CN114964103A - Positioning debugging and measuring method for position coordinates of steel block on surface of optical element - Google Patents
Positioning debugging and measuring method for position coordinates of steel block on surface of optical element Download PDFInfo
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- CN114964103A CN114964103A CN202210821957.7A CN202210821957A CN114964103A CN 114964103 A CN114964103 A CN 114964103A CN 202210821957 A CN202210821957 A CN 202210821957A CN 114964103 A CN114964103 A CN 114964103A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/047—Accessories, e.g. for positioning, for tool-setting, for measuring probes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for positioning, debugging and measuring position coordinates of a steel block on the surface of an optical element, which comprises the steps of supporting the bottom spherical surface of the optical element by utilizing a three-point lifting adjusting frame, and taking an I-shaped target seat as a measuring seat of a spherical target ball of a laser tracker for contact measurement to obtain the annular plane and the circle center of the optical element; respectively installing laser trackers on the side surface and the bottom of an optical element, contacting a work-shaped target holder with the annular ring plane and the outer cylindrical surface of the optical element, placing spherical target balls on the work-shaped target holder to measure the geometric parameters of the optical element to establish a coordinate system, and positioning and debugging the position of a steel block to be adhered by using the real-time coordinates of the laser trackers; the invention solves the problem that the optical element needs to finish debugging and measuring the sticking position of the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom spherical surface steel block under the same workpiece coordinate system, and has the characteristics of uniform detection reference, good reproducibility and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of detection, and particularly relates to a positioning debugging and measuring method for a position coordinate of a steel block on the surface of an optical element.
Background
The utility model provides a large-bore optical element needs paste the steel bloom on outer cylinder face and bottom surface sphere according to the design requirement and is used for accurate support, consequently, the position coordinate of outer cylinder face and bottom sprag steel bloom, need accomplish location debugging and detection under same work piece coordinate system, traditional three-coordinate measuring machine with use laser tracker direct measurement then need overturn optical element and carry out the location debugging respectively and detect, consequently need make the support frame of large-scale roll-over stand and different modes, the cost is higher, the risk is great, the benchmark can not be unified measuring error big after the upset in addition, can not possess the practicality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a positioning debugging and measuring method for the position coordinates of a steel block on the surface of an optical element, aiming at the defects. And the laser tracker is used for transferring stations and measuring geometric parameters of the optical element by combining the I-shaped target holder, and the positioning, adjustment and detection of the steel blocks on the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom spherical surface of the optical element are completed under the same workpiece coordinate system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for positioning, debugging and measuring position coordinates of a steel block on the surface of an optical element comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a proper I-shaped target seat;
the I-shaped target holder is used as a measuring target holder of a target ball of the laser tracker; the I-shaped target holder is of an I-shaped structure and comprises an upper target holder, a cylinder and a lower target holder; the upper target seat, the lower target seat and the cylinder are all made of cylindrical steel parts, and the length and diameter of each cylindrical steel part are determined according to the ring opening plane width and the outer cylinder thickness of the optical element to be measured; the laser tracker comprises a first laser tracker and a second laser tracker;
assembling and calibrating the I-shaped target seat, which specifically comprises the following steps;
(1) connecting an upper target holder and a lower target holder to two ends of the cylinder respectively, and forming the I-shaped structure after assembly;
(2) calibrating the diameter size of the cylinder;
(3) debugging the upper target holder and the lower target holder to be concentric with the axis of the cylinder respectively;
(4) the end surfaces of the upper target seat and the lower target seat are debugged to be respectively vertical to the axis of the cylinder;
step three: measuring an optical element by adopting a laser tracker in combination with an I-shaped target seat, establishing a coordinate system, debugging the position of a steel block to be pasted and pasting the steel block;
step four: and (6) rechecking the position coordinates of the steel block.
Further, the third step includes the following specific steps:
(1) supporting the bottom spherical surface of the optical element by using a three-point adjustable lifting frame, and installing a first laser tracker on the side surface of the optical element; contacting and attaching the lower end face of an upper target seat of the I-shaped target seat with the annular opening plane of the optical element, contacting and attaching a cylinder of the I-shaped target seat with the outer cylindrical surface of the optical element, placing the spherical target ball in the center of the upper target seat after continuous irradiation, measuring the geometric parameters of the optical element by a first laser tracker, and establishing a first workpiece coordinate system;
(2) sequentially debugging the positions of the steel blocks to be adhered of all the outer cylindrical surfaces and adhering the steel blocks under the first workpiece coordinate system;
(3) installing a second laser tracker on the spherical surface of the bottom of the optical element, enabling the lower end face of an upper target seat of the I-shaped target seat to be in contact and close to the annular surface of the optical element, enabling a cylinder of the I-shaped target seat to be in contact and close to the outer cylindrical surface of the optical element, placing the target ball after continuous lighting at the center of a lower target seat, placing the center of the lower target seat after adsorbing continuous lighting of the target ball through a magnetic positioning ball of the lower target seat, measuring geometric parameters of the optical element through the second laser tracker and establishing a second workpiece coordinate system;
(4) and sequentially debugging the position of the spherical surface at the bottom of the second workpiece to be adhered with the steel block and adhering the steel block.
Further, the fourth step specifically includes:
after the steel block is adhered by glue, the steel block can be displaced in the curing process of the glue, so that after the adhesion of the steel block on the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom spherical surface of the optical element is finished, the geometric parameters of the optical element are respectively measured by combining the first laser tracker and the second laser tracker with the I-shaped target holder to establish a first workpiece new coordinate system and a second workpiece new coordinate system, the centers of the positioning holes of the steel block adhered on the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom spherical surface are sequentially placed by using the continuous light of the target ball under the corresponding first workpiece new coordinate system and the second workpiece new coordinate system so as to obtain the position coordinates of the adhered steel block and analyze the deviation from the theoretical value, and if a larger position exists, debugging and correction are carried out according to the real-time position display values under the corresponding first workpiece new coordinate system and the second workpiece new coordinate system.
Furthermore, the middle parts of the upper target seat and the lower target seat respectively comprise concave conical surfaces, and three magnetic positioning balls are uniformly distributed and mounted on the conical surfaces and used for placing and centering the target balls;
the lower end surface of the upper target seat and the upper end surface of the lower target seat are measuring surfaces and are used for being in contact with a ring opening plane of the optical element, and holes are formed in the centers of the lower end surface of the upper target seat and the upper end surface of the lower target seat; the cylindrical bus of the cylinder is used for contact measurement of the outer cylindrical surface of the optical element to be measured, and the two end planes of the cylinder are provided with small cylindrical bosses for connecting the upper target holder and the lower target holder.
The invention adopts the I-shaped target holder to indirectly measure the circle center and the plane of the optical element; the laser trackers are respectively arranged on the side surface and the bottom of the optical element, the I-shaped target holder is contacted with the annular surface and the outer cylindrical surface of the optical element, a coordinate system is established by measuring geometrical parameters of the optical element through target balls respectively arranged on the upper end and the lower end of the I-shaped target holder, and the positions of steel blocks needing to be pasted on the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom spherical surface of the optical element are positioned, debugged and detected by real-time coordinates of the laser trackers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) for a conventional three coordinate measuring machine: the method is not suitable for online debugging detection of optical elements and can not finish special posture detection because of being limited by the requirements of a measurement principle, a measurement range and a detection environment; the laser tracker is combined with the I-shaped target holder to carry out station-turning measurement, so that the online adjustment and detection that the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom spherical surface of the optical element have position coordinate association are realized, and meanwhile, the position coordinate monitoring and positioning can be carried out in real time; the invention reduces the huge risk brought by the overturning measurement of the large-caliber optical element, shortens the development period of the stage and has good detection positioning precision and reproducibility;
(2) the detection method has the advantages of simple structure, easy realization and lower cost;
(3) the detection method is not limited to be used for detecting the on-line assembly, adjustment and positioning of large-caliber optical elements and precision machinery, and can also be applied to the detection of product parts in various industries.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for positioning, debugging and measuring the position coordinates of a steel block on the surface of an optical element according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembly of an I-shaped target holder according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for positioning, debugging and measuring the position coordinates of a steel block on the surface of an optical element according to the present invention; wherein, 1 is last target holder, 2 is the cylinder, and 3 are target holder down, and 4 are first laser tracker, and 5 are second laser tracker, and 6 are sphere and paste the steel billet, and 7 are optical element outer face of cylinder, and 8 are outer face of cylinder and paste the steel billet, and 9 are optical element ring mouth plane.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the method according to the invention, the various aspects of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The implementation process comprises the following steps: the optical element with the caliber of 1.6m is detected by using the method of the invention, wherein the width of the plane of the ring opening is 15mm, and the thickness of the outer cylinder is 250 mm.
The method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: h-shaped target stand size selection
As shown in fig. 2, the i-shaped target holder is characterized in that the upper target holder 1 and the lower target holder 3 are cylindrical steel pieces with the diameter of 40mm and the thickness of 10mm according to the width of the optical element ring opening plane 9, the flatness of the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical steel pieces is 1 μm, and the parallelism of the two end surfaces is 2 μm; the cylinder 2 is a cylindrical steel piece with the diameter of 20mm and the length of 255mm, and the cylindricity of the cylindrical steel piece is 5 mu m, which is selected according to the thickness dimension of the outer cylinder of the optical primary mirror.
Step two: assembling and calibrating H-shaped target holder
(1) As shown in FIG. 2, the H-shaped target holder of the present invention comprises: the laser tracker comprises an upper target holder 1, a cylinder 2 and a lower target holder 3, wherein three magnetic positioning balls are uniformly arranged on conical surfaces of the upper target holder 1 and the lower target holder 3 and used for placing and centering target balls of the laser tracker; the end surfaces of the two inner sides are measuring surfaces which are contacted with a measured plane, and the center of the end surface is provided with a hole; the cylindrical bus of the cylinder 2 is used for the contact measurement of the measured cylindrical surface, and the planes at the two ends are provided with small cylindrical bosses for connecting target seats at the two ends;
the invention relates to an assembling method of an I-shaped target seat, which comprises the following steps: the lower end surface of the upper target holder 1 and the central hole of the upper end surface of the lower target holder 3 are respectively and precisely matched with the small cylindrical bosses at the two ends of the cylinder 2;
(2) calibrating the diameter size of the cylinder 2: comparing and measuring the size of the cylinder by using a vertical optical meter and three equal measuring blocks, and acquiring a diameter value for measuring the size radius compensation;
(3) target stand 1, lower target stand 3 and 2 axis of cylinder are concentric in the debugging: placing a spherical target ball at the center of the upper target holder 1, debugging the cylindrical axis of the cylinder 2 by using a cylindricity instrument, enabling the cylindrical axis to be concentric with a rotation workbench of the cylindricity instrument to be used as a reference shaft, acquiring the eccentric amount of the spherical target ball center of the upper target holder 1 to the reference shaft, and debugging the two concentric; the lower target holder 3 is debugged to be concentric with the cylinder 2 by the same debugging method of the upper target holder 1 and the cylinder 2;
(4) target stand 1, 3 terminal surfaces of lower target stand are perpendicular with 2 axes of cylinder in the debugging: the axis of the cylinder 2 is used as a common reference, the axis of the cylinder 2 is firstly aligned by using a roundness measuring instrument, and the roundness measuring instrument is used for respectively detecting and debugging the vertical deviation of the end surfaces of the upper target holder 1 and the lower target holder 3 to the axis of the cylinder 2.
Step three: the laser tracker is combined with an I-shaped target holder to measure an optical element to establish a coordinate system and debug the position of a steel block for adhesion.
(1) As shown in fig. 3, a first laser tracker 4 is installed on the side surface of the optical element, the circumference of the outer circle is equally divided into 32 measurement position points, and + X reference points are fixed at the junction of the outer cylinder and the spherical surface, the lower end surface of an upper target seat 1 of a H-shaped target seat is utilized to be contacted and attached with an optical element ring opening plane 9, a cylinder 3 is contacted and attached with an outer cylindrical surface 7 of the optical element, the spherical target ball is placed at the center of the upper target seat 1 after being subjected to continuous light, the H-shaped target seat is moved to sequentially measure the outer cylindrical surface 7 of the optical element and the optical element ring opening plane 9, the + X reference points are measured by using the target ball, and a plane, a circle center and an X-axis straight line are fitted to establish a first workpiece coordinate system;
(2) sequentially debugging the positions of all the outer cylindrical surface pasting steel blocks 8 and pasting according to a real-time workpiece coordinate system established by a first laser tracker 4 arranged on the side surface;
(3) a second laser tracker 5 is arranged at the bottom of the spherical surface of the optical element, the lower end surface of an upper target seat 1 of the I-shaped target seat is contacted and attached with an optical element ring opening plane 9, a cylinder 3 is contacted and attached with an outer cylindrical surface 7 of the optical element, the spherical target ball is placed at the center of a lower target seat 2 in a continuous light mode, the I-shaped target seat is moved to measure the outer cylindrical surface 7 of the optical element, the optical element ring opening plane 9 and a + X datum point in sequence, and a plane, a circle center and an X-axis straight line are fitted to establish a second workpiece coordinate system;
(4) sequentially debugging the position of a bottom spherical surface pasting steel block 6 and pasting according to a real-time workpiece coordinate system established by installing a second laser tracker 5 at the bottom of the spherical surface;
step four: position coordinate review of steel block
1 hour after the pasting of all the positions of the outer cylindrical surface pasting steel block 8 and the bottom spherical surface pasting steel block 6 of the optical element is completed, the position debugging and measuring method of the three steel blocks needs to be carried out according to the steps, the laser tracker is combined with the I-shaped target holder transfer station, the geometric parameters of the optical element are measured, a workpiece coordinate system is established, the position coordinate system of the steel block pasted on the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom spherical surface of the optical main mirror element is rechecked, and the deviated steel block position is adjusted in time before glue is dried.
The invention has not been described in detail and is within the skill of the art.
The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for positioning, debugging and measuring the position coordinates of a steel block on the surface of an optical element is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a proper I-shaped target seat;
the I-shaped target holder is used as a measuring target holder of a target ball of the laser tracker; the I-shaped target holder is of an I-shaped structure and comprises an upper target holder, a cylinder and a lower target holder; the upper target seat, the lower target seat and the cylinder are all made of cylindrical steel parts, and the length and diameter of each cylindrical steel part are determined according to the ring opening plane width and the outer cylinder thickness of the optical element to be measured; the laser tracker comprises a first laser tracker and a second laser tracker;
assembling and calibrating the I-shaped target seat, which specifically comprises the following steps;
(1) connecting an upper target holder and a lower target holder to two ends of the cylinder respectively, and forming the I-shaped structure after assembly;
(2) calibrating the diameter size of the cylinder;
(3) debugging the upper target holder and the lower target holder to be concentric with the axis of the cylinder respectively;
(4) the end surfaces of the upper target seat and the lower target seat are debugged to be respectively vertical to the axis of the cylinder;
step three: measuring an optical element by adopting a laser tracker in combination with an I-shaped target seat, establishing a coordinate system, debugging the position of a steel block to be pasted and pasting the steel block;
step four: and (5) rechecking the position coordinates of the steel block.
2. The method for positioning, debugging and measuring the position coordinates of the steel block on the surface of the optical element according to claim 1, wherein:
the third step comprises the following specific steps:
(1) supporting the bottom spherical surface of the optical element by using a three-point adjustable lifting frame, and installing a first laser tracker on the side surface of the optical element; contacting and attaching the lower end face of an upper target seat of the I-shaped target seat with the annular opening plane of the optical element, contacting and attaching a cylinder of the I-shaped target seat with the outer cylindrical surface of the optical element, placing the spherical target ball in the center of the upper target seat after continuous irradiation, measuring the geometric parameters of the optical element by a first laser tracker, and establishing a first workpiece coordinate system;
(2) sequentially debugging the positions of the steel blocks to be adhered of all the outer cylindrical surfaces and adhering the steel blocks under the first workpiece coordinate system;
(3) installing a second laser tracker on the spherical surface of the bottom of the optical element, contacting and attaching the lower end surface of an upper target seat of the I-shaped target seat with the annular surface of the optical element, contacting and attaching a cylinder of the I-shaped target seat with the outer cylindrical surface of the optical element, placing the target ball after continuous lighting in the center of a lower target seat, adsorbing the target ball through a magnetic positioning ball of the lower target seat, measuring the geometric parameters of the optical element by using the second laser tracker, and establishing a second workpiece coordinate system;
(4) and sequentially debugging the position of the spherical surface at the bottom of the second workpiece to be adhered with the steel block and adhering the steel block.
3. The method for positioning, debugging and measuring the position coordinates of the steel block on the surface of the optical element according to claim 2, wherein:
the fourth step specifically comprises:
after the steel block is adhered by glue, the steel block can be displaced in the curing process of the glue, so after the adhesion of the steel block on the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom spherical surface of the optical element is finished, a first workpiece new coordinate system and a second workpiece new coordinate system are established by respectively measuring geometrical parameters of the optical element by the first laser tracker and the second laser tracker in combination with the I-shaped target holder, and the centers of the positioning holes of the steel block adhered on the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom spherical surface are sequentially placed by using target sphere continuous light under the corresponding first workpiece new coordinate system and the second workpiece new coordinate system so as to obtain the position coordinates of the adhered steel block and analyze the deviation from a theoretical value, and if a larger position deviation value exists, debugging and correction are carried out according to real-time position display values under the corresponding first workpiece new coordinate system and the second workpiece new coordinate system.
4. The method for positioning, debugging and measuring the position coordinates of the steel block on the surface of the optical element according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the middle parts of the upper target seat and the lower target seat respectively comprise concave conical surfaces, and three magnetic positioning balls are uniformly distributed and mounted on the conical surfaces and used for placing and centering the target balls;
the lower end surface of the upper target seat and the upper end surface of the lower target seat are measuring surfaces and are used for being in contact with a ring opening plane of the optical element, and holes are formed in the centers of the lower end surface of the upper target seat and the upper end surface of the lower target seat; the cylindrical bus of the cylinder is used for contact measurement of the outer cylindrical surface of the optical element to be measured, and the two end planes of the cylinder are provided with small cylindrical bosses for connecting the upper target holder and the lower target holder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210821957.7A CN114964103A (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Positioning debugging and measuring method for position coordinates of steel block on surface of optical element |
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| CN202210821957.7A CN114964103A (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Positioning debugging and measuring method for position coordinates of steel block on surface of optical element |
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