CN114950072B - Method for capturing and fixing carbon dioxide - Google Patents
Method for capturing and fixing carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN114950072B CN114950072B CN202110199686.1A CN202110199686A CN114950072B CN 114950072 B CN114950072 B CN 114950072B CN 202110199686 A CN202110199686 A CN 202110199686A CN 114950072 B CN114950072 B CN 114950072B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
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- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1493—Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
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- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of carbon dioxide absorption, and discloses a method for capturing and fixing carbon dioxide, which comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing organic amine and/or amino acid salt with a non-proton type polar solvent to form a mixed solution; (2) Contacting the gas containing carbon dioxide with the mixed solution to capture carbon dioxide and obtain a saturated solution for absorbing carbon dioxide; (3) Contacting the saturated solution with a lithium salt or lithium metal oxide to obtain a clarified solution; (4) The clarified solution was taken as Li-CO 2 Performing discharge reaction on the primary cell electrolyte to obtain elemental carbon and a product containing organic amine and/or amino acid salt; wherein the aprotic polar solvent has a viscosity of 1 to 2 mpa.s at 25 ℃. Through the technical scheme, the carbon dioxide capturing and fixing device not only has the function of capturing carbon dioxide and fixing the carbon dioxide, but also can expand the selection range of alkali metal compounds which can be used for capturing and fixing carbon in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas separation, in particular to a method for capturing and fixing carbon dioxide.
Background
In the context of global climate change, control of CO 2 Emissions have gradually become a consensus worldwide. CO reduction 2 The feasible technology of emissions to achieve sustainable power generation is one of the most urgent scientific challenges in our age.
Considerable effort has been expended by researchers in developing post-combustion carbon capture technologies, the most commercially mature of which is CO based on organic amine solutions 2 Trapping techniques such as Monoethanolamine (MEA). However, the large energy consumption required for post-capture regeneration limits the wide application of this technology, with the energy consumption required estimated to be up to 30% of the power generation capacity of the power plant. CO is therefore 2 Not only is provided withCarbon fixation and reuse after trapping are also CO 2 The emission reduction technology is of great importance.
CN107398143a discloses a nonaqueous absorbent for removing carbon dioxide from a gas mixture, which is composed of an amino acid salt and an alcohol organic solvent, wherein the weight percentage of the amino acid salt in the absorbent is 10% -45%. The absorbent is characterized in that the absorbent can produce sediment after absorbing carbon dioxide, and the system has the characteristics of phase change, has the advantages of high absorption rate, large absorption capacity, low regeneration energy consumption and the like, and can be applied to capturing and purifying carbon dioxide in gas mixtures such as flue gas, natural gas, synthetic gas and the like in power plants.
However, none of the current prior art is capable of achieving CO 2 The regeneration after trapping is combined with reuse.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the CO cannot be recycled in the prior art 2 The method can not only collect and fix the carbon dioxide, but also recycle the carbon element in the fixed carbon dioxide and directly convert the carbon element into elemental carbon while regenerating the absorbent.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of capturing and fixing carbon dioxide, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing organic amine and/or amino acid salt with a non-proton type polar solvent to form a mixed solution;
(2) Contacting the gas containing carbon dioxide with the mixed solution to capture carbon dioxide and obtain a saturated solution for absorbing carbon dioxide;
(3) Contacting the saturated solution with a lithium salt or lithium metal oxide to obtain a clarified solution;
(4) Carrying out discharge reaction on the clarified solution to obtain elemental carbon and a product containing organic amine and/or amino acid salt;
wherein the aprotic polar solvent has a viscosity of 1 to 2 mpa.s at 25 ℃.
Preferably, the aprotic polar solvent has a viscosity of 1.5 to 2 mpa.s at 25 ℃.
The inventor of the present invention found in the course of the study that the aprotic polar solvent with a specific viscosity and the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide are adopted, and the carbon dioxide is treated in the specific method, so that the carbon dioxide can be captured and fixed, carbon elements in the carbon dioxide can be directly converted into elemental carbon during carbon fixation, and the absorbent can be regenerated. The above object cannot be achieved by using a solvent and an alkali metal salt or alkali metal oxide which are not in the above specific viscosity range.
The method of the invention can directly enrich carbon on the negative electrode of the battery through capturing carbon dioxide gas, forming a clear solution with lithium salt or lithium metal oxide and then through the discharge reaction, thereby not only expanding the selection range of alkali metal compounds which can be used for capturing and fixing carbon in the prior art, providing a novel route for capturing and fixing carbon, but also providing a new thought and scheme for utilizing carbon dioxide.
Detailed Description
The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The invention provides a method for capturing and fixing carbon dioxide, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing organic amine and/or amino acid salt with a non-proton type polar solvent to form a mixed solution;
(2) Contacting the gas containing carbon dioxide with the mixed solution to capture carbon dioxide and obtain a saturated solution for absorbing carbon dioxide;
(3) Contacting the saturated solution with a lithium salt or lithium metal oxide to obtain a clarified solution;
(4) Carrying out discharge reaction on the clarified solution to obtain elemental carbon and a product containing organic amine and/or amino acid salt;
wherein the aprotic polar solvent has a viscosity of 1 to 2 mpa.s at 25 ℃.
In the invention, the step (1) comprises three schemes: 1. mixing organic amine with a nonionic polar solvent to form a mixed solution; 2. mixing an amino acid salt with a non-ionic polar solvent to form a mixed solution; 3. the organic amine, amino acid salt and aprotic polar solvent are mixed to form a mixed solution.
In the present invention, "the saturated solution is in contact with lithium salt or lithium metal oxide" includes two schemes: 1. the saturated solution is contacted with lithium salt, and 2, the saturated solution is contacted with lithium metal oxide.
In the invention, the step (2) is a carbon dioxide capturing process, and the step (3) and the step (4) are discharge reaction processes for recycling carbon elements, so that the carbon is captured and the enrichment of elemental carbon is realized.
In the present invention, the carbon dioxide-containing gas is not limited at all, as long as it contains carbon dioxide gas; for example, the carbon dioxide may be present in the carbon dioxide-containing gas at a volume concentration of 100% or less.
The organic amine and the amino acid salt are not particularly limited, and can be any corresponding type of absorbent for absorbing carbon dioxide existing in the field; for example, the organic amine may be at least one of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and 2-ethoxyethylamine, and the amino acid salt may be at least one of potassium glycinate, sodium glycinate, and potassium tryptophan.
In the present invention, the aprotic polar solvent is a low-viscosity aprotic polar solvent, preferably, the aprotic polar solvent has a viscosity of 1.5 to 2mpa·s at 25 ℃. The preferred scheme of the invention is more beneficial to dissolving polar organic amine and/or amino acid salt and is more beneficial to carrying out electrochemical reaction for enriching carbon when being used as electrolyte solvent of an electrochemical system.
According to the present invention, preferably, the aprotic polar solvent is selected from at least one of acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide, acetone, and pyridine.
According to the present invention, the concentration of the organic amine and/or amino acid salt may be selected in a wide range, and preferably, the concentration of the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the mixed solution is 0.05 to 2M. By adopting the preferable scheme of the invention, the discharge reaction is more facilitated.
More preferably, the concentration of the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the mixed solution is 0.05-1M, and may be, for example, 0.05M, 0.15M, 0.2M, 0.5M, 0.8M, 1M.
In the present invention, the lithium salt or the lithium metal oxide does not include lithium carbonate, and the lithium carbonate cannot realize carbon enrichment because a discharge reaction does not occur when the lithium salt or the lithium metal oxide is lithium carbonate.
The invention has wider optional range for the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide, as long as the discharge reaction can be realized; preferably, the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is selected from LiClO 4 、Li 2 O、Li 2 SO 4 And LiCl.
More preferably, the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is selected from LiClO 4 And/or Li 2 O, more preferably LiClO 4 。
According to the present invention, the concentration of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is selected to be wide, and preferably, the concentration of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is 0.15 to 2M with respect to the mixed solution. By adopting the preferable scheme of the invention, the carbon fixing effect is improved more favorably, and the materials are saved.
Preferably, the concentration of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is 0.15 to 1M, for example, 0.15M, 0.2M, 0.5M, 0.8M, 1M, relative to the mixed solution.
The condition of the capturing process is not particularly limited in the present invention, as long as carbon dioxide can be captured favorably, and can be adjusted as needed. Preferably, the temperature of the mixed solution during the trapping process is 20-50 ℃.
More preferably, in the trapping process, the temperature of the mixed solution is 20 to 40 ℃, for example, may be 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃. The mode of controlling the temperature of the mixed solution is not limited in the present invention, as long as the control of the temperature thereof is achieved within the above-mentioned range, and the temperature of the mixed solution is preferably controlled by a water bath.
Preferably, in the step (3), the temperature of the saturated solution is 20 to 50 ℃.
More preferably, in the step (3), the temperature of the saturated solution is 20 to 40 ℃, for example, may be 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃. The present invention is not limited in the manner of controlling the temperature of the saturated solution, as long as the control of the temperature thereof is achieved within the above-mentioned range, and the temperature of the saturated solution is preferably controlled by a water bath.
In the present invention, the step (1), the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4) are preferably performed under normal pressure and stirring conditions independently, and the stirring rate is not limited, and can be freely selected according to practical requirements by a person skilled in the art, for example, can be 100-1000rpm.
The present invention is not limited to the discharge reaction as long as it can enrich C from carbon dioxide. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of the discharge reaction includes: the clarified solution is used as electrolyte and is combined with positive electrode and negative electrode to form Li-CO 2 And a primary cell which performs a discharge reaction to obtain elemental carbon at the negative electrode, and regenerates a product containing an organic amine and/or an amino acid salt in the electrolyte. In this preferred embodiment, the regenerated organic amine and/or amino acid salt is obtained when the carbon element in the electrolyte is fully enriched.
In the present invention, the Li-CO 2 In the primary cell, a Li metal electrode is a positive electrode, a carbon electrode is a negative electrode, and an electrolyte is an aprotic polar solvent saturated solution for absorbing carbon dioxide. In the discharge reaction, carbon is continuously enriched on the negative electrode, and Li metal in the Li metal electrode is continuously changedThe Li ions are supplemented in the electrolyte to discharge, and spontaneous chemical energy is converted into electric energy. Wherein, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively preferably a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises subjecting the organic amine and/or amino acid salt-containing product to solid-liquid separation to obtain the organic amine and/or amino acid salt and the aprotic polar solvent.
The solid-liquid separation method of the present invention is not limited, and any conventional solid-liquid separation method may be used as long as separation of the organic amine and/or the amino acid salt from the aprotic polar solvent can be achieved.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for capturing and fixing carbon dioxide includes:
(1) Mixing organic amine and/or amino acid salt with a non-proton type polar solvent to form a mixed solution with the concentration of 0.05-2M, and keeping the temperature of the mixed solution at 20-50 ℃ through a water bath;
wherein the aprotic polar solvent has a viscosity of 1-2 mPa-s at 25 ℃;
(2) Contacting a gas containing carbon dioxide with the mixed solution, capturing carbon dioxide to obtain a saturated solution absorbing carbon dioxide, and maintaining the temperature of the saturated solution at 20-50 ℃ through a water bath;
(3) Contacting the saturated solution with lithium salt or lithium metal oxide under stirring, and mixing to obtain a clear solution with the concentration of the lithium salt or the lithium metal oxide of 0.15-2M;
(4) The clarified solution was taken as Li-CO 2 And (3) placing the electrolyte of the primary cell into the primary cell with the Li metal electrode as a positive electrode and the carbon electrode as a negative electrode, and performing discharge reaction to obtain elemental carbon enriched on the negative electrode and obtain a regenerated product containing organic amine and/or amino acid salt.
The invention uses the clarified solution obtained in the step (3) as Li-CO 2 A battery electrolyte for discharging carbon from the absorbed carbon dioxide in the clarified solutionElemental C is converted into elemental C to precipitate and concentrate on a negative electrode C plate, and simultaneously, organic amine and/or amino acid salt which absorbs carbon dioxide are regenerated; the carbon dioxide can be trapped and fixed, and carbon elements in the fixed carbon dioxide can be reused and directly converted into elemental carbon while the absorbent is regenerated.
The present invention will be described in detail by examples. In the examples below, the starting materials referred to are all commercially available unless otherwise indicated;
wherein the catalyst contains CO 2 CO in the gas of (a) 2 Is 99.995%;
organic amine: 2-ethoxyethylamine (EEA);
amino acid salt: anhydrous sodium glycinate;
low viscosity aprotic polar solvents: DMSO, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile;
lithium salts or lithium metal oxides: liClO (LiClO) 4 ，Li 2 O，Li 2 SO 4 。
Example 1
EEA and DMSO (the viscosity of the solvent is 1.98 mPas) are first mixed to form a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of EEA in the mixed solution is 0.1M.
Will contain CO 2 And (3) introducing the gas into the mixed solution to reach absorption saturation, so as to obtain a saturated solution with carbon dioxide absorbed.
Adding 0.3M LiClO to the saturated solution 4 And LiClO was allowed to stand at a stirring speed of 500rpm 4 Thoroughly mixing with the saturated solution to obtain a clear solution.
The clarified solution was taken as Li-CO 2 The battery electrolyte is placed in a primary battery with a Li metal electrode as a positive electrode and a carbon electrode as a negative electrode to perform discharge reaction, and elemental carbon generated after reduction after the reaction is finished is enriched on the negative electrode and simultaneously absorbs CO 2 The organic amine saturated solution of (2) is regenerated.
During the whole process, the normal pressure was maintained, and the temperature was maintained at about 40℃by a water bath.
In the above-described discharge reaction process, the discharge current is detected by a ammeter, and the potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is detected by a voltmeter. The discharge current was detected to be 0.2A, the potential difference was 3V, and there were significant current and significant potential difference.
Comparative example 1
A mixed solution, a saturated solution were obtained in this order as in example 1, and a corresponding test was conducted, except that acetonitrile (the solvent had a viscosity of 0.37 mPa.s) was used in place of the DMSO in the same amount, and 0.3M LiClO was added to the obtained saturated solution 4 And LiClO was allowed to stand at a stirring speed of 500rpm 4 Fully mixing the solution with the saturated solution to obtain a turbid solution; the turbid solution is used as Li-CO 2 The battery electrolyte was subjected to a discharge reaction in the same manner as in example 1.
The discharge current was detected to be 0A and the potential difference was detected to be 0V. That is, it was revealed that the above-obtained turbid solution could not be used as Li-CO 2 The battery electrolyte enriches carbon.
Example 2
The procedure of example 1 was followed and a corresponding test was carried out, except that the EEA was replaced with the same amount of anhydrous sodium glycinate.
The discharge current was detected to be 0.05A and the potential difference was 1V.
Example 3
The procedure of example 1 was followed and corresponding tests were carried out, except that the same amount of Li was used 2 O replaces the LiClO 4 。
The discharge current was detected to be 0.05A and the potential difference was detected to be 0.8V.
Example 4
The procedure of example 1 was followed and corresponding tests were carried out, except that the same amount of Li was used 2 SO 4 Replacing the LiClO 4 。
The discharge current was detected to be 0.05A and the potential difference was detected to be 0.8V.
Example 5
The procedure of example 1 was followed and the corresponding test was carried out, except that the DMSO was replaced with the same amount of dimethylformamide (viscosity of the solvent: 1 mPas).
The discharge current was 0.05A and the potential difference was 0.6V, as tested.
Example 6
The procedure of example 1 was followed and corresponding tests were performed, except that LiClO was used as described 4 Is 2M.
The discharge current was detected to be 0.1A and the potential difference was detected to be 2V.
Example 7
The procedure of example 1 was followed and corresponding tests were performed, except that the concentration of EEA in the mixed solution was 2M.
The discharge current was detected to be 0.1A and the potential difference was detected to be 2V.
As is evident from the above examples 1-7 and comparative example 1, CO can be produced using the scheme of the present invention 2 Trapping and further forming a primary cell, the discharge reaction being able to be generated by being able to detect the current and the potential difference, and the weight increase of the negative electrode being able to be known by weighing the negative electrode; the invention shows that the specific technical scheme can realize the process of preparing the catalyst from CO 2 C recycling enriched on the negative electrode.
It is evident from comparative example 1 and comparative example 1 that carbon enrichment on the negative electrode can be achieved only when the solvent of the present invention having a specific viscosity is used.
As is clear from the comparison of example 1 and example 5, a better effect can be obtained by using the preferred aprotic polar solvent of the present invention having a specific viscosity. As is evident from the comparison of example 1 and example 6, a better effect is obtained with the solution of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide in the preferred concentration according to the invention. As can be seen from a comparison of example 1 and example 7, a better result is obtained with the preferred concentrations of organic amine and/or amino acid salt according to the present invention.
The comparative examples of the present invention are not prior art, but are provided only for the purpose of highlighting the effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, a number of simple variants of the technical solution of the invention are possible, including combinations of the individual technical features in any other suitable way, which simple variants and combinations should likewise be regarded as being disclosed by the invention, all falling within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (48)
1. A method of capturing and fixing carbon dioxide, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing organic amine and/or amino acid salt with a non-proton type polar solvent to form a mixed solution;
(2) Contacting the gas containing carbon dioxide with the mixed solution to capture carbon dioxide and obtain a saturated solution for absorbing carbon dioxide;
(3) Contacting the saturated solution with a lithium salt or lithium metal oxide to obtain a clarified solution;
(4) Carrying out discharge reaction on the clarified solution to obtain elemental carbon and a product containing organic amine and/or amino acid salt;
wherein the aprotic polar solvent has a viscosity of 1 to 2 mpa.s at 25 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aprotic polar solvent has a viscosity of 1.5-2 mPa-s at 25 ℃.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the aprotic polar solvent is selected from at least one of acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, acetone, and pyridine.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the concentration of the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the mixed solution is 0.05-2M.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the concentration of the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the mixed solution is 0.05-1M.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5, wherein the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is selected from LiClO 4 、Li 2 O、Li 2 SO 4 And LiCl.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is selected from LiClO 4 And/or Li 2 O。
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the lithium salt is LiClO 4 。
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is selected from LiClO 4 、Li 2 O、Li 2 SO 4 And LiCl.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is selected from LiClO 4 And/or Li 2 O。
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the lithium salt is LiClO 4 。
12. The method of any one of claims 1-3, 5, and 7-11, wherein the concentration of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide relative to the mixed solution is 0.15-2M.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the concentration of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide relative to the mixed solution is 0.15-1M.
14. The method according to claim 4, wherein the concentration of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide is 0.15-2M relative to the mixed solution.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the concentration of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide relative to the mixed solution is 0.15-1M.
16. The method of claim 6, wherein the concentration of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide relative to the mixed solution is 0.15-2M.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the concentration of the lithium salt or lithium metal oxide relative to the mixed solution is 0.15-1M.
18. The method of any one of claims 1-3, 5, 7-11, and 13-17, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution during the trapping process is 20-50 ℃.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution during the trapping process is 20-40 ℃.
20. The method according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is 20-50 ℃ during the trapping process.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution during the trapping process is 20-40 ℃.
22. The method according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is 20-50 ℃ during the trapping process.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution during the trapping process is 20-40 ℃.
24. The method of claim 12, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is 20-50 ℃ during the trapping process.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution during the trapping process is 20-40 ℃.
26. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, 5, 7-11, 13-17 and 19-25, wherein in step (3), the saturated solution has a temperature of 20-50 ℃.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein in step (3), the saturated solution has a temperature of 20-40 ℃.
28. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the temperature of the saturated solution is 20-50 ℃.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein in step (3), the saturated solution has a temperature of 20-40 ℃.
30. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the temperature of the saturated solution is 20-50 ℃.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein in step (3), the saturated solution has a temperature of 20-40 ℃.
32. The method according to claim 12, wherein in the step (3), the temperature of the saturated solution is 20-50 ℃.
33. The method of claim 32, wherein in step (3), the saturated solution has a temperature of 20-40 ℃.
34. The method of claim 18, wherein in step (3), the saturated solution has a temperature of 20-50 ℃.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein in step (3), the saturated solution has a temperature of 20-40 ℃.
36. The method of any one of claims 1-3, 5, 7-11, 13-17, 19-25, and 27-35, wherein the process of the discharge reaction comprises: the clarified solution is used as electrolyte and is combined with positive electrode and negative electrode to form Li-CO 2 A primary cell that performs a discharge reaction, wherein the primary cell is formed byPositive directionElemental carbon is obtained on the electrode while regenerating the product containing the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the electrolyte.
37. The method of claim 4, wherein the process of the discharge reaction comprises: the clarified solution is used as electrolyte and is combined with positive electrode and negative electrode to form Li-CO 2 A primary cell that performs a discharge reaction, wherein the primary cell is formed byPositive directionElemental carbon is obtained on the electrode while regenerating the product containing the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the electrolyte.
38. The method of claim 6, wherein the process of the discharge reaction comprises: the clarified solution is used as electrolyte and is combined with positive electrode and negative electrode to form Li-CO 2 A primary cell that performs a discharge reaction, wherein the primary cell is formed byPositive directionElemental carbon is obtained on the electrode while regenerating the product containing the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the electrolyte.
39. The method of claim 12, wherein the process of the discharge reaction comprises: the clarified solution is used as electrolyte and is combined with positive electrode and negative electrode to form Li-CO 2 A primary cell that performs a discharge reaction, wherein the primary cell is formed byPositive directionElemental carbon is obtained on the electrode while regenerating the product containing the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the electrolyte.
40. The method of claim 18, wherein the process of discharging the reaction comprises: the clarified solution is used as electrolyte and is combined with positive electrode and negative electrode to form Li-CO 2 A primary cell that performs a discharge reaction, wherein the primary cell is formed byPositive directionElemental carbon is obtained on the electrode while regenerating the product containing the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the electrolyte.
41. The method of claim 26, wherein the process of discharging the reaction comprises: the clarified solution is used as electrolyte and is combined with positive electrode and negative electrode to form Li-CO 2 A primary cell that performs a discharge reaction, wherein the primary cell is formed byPositive directionElemental carbon is obtained on the electrode while regenerating the product containing the organic amine and/or amino acid salt in the electrolyte.
42. The process of any one of claims 1-3, 5, 7-11, 13-17, 19-25, 27-35, and 37-41, wherein the process further comprises subjecting the organic amine and/or amino acid salt-containing product to solid-liquid separation to provide the organic amine and/or amino acid salt and the aprotic polar solvent.
43. The process of claim 4, further comprising subjecting the organic amine and/or amino acid salt-containing product to solid-liquid separation to provide the organic amine and/or amino acid salt and the aprotic polar solvent.
44. The method of claim 6, further comprising subjecting the organic amine and/or amino acid salt-containing product to solid-liquid separation to provide the organic amine and/or amino acid salt and the aprotic polar solvent.
45. The method of claim 12, further comprising subjecting the organic amine and/or amino acid salt-containing product to solid-liquid separation to provide the organic amine and/or amino acid salt and the aprotic polar solvent.
46. The method of claim 18, further comprising subjecting the organic amine and/or amino acid salt-containing product to solid-liquid separation to provide an organic amine and/or amino acid salt and an aprotic polar solvent.
47. The method of claim 26, further comprising subjecting the organic amine and/or amino acid salt-containing product to solid-liquid separation to provide an organic amine and/or amino acid salt and an aprotic polar solvent.
48. The method of claim 36, further comprising subjecting the organic amine and/or amino acid salt-containing product to solid-liquid separation to provide an organic amine and/or amino acid salt and an aprotic polar solvent.
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