CN114946544A - Degraded grassland reseeding method for warming and preserving soil moisture and application - Google Patents
Degraded grassland reseeding method for warming and preserving soil moisture and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946544A CN114946544A CN202210724828.6A CN202210724828A CN114946544A CN 114946544 A CN114946544 A CN 114946544A CN 202210724828 A CN202210724828 A CN 202210724828A CN 114946544 A CN114946544 A CN 114946544A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010621 Medicago sativa subsp falcata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010624 Medicago sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000046070 Medicago sativa subsp falcata Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007298 Megathyrsus maximus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 nitrogen-phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000511730 Leymus chinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017585 Medicago sativa ssp. falcata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000039024 alfalfa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of ecological environment treatment and restoration, and provides a temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving supplementary sowing method for deteriorated grasslands and application thereof. The invention relates to a temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving supplementary sowing method of deteriorated grassland, which comprises the following steps: adopting a complementary sowing mode of inverted T-shaped ditching to perform complementary sowing on the deteriorated grassland; the depth of the ditching is 4-6 CM. By using the reseeding method, the temperature and the humidity of the soil environment in the sowing trench can be improved, the problem of low survival rate of seedlings caused by low-temperature drought in the reseeding of the grasslands can be well solved, the successful planting probability of the reseeding species in the natural grasslands is greatly improved, and the technical support is provided for building the high-yield and stable natural grasslands. The reseeding production process is simple, low in cost, high in economic and ecological values, high in practicability, high in popularization and wide in application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecological environment treatment and restoration, and provides a temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving supplementary sowing method for deteriorated grasslands and application thereof.
Background
Due to the relative fragility of the ecological environment in which grass is located, in addition to artificial and unreasonable exploitation and utilization, many grass fields are degraded to different degrees. The excellent pasture can be reseeded on the natural grassland, the productivity of the grassland can be improved, the vegetation community structure can be improved, and the recovery process of the grassland ecosystem can be shortened. However, the reseeding species are difficult to establish and plant in the natural grasslands due to the bad weather environment, the lack of nutrients of the deteriorated grasslands and the like.
Temperature is one of the leading factors affecting seed germination. The temperature of the grassland soil is greatly changed by weather factors, the germination rate, the germination potential and the vitality index of seeds are reduced under the low-temperature condition, and the growth of seedlings and young roots is also obviously inhibited. Therefore, under the condition of climate fluctuation, the temperature of the soil is maintained as much as possible, the high germination rate of the reseeded seeds is favorably maintained, and the problems of poor wintering performance and the like caused by low-temperature stress can be avoided. Meanwhile, the water content is usually the first limiting factor for the growth of grassland plants in northern China. Soil moisture can significantly affect the plant height of pasture grasses and the growth of roots, stems, leaves, and thus, the yield and quality of grasslands.
In conclusion, providing proper water and heat conditions for seed germination and survival at the initial stage of the reseeding and planting is an important basis for ensuring the successful planting of the reseeding species on the natural grassland. However, in the prior art, a deteriorated grassland reseeding method which is low in cost, simple in operation, obvious in effect and suitable for large-scale popularization on deteriorated natural grasslands does not exist, so that the problems that reseeding species emerge from a deteriorated grassland which is poor in water heat and nutrients and are difficult to survive in a general sowing mode are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a deteriorated grassland reseeding method for warming and preserving soil moisture and application thereof, which are used for solving the problems that reseeding species emerge from a deteriorated grassland with poor water heat and nutrients and are difficult to survive in a common sowing mode in the prior art, and the deteriorated grassland reseeding method is suitable for large-scale popularization on deteriorated natural grasslands.
The invention provides a temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving supplementary sowing method for deteriorated grasslands, which comprises the following steps: adopting a complementary sowing mode of inverted T-shaped ditching to perform complementary sowing on the deteriorated grassland; the depth of the ditching is 4-6 CM. The inventors thought that the water content of the surface layer of 0-5cm soil is important in the early stage of seedling growth, and as the seedling grows, the root system extends further downward, and the soil water in the deeper layer also shows its effect. In the initial stage of the establishment of the reseeding species, the water content of the surface layer of the soil can be maintained by using the reseeding mode, and the germination and rooting of seeds are facilitated.
The invention provides a method for reseeding degraded grassland with warming and soil moisture conservation, wherein the depth of ditching is 4.5-5.5CM, and preferably 5 CM.
Preferably, the reseeding is completed by a pasture no-tillage planter equipped with an inverted T-shaped furrow opener.
Preferably, the deteriorated grassland is replanted in an inverse T-shaped ditching no-tillage replanting mode.
Preferably, the pasture no-tillage planter has the functions of ditching, fertilizing, reseeding, earthing and pressing. The invention forms an inverted T-shaped sowing ditch with smaller contact area with the outside through the no-tillage additional sowing mode of inverted T-shaped ditching, which not only can reduce the disturbance to the soil, but also is beneficial to reducing the water dispersion of the soil and maintaining the temperature of the soil, and simultaneously fertilizes to increase the content of available nutrients, thereby improving the probability of successful establishment of the additional sowing species on the natural grassland.
According to the method for reseeding the degraded grassland with the functions of warming and preserving soil moisture, provided by the invention, the reseeding species is leguminous pasture and/or gramineous pasture.
Preferably, the reseeded species is alfalfa and/or guinea grass; further preferred alfalfa is alfalfa and/or alfalfa.
According to the method for replanting the deteriorated grassland with the functions of warming and preserving the soil moisture, the replanting mode is no-tillage replanting. The method selects a no-tillage reseeding seeding mode, avoids the agronomic measures of deep plowing, ditching and the like which have large damage degree to the original grassland, and reserves the habitat of the original grassland vegetation of the grassland and carbon-nitrogen nutrients in soil.
According to the temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving supplementary sowing method for the deteriorated grassland, the deteriorated grassland is subjected to supplementary sowing in summer.
According to the temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving supplementary sowing method for the deteriorated grassland, provided by the invention, the deteriorated grassland is subjected to supplementary sowing and fertilization at the same time.
According to the method for reseeding the degraded grassland with the functions of warming and preserving soil moisture, provided by the invention, the fertilizer applied is a phosphate fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the fertilizer is used in the following amount: 10-15kg of calcium superphosphate per mu or 8-12kg of diammonium phosphate per mu.
More preferably, the fertilizer is used in the following amount: 10-12kg of calcium superphosphate per mu or 8.5-9.5kg of diammonium phosphate per mu.
Still further preferably, the fertilizer is used in an amount of: 10kg of calcium superphosphate per mu or 9kg of diammonium phosphate per mu.
The temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving supplementary sowing method of the deteriorated grassland is used for mild, moderate or severe deteriorated grassland.
According to the temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving reseeding method for the deteriorated grassland, the reseeding method is used for the deteriorated grassland in northern China.
The invention provides an application of any one of the temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving supplementary sowing methods for the deteriorated grasslands in the following steps:
1) the water loss of soil is reduced;
2) maintaining or increasing soil temperature;
3) the emergence rate of the seeds is improved;
4) the survival rate of the seeds is improved;
5) improving the productivity of grasslands.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method for reseeding the deteriorated grassland adopts the inverted T-shaped furrow opener to ditch for 4-6cm, is beneficial to reducing the water dispersion of soil and maintaining the temperature of the soil, provides good conditions of soil moisture and temperature for subsequent reseeding species, and effectively improves the emergence rate and the survival rate of seeds, thereby greatly increasing the success rate of reseeding and repairing the deteriorated grassland.
(2) The method for reseeding the degraded grassland has the effects of warming and preserving soil moisture, is low in cost, simple to operate, obvious in effect and suitable for large-scale popularization on the degraded natural grassland.
(3) The reseeding method of the deteriorated grassland has good application effect. The method for replanting the deteriorated grassland can improve the temperature and the humidity of the soil environment in the sowing trench, can better alleviate the problem of low survival rate of emergence caused by low-temperature drought in the replanting of the grassland, greatly improves the successful establishment and planting probability of the replanting species in the natural grassland, and provides technical support for establishing high-yield and stable natural grassland. The reseeding production process used by the invention is simple, has low cost, extremely high economic and ecological values, higher practicability and popularization and very wide application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows the variation of relative humidity of soil according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the temperature change of soil according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the survival of alfalfa under different ditching depths and modes in example 1 of the present invention,
in the abscissa, the expression "V5 + Alf + P" means that a V-shaped furrow opener is used for ditching for 5cm, alfalfa is planted, and calcium superphosphate is applied for 10 kg/mu; the expression of T5+ Mix + NP is that an inverted T-shaped furrow opener is used for ditching for 5cm, mixed seeds of alfalfa and leymus chinensis are planted, and 9 kg/mu of diamine phosphate is applied; the expression of T8+ Alf + P is that an inverted T-shaped furrow opener is used for ditching for 8cm, alfalfa is planted, and calcium superphosphate is applied for 10 kg/mu; the expression of T5+ Alf + P is that an inverted T-shaped furrow opener is used for ditching for 5cm, alfalfa is planted, and calcium superphosphate is applied for 10 kg/mu;
the ordinate represents the area ratio of emergence;
FIG. 4 shows a sowing groove formed by the V-shaped furrow opener of the embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 5 shows a sowing groove formed by the inverted T-shaped furrow opener according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention relates to a temperature-increasing and soil moisture-preserving method for reseeding degraded grassland, which comprises the following steps:
sowing time: year 2020, 6 months
Sowing place: the ninth production team in the Chenba tiger Tenihe farm pasture of Hulunbel City of inner Mongolia autonomous region (49 ° 20 '-49 ° 26' N, 119 ° 55 '-120 ° 9' E)
Sowing method
Adopting a no-tillage planter provided with an inverted T-shaped furrow opener to carry out a reseeding improvement test on the Renbell light and medium degraded meadow grassland, selecting yellow alfalfa, alfalfa and leymus chinensis as reseeding species, wherein the ditching depth is 5cm, and simultaneously using the treatment of seeding in a V-shaped seeding ditch formed by the no-tillage planter provided with a double-disc furrow opener and the treatment of the ditching depth is 8cm as a contrast. Soil humiture monitors (DS1923, Shanghai Wo Dison electronic technology Co., Ltd.) are buried in the ditching positions, soil humiture changes in the sowing ditches are monitored, emergence of the reseeding grass seeds and survival of the reseeding grass seeds after 30 days are monitored, and influences of different ditchers and different ditching depths on the establishment of the reseeding species are analyzed.
Sowing effect:
influence of different furrow openers on soil temperature and humidity
From 17 days 6 months to 6 days 9 months in 2020, the temperature and humidity monitor is buried in the soil of the sowing ditch of different furrow openers, and the monitoring results are as follows: the test results show that the inverted T-shaped furrow opener has a very remarkable water retention effect (P <0.001) compared with the V-shaped furrow opener (Table 1; figure 1), and meanwhile, the monitoring results (Table 2; figure 2) also show that the inverted T-shaped furrow opener has a remarkable heat retention effect (P <0.001) compared with the V-shaped furrow opener.
TABLE 1 soil relative humidity conditions (2020.7.19-9.6)
TABLE 2 soil temperature conditions (2020.6.17-9.23)
Effect of different furrow openers on reseeding species establishment
After sowing for one month, investigation is carried out on the emergence and survival conditions of reseeded grass seeds (Table 3), and the difference of the influence of the inverted T-shaped furrow opener and the V-shaped furrow opener on the emergence and survival of alfalfa planted is obvious (P)<0.05), the emergence rate and the survival rate of the medicago falcata re-sowed by the inverted T-shaped furrow opener are the highest and respectively reach 138.47 strains/m 2 And 81.47 strains/m 2 (ii) a Meanwhile, the emergence rate and the survival rate of the alfalfa are higher in the treatment of the inverted T-shaped furrow opener and reach 63.35 plants/m respectively 2 And 66.43 strain/m 2 。
TABLE 3 emergence and survival of alfalfa
Effect of different ditching depths on reseeding species establishment
Through investigating the survival condition of the alfalfa at the end of the growing season (9 months and 14 days in 2019), the survival condition in the inverted T-shaped ditching treatment is obviously higher than that in the V-shaped ditching seeding treatment in comparison of different ditching modes, seeding depths and fertilization treatments in a comprehensive way no matter the yellow alfalfa or the alfalfa; meanwhile, the survival condition of the alfalfa under the furrow depth of 5cm is better than that of the alfalfa treated under the furrow depth of 8 cm.
Therefore, the degraded grassland after-planting method for warming and preserving soil moisture provided by the invention adopts an inverted T-shaped furrow opener for no-tillage after-planting, sets the furrow depth to be 5cm, forms a sowing furrow with a narrow top and a wide bottom, can reduce the loss of soil moisture to the greatest extent, maintains the soil temperature, forms a plaque microenvironment required by the growth of the after-planting plants, lightens the underground competition of the original biological species for the after-planting species, provides conditions for seed germination, greatly improves the successful establishment probability of the after-planting species in the natural grassland, and provides technical support for establishing the high-yield and stable natural grassland. Has high economic and ecological values, high practicability, high popularization and wide application.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for reseeding degraded grassland with warming and soil moisture conservation is characterized by comprising the following steps: adopting a complementary sowing mode of inverted T-shaped ditching to perform complementary sowing on the deteriorated grassland; the depth of the ditching is 4-6 CM.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the depth of the furrow is 4.5 CM to 5.5 CM.
3. The method for reseeding deteriorated grassland with increased temperature and soil moisture according to claim 1, wherein the reseeding species is leguminous and/or gramineous grasses;
preferably, the reseeded species is alfalfa and/or guinea grass.
4. The method for reseeding deteriorated grassland with increased temperature and soil moisture according to claim 3, wherein the reseeding species is medicago falcata and/or medicago sativa.
5. The method for reseeding deteriorated grassland with increased temperature and moisture according to claim 1, wherein the reseeding is performed in a no-tillage mode.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the deteriorated grassland is replanted in summer.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deteriorated grassland is applied with fertilizer simultaneously with the temperature increase and soil moisture conservation.
8. The method for reseeding a deteriorated grassland by increasing the temperature and preserving the soil moisture as claimed in claim 7, wherein the fertilizer applied is a phosphate fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer.
9. Method for the reseeding of deteriorated grasslands with increased temperature and moisture preservation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reseeding method is used for mild, moderate or severe deteriorated grasslands.
10. Use of the method for the reseeding of deteriorated grass fields with increased temperature and preserved soil moisture according to any one of claims 1 to 9) in any one of the following 1) to 5):
1) the water loss of soil is reduced;
2) maintaining or increasing soil temperature;
3) the emergence rate of the seeds is improved;
4) the survival rate of the seeds is improved;
5) improving the productivity of grasslands.
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CN116158311A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-05-26 | 新疆农业大学 | Method for reseeding grass seeds on natural grasslands |
CN117770074A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-03-29 | 吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心) | Degraded grassland restoration method for promoting natural vegetation updating |
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CN116158311A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-05-26 | 新疆农业大学 | Method for reseeding grass seeds on natural grasslands |
CN117770074A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-03-29 | 吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心) | Degraded grassland restoration method for promoting natural vegetation updating |
CN117770074B (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-05-17 | 吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心) | Degraded grassland restoration method for promoting natural vegetation updating |
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