CN114944769A - Current energy-taking device - Google Patents
Current energy-taking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114944769A CN114944769A CN202210566797.6A CN202210566797A CN114944769A CN 114944769 A CN114944769 A CN 114944769A CN 202210566797 A CN202210566797 A CN 202210566797A CN 114944769 A CN114944769 A CN 114944769A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J11/00—Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed or converted
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a current energy-taking device, which comprises: the current energy-taking module is used for obtaining electric energy from the cable to be tested; the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit is used for converting a magnetic field signal of the cable to be tested into an analog electric signal; the micro-control processing unit is used for carrying out operation statistics and analysis of digital filtering on the analog electric signals and transmitting analysis results to the wireless transmission module; and the wireless transmission module is used for communicating the wireless micro-power consumption sensing system terminal with the cloud server for the current data sensed by the system. By adopting the invention, the integration of wireless passive power taking, micro-power current monitoring and remote real-time transmission is realized, the remote data real-time acquisition and measurement can be realized without additionally laying a power line and a communication line, and the invention has higher use value and application prospect in various power monitoring fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless micro-power consumption sensing systems, and particularly relates to a current energy-taking device.
Background
In the fields of rail transit, power supply systems and the like, which relate to power monitoring, the sensing of electrical signals generally occurs in train electrical fault diagnosis, train electric energy calculation and energy consumption special diagnosis distribution, and electric power grid electric energy quality analysis and fault judgment; at present, sensing measurement, statistical analysis and passive wireless transmission of electric signals are difficult in non-contact, most of main sensing systems in the market are contact type, active type or non-contact sensing units with relatively large volume, and the traditional wired active contact type measurement scheme has the following limitations:
(1) the sensing system needs large voltage power supply to cause high energy consumption of the system, and a test site is required to have a replaceable large-capacity power supply or an external circuit to obtain a condition of a stable power supply;
(2) the wired active cable wiring relates to the construction of cable ducts, and a large amount of engineering cost, equipment cost, maintenance cost and labor cost need to be consumed in the aspect of engineering;
(3) the touch sensing unit has relatively strict requirements on the field sensing measurement environment, the complexity of physical structure and cable distribution under most measurement scenes is wide, the installation environment of the touch sensor cannot be met, and the wired transmission type has various time-space limitation problems that data transmission is not timely, a designated platform is required for data analysis and downloading, and the like,
therefore, a current energy-taking device is needed to solve the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a current energy-taking device, and aims to solve the problems of troublesome installation, poor reliability, frequent power supply replacement, untimely data, space-time limitation, higher engineering and labor cost and the like of the traditional contact type active large-power-consumption sensing monitoring unit in the current market.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: a current energy-harvesting device comprising:
the current energy-taking module is used for obtaining electric energy from the cable to be tested;
the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit is connected with the current energy-taking module and is used for converting the magnetic field signal of the cable to be tested into an analog electric signal;
the micro-control processing unit is respectively connected with the current energy-taking module and the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit, and is used for carrying out digital filtering operation statistics and analysis on the analog electric signal and transmitting an analysis result to the wireless transmission module;
and the wireless transmission module is connected with the micro control processing unit and is used for communicating the wireless micro power consumption sensing system terminal with the cloud server for the current data sensed by the system.
Preferably, the current energy-taking module comprises an electricity-taking coil loop, an electric energy conversion circuit and a voltage-stabilizing energy storage circuit;
the power taking coil loop surrounds the power taking magnetic ring, when a signal to be detected passes through the power taking magnetic ring, the power taking coil loop induces and generates current to be transmitted to the electric energy conversion circuit, and the current is rectified into direct current electric energy by the electric energy conversion circuit to be transmitted to the voltage stabilizing energy storage circuit to store the electric energy.
Preferably, the power taking coil loop comprises a current transformer and a power taking power supply rectifying circuit;
the current transformer is sleeved on the cable to be tested to obtain a magnetic field signal of the cable to be tested as an input signal;
the power supply rectifying circuit and the current transformer are used for rectifying the alternating current signals.
Preferably, the wireless micro-power consumption sensing system further comprises a DC-DC converter, an input of the DC-DC converter is connected with an output of the power supply rectifying circuit, an output of the DC-DC converter is connected with a load, and the DC-DC converter is used for performing rectification processing and chopping voltage drop of electric energy to obtain an output voltage conforming to the cable monitoring device.
Preferably, the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit comprises a micro-power-consumption sensing IC, a power supply capacitor, a voltage-stabilizing buffer capacitor and a decoupling circuit;
the power supply capacitor is connected with a power supply and a ground pin of the micro-power consumption sensing IC through a patch capacitor, the voltage stabilizing buffer capacitor is externally connected with a standard zero potential and a digital zero potential of the micro-power consumption sensing IC, and a test interface and a temperature compensation interface of the micro-power consumption sensing IC are connected with the decoupling circuit.
Preferably, the micro control processing unit comprises a micro control processor (MCU), a crystal oscillator system, an AD conversion circuit and a serial port transmission circuit;
the MCU is respectively connected with the crystal oscillator system and the AD conversion circuit;
and the micro control processor MCU is connected with the wireless transmission module through the serial port transmission circuit.
Preferably, the micro-control processing unit further comprises a power module, wherein the power module comprises a main control chip, a sampling conditioning circuit, a wireless communication module and an indicator light;
the main control chip comprises a processing chip, a peripheral circuit of the processing chip and a ferroelectric temporary storage circuit;
the sampling conditioning circuit comprises a current sampling conditioning circuit, a voltage sampling conditioning circuit and a switch;
the current sampling conditioning circuit and the voltage sampling conditioning circuit are used for sampling, filtering and modulating signals monitored in real time in a signal sampling conditioning area;
the switch is used for realizing sampling, conditioning and switching of a current signal and a voltage signal;
the indicating lamp is used for indicating the power supply state and the signal transmission state of the circuit.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the invention, by designing a current energy taking device, the problem of traditional wiring active power supply is solved by using a current loop power taking technology, and the problems of large power consumption, large volume, poor environmental adaptability, complex installation, high cost and large engineering quantity of contact type measuring equipment are solved by using a micro-power consumption surface-mounted current sensing technology; the problems of low data real-time degree, space-time limitation of data collection and the like of an active cable type sensing system are solved by utilizing the micro-power consumption processing unit and the wireless transmission technology, and by adopting the integrated wireless passive power taking, micro-power consumption current monitoring and remote real-time transmission, the remote data real-time acquisition and measurement can be realized without additionally laying a power line and a communication line, and the integrated wireless passive power taking, micro-power consumption current monitoring and remote real-time transmission system has higher use value and application prospect in various power monitoring fields.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a current energy-extracting module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a schematic framework of a micro-control processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a current energy-obtaining module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a design framework of a current energy-harvesting module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a CT power-taking circuit diagram considering the nonlinear characteristics of the CT magnetic core according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram for testing parameters of a current transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a fully active rectifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram illustrating a control of an all-active rectifier circuit with phase shift control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a topology diagram of a DC-DC conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a current energy-taking device, including: the device comprises a current energy-taking module, a micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit, a micro-control processing unit and a wireless transmission module.
The current energy-taking module is used for obtaining electric energy from the signal cable to be tested.
The micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit is used for electromagnetically converting a current magnetic field of a cable to be measured into an analog electric signal and realizing the magnetoelectric conversion of a measurement signal.
And the micro control processing unit is used for AD acquisition of the analog signals generated by the patch sensing unit, digital filtering operation statistics and analysis are carried out, and a result serial port is transmitted to the wireless transmission module.
The wireless transmission module writes an http transmission protocol through the wireless transmission module, and data communication between the terminal and the cloud is achieved, wherein the data comprise various current signals related to power monitoring.
The current energy taking magnetic ring is sleeved with a cable to be tested, and the output of the current energy taking magnetic ring is connected with the energy storage capacitor module; the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit is respectively connected with the micro-control processing unit and the energy storage capacitor module; the micro-control processing unit is connected with the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit, the energy storage capacitor module and the wireless transmission module.
As shown in fig. 2, the current energy-taking module includes a power-taking coil loop, an electric energy conversion circuit and a voltage-stabilizing energy storage circuit, the power-taking coil loop surrounds the power-taking magnetic ring, when the signal to be measured passes through the magnetic ring, the power-taking coil loop induces and generates current to transmit the electric energy conversion circuit, the current is converted into direct current electric energy through the conversion circuit, and the direct current electric energy is stored in the voltage-stabilizing energy storage circuit.
Further optimizing the scheme, its theory of operation does: when the current i flows through the power transmission line of the current magnetic ring s At (t) time, areThe secondary side of the current magnetic ring can generate current through electromagnetic induction, and the above principle is the basic property of the simplest electricity taking principle about the current transformer. At this time the voltage load u 0 The power used in the sensing unit and the micro-power consumption processing unit is direct current, so that u is needed to be processed 0 (t) rectifying; need step down voltage when the rectification, but generally hardly reach the standard, at this moment need DC-DC converter carry out chopping step down once more, make its output voltage accord with the demand of cable monitoring devices to voltage, realize becoming the direct current electric energy with the converter circuit rectification and store the electric energy through steady voltage energy storage circuit.
In practical use, the electric equipment is generally connected in parallel to the secondary side of the CT, and when the current i flows through the transmission line of the CT by installing the annular magnetic core of the CT on the outer surface of the AC high-voltage transmission cable s At (t), electromagnetic induction is applied to the secondary side of the CT, and a current is generated to pass through the load. At this time the voltage load u 0 (t) is AC, and the electricity consumption of the on-line detection device is DC, so that it is necessary to measure u 0 (t) rectifying; the voltage needs to be reduced while rectification is carried out, but generally the standard is difficult to achieve, the embodiment carries out chopping reduction again by utilizing the DC-DC converter, and the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected behind the rectification circuit, so that the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion circuit accords with the voltage condition of the cable monitoring device.
The whole power-taking power supply is composed of three parts, a main module comprises a current transformer, a power-taking power supply rectifying circuit and a rear-stage DC-DC converter, the current transformer is sleeved on a cable to be detected, an input signal is a magnetic field signal of the cable to be detected, the output of the current transformer is connected to the input end of the rectifying circuit of the power-taking power supply, the output of the rectifying circuit is externally connected with the rear-stage DC-DC converter, and finally power is supplied to monitoring equipment for required electric energy, as shown in figures 5-6.
1. A current transformer: the largest possible power obtained from a given primary current through the CT-loop is achieved to improve the energy-extraction capacity of the whole current-extraction module.
The current transformer is mainly determined by the energy taking capacity of the current transformer, and the energy taking capacity is mainly determined by the energy taking capacityIn the core material, and in addition, the supply section of the cable's electrical energy (the transmission current I of the cable) s ) The power consumption of the power transmission cable is determined, the size change is indefinite, the stability degree is poor, if the power consumption is low, the current of the cable is small, and the current in a power grid can rise to about kA when a short-circuit fault occurs. Therefore, the power-taking transformer designed in this embodiment can stably work under various primary currents, a certain maximum power calculation model of the power-taking transformer is established by ventilation, and a reasonable CT excitation parameter is designed to solve the problem of preventing the magnetic flux of the transformer core from being over-saturated when the cable current is too large and the problem of obtaining enough power at the primary side when the cable current is small, and the design problem of the power-taking transformer is converted into a CT power-taking circuit considering the nonlinear characteristic of the CT core, as shown in fig. 7.
The circuit design is combined as follows:
the modulus length for an admittance is a known value, and to obtain the smallest value, the real part for the admittance should be maximized, and therefore the imaginary part must be zero. Therefore, under the condition that the secondary side voltage is constant, the capacitance values of the capacitors which are connected in parallel are as follows:
it is still matched to Lm (Uo); in addition, the resistance value of the secondary side of the CT which should be connected in parallel at the moment is
Then the actual power obtained by the power-taking circuit is
Such as falseIf the current transformer Lm and Rm values corresponding to each secondary side voltage can be obtained by experiments, the primary side current I can be obtained s Each secondary side voltage U under the condition of no change 0 The maximum power available and the corresponding impedance. In addition, due to U 0 Exceeding a certain value will allow R to pass m The numerical value of (A) becomes smaller, the power of the operation is always in U 0 After reaching a certain value, the slide-down is obvious, so that an optimal U must exist 0 Value of U 0 The value is-1/ω C P (U o )。
At U 0 Measuring L under varying conditions m And R m The rule of change is followed, therefore, the voltage regulator is in U 0 The impedance value connected to the secondary side in the case of a change in value, i.e. [ Z ] 2σ +Z m (U o )]It can be calculated. The CT magnetic cores for power taking are larger, so that the power can be maximized under the condition that the number of secondary side parallel capacitors is less, and when the air gap of a magnetic circuit is opened, L is m A value of about several hundred millihenries, which can reach several henries, L, when the air gap is closed m The inductive reactance of (A) is generally far from R m The resistance value of (c). It can be seen that the secondary leakage resistance can be left uncalculated in such cases, since this leakage resistance is very small compared to the excitation resistance of the CT, Z m (U o ) Can be represented directly by the impedance resulting from such a calculation, and L m (U o ) And R m (U o ) The values of (c) can be further derived as shown in fig. 8.
2. Get electric power supply rectifier circuit:
in order to obtain the required dc power at the output of the power supply, the ac power at the secondary side must be rectified. The circuit is a rectification circuit capable of being regulated, a full-active rectification circuit is adopted, and the voltage corresponding to the full-active rectification circuit is regulated into a specific square wave, so that the excitation inductance can be effectively supplemented; if the phase difference corresponding to the square wave input voltage and the CT primary side current can be effectively regulated, the rectified output voltage can be kept at a fixed value under each primary side current. Therefore, under the condition, a plurality of other non-polar capacitors do not need to be connected in parallel on the secondary side of the CT, so that the total time of hardware debugging is effectively shortened, the problem of mismatch caused by over-long running of the power supply is effectively avoided, and the primary side current needs to be effectively isolated and sampled, as shown in fig. 9.
The operation of the fully active circuit is shown in detail in fig. 10, and in a period, the operation process of the circuit can be divided into two periods as a whole,
period 1 (0. ltoreq. ω t. ltoreq. π): this period Q 1 And Q 3 Intercommunication, u o (t)＝U odc CT exciting current i Lm (t) exhibits a linearly rising posture;
input current of the rectifier bridge:
the output current of the rectifier bridge is as follows:
period 2(π ≦ ω t ≦ 2 π): this period Q 1 And Q 3 After conducting half a period, Q is turned on 2 And Q 4 Adjusted to intercommunicate u o (t)＝-U odc ，i Lm (t) at this point appears as a linear downslide.
Input current of rectifier bridge:
the output current of the rectifier bridge is as follows:
output voltage accompanying control quantity
The expression corresponding to the change of the angle:
the specific expression for calculating the output power is as follows:
3. designing a rear-stage DC-DC converter:
the design of the post-stage DC-DC converter is mainly the design of a conversion circuit and a circuit control principle, the voltage of a rectifying circuit is stably converted to the voltage grade required by a load, the input of the converter is connected with the output of the rectifying circuit, the output of the converter is connected with the load, the power supply, the load and a battery are controlled to realize good energy transmission, and stable electric energy supply is provided for electric equipment.
(1) Conversion circuit
The later-stage DC-DC conversion circuit selects Flyback corresponding to Buck-Boost topology, and the details are shown in FIG. 11.
Q f The duty cycle at this time being D 1 With a corresponding period of T s Then Q is in this period f Conducting subinterval, input current i fin (t) corresponds to the expression
Q f The actual length of the switch-off is (1-D) 1 )T s Current i corresponding to the circuit fin (t) is always kept at 0. Therefore, the average value of the current corresponding to the circuit is
Equivalent input resistance of circuit
When designing this Flyback converter, in order to make the transformer T f Easier to wind and lower T f When Q is freewheeling f Withstand voltage, turn ratio n of Flyback transformer f The acquisition is smaller; correspondingly, the power supply obtains the Q required by the maximum power when the primary current of the CT is small f On duty cycle D 1 A smaller value of 0.15 was also taken. Considering the low output power of Flyback converter under the condition of low primary current, in order to reduce the switching loss of the converter at the moment, the switching frequency is intentionally selected to be lower 20kHz, and the corresponding switching period T s 50 mus. The parameters of the Flyback circuit and the Flyback equivalent input resistance value R required for obtaining the maximum power Ldc Substituting 6k Ω to obtain transformer T f The primary side inductance of (1).
As shown in fig. 3, the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit includes a micro-power-consumption sensing IC (MLX series), a power supply capacitor, a voltage-stabilizing buffer capacitor, and a decoupling circuit; the power supply capacitor is connected with an IC power supply and a pin to the ground through a patch capacitor, the voltage stabilizing buffer capacitor is externally connected with the standard zero potential and the digital zero potential of the IC, and a test interface and a temperature compensation interface of the micro-power consumption sensing IC are connected with a decoupling circuit. The working principle is that a power supply used by the micro-power consumption sensing IC is a single 5V power supply, and the micro-power consumption is realized by reducing the power consumption by six times compared with the power consumption of a +/-15V power supply Hall sensor; when the current cable to be tested passes through the pair of parallel IC surfaces, the output signal generated by the IC is in direct proportion to the horizontally applied magnetic flux density, and the small-size application design and the simple structure are added, so that the micro-power-consumption patch sensing device is suitable for realizing micro-power-consumption patch sensing of test current in various current ranges from a few amperes to thousands of amperes.
As shown in fig. 4, the micro control processing unit includes a micro control processor MCU, a crystal oscillator system, an AD conversion circuit, and a serial port transmission circuit; MCU links to each other with the crystal oscillator system is direct, and AD converting circuit conversion signal connects MCU, and MCU processing operation links to each other with wireless transmission module through the serial ports. The micro-control processing unit is mainly used for collecting electric data in real time through the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit, filtering and denoising the collected data by using a multi-resolution multi-sensor data fusion technology, and then storing the data locally and transmitting the data to a remote upper computer in real time through GPRS wireless transmission.
Furthermore, the signal sampling conditioning area performs sampling filtering modulation processing on the signal monitored in real time, and supports sampling of the current signal.
Furthermore, the power supply area can adopt STM32 to provide 3.3V and +/-15V working voltage for a main control chip, a sampling conditioning circuit, a wireless communication module and the like, and supports an adapter, a USB and a backup power supply mode.
Further, the STM32 main control chip area comprises an STM32 processing chip and peripheral circuits thereof and a ferroelectric temporary storage circuit.
Furthermore, the JTAG programming and SD card reading and writing area supports the secondary development of the system and the booting of the program SD.
Furthermore, the serial port wireless communication interface is an interface for the GPRS wireless transmission module to communicate.
Further, the indicator lamp area indicates the power supply state, the signal transmission state and the like of the circuit.
The serial port unit and the wireless transmission module form a transmission network link between the sensing system terminal and the background server based on an http transmission protocol. In the thread pool, only the data forwarding of the thread is used. And the terminal server is used as a terminal for storage, and the thread pool realizes the database storage of data by using threads. In addition, the terminal server also needs an http protocol thread for realizing the command issuing function, controlling each node device and realizing link communication.
The current data sensed by the system comprises various current signals related to power monitoring, an http communication transmission protocol is built in a data acquisition wireless transmission module of the sensing system terminal and is wirelessly matched with a wireless cloud data background, and the server side realizes concurrency performance based on a thread pool technology; the server side creates a sub-thread in advance, when the server side receives the request, the pre-created sub-thread is used for responding the request, and the server side maintains the sub-thread.
The invention discloses a wireless micro-power consumption sensing system for passive surface-mounted current measurement, which charges an energy storage capacitor by using a current ring to carry out high-frequency harmonic part in a cable to be measured through a high-frequency harmonic electricity taking technology and a rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit so as to supply power to the system; meanwhile, the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit is used for detecting the electromagnetic field intensity of the cable to be detected, converting the electromagnetic field intensity into an electric analog signal, performing A/D conversion on the electric analog signal into a digital quantity, and converting the obtained voltage into a cable current value through the micro-power-consumption MCU; and finally, sending the data to a cloud service database in a wireless transmission mode. The system integrates wireless passive electricity taking, micro-power current monitoring and remote real-time transmission, solves the problems of troublesome installation, poor reliability, battery maintenance, safety and the like of the conventional similar system, can realize the real-time acquisition and measurement of remote data without additionally laying a power line and a communication line, and has higher use value and application prospect in various power monitoring fields.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A current energy-extracting device, comprising:
the current energy-taking module is used for obtaining electric energy from the cable to be tested;
the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit is connected with the current energy-taking module and is used for converting the magnetic field signal of the cable to be tested into an analog electric signal;
the micro-control processing unit is respectively connected with the current energy-taking module and the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit, and is used for carrying out digital filtering operation statistics and analysis on the analog electric signal and transmitting an analysis result to the wireless transmission module;
and the wireless transmission module is connected with the micro control processing unit and is used for communicating the wireless micro power consumption sensing system terminal with the cloud server for the current data sensed by the system.
2. The current energy-taking apparatus according to claim 1,
the current energy-taking module comprises an electricity-taking coil loop, an electric energy conversion circuit and a voltage-stabilizing energy storage circuit;
the power taking coil loop surrounds the power taking magnetic ring, when a signal to be detected passes through the power taking magnetic ring, the power taking coil loop induces to generate current to be transmitted to the electric energy conversion circuit, and the current is rectified into direct current electric energy by the electric energy conversion circuit to be transmitted to the voltage stabilizing energy storage circuit to store the electric energy.
3. The current energy-taking apparatus according to claim 2,
the power taking coil loop comprises a current transformer and a power taking power supply rectifying circuit;
the current transformer is sleeved on the cable to be tested to obtain a magnetic field signal of the cable to be tested as an input signal;
the power supply rectifying circuit and the current transformer are used for rectifying the alternating current signals.
4. The current energy harvesting device of claim 1,
the wireless micro-power consumption sensing system further comprises a DC-DC converter, wherein the input of the DC-DC converter is connected with the output of the power-taking power supply rectifying circuit, the output of the DC-DC converter is connected with a load and used for rectifying and chopping voltage drop of electric energy, and the output voltage of the wireless micro-power consumption sensing system accords with the output voltage of the cable monitoring device.
5. The current energy harvesting device of claim 1,
the micro-power-consumption patch current sensing unit comprises a micro-power-consumption sensing IC, a power supply capacitor, a voltage-stabilizing buffer capacitor and a decoupling circuit;
the power supply capacitor is connected with a power supply and a ground pin of the micro-power consumption sensing IC through a patch capacitor, the voltage stabilizing buffer capacitor is externally connected with a standard zero potential and a digital zero potential of the micro-power consumption sensing IC, and a test interface and a temperature compensation interface of the micro-power consumption sensing IC are connected with the decoupling circuit.
6. The current energy-taking apparatus according to claim 1,
the micro control processing unit comprises a micro control processor MCU, a crystal oscillator system, an AD conversion circuit and a serial port transmission circuit;
the MCU is respectively connected with the crystal oscillator system and the AD conversion circuit;
and the micro control processor MCU is connected with the wireless transmission module through the serial port transmission circuit.
7. The current energy-taking apparatus according to claim 1,
the micro-control processing unit also comprises a power module, wherein the power module comprises a main control chip, a sampling conditioning circuit, a wireless communication module and an indicator light;
the main control chip comprises a processing chip, a peripheral circuit of the processing chip and a ferroelectric temporary storage circuit;
the sampling conditioning circuit comprises a current sampling conditioning circuit, a voltage sampling conditioning circuit and a switch;
the current sampling conditioning circuit and the voltage sampling conditioning circuit are used for sampling, filtering and modulating signals monitored in real time in a signal sampling conditioning area;
the switch is used for realizing sampling, conditioning and switching of a current signal and a voltage signal;
the indicating lamp is used for indicating the power state and the signal transmission state of the circuit.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115327221A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-11-11 | 北京京仪北方仪器仪表有限公司 | Non-invasive wireless electric energy metering system and method |
| CN115963396A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-04-14 | 华中科技大学 | Passive permanent magnet motor set efficiency measuring device and method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115327221A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-11-11 | 北京京仪北方仪器仪表有限公司 | Non-invasive wireless electric energy metering system and method |
| CN115963396A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-04-14 | 华中科技大学 | Passive permanent magnet motor set efficiency measuring device and method |
| CN115963396B (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-02-23 | 华中科技大学 | Passive permanent magnet motor unit efficiency measuring device and method |
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