and the battery temperature T, as shown in FIG. 5, the HRR can be obtained by utilizing the fitting relation under the condition that the temperature of a fire unit where the thermal runaway battery is located is detected, and the fire intensity is evaluated. The heat release rate HRR is related to the temperature T by:
HRR＝0.28×T-59.9
wherein HRR is the heat release rate of a battery thermal runaway fire, in KW; t is the maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module, in units of ℃. The temperature is detected in the energy storage battery module in real time by the temperature-sensitive detector 302, and the heat release rate HRR of the energy storage battery module can be calculated in real time by utilizing the fitting relation, so that the fire intensity in each time can be represented. The relation is suitable for energy storage batteries such as ternary batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries and the like.
After the heat release rate HRR is obtained, the corresponding relation between the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is utilized to calculate the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent, and because the fitting relation between the heat release rate HRR and the temperature T is obtained based on test data of different excitation sources of the battery, the surface characteristic temperature of the battery when the HRR is 0 is 213.2 ℃, and the internal reaction can occur when the temperature of the lithium ion battery is higher than 100 ℃, the fire risk of the battery when the HRR is less than or equal to 0 needs to be considered:
when HRR is less than or equal to 0, the corresponding relation between the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is as follows:
v＝η 1 e -n*HRR
wherein v is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent and is unit kg/min; eta 1 The value range of the weighting factor is 0.5-1, and the value range of n is 0.05-0.1. By applying the following HRR<When 0, the small-dose injection of the fire extinguishing agent can effectively improve the explosion limit of combustible gas released in the early stage of thermal runaway of the battery, reduce the safety risk and be beneficial to artificial disposal. Continuously acquiring HRR, controlling the spraying speed v of the fire extinguishing agent in real time, and stopping spraying the fire extinguishing agent when the HRR does not rise within 2-5 minutes.
When HRR is greater than 0, the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent is increased; the corresponding relationship with the heat release rate HRR is:
v＝η×HRR+β
wherein v is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent and is unit kg/min; eta is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent required by HRR unit, the value is 0.6-1.3, and the used fire extinguishing agent comprises the fire extinguishing agents such as heptafluoropropane, perfluorohexanone, carbon dioxide, compound fire extinguishing agent and the like; HRR is the rate of heat release of the battery, in KW; beta is a safety coefficient and takes a value of 0.8-1.3. Continuously acquiring HRR and controlling the spraying speed v of the fire extinguishing agent in real time, and stopping spraying the fire extinguishing agent when v is less than 1.5 beta and the duration is more than 2-5 minutes.
The invention can block and coordinate the fire protection of the battery module, arrange the temperature detection device and the smoke detection device for each block, directly judge the position of the thermal runaway battery through the coordinate, and control the spraying direction of the fire extinguishing agent, thereby realizing that the fire extinguishing agent directly acts on the thermal runaway battery.
According to the invention, the safety state of each fire-fighting module in the battery module is evaluated by utilizing the response characteristics of the temperature detector and the smoke detector, and the position coordinates of the thermal runaway battery are obtained, so that the accurate positioning of the thermal runaway battery is realized.
The invention realizes the evaluation of the battery state by utilizing the corresponding relation between the thermal runaway heat release rate of the battery and the temperature, controls the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent according to the heat release rate and realizes the real-time control of the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent according to the fire intensity.
The invention can determine whether the battery module is in fire or not through the temperature-sensitive detector and the smoke-sensitive detector, calculate and control the spraying direction of the multifunctional spray head through the control unit and control the spraying rate of the fire extinguishing agent in real time, and has higher utilization rate of the fire extinguishing agent and better fire extinguishing effect.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 6, the present invention provides another automatic fire extinguishing system for an energy storage battery module, which, compared to embodiment 1, further includes a reburning suppressant cylinder 500; the outlet of the restrike inhibitor cylinder 500 is connected to the sprinkler head via a fire line with a flow control meter 402.
The reburning inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-48 parts of perfluoroketone substance, 0.5-15.5 parts of perfluoropolyether substance, 0.3-28 parts of perfluoroalkyl ether substance and 0.7-16 parts of perfluoropolyalkyl ether substance.
Wherein the perfluoroketone is CF 3 CF 2 C(O)CF(CF 3 ) 2 、(CF) 2 CFC(O)CF(CF 3 ) 2 And (CF) 3 ) 3 CC(O)C(CF 3 ) 3 One or more of (a); the perfluoropolyether is
Wherein m is any positive integer between 10 and 100; the perfluoroalkyl ether substance is CF 3 CF 2 —O—CF 3 And CF 3 CF 2 —O—CF 2 CF 3 One or two of them; the perfluoro polyalkyl ether substance contains
Wherein n1 is any positive integer between 8 and 70; n2 is any positive integer between 8-70.
The reburning suppressant stored in the reburning suppressant tank 500 may be controlled by the flow controller 402 to release the reburning suppressant according to the volume of the empty space in the energy storage battery module after the fire suppressant is released. The volume of the vacant space in the energy storage battery module may be measured or calculated in advance and stored in the control terminal 300. The injected restrike agent is used for reducing the temperature of the battery and isolating air, thereby further preventing the battery from restrike.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 7, the present invention further provides an electronic device 100 for an automatic fire extinguishing method of an energy storage battery module; the electronic device 100 comprises a memory 101, at least one processor 102, a computer program 103 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the at least one processor 102, and at least one communication bus 104.
The memory 101 may be used to store the computer program 103, and the processor 102 implements the method steps of the self-extinguishing method for an energy storage battery module according to the text of embodiment 1 by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory 101 and by calling up the data stored in the memory 101. The memory 101 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data) created according to the use of the electronic apparatus 100, and the like. In addition, the memory 101 may include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device.
The at least one Processor 102 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 102 may be a microprocessor or the processor 102 may be any conventional processor or the like, and the processor 102 is the control center of the electronic device 100 and connects the various parts of the whole electronic device 100 by various interfaces and lines.
The memory 101 in the electronic device 100 stores a plurality of instructions to implement an automatic fire-extinguishing method for an energy-storage battery module, the plurality of instructions being executable by the processor 102 to implement:
monitoring temperature and smoke signals sent by a temperature detection network and a smoke detection network in the energy storage battery module in real time, and judging whether a fire disaster occurs according to the temperature and smoke signals;
determining a fire fighting unit with thermal runaway in the energy storage battery module after the occurrence of fire is judged;
according to the coordinate position of the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit, calculating the heat release rate HRR of the thermal runaway battery, calculating the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent according to the heat release rate HRR, and controlling the fire extinguishing agent to spray to the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit according to the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent to extinguish a fire.
The specific steps are detailed in example 1, and are not repeated herein.
Example 5
The modules/units integrated by the electronic device 100 may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if they are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program may implement the embodiments of the method according to the embodiments. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying said computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer Memory, and a Read-Only Memory (ROM).
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (27)
1. An automatic fire suppression system for an energy storage battery module, comprising:
a fire suppressant cylinder (400);
an energy storage battery module; the energy storage battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of batteries (200) arranged on the shell; a plurality of temperature detectors (302), a plurality of smoke detectors (301) and a spray head are arranged in the shell; the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder (400) is connected with the spray head through a fire fighting pipeline with a flow control meter (402);
and the control terminal (300) is connected with the flow control meter (402), the temperature detector (302), the smoke detector (301) and the spray head and is used for controlling the flow control meter (402) and the spray head to automatically extinguish the fire-fighting unit out of control in the energy storage battery module when a fire breaks out according to the monitoring data of the temperature detector (302) and the smoke detector (301).
2. The automatic fire extinguishing system for the energy storage battery module according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage battery module comprises a plurality of regularly arranged fire fighting units;
a temperature-sensing detector (302) is arranged at the top of each fire fighting unit;
a smoke detector (301) is shared by several fire fighting units.
3. The automatic fire extinguishing system for the energy storage battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy storage battery module comprises N regularly arranged fire fighting units;
a temperature-sensing detector (302) is arranged at the top of each fire fighting unit;
a smoke detector (301) is arranged at the top of the area consisting of 4 fire-fighting units;
a spray head is arranged in the shell.
4. The automatic fire suppression system for an energy storage battery module of claim 1, wherein the fire suppressant cylinder (400) has stored therein a gaseous fire suppressant.
5. An automatic fire extinguishing system for an energy storage battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent storage volume stored in the fire extinguishing agent cylinder (400) is less than 80% of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder (400) volume.
6. An automatic fire extinguishing system for energy storage battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder (400) is fitted with a pressure relief valve (401).
7. An automatic fire extinguishing system for energy storage battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that the control terminal (300) is adapted to determine whether a fire has occurred, no action according to fire criteria; if yes, the flow control meter (402) and the spray head are controlled to automatically extinguish the fire fighting unit with thermal runaway in the energy storage battery module when a fire breaks out.
8. An automatic fire extinguishing system for energy storage battery modules according to claim 7, characterized in that the fire criterion is in particular:
wherein, P is a criterion parameter for whether a fire disaster occurs; lambda [ alpha ] 1 Is a temperature weighting factor; t is max The maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 2 Is a temperature difference weight factor; delta T max The maximum temperature difference in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 3 As a change in temperatureA rate weight factor;
the maximum temperature change rate in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃/min; lambda [ alpha ] 4 Triggering a weight factor for the smoke sensation; b is a smoke sensation trigger factor;
and judging fire triggering when P is more than 5.
9. The automatic fire extinguishing system for the energy storage battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that the control flow control meter (402) and the spray head automatically extinguish a fire of a fire-fighting unit in thermal runaway in the energy storage battery module in case of fire, specifically comprising:
the control terminal (300) calls a smoke signal detected by the smoke detector (301), roughly judges the thermal runaway battery zone bit according to the smoke triggering sequence, further calls a temperature signal detected by the temperature detector (302), judges the fire fighting unit where the thermal runaway battery is located by utilizing the position criterion, obtains the coordinates of the corresponding fire fighting unit, controls the direction change of the spray head to be aligned to the corresponding fire fighting unit, and controls the flow controller (402) to automatically extinguish the fire of the corresponding fire fighting unit according to the calculated release rate of the fire extinguishing agent.
10. An automatic fire extinguishing system for energy storage battery modules according to claim 9, characterized in that the location criteria are in particular:
wherein epsilon 1 Is a smoke sensation position coefficient; p Smoke sensation Whether the fire fighting unit triggers the smoke sensing coverage area firstly is 1 or not, and whether the smoke sensing coverage area is 0 or not is judged; epsilon 2 The highest temperature position coefficient; p Tmax Whether the temperature of the fire fighting unit is the highest temperature is 1 or 0; epsilon 3 The highest temperature change rate coefficient;
judging whether the temperature change rate of the fire fighting unit is the highest, if so, judging that the value is 1, and if not, judging that the value is 0;
the fire fighting unit with the maximum P1 value is the fire fighting unit with thermal runaway.
11. An automatic fire extinguishing system for energy storage battery modules according to claim 9, characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent release rate is calculated by the following method:
calculating the heat release rate HRR, and calculating the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent according to the heat release rate HRR;
HRR＝0.28×T-59.9
wherein HRR is the heat release rate of a battery thermal runaway fire, in KW; t is the maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module, in units of ℃.
12. An automatic fire extinguishing system for an energy storage battery module according to claim 11, characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent release rate is obtained by:
when the HRR is less than or equal to 0, the corresponding relation between the release rate v of the extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is as follows:
v＝η 1 e -n*HRR
wherein v is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent and is unit kg/min; eta 1 Is a weight factor, and n is a correction factor;
when HRR is more than 0, the corresponding relation between the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is as follows:
v＝η×HRR+β
wherein eta is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent required by the unit HRR; beta is a safety factor.
13. The automatic fire suppression system for an energy storage battery module of claim 1, further comprising a restrike agent cylinder (500);
the re-ignition inhibitor steel cylinder (500) is stored with re-ignition inhibitor;
the outlet of the restrike inhibitor steel cylinder (500) is connected with the spray head through a fire-fighting pipeline with a flow control meter (402).
14. The automatic fire extinguishing system for the energy storage battery module according to claim 13, wherein the restrike inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.1-48 parts of perfluoroketone substance, 0.5-15.5 parts of perfluoropolyether substance, 0.3-28 parts of perfluoroalkyl ether substance and 0.7-16 parts of perfluoropolyalkyl ether substance.
15. The automatic fire suppression system for an energy storage battery module of claim 14, wherein the perfluoroketone is CF 3 CF 2 C(O)CF(CF 3 ) 2 、(CF) 2 CFC(O)CF(CF 3 ) 2 And (CF) 3 ) 3 CC(O)C(CF 3 ) 3 One or more of them.
16. The automatic fire extinguishing system for energy storage battery modules according to claim 14, characterized in that the perfluoropolyether substances comprise
Wherein m is any positive integer between 10 and 100.
17. The automatic fire extinguishing system for energy storage battery modules according to claim 14, wherein the perfluoroalkyl ether is CF 3 CF 2 —O—CF 3 And CF 3 CF 2 —O—CF 2 CF 3 One or two of them.
18. The automatic fire suppression system for an energy storage battery module of claim 14, wherein the perfluoropolyalkyl ether species comprises
Wherein n1 is 8 to 7Any positive integer between 0; n2 is any positive integer between 8-70.
19. An automatic fire extinguishing method for an energy storage battery module, comprising:
monitoring temperature and smoke signals sent by a temperature detection network and a smoke detection network in the energy storage battery module in real time, and judging whether a fire disaster occurs according to the temperature and smoke signals;
after the fire disaster is judged, determining a fire fighting unit in the energy storage battery module, wherein the thermal runaway of the fire fighting unit occurs;
according to the coordinate position of the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit, calculating the heat release rate HRR of the thermal runaway battery, calculating the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent according to the heat release rate HRR, and controlling the fire extinguishing agent to spray to the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit according to the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent to extinguish a fire.
20. The automatic fire extinguishing method for the energy storage battery module according to claim 19, wherein in the step of monitoring the temperature and smoke signals sent by the temperature detection network and the smoke detection network in the energy storage battery module in real time, the energy storage battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of batteries (200) mounted on the shell;
the energy storage battery module comprises a plurality of fire fighting units which are regularly arranged; a temperature-sensing detector (302) is arranged at the top of each fire fighting unit; a plurality of fire fighting units share one smoke detector (301); all the temperature-sensitive detectors (302) form a temperature detection network; all smoke detectors (301) form a smoke detection network.
21. The automatic fire extinguishing method for the energy storage battery module according to claim 19, wherein in the step of judging whether a fire occurs according to the temperature and the smoke signal, the fire is judged according to the fire;
the fire criterion is specifically as follows:
wherein, P is a criterion parameter for judging whether a fire disaster occurs; lambda [ alpha ] 1 Is a temperature weight factor; t is max The maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 2 Is a temperature difference weight factor; delta T max The maximum temperature difference in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃; lambda [ alpha ] 3 Is a temperature rate of change weight factor;
the maximum temperature change rate in the energy storage battery module is unit ℃/min; lambda [ alpha ] 4 Triggering a weight factor for the smoke sensation; b is a smoke sensation trigger factor;
and judging fire triggering when P is more than 5.
22. The automatic fire extinguishing method for the energy storage battery module according to claim 19, wherein in the step of determining the fire fighting unit with thermal runaway in the energy storage battery module after the fire is judged to occur, the fire fighting unit with thermal runaway in the energy storage battery module is determined according to a position criterion;
the position criterion is specifically:
wherein epsilon 1 Is a smoke sensation position coefficient; p is Smoke sensation Whether the fire fighting unit triggers the smoke sensing coverage area firstly is 1 or not, and whether the smoke sensing coverage area is 0 or not is judged; epsilon 2 The highest temperature position coefficient; p Tmax Whether the temperature of the fire fighting unit is the highest temperature is 1 or 0; epsilon 3 The highest temperature change rate coefficient;
judging whether the temperature change rate of the fire fighting unit is the highest, if so, judging that the value is 1, and if not, judging that the value is 0;
and the fire fighting unit with the maximum P1 value is the fire fighting unit with the thermal runaway.
23. The automatic fire extinguishing method for the energy storage battery module as claimed in claim 19, wherein in the step of calculating the heat release rate HRR of the thermal runaway battery according to the coordinate position of the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit, calculating the fire extinguishing agent release rate v according to the heat release rate HRR, and controlling the fire extinguishing agent to be sprayed to the thermal runaway fire-fighting unit according to the fire extinguishing agent release rate v to extinguish the fire, the heat release rate HRR is calculated by the following common formula:
HRR＝0.28×T-59.9
wherein HRR is the heat release rate of a battery thermal runaway fire, in KW; t is the maximum temperature in the energy storage battery module, in units of ℃.
24. The automatic fire extinguishing method for the energy storage battery module as claimed in claim 23, wherein the step of calculating the heat release rate HRR of the thermal runaway battery according to the coordinate position of the thermal runaway fire extinguishing unit, calculating the fire extinguishing agent release rate v according to the heat release rate HRR, and controlling the fire extinguishing agent to be sprayed to the thermal runaway fire extinguishing unit according to the fire extinguishing agent release rate v to extinguish the fire, wherein the fire extinguishing agent release rate is obtained by the following steps:
when HRR is less than or equal to 0, the corresponding relation between the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is as follows:
v＝η 1 e -n*HRR
wherein v is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent and is unit kg/min; eta 1 Is a weight factor, and n is a correction factor;
when HRR is more than 0, the corresponding relation between the release rate v of the fire extinguishing agent and the heat release rate HRR is as follows:
v＝η×HRR+β
wherein η is the release rate of the fire extinguishing agent per HRR requirement; beta is a safety factor.
25. The method of automatically extinguishing a fire for an energy storage battery module according to claim 19, further comprising the steps of:
after the fire extinguishing agent is released, the flow control meter (402) is controlled to release the restrike agent according to the volume of the vacant space in the energy storage battery module.
26. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises a processor and a memory, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement a method of automatic fire extinguishing for an energy storage battery module according to any of claims 19 to 25.
27. A computer-readable storage medium characterized in that it stores at least one instruction which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of automatic fire extinguishing for an energy storage battery module according to any one of claims 19 to 25.
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| CN202210706861.6A CN114984488B (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Automatic fire extinguishing method and system for energy storage battery module |
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| CN117244196A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2023-12-19 | 杭州高特电子设备股份有限公司 | Fire control method and device for energy storage battery, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN117807918A (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-02 | 珠海格力钛电器有限公司 | Method and device for preventing re-ignition of battery, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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