CN114944688A - Power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system - Google Patents
Power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114944688A CN114944688A CN202210452274.9A CN202210452274A CN114944688A CN 114944688 A CN114944688 A CN 114944688A CN 202210452274 A CN202210452274 A CN 202210452274A CN 114944688 A CN114944688 A CN 114944688A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/10—Current supply arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy acquisition, and particularly relates to a power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system; the circuit system includes: the system comprises a self-powered sensor, a switch network circuit, an energy acquisition circuit, a control unit, a sensing circuit and a communication module; the output end of the self-powered sensor is connected with the switch network circuit; the switch network circuit is respectively connected with the energy acquisition circuit, the control unit and the sensing circuit; the output end of the energy collecting circuit is respectively connected with the control unit, the communication module and the sensing circuit; the output end of the sensing circuit is connected with the communication module; the invention effectively controls the working time sequence of the energy collecting unit and the sensing circuit through the level signal of the control unit, can provide a sampling signal for the communication module and can stably supply energy for the communication module, thereby having wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy collection, and particularly relates to a power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system.
Background
The internet of things (IoT) is a network based on the development of the Internet and RFID technology, and information acquisition, fusion, propagation and sharing between objects and people are realized. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are wireless networks formed by a large number of stationary or mobile sensors in a self-organizing and multi-hop manner to cooperatively sense, collect, process and transmit information about objects sensed within a geographic area covered by the network and ultimately to transmit such information to the owner of the network. Due to the advantages of strong fault tolerance, good adaptive capacity, high dynamic performance and the like of the wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network is increasingly widely applied to the Internet of things, and comprises the aspects of network access, agricultural condition monitoring, energy balance, medical monitoring, intelligent home furnishing and the like. From the perspective of sensor network application, the internet of things is a wireless network formed by nodes such as sensors, data processing units and communication units in a self-organizing manner.
In recent years, with rapid progress of micro-nano technology, various electronic devices and sensor devices are developing toward "micro volume" and "low power consumption". With the development of wireless technology, wireless sensor nodes composed of micro-volume and low-power consumption electronic devices are emerging continuously. Currently, the energy supply for electronic devices is mostly dependent on traditional wired power or chemical batteries. The wired power supply has stable energy supply but has higher requirement on applicable environment; compared with a wired power supply, the battery power supply has the advantages that the complexity of wiring is avoided, certain flexibility is realized in space, the service life of the battery is limited, the battery needs to be replaced or charged at regular time, and long-term effective energy supply cannot be realized. Due to the spatial distribution characteristics of the distributed network, the conventional power supply mode cannot meet the requirements of the electric equipment, and the energy supply problem of electronic equipment devices is urgently needed to be solved.
The energy collection technology can convert stray energy in the environment into electric energy to be output so as to drive low-power-consumption electronic equipment to work, and is a key technology for realizing long-term maintenance-free of the wireless sensor node. In practical engineering, available energy exists widely, for example, around power lines, electric field energy with low energy density exists; vibration energy and friction energy with high voltage and low current exist on mechanical equipment such as factory machine tools, conveyor belts and the like. Referring to the research of the prior energy harvester technology, aiming at different application scenes, corresponding structures are required to be designed to capture different energies. However, because the source of the stray energy is unstable, the electric energy output by the energy harvester is not linear and stable, so that corresponding energy management circuits need to be designed for different energy harvesters to convert the output alternating current into stable direct current to power the wireless sensor node.
The energy collector can supply energy, and after the energy collector is modulated by a circuit and performs sampling and analysis, the output electric signal can reflect the environmental state or the running state of electric equipment to a certain extent. Thus, the energy harvester can also be put into use as a self-powered sensor. Further, just because of "two functions of a device", its corresponding circuit design will also be more ingenious and comprehensive to satisfy both stable power supply and accurate sensing.
In summary, a power management and measurement integrated internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system capable of simultaneously realizing two functions of accurately measuring an electric field and stably supplying energy is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system, which comprises: the system comprises a self-powered sensor, a switch network circuit, an energy acquisition circuit, a control unit, a sensing circuit and a communication module;
the output end of the self-powered sensor is connected with the switch network circuit; the switch network circuit is respectively connected with the energy acquisition circuit, the control unit and the sensing circuit; the output end of the energy collecting circuit is respectively connected with the control unit, the communication module and the sensing circuit; the output end of the sensing circuit is connected with the communication module.
Preferably, the switching network circuit comprises a first MOSFET switch and a second MOSFET switch; the first MOSFET switch is connected with the self-powered sensor and the energy acquisition circuit, and the second MOSFET switch is connected with the self-powered sensor and the sensing circuit.
Preferably, the energy collecting circuit comprises an energy storage circuit, a discharging circuit and a third MOSFET switch; the energy storage circuit is connected with the discharge circuit through a third MOSFET switch; the output end of the energy storage circuit is connected with the control unit, and the output end of the discharge circuit is connected with the control unit and the communication module respectively.
Further, the discharging circuit is a DC-DC buck voltage stabilizing circuit.
Further, the energy storage circuit comprises a rectifying circuit and an energy storage unit; the output end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the energy storage unit.
Furthermore, the rectifying circuit is composed of 4 Schottky barrier diodes, and the energy storage unit is an energy storage capacitor.
Preferably, the control unit comprises a micro-power charging capacitor, a bootstrap capacitor, a voltage monitoring circuit and a MOSFET switch control circuit; the output end of the micropower charging capacitor is connected with the input end of the bootstrap capacitor, the output end of the bootstrap capacitor is connected with the input end of the voltage monitoring circuit, and the output end of the voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the input end of the MOSFET switch control circuit.
Preferably, the sensing circuit comprises a band-pass filter circuit and a voltage converting circuit; the output end of the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage conversion circuit, and the output end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the communication module.
Preferably, the communication module comprises a sampling unit, a storage controller and a transmitting receiver; the output end of the sampling unit is connected with the input end of the storage controller, and the output end of the storage controller is connected with the input end of the transmitting and receiving device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional power management circuit which only comprises functions of an energy acquisition circuit, namely rectification, energy storage and discharge functions, the power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system provided by the invention is additionally provided with the control unit, and the working time sequence of the energy acquisition unit and the sensing circuit is effectively controlled through level signals generated by the control unit. The invention realizes two functions through one circuit, namely, the sensing circuit and the energy collecting circuit are effectively combined and realize time-sharing work, are mutually independent and do not interfere with each other, can provide sampling signals for the communication module and stably supply energy for the communication module, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a power management and measurement integrated internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system in the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power management and measurement integrated internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a logic flow diagram of the operation of the power management and measurement integrated internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The traditional power management circuit only comprises functions of an energy collecting circuit, namely rectification, energy storage and discharge, and if the wireless sensing function is to be realized, a new circuit needs to be designed again by combining the traditional power management circuit, so that the workload is increased, and the time sequence problem of the circuit is difficult to solve. In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a power management and measurement integrated internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system, as shown in fig. 1, the circuit system includes: the system comprises a self-powered sensor, a switch network circuit, an energy acquisition circuit, a control unit, a sensing circuit and a communication module;
the output end of the self-powered sensor is connected with the switch network circuit; the switch network circuit is respectively connected with the energy acquisition circuit, the control unit and the sensing circuit; the output end of the energy collecting circuit is respectively connected with the control unit, the communication module and the sensing circuit; the output end of the sensing circuit is connected with the communication module.
The switch network circuit comprises a first MOSFET switch and a second MOSFET switch; the first MOSFET switch is connected with the self-powered sensor and the energy acquisition circuit, and the second MOSFET switch is connected with the self-powered sensor and the sensing circuit.
The energy collecting circuit comprises an energy storage circuit, a discharging circuit and a third MOSFET switch; the energy storage circuit is connected with the discharge circuit through a third MOSFET switch; the output end of the energy storage circuit is connected with the control unit, and the output end of the discharge circuit is respectively connected with the control unit and the communication module.
Preferably, the first MOSFET switch is a low power consumption PNP MOSFET switch, and the second MOSFET switch is an NPN MOSFET switch.
The energy storage circuit comprises a rectifying circuit and an energy storage unit; the output end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the energy storage unit; the tank circuit is used for rectifying and storing energy.
As shown in fig. 2, the rectifying circuit is composed of 4 schottky barrier diodes, and the energy storage unit is an energy storage capacitor; stray alternating current energy collected from the power supply sensor is converted into direct current energy through the rectifying circuit to charge the energy storage capacitor.
The discharging circuit is a DC-DC buck voltage stabilizing circuit, the DC-DC buck voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the energy storage circuit through a third MOSFET switch, and preferably, the third MOSFET switch is a low-power-consumption NPN type MOSFET switch. The DC-DC buck voltage stabilizing circuit receives energy released by the energy storage circuit and converts alternating-current voltage into stable direct-current voltage for output; when the voltage of the output energy storage capacitor rises to the upper limit threshold, a high level signal is fed back to the control unit, the control unit provides an MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) opening signal, and the voltage stabilizing circuit starts to discharge; when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is reduced to the lower limit threshold value, a grounding signal is fed back to the control unit, the control unit gives out an MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) turn-off signal, and the energy storage circuit is continuously charged.
The control unit comprises a micro-power charging capacitor, a bootstrap capacitor, a voltage monitoring circuit and an MOSFET switch control circuit; the output end of the micropower charging capacitor is connected with the input end of the bootstrap capacitor, the output end of the bootstrap capacitor is connected with the input end of the voltage monitoring circuit, and the output end of the voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the input end of the MOSFET switch control circuit. The micropower charging circuit rectifies the stray alternating current energy acquired by the self-powered sensor and supplies power to the bootstrap capacitor; the bootstrap capacitor is used as a power supply of the MOSFET switch control circuit; the voltage monitoring circuit monitors the upper limit voltage when the energy storage capacitors are charged in series and the lower limit voltage when the energy storage capacitors are discharged in parallel through a resistance voltage division network; the MOSFET control circuit receives a control signal from the voltage monitoring circuit, and the switching-on or switching-off of the MOSFET switch in the energy storage circuit and the switch network is realized through a phase inverter formed by the MOSFET and a low-power consumption comparator.
The sensing circuit comprises a band-pass filter circuit and a voltage converting circuit; the output end of the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage conversion circuit, and the output end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the communication module. The voltage signal output by the self-powered sensor is transmitted to the communication module for sampling after being detected by the band-pass filter circuit and converted by the voltage converting circuit.
The communication module comprises a sampling unit, a storage controller and a transmitting receiver; the output end of the sampling unit is connected with the input end of the storage controller, and the output end of the storage controller is connected with the input end of the transmitting and receiving device.
As shown in fig. 3, the working principle of the present invention is as follows:
the self-powered sensor is connected with the control unit, part of energy captured by the self-powered sensor is input into the control unit, and the control unit sends out a control signal. The control unit is connected with the energy acquisition unit and the sensing circuit, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is lower than a lower limit threshold value, a first MOSFET switch connecting the self-powered sensor and the energy storage circuit is in a conducting state, and the energy storage unit stores energy; when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is higher than the upper limit threshold value, a first MOSFET switch connecting the self-powered sensor and the energy storage circuit is switched to be in a turn-off state, a third MOSFET switch connecting the energy storage circuit and the discharge circuit and a second MOSFET switch connecting the self-powered sensor and the sensing circuit are in a turn-on state, and the circuit provides sampling signals for the communication module and performs stable energy supply; after working for a period of time, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is lower than the lower limit threshold value, the process is repeated for periodic operation. Sensing and energy collection time-sharing work are finally realized through the work flow, the mutual independence and the mutual noninterference can not only stably supply energy, but also accurately measure the electric field.
The power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system effectively controls the working time sequence of the energy acquisition unit and the sensing circuit through the level signal of the control unit, can provide sampling signals for the communication module and can stably supply energy for the communication module, and has wide application prospect.
The above-mentioned embodiments, which further illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a power management and measurement integration thing networking self-power wireless sensing circuit system which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a self-powered sensor, a switch network circuit, an energy acquisition circuit, a control unit, a sensing circuit and a communication module;
the output end of the self-powered sensor is connected with the switch network circuit; the switch network circuit is respectively connected with the energy acquisition circuit, the control unit and the sensing circuit; the output end of the energy collecting circuit is respectively connected with the control unit, the communication module and the sensing circuit; the output end of the sensing circuit is connected with the communication module.
2. The integrated power management and measurement internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switch network circuit comprises a first MOSFET switch and a second MOSFET switch; the first MOSFET switch is connected with the self-powered sensor and the energy acquisition circuit, and the second MOSFET switch is connected with the self-powered sensor and the sensing circuit.
3. The power management and measurement integrated internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system as recited in claim 1, wherein the energy collection circuit comprises an energy storage circuit, a discharge circuit and a third MOSFET switch; the energy storage circuit is connected with the discharge circuit through a third MOSFET switch; the output end of the energy storage circuit is connected with the control unit, and the output end of the discharge circuit is respectively connected with the control unit and the communication module.
4. The power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system as recited in claim 3, wherein the discharge circuit is a DC-DC buck voltage regulator circuit.
5. The power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system according to claim 3, wherein the energy storage circuit comprises a rectifying circuit and an energy storage unit; the output end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the energy storage unit.
6. The power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rectifying circuit is composed of 4 Schottky barrier diodes, and the energy storage unit is an energy storage capacitor.
7. The power management and measurement integrated internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a micro-power charging capacitor, a bootstrap capacitor, a voltage monitoring circuit and a MOSFET switch control circuit; the output end of the micropower charging capacitor is connected with the input end of the bootstrap capacitor, the output end of the bootstrap capacitor is connected with the input end of the voltage monitoring circuit, and the output end of the voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the input end of the MOSFET switch control circuit.
8. The power management and measurement integrated internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system of claim 1, wherein the sensing circuit comprises a band-pass filter circuit and a voltage converting circuit; the output end of the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage conversion circuit, and the output end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the communication module.
9. The power management and measurement integrated internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system of claim 1, wherein the communication module comprises a sampling unit, a storage controller and a transceiver; the output end of the sampling unit is connected with the input end of the storage controller, and the output end of the storage controller is connected with the input end of the transmitting and receiving device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210452274.9A CN114944688A (en) | 2022-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | Power management and measurement integrated Internet of things self-powered wireless sensing circuit system |
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