CN114959955B - Fine opening device for dispersing superfine fibers - Google Patents
Fine opening device for dispersing superfine fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN114959955B CN114959955B CN202210086149.0A CN202210086149A CN114959955B CN 114959955 B CN114959955 B CN 114959955B CN 202210086149 A CN202210086149 A CN 202210086149A CN 114959955 B CN114959955 B CN 114959955B
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- opening
- negative pressure
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- beater
- cotton
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
- D01G9/06—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton by means of toothed members
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
- D01G9/04—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton by means of beater arms
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
- D01G9/08—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton by means of air draught arrangements
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
- D01G9/14—Details of machines or apparatus
- D01G9/16—Feeding arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/66—Disintegrating fibre-containing textile articles to obtain fibres for re-use
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fine opening device for dispersing superfine fibers, which comprises a shell, a negative pressure opening assembly, a beater opening assembly and a conveying assembly, wherein the negative pressure opening assembly comprises a feeding hole arranged on the shell, an opening roller arranged in the shell, a negative pressure unit arranged in the opening roller, a discharge hole arranged on the shell and a cotton stripping roller arranged between the discharge hole and the opening roller; the beater opening assembly comprises a beater arranged below the opening roller and a bushing plate arranged between the beater and the opening roller; the conveying assembly comprises a cotton conveying pipeline and a fan arranged in the cotton conveying pipeline, one end of the cotton conveying pipeline is connected with the shell, the connecting position corresponds to the opening assembly of the beater, and the other end of the cotton conveying pipeline is connected with the feeding port. Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the negative pressure device and the circulating opening structure to carry out circulating fine opening for a plurality of times on the superfine fibers, thereby being beneficial to enhancing the opening effect and further improving the performance of the terminal product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabrics, in particular to a fine opening device for dispersing superfine fibers.
Background
As the diameter of the superfine fiber is far lower than that of the conventional common fiber, the superfine fiber has a plurality of properties different from the common fiber, such as softer hand feeling, greatly improved heat preservation performance, higher water absorbability and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of heat insulation, national defense and military industry, household wear and the like. However, the superfine fiber has extremely low fineness, large specific surface area and strong surface adsorption force, so that the phenomenon of cohesion and agglomeration still occurs after the superfine fiber is opened by using a traditional opening device, a parallel adhered fiber bundle is formed, single fibers which are uniformly dispersed are difficult to form, the subsequent processing process and the structure and performance of the product are further influenced, and the further development of the superfine fiber is hindered.
Most of the existing fiber opening methods and devices are single-time opening, so that the further improvement of the opening effect is limited, or the opening requirement of superfine fibers cannot be met; the cyclic opening method cannot simultaneously ensure that the method is suitable for superfine fibers with extremely low linear density, thereby influencing the performance of the terminal product.
Patent CN202011174678.3 discloses a fiber opening method and a fiber opening system for realizing the same, which uses carding nails and needle teeth to perform primary opening on fibers, and uses a roller device to perform fine opening on the fibers.
Patent ZL201520047348.6 discloses a fiber opener and a fiber opener group, which can open fibers for a plurality of times, and the discharged fibers can be automatically collected and reused in the opening process.
Patent CN201911350593.3 discloses a graphene multifunctional superfine fiber multi-layer non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof, and uses card clothing and air mixing to open superfine fibers.
Therefore, it is desirable to develop a fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers, which effectively circulates a plurality of fine openings for ultrafine fibers, enhancing the dispersing effect, and thus improving the end product performance thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a fine opening device for dispersing superfine fibers, which solves the problem that the prior art cannot effectively carry out multiple fine opening on the superfine fibers.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the invention aims to protect a fine opening device for dispersing superfine fibers, which comprises a shell, a negative pressure opening assembly, a beater opening assembly and a conveying assembly, wherein the fine opening device comprises the following components:
the negative pressure opening assembly comprises a feeding hole arranged on the shell, an opening roller arranged in the shell, a negative pressure unit arranged in the opening roller, a discharging hole arranged on the shell, and a cotton stripping roller arranged between the discharging hole and the opening roller, wherein the surface of the opening roller is provided with angle nails which are distributed in a spiral line on the surface of the opening roller, and the surface of the opening roller is provided with a plurality of negative pressure holes;
the beater opening assembly is arranged in the shell and comprises a beater arranged below the opening roller and a bushing plate arranged between the beater and the opening roller, wherein the beater is a cylindrical straight roller, and a blade is arranged on the surface of the beater;
the conveying assembly comprises a cotton conveying pipeline and a fan arranged in the cotton conveying pipeline, one end of the cotton conveying pipeline is connected with the shell, the connecting position corresponds to the opening assembly of the beater, and the other end of the cotton conveying pipeline is connected with the feeding port.
Further, during the opening process:
the superfine fiber raw material enters the shell through the feeding hole, the rotating opening roller generates suction force at the negative pressure hole through the internal negative pressure unit, so that the superfine fiber with lighter weight is screened and adsorbed, the opening process is carried out, and the opened fiber spirally flows forwards to the cotton stripping roller along the oblique direction of the angle nail;
the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall onto the beater opening assembly due to self weight, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being opened by the beater, so that fine opening is performed repeatedly for preset times.
Further, antistatic agents are sprayed on the surfaces of the opening roller, the cotton stripping roller, the bushing plate and the beater;
the antistatic agent is one or more of alkyl quaternary ammonium, alkyl sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, ethoxy lauramide, glycerin-stearate, alkali metal salt of dithiocarbamic acid and ethoxylated aliphatic alkyl amine.
Further, the diameter of the opening roller is 10-30 cm, and the length is 50-200 cm.
Further, the shape of the corner nail comprises one or a combination of more of M shape, triangle shape and needle shape which is inclined to one side.
Further, the pressure generated by the negative pressure unit is-5 to-50 kPa;
the negative pressure holes are arranged between adjacent angle nails in rows, the number of the negative pressure holes in each row is 30-150, 8-36 rows are arranged in total, and the diameter is 3-10 mm.
Further, the number of the stripping rollers is 1-4, and the stripping rollers are all arranged on one side of the opening roller.
Further, the conveying wind speed of the fan is 5-20 m/s.
Further, after fine opening for a preset number of times, the obtained superfine fiber has a diameter of less than 10 mu m and a length of 30-200 mm.
Further, the superfine fiber is one or a combination of more of polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethersulfone, polylactic acid, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl butyral, polybenzimidazole, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polycaprolactone, polyamic acid, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polypropylene glycol poly-p-benzoate, polyethylene terephthalate, polysulfone, polyethyleneimine, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyarylsulfone, polyurethane, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyimide and aramid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:
according to the fine opening device for dispersing the superfine fibers, the negative pressure unit and the circulating opening structure are adopted, the superfine fibers which are light in weight in the adsorption opening process are screened, and the fine opening is performed repeatedly, so that the superfine fibers are dispersed fully, and the opening effect is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an opening device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of one side of the opening roller and the stripper roller of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic rear view of the opening device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a feed inlet, 2-an opening roller, 3-a negative pressure unit, 4-a cotton stripping roller, 5-a negative pressure hole, 6-a corner nail, 7-a discharge port, 8-a beater, 9-a bushing, 10-a cotton conveying pipeline and 11-a fan
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Features such as a part model, a material name, a connection structure, a control method, an algorithm and the like which are not explicitly described in the technical scheme are all regarded as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.
The prior devices all use the traditional opener, and utilize the cotton carding and opening structure, card clothing carding, opening licker-in and other devices to open and disperse the fibers, but the opening effect is poor due to single opening, and the subsequent processing process and the product performance are affected; or cyclic opening, but cannot be applied to ultra fine fibers having very low linear density.
According to the invention, the negative pressure unit and the circulating opening structure are utilized to screen and adsorb relatively light superfine fibers, the opened fibers spirally flow forward to the cotton stripping roller along the angle nails, large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed drop to the beater opening assembly due to self weight, and the large fiber clusters enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being opened by the beater, so that repeated fine opening is performed, and the opening effect is improved.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the fine loosening device for dispersing superfine fibers in the technical scheme comprises a negative pressure loosening assembly, a beater loosening assembly and a conveying assembly;
the negative pressure opening assembly mainly comprises a feed inlet 1, an opening roller 2, a negative pressure unit 3, a cotton stripping roller 4 and a discharge outlet 7; the feed port 1 is arranged above the side edge of the opening roller 2; the inner cavity of the opening roller 2 is provided with a negative pressure unit 3, and the surface of the opening roller 2 is provided with a plurality of rows of negative pressure holes 5 and angle nails 6 which are distributed on the surface of the opening roller 2 in a spiral line. The number of the stripping rollers 4 is multiple, and the stripping rollers 4 are fixed between the discharge hole 7 and the opening roller 2; the discharge port 7 is arranged at the opposite side of the feed port 1.
The negative pressure unit 3 in this technical scheme is the vacuum pumping equipment of mainstream in the market, and open roller inner chamber in this technical scheme is hollow, and negative pressure unit 3 establishes in inside, and the roller surface is opened there is very many holes, see fig. 2, is negative pressure unit's suction inlet (negative pressure hole), after opening negative pressure unit 3, the negative pressure will be along the suction inlet, adsorbs external fibre.
The beater opening assembly is arranged right below the opening roller 2, the beater 8 is a cylindrical straight roller, blades are uniformly distributed on the surface of the roller in the radial and axial directions, and a bushing 9 is arranged between the beater 8 and the opening roller 2.
The conveying assembly mainly comprises a cotton conveying pipeline 10 and a fan 11, the cotton conveying pipeline 10 is communicated with the beater opening assembly and the feeding port 1, and the fan 11 is arranged in the cotton conveying pipeline 10.
During specific operation, superfine fiber raw materials enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feed port 1, a negative pressure unit 3 is arranged inside an opening roller 2 rotating at a high speed, a plurality of negative pressure holes 5 are formed in the surface of the opening roller, superfine fibers with lighter weight are screened and adsorbed, and the opened fibers spirally flow to a cotton stripping roller forwards along a corner nail 6; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly due to self weight, and enter the feeding port 1 again through the cotton conveying pipeline 10 after being opened by the beater 8, so that the large fiber clusters are repeatedly and finely opened.
The diameter of the opening roller 2 is 10-30 cm, and the length is 50-200 cm; the angled spike 6 includes, but is not limited to, an M-shape, a triangle, a needle shape; the negative pressure unit 3 can generate pressure of-5 to-50 kPa, the negative pressure holes 5 are arranged in rows and are arranged in parallel between the angle nails 6, the number of the negative pressure holes 5 in each row is 30-150, 8-36 rows are arranged in total, and the diameter is 3-10 mm; the number of the stripping rollers 4 is 1-4, and the stripping rollers are positioned at one side of the opening roller 2.
Example 2
Polyamide fibers enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feed inlet, fall on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously open a negative pressure unit, have a negative pressure of-5 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 10cm, the length of the opening roller is 50cm, the polyamide fibers are adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of the negative pressure holes is 3mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 240, 8 rows are total, 30 of the negative pressure holes are each row, and the polyamide fibers spirally flow to a cotton stripping roller along a corner nail forwards, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 1; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 5m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the dispersed polyamide superfine fiber with the length of 30mm and the diameter of 2 μm is obtained.
Example 3
The polystyrene fiber enters a negative pressure opening assembly through a feeding hole, falls on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously starts a negative pressure unit, has a negative pressure of-35 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 20cm, the length of the opening roller is 140cm, the polystyrene fiber is adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of the negative pressure hole is 6mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 1600, 20 rows are total, 80 polystyrene fibers are in each row, and flow to a cotton stripping roller along a corner nail forwards in a spiral manner, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 2; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 10m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the dispersed polystyrene superfine fiber with the length of 90mm and the diameter of 5 μm is obtained.
Example 4
The polyethylene fibers enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feeding hole, fall on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously open a negative pressure unit, have a negative pressure of-50 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 30cm, the length of the opening roller is 200cm, the polyethylene fibers are adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of the negative pressure holes is 10mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 5400, 36 rows are total, 150 polyethylene fibers in each row flow to a cotton stripping roller along a corner nail in a forward spiral manner, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 4; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 20m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the dispersed polyethylene superfine fiber with the length of 200mm and the diameter of 10 mu m is obtained.
Example 5
The polypropylene fibers enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feed inlet, fall on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously open a negative pressure unit, have a negative pressure of-10 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 13cm, the length of the opening roller is 58cm, the polypropylene fibers are adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of the negative pressure holes is 5mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 400, 10 rows are total, 40 of the negative pressure holes are arranged in each row, and the polypropylene fibers spirally flow to a cotton stripping roller along angle nails forwards, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 4; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 8m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the length of the well dispersed polypropylene superfine fiber is 50mm, and the diameter is 4 mu m.
Example 6
The polyurethane fibers enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feed inlet, fall on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously open a negative pressure unit, have a negative pressure of-25 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 25cm, the length of the opening roller is 100cm, the polyurethane fibers are adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of the negative pressure holes is 8mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 600, 15 rows are total, 40 of the negative pressure holes are arranged in each row, and the polyurethane fibers spirally flow to a cotton stripping roller along angle nails forwards, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 4; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 12m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the dispersed polyurethane superfine fiber is obtained, the length of the polyurethane superfine fiber is 55mm, and the diameter of the polyurethane superfine fiber is 3 mu m.
Example 7
The polyarylsulfone fibers enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feeding hole, fall on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously open a negative pressure unit, have a negative pressure of-35 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 25cm, the length of the opening roller is 120cm, the polyarylsulfone fibers are adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of the negative pressure holes is 10mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 1000, 20 rows are total, 50 in each row, and flow to a cotton stripping roller along a corner nail forwards in a spiral manner, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 3; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 15m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the dispersed polyarylsulfone superfine fiber with the length of 60mm and the diameter of 2 mu m is obtained.
Example 8
The polycaprolactone fibers enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feeding port, fall on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously open a negative pressure unit, have a negative pressure of-40 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 30cm, the length of the opening roller is 150cm, the polycaprolactone fibers are adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of negative pressure holes is 10mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 1200, 20 rows are total, 60 of the polycaprolactone fibers are in each row, and flow to a cotton stripping roller in a forward spiral manner along an angle nail, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 3; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 17m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the dispersed polycaprolactone superfine fiber has the length of 100mm and the diameter of 900nm.
Example 9
The polylactic acid fibers enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feeding hole, fall on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously open a negative pressure unit, have a negative pressure of-40 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 30cm, the length of the opening roller is 150cm, the polylactic acid fibers are adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of the negative pressure holes is 9mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 2100, 30 rows are total, 70 of the negative pressure holes are each row, and the polylactic acid fibers spirally flow to a cotton stripping roller along a corner nail forwards, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 3; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 17m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the dispersed polylactic acid superfine fiber is obtained, the length of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 120mm, and the diameter of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 800nm.
Example 10
The polyamide acid fibers enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feeding hole, fall on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously open a negative pressure unit, have a negative pressure of-50 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 30cm, the length of the opening roller is 200cm, the polyamide acid fibers are adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of the negative pressure holes is 9mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 3600, 36 rows are total, each row is 100, and the polyamide acid fibers spirally flow to a cotton stripping roller along a corner nail forwards, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 4; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 20m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the dispersed polyamide acid superfine fiber is obtained, the length of which is 170mm and the diameter of which is 800nm.
Example 11
Polyvinyl chloride fibers enter a negative pressure opening assembly through a feed inlet, fall on an opening roller rotating at a high speed, simultaneously open a negative pressure unit, have a negative pressure of-45 kPa, the diameter of the opening roller is 30cm, the length of the opening roller is 200cm, the polyvinyl chloride fibers are adsorbed on the opening roller due to the negative pressure, the diameter of negative pressure holes is 10mm, the number of the negative pressure holes is 5400, 36 rows are total, 150 polyvinyl chloride fibers are arranged in each row, and flow to a cotton stripping roller forwards in a spiral manner along a corner nail, and the number of the cotton stripping rollers is 4; the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall to the beater opening assembly, and enter the feeding port again through the cotton conveying pipeline after being loosened by the beater, and the wind speed of a fan in the cotton conveying pipeline is 20m/s, so that fine loosening is performed in a reciprocating manner. Finally, the dispersed polyvinyl chloride superfine fiber with the length of 190mm and the diameter of 900nm is obtained.
The previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers, comprising:
a housing;
the negative pressure opening assembly comprises a feeding port (1) arranged on a shell, an opening roller (2) arranged in the shell, a negative pressure unit (3) arranged in the opening roller (2), a discharging port (7) arranged on the shell and a cotton stripping roller (4) arranged between the discharging port (7) and the opening roller (2), wherein angle nails (6) are arranged on the surface of the opening roller (2), the angle nails (6) are distributed in a spiral line on the surface of the opening roller (2), and a plurality of negative pressure holes (5) are formed in the surface of the opening roller (2);
the beater opening assembly is arranged inside the shell and comprises a beater (8) arranged below the opening roller (2) and a bushing (9) arranged between the beater (8) and the opening roller (2), wherein the beater (8) is a cylindrical straight roller, and a blade is arranged on the surface of the beater (8);
the conveying assembly comprises a cotton conveying pipeline (10) and a fan (11) arranged in the cotton conveying pipeline (10), one end of the cotton conveying pipeline (10) is connected with the shell, the connecting position corresponds to the beater opening assembly, and the other end of the cotton conveying pipeline (10) is connected with the feeding port (1);
in the specific opening process:
the superfine fiber raw material enters the shell through the feeding hole (1), the opening roller (2) in a rotating state generates suction force at the negative pressure hole (5) through the internal negative pressure unit (3), so that the superfine fiber with lighter weight is screened and adsorbed, the opening process is carried out, and the opened fiber spirally flows forwards to the cotton stripping roller (4) along the inclined direction of the angle nail (6);
the large fiber clusters which cannot be adsorbed fall onto the beater opening assembly due to self weight, and enter the feeding port (1) again through the cotton conveying pipeline (10) after being opened by the beater (8), so that fine opening of preset times is performed in a reciprocating mode.
2. The fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers according to claim 1, wherein antistatic agents are sprayed on the surfaces of the opening roller (2), the cotton stripping roller (4), the bushing plate (9) and the beater (8);
the antistatic agent is one or more of alkyl quaternary ammonium, alkyl sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, ethoxy lauramide, glycerin-stearate, alkali metal salt of dithiocarbamic acid and ethoxylated aliphatic alkyl amine.
3. A fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening roller (2) has a diameter of 10-30 cm and a length of 50-200 cm.
4. A fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the angle nail (6) comprises one or a combination of more of M-shape, triangle-shape, needle-shape inclined to one side.
5. The fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers according to claim 1, wherein the pressure generated by the negative pressure unit (3) is-5 to-50 kPa;
the negative pressure holes (5) are arranged between adjacent angle nails (6) in a row, the number of the negative pressure holes (5) in each row is 30-150, 8-36 rows are arranged in total, and the diameter is 3-10 mm.
6. The fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers according to claim 1, wherein the number of the stripping rollers (4) is 1-4, and the stripping rollers (4) are arranged on one side of the opening roller (2).
7. The fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers according to claim 1, wherein the conveying wind speed of the fan (11) is 5-20 m/s.
8. The fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers according to claim 1, wherein after fine opening is performed for a preset number of times, the obtained ultrafine fibers have a diameter of less than 10 μm and a length of 30-200 mm.
9. The fine opening device for dispersing ultrafine fibers according to claim 1, wherein the ultrafine fibers are one or more of polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethersulfone, polylactic acid, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl butyral, polybenzimidazole, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polycaprolactone, polyamic acid, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polypropylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polysulfone, polyethyleneimine, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyarylsulfone, polyurethane, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyimide, and aramid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210086149.0A CN114959955B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Fine opening device for dispersing superfine fibers |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210086149.0A CN114959955B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Fine opening device for dispersing superfine fibers |
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| CN114959955A CN114959955A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
| CN114959955B true CN114959955B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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| CN208440744U (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2019-01-29 | 吐鲁番常新纺织有限公司 | A kind of Blowing carding conjunction intelligence control system |
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| IT1245662B (en) * | 1990-01-23 | 1994-10-06 | Truetzschler & Co | DEVICE FOR OPENING AND CLEANING OF FIBER MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR COTTON |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102797076A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-11-28 | 苏拉（金坛）纺织机械有限公司 | Single-roller opener for regenerated fibers of waste textiles |
| CN204058689U (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-31 | 广东梅雁吉祥实业投资股份有限公司 | A kind of opener protecting fiber |
| CN204509540U (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2015-07-29 | 象山康丽针织厂 | Sizing is from porcupine opener repeatedly |
| WO2016173686A1 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-03 | TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG | Fitting for a carding machine |
| CN208440744U (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2019-01-29 | 吐鲁番常新纺织有限公司 | A kind of Blowing carding conjunction intelligence control system |
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