CN114940253B - Lightweight composite structure catheter and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight composite structure catheter and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114940253B CN114940253B CN202210581310.1A CN202210581310A CN114940253B CN 114940253 B CN114940253 B CN 114940253B CN 202210581310 A CN202210581310 A CN 202210581310A CN 114940253 B CN114940253 B CN 114940253B
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- longitudinal rib
- skin
- inner longitudinal
- rib plate
- mounting bracket
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
- B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
- B63H5/14—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers characterised by being mounted in non-rotating ducts or rings, e.g. adjustable for steering purpose
- B63H5/15—Nozzles, e.g. Kort-type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
- B29D23/001—Pipes; Pipe joints
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
Abstract
The light composite structure conduit comprises a mounting bracket positioned at a central position, wherein a plurality of supporting bars are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the mounting bracket in the circumferential direction, step holes are formed in the mounting bracket, the light composite structure conduit further comprises an inner skin, one end of the inner skin is provided with uniformly distributed notches in the circumferential direction, each notch corresponds to a supporting bar, inner longitudinal rib plates are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner skin, and the end parts of the inner longitudinal rib plates are locked with the supporting bars through bolts; an outer skin is wrapped outside the inner longitudinal rib plates, and an outer skin water permeable hole is formed in the outer skin; the inner skin and the outer skin are coated with a restraint damping layer; a porous rubber sound absorption structure is arranged in the inner space of the guide pipe to form a sound absorption layer; the inside of the conduit is filled with water after the conduit is immersed in water through the action of the water permeable holes, so that the pressure inside and outside the conduit is balanced. The device has the advantages of light weight, high structural rigidity, simple manufacturing process and the like, and can be used as a conduit of a ship propeller system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite catheters, in particular to a lightweight composite structure catheter and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The guide pipe is a main component part of the guide pipe propeller and the pump jet propeller, and plays important roles in protecting propeller blades, sharing the load of the propeller and improving the efficiency of the propeller.
At present, in order to further save energy and reduce emission, a large number of ships perform energy-saving transformation on a propulsion system in a mode of installing energy-saving pipes; the design stage of part of underwater vehicles requires the adoption of high-performance pump jet propellers; as the demand for marine noise control increases, the underwater radiation noise may also be reduced in the future by adding external ducts to the propeller. Whether the energy-saving duct is installed later or the pump jet propeller is adopted, a duct which is light in weight, high in rigidity, simple in manufacturing process and low in cost is needed.
The guide tube paddle and the pump jet are composed of the guide tube, the rotor and the stator, discrete pulsation pressure is generated when the rotor rotates, the frequency is the blade frequency (the number of blades is equal to the rotating speed) of the rotor and the harmonic frequency of the rotor, and therefore the vibration of the guide tube at the blade frequency and the blade frequency which are 2 times of the blade frequency is effectively controlled, and the low-frequency noise of the propeller can be restrained.
The traditional conduit is made of metal materials, and the composite materials have the advantages of high specific strength and specific rigidity, designable materials and the like, so that the weight of the stern propulsion system can be obviously reduced due to the light weight of the structure after the composite materials are applied. Many composite duct designs are currently available, but the effect of manufacturing the duct from metal materials has not been completely removed, for example, the connection process between the circumferential skeleton and the longitudinal ribs, and the connection between the inner skeleton and the skin, and between the stator frame and the duct, are not considered to be too simple.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant provides a lightweight composite structural conduit and a method of manufacturing the same, which are directed against the disadvantages of the prior art, so that the conduit has the advantages of light weight, high structural rigidity, simple manufacturing process and the like, and can be used as a conduit of a ship propeller system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a lightweight composite construction pipe, includes the installing support that is located central point, the outer periphery of installing support circumference equipartition has a plurality of support bars, the inside step hole that is provided with of installing support still includes interior skin, open the notch that evenly distributes in circumference direction in the one end of interior skin, every notch corresponds with the support bar, evenly distributed has inside longitudinal rib plate on the outer periphery of interior skin, and the tip of inside longitudinal rib plate passes through bolt and support bar locking; an outer skin is wrapped outside the inner longitudinal rib plates, and an outer skin water permeable hole is formed in the outer skin; the inner skin and the outer skin are coated with a restraint damping layer; a porous rubber sound absorption structure is arranged in the inner space of the guide pipe to form a sound absorption layer; the inside of the conduit is filled with water after the conduit is immersed in water through the action of the water permeable holes, so that the pressure inside and outside the conduit is balanced.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the inner skin, the outer skin and the inner longitudinal rib plates are all made of lightweight composite materials with high rigidity of carbon fibers.
The line type of the joint of each supporting bar and the inner skin is kept consistent.
The inner longitudinal rib plate is of a C-shaped structure, the outer shape of the inner longitudinal rib plate is restrained by the line type of the guide pipe, the upper part and the lower part of the inner longitudinal rib plate are respectively an upper wing plate and a lower wing plate, the outer surfaces of the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate are identical to the molded line of the inner wall of the skin, one end of the inner longitudinal rib plate is provided with a longitudinal rib plate water permeable hole, and the other end of the inner longitudinal rib plate is provided with a mounting hole of a mounting bolt.
The structure and dimensions of the respective inner longitudinal ribs remain the same.
The wall thickness of the inner longitudinal rib is equal to or greater than the gap between the inner skin and the outer skin.
The step hole and the inner skin are positioned at the same central axis.
And filling chopped fiber reinforced resin in gaps between the inner longitudinal rib plates and the inlet and the outlet of the guide pipe to form a filling layer.
The thickness of the sound absorption layer is more than or equal to 30mm.
A method for manufacturing a lightweight composite structural catheter, comprising the following steps of:
the first step: machining a catheter mounting bracket by adopting a numerical control machine tool, wherein a step hole of the mounting bracket is used as a mounting reference;
and a second step of: the metal mold is adopted when the inner skin is manufactured, so that the inner side shape of the inner skin is ensured to be consistent with the design line; the two ends of the mould guide pipe extend outwards for a certain distance, and when the inner skin is manufactured by adopting a vacuum introducing or autoclave integrated forming process, the redundant parts at the two ends are cut off, so that the end quality is ensured;
and a third step of: dividing the outer skin into more than two parts, and adopting a metal die to ensure that the outer shape of the outer skin is consistent with the design line when the catheter outer skin is manufactured, wherein the manufacturing method and the manufacturing process are the same as those of the inner skin;
fourth step: after the external dimension of the internal longitudinal rib plate is determined, a metal mold is manufactured, and the internal longitudinal rib plate is manufactured by adopting a vacuum introducing or autoclave process; the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate of the inner longitudinal rib plate are provided with a constraint damping layer in advance, the loss factor of the constraint damping layer is more than or equal to 0.3, and the thickness is 1 mm-5 mm;
fifth step: opening the inner skin according to the number of support bars on the catheter mounting bracket, the rectangular plane size of the opening and the position requirement of the mounting bracket;
sixth step: in order to ensure the relative position and coaxiality of the inner skin and the mounting bracket, a fixture with a rotating shaft is used for fixing the mounting bracket and the inner skin; in order to avoid the deformation of the relative position due to gravity, the whole tool is vertically placed in the manufacturing process;
seventh step: marking on the inner skin, determining the installation position of an inner longitudinal rib plate, polishing the installation position of the inner longitudinal rib plate on the inner skin, assembling the inner longitudinal rib plate, after the lower side surface of the inner longitudinal rib plate is completely matched with the inner skin, assembling an installation hole with an installation bracket, assembling one side of the installation hole, which is attached to the inner longitudinal rib plate, on a Mao Kaikong rectangular plane by adopting sand paper, assembling the inner longitudinal rib plate with glue after cleaning by adopting acetone, and tightening bolts on the support bars according to a diagonal sequence, wherein the tightening torque is less than or equal to 20N & m;
eighth step: repairing the opening in the fifth step by adopting carbon fibers and chopped fibers, filling chopped fiber reinforced resin at the inlet end and the outlet end of the guide pipe, and controlling the appearance by using a clamping plate;
ninth step: the constraint damping layer is arranged on the inner skin where the construction of the constraint damping layer can be carried out, and the requirement of the constraint damping layer is the same as that of the constraint damping layer on the inner longitudinal rib plate;
tenth step: measuring the size of a cavity formed by the restraint damping layer of the inner skin and the inner longitudinal rib plate, and designing and manufacturing the sound absorption layer; the sound absorption layer is a rubber layer with a cavity and is fixed on the constraint damping layer in an adhesive mode, so that the gap between the sound absorption layer and the outer skin is more than or equal to 4mm; the minimum thickness of the sound absorption layer is more than or equal to 30mm; when the space does not meet the requirement, the step can be canceled;
eleventh step: scribing the outer cover at a preset bonding position according to the mounting position of the inner longitudinal rib plate on the catheter; the method comprises the steps that a constraint damping layer is arranged on an outer skin where the construction of the constraint damping layer can be carried out, and the constraint damping layer has the same requirement as the constraint damping layer on an inner longitudinal rib plate;
twelfth step: polishing a preset bonding position on the outer skin until the clamping plate checks the appearance compound requirement of the guide pipe, and bonding and fixing the outer skin and an upper wing plate of the inner longitudinal rib plate;
thirteenth step: dismantling a tool with a rotating shaft;
fourteenth step: adopting three-dimensional laser to scan the three-dimensional shapes of the catheter and the mounting bracket to carry out local trimming;
fifteenth step: and punching water permeable holes of the outer skin at the appointed positions of the outer skin.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient manufacture, avoids damaging the continuity of skeleton fiber by the cooperation of the components such as the mounting bracket, the inner skin, the outer skin, the annular rib plates and the like, can greatly simplify the manufacturing process, fully simplifies the internal connection of the conduit, adopts high-modulus fiber materials, improves the integral rigidity of the conduit on the premise of keeping the integral descending compared with the conduit with other composite structures, and can reduce the vibration and noise of the propeller by combining the functions of the constraint damping vibration reduction layer and the sound absorption layer.
The composite structure catheter is suitable for large-size catheters with diameters of more than 800mm.
The conduit structure scheme of the invention is beneficial to simplifying the manufacturing process, fully playing the advantages of the fiber reinforced composite material, and has the advantages of noise reduction, light weight, high structural rigidity, simple manufacturing process and the like.
The invention can be applied to a conduit propeller or a pump jet propeller of a ship propeller.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite structure catheter according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a catheter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (partial) of a catheter of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection of the catheter mounting stent of the present invention with the inner longitudinal ribs and inner skin
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an internal longitudinal rib of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the inner skin forming process of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner skin of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a mounting bracket; 2. an inner skin; 3. an outer skin; 4. a sound absorbing layer; 5. an inner longitudinal rib; 6. a filling layer; 7. a constrained damping layer; 8. a bolt; 9. a mold;
101. a support bar; 102. a step hole;
201. an extension section; 202. a notch;
301. an outer skin water permeable hole;
501. longitudinal rib plate water permeable holes; 502. a mounting hole; 503. an upper wing plate; 504. and a lower wing plate.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the lightweight composite structure catheter of the embodiment comprises a mounting bracket 1 positioned at a central position, wherein a plurality of supporting bars 101 are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the mounting bracket 1, step holes 102 are formed in the mounting bracket 1, the lightweight composite structure catheter further comprises an inner skin 2, one end of the inner skin 2 is provided with uniformly distributed notches 202 in the circumferential direction, each notch 202 corresponds to each supporting bar 101, inner longitudinal rib plates 5 are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner skin 2, and the end parts of the inner longitudinal rib plates 5 are locked with the supporting bars 101 through bolts 8; the outer part of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is wrapped with an outer skin 3, and the outer skin 3 is provided with an outer skin water permeable hole 301; the inner skin 2 and the outer skin 3 are coated with a restraint damping layer 7; a porous rubber sound absorption structure is arranged in the inner space of the conduit to form a sound absorption layer 4; the inside of the conduit is filled with water after the conduit is immersed in water through the action of the water permeable holes, so that the pressure inside and outside the conduit is balanced.
The inner skin 2, the outer skin 3 and the inner longitudinal rib plates 5 are made of lightweight composite materials with high rigidity of carbon fibers.
The line shape of the connection of each support bar 101 and the inner skin 2 is maintained to be uniform.
The inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is of a C-shaped structure, the outer shape of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is restrained by the line type of a conduit, the upper part and the lower part of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 are respectively an upper wing plate 503 and a lower wing plate 504, the outer surfaces of the upper wing plate 503 and the lower wing plate 504 are the same as the line type of the inner wall of the skin, one end of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is provided with a longitudinal rib plate water permeable hole 501, and the other end is provided with a mounting hole 502 of a mounting bolt 8.
The structure and dimensions of the respective inner longitudinal ribs 5 remain the same.
The wall thickness of the inner longitudinal rib 5 is equal to or greater than the gap between the inner skin 2 and the outer skin 3.
The stepped hole 102 is located at the same central axis position as the inner skin 2.
The gaps between the inner longitudinal ribs 5 and the inlet and outlet of the duct are filled with chopped fiber reinforced resin to form a filling layer 6.
The thickness of the sound absorbing layer 4 is 30mm or more.
The manufacturing method of the lightweight composite structural catheter of the embodiment comprises the following operation steps:
the first step: machining a catheter mounting bracket 1 by adopting a numerical control machine tool, wherein a step hole 102 of the mounting bracket 1 is used as a mounting reference;
and a second step of: the metal mold 9 is adopted in the process of manufacturing the inner skin 2, so that the inner side shape of the inner skin 2 is ensured to be consistent with the design line; the two ends of the mould guide pipe are extended outwards for a certain distance (an extension section 202 is formed), and after the inner skin 2 is manufactured by adopting a vacuum introducing or autoclave integrated forming process, the redundant parts at the two ends are cut off, so that the end quality is ensured;
and a third step of: the outer skin 3 is divided into more than two parts, a metal mold is adopted in the process of manufacturing the catheter outer skin 3, the outer side shape of the outer skin 3 is ensured to be consistent with a design line, and the manufacturing method and the manufacturing process are the same as those of the inner skin 2;
fourth step: after the external dimension of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is determined, a metal mold is manufactured, and the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is manufactured by adopting a vacuum introducing or autoclave process; the upper wing plate 503 and the lower wing plate 504 of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 are provided with a constraint damping layer 7 in advance, the loss factor of the constraint damping layer 7 is more than or equal to 0.3, and the thickness is 1 mm-5 mm;
fifth step: opening the inner skin 2 according to the number of the supporting bars 101 on the catheter mounting bracket 1, the rectangular plane size of the opening and the position requirement of the mounting bracket 1;
sixth step: in order to ensure the relative position and coaxiality of the inner skin 2 and the mounting bracket 1, a fixture with a rotating shaft is adopted to fix the mounting bracket 1 and the inner skin 2; in order to avoid the deformation of the relative position due to gravity, the whole tool is vertically placed in the manufacturing process;
seventh step: marking on the inner skin 2, determining the installation position of an inner longitudinal rib plate 5, polishing the installation position of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 on the inner skin 2, assembling the inner longitudinal rib plate 5, after the lower side surface of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is completely matched with the inner skin 2, assembling the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 and the mounting bracket 1 with mounting holes 502, adopting sand paper to punch one side of a Mao Kaikong rectangular plane, which is attached to the inner longitudinal rib plate 5, adopting acetone to clean, and then mounting the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 with glue, tightening bolts 8 on the support bars 101 according to a diagonal sequence, and tightening torque is less than or equal to 20N.m;
eighth step: repairing the opening in the fifth step by adopting carbon fibers and chopped fibers, filling chopped fiber reinforced resin at the inlet end and the outlet end of the guide pipe, and controlling the appearance by using a clamping plate;
ninth step: the constraint damping layer 7 is arranged on the inner skin 2 where the construction of the constraint damping layer can be carried out, and the requirement of the constraint damping layer is the same as that of the constraint damping layer on the inner longitudinal rib plate 5;
tenth step: measuring the size of a cavity formed by the restraint damping layer 7 of the inner skin 2 and the inner longitudinal rib plates 5, and designing and manufacturing the sound absorption layer 4; the sound absorption layer 4 is a rubber layer with a cavity and is fixed on the constraint damping layer 7 in an adhesive manner, so that the gap between the sound absorption layer 4 and the outer skin 3 is more than or equal to 4mm; the minimum thickness of the sound absorption layer 4 is more than or equal to 30mm; when the space does not meet the requirement, the step can be canceled;
eleventh step: scribing the outer cover at a preset bonding position according to the mounting position of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 on the catheter; the constraint damping layer is arranged on the outer skin 3 where the construction of the constraint damping layer can be carried out, and the requirement of the constraint damping layer is the same as that of the constraint damping layer on the inner longitudinal rib plate 5;
twelfth step: polishing the preset bonding position on the outer skin 3 until the clamping plate checks the appearance compound requirement of the guide pipe, and bonding and fixing the outer skin 3 and the upper wing plate 503 of the inner longitudinal rib plate 5;
thirteenth step: dismantling a tool with a rotating shaft;
fourteenth step: adopting a three-dimensional laser scanning catheter and the three-dimensional shape of the mounting bracket 1 to carry out local trimming;
fifteenth step: the outer skin water penetration holes 301 are perforated at specified positions of the outer skin 3.
The number of the inner longitudinal rib plates 5 is N times of the number of the supporting strips 101 of the mounting bracket 1, N is a positive integer, wet modal analysis of the duct structure can be carried out, and the value of N needs to effectively avoid the blade frequency (the number of blades is equal to the rotating speed) of the propeller rotor and the second harmonic frequency; the supporting bar 101 of the mounting bracket 1 is connected with the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 by adopting three or more bolts and glue in a mixed mode, and a bolt anti-loosening measure is adopted.
The inner skin 2 of the conduit is a whole body and adopts a vacuum introducing or autoclave integrated forming process;
the restraint damping layer 7 of the conduit is coated on the inner sides of the inner skin 2 and the outer skin 3, the loss factor of the damping layer is not less than 0.3, and the thickness is 1-5 mm; the restraint damping layer 7 is the same as the inner and outer skins in material and has the thickness of 0.2-2 mm.
The sound absorption layer 4 of the conduit is a rubber layer with a cavity, and the minimum thickness is not less than 30mm; if the interior space of the duct is small, the sound absorbing effect is poor, and the sound absorbing layer can be eliminated.
The outer skin 3 of the catheter can be equally divided into M parts, N is a positive integer, and N is more than or equal to 2; the splice of the outer skin 3 should be on the longitudinal ribs.
The specific structure and functions of the invention are as follows:
the mounting bracket comprises a mounting bracket 1, a plurality of support bars 101 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the mounting bracket 1, the head of each support bar 101 is used for connecting the support bar 101 with an inner longitudinal rib plate 5 through bolts 8, anti-loose gaskets, nuts and the like, and coaxiality of a stepped hole 102 of the mounting bracket 1 and an inner skin 2 is checked before fixing.
The inner longitudinal ribs 5 are C-shaped, the outer surfaces of the upper wing plate 503 and the lower wing plate 504 being the same as the profile of the inner wall of the duct skin.
The inner longitudinal ribs 5 are adhesively secured to the inner skin 2 and the outer skin 3 by means of upper and lower wings 503 and 504, respectively.
The gaps between the inner longitudinal ribs 5 and the inlet and outlet of the duct are filled with chopped fiber reinforced resin to form a filling layer 6.
The restraint damping layer material 7 is mounted on the inner skin 2 and the outer skin 3.
Inside the duct, in the cavity formed by the inner longitudinal rib 5 and the inner skin 2, the outer skin 3, a sound-absorbing layer 4 is installed, the minimum thickness of the sound-absorbing layer 4 is not less than 30mm. When the space is not satisfactory, the sound absorbing layer 4 may be omitted.
The inner skin 2, the outer skin 3 and the inner longitudinal rib plates 5 are alternately paved in a mode of [0 degree/90 degree/+/-45 degree ], and the total number of the paved layers is not less than 32 layers.
The inner skin 2, the outer skin 3, the inner longitudinal ribs 5 have to be made of carbon fibers or other higher modulus fiber materials.
The filler layer 6 of the duct is a blend of chopped fibres and resin, the fibres being of the same fibre material as the skin.
The maximum diameter of the catheter is not less than 800mm.
In the actual manufacturing process:
the catheter mounting bracket 1 is formed by a numerical control machine tool and is used as a mounting reference; the inner skin 2 is manufactured using a metal mould 9 which is shaped to conform to the design line and which extends appropriately outwards at both ends. After the inner skin 2 is manufactured by vacuum introduction or autoclave integral molding, the redundant parts at the two ends are cut off; when the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is manufactured, a metal mold is adopted, the outer line type is obtained according to the line type deviation of the outer surface of the guide pipe, and the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is manufactured by adopting a vacuum introducing or autoclave process; the fixture with the rotating shaft is adopted to fix the mounting frame and the inner skin, so that the coaxiality of the inner skin 2 and the mounting bracket 1 is ensured; the internal longitudinal ribs 5 are fitted by means of local sanding. After the lower surface is completely matched with the inner skin, the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 is provided with a mounting hole 502, the inner skin 2 and the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 are glued by adopting a structural adhesive, and a fixing bolt for connecting the inner longitudinal rib plate 5 and the mounting bracket 1 is mounted; locally reinforcing the inner skin, filling the end part and the stern part of the guide pipe, and polishing to a specified outer line; installing a restraint damping layer on the inner skin; a restraint damping layer 7 is arranged on the outer skin 3; the outer skin 3 is assembled by adopting a local polishing mode, and finally the outer skin 3 is bonded by adopting structural adhesive.
The invention is distinguished from the prior art in that:
the traditional catheter is simply divided into a solid structure and a longitudinal and transverse framework structure, and the manufacturing process of the catheter is rarely mentioned; the composite material has technical difficulty in manufacturing the longitudinal and transverse skeleton structure, and the structure can not be effectively ensured to achieve higher strength and rigidity; since the size of the gap between the propeller and the guide tube and whether the gap is uniform will affect the propulsion efficiency and the vibration noise, the previous patent does not mention how to ensure the coaxiality of the guide tube and the guide tube mounting bracket 1, and when the diameter of the guide tube is smaller, the design space of the guide tube is smaller, and the above problems are not outstanding.
The above description is intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit it, the scope of which is defined by the claims, and any modifications can be made within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A lightweight composite structural catheter, characterized in that: the mounting bracket comprises a mounting bracket (1) positioned at the central position, wherein a plurality of supporting bars (101) are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the mounting bracket (1) in the circumferential direction, a step hole (102) is formed in the mounting bracket (1), the mounting bracket further comprises an inner skin (2), one end of the inner skin (2) is provided with uniformly distributed notches (202) in the circumferential direction, each notch (202) corresponds to each supporting bar (101), inner longitudinal rib plates (5) are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner skin (2), and the end parts of the inner longitudinal rib plates (5) are locked with the supporting bars (101) through bolts (8); an outer skin (3) is wrapped outside the inner longitudinal rib plates (5), and an outer skin water permeable hole (301) is formed in the outer skin (3); the inner skin (2) and the outer skin (3) are coated with a restraint damping layer (7); a porous rubber sound absorption structure is arranged in the inner space of the conduit to form a sound absorption layer (4); the inside of the conduit is filled with water after the conduit is immersed in water through the action of the water permeable holes, so that the pressure inside and outside the conduit is balanced; the inner skin (2), the outer skin (3) and the inner longitudinal rib plates (5) are all made of light-weight composite materials with high rigidity of carbon fibers; the line type of the joint of each supporting bar (101) and the inner skin (2) is kept consistent; the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) is of a C-shaped structure, the outer shape of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) is constrained by the line type of a conduit, the upper part and the lower part of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) are respectively an upper wing plate (503) and a lower wing plate (504), the outer surfaces of the upper wing plate (503) and the lower wing plate (504) are the same as the molded line of the inner wall of the skin, one end of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) is provided with a longitudinal rib plate water permeable hole (501), and the other end is provided with a mounting hole (502) for a mounting bolt (8); the structure and the size of each inner longitudinal rib plate (5) are consistent; the step hole (102) and the inner skin (2) are positioned at the same central axis; the gaps between the inner longitudinal rib plates (5) and the inlet and the outlet of the guide pipe are filled with chopped fiber reinforced resin to form a filling layer (6); the thickness of the sound absorption layer (4) is more than or equal to 30mm; the composite structure catheter is suitable for large-size catheters with diameters of more than 800mm.
2. A method of manufacturing a lightweight composite structural catheter according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following operation steps:
the first step: machining a catheter mounting bracket (1) by adopting a numerical control machine tool, wherein a step hole (102) of the mounting bracket (1) is used as a mounting reference;
and a second step of: a metal mold (9) is adopted when the inner skin (2) is manufactured, so that the inner side shape of the inner skin (2) is ensured to be consistent with a design line; the two ends of the mould guide pipe extend outwards for a certain distance, and when the inner skin (2) is manufactured by adopting a vacuum introducing or autoclave integrated forming process, the redundant parts at the two ends are cut off, so that the quality of the end is ensured;
and a third step of: dividing the outer skin (3) into more than two parts, and adopting a metal die when manufacturing the catheter outer skin (3), so as to ensure that the outer side shape of the outer skin (3) is consistent with a design line, and the manufacturing method and process are the same as those of the inner skin (2);
fourth step: after the external dimension of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) is determined, a metal mold is manufactured, and the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) is manufactured by adopting a vacuum introducing or autoclave process; a restraint damping layer (7) is pre-installed on an upper wing plate (503) and a lower wing plate (504) of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5), the loss factor of the restraint damping layer (7) is more than or equal to 0.3, and the thickness is 1 mm-5 mm;
fifth step: opening the inner skin (2) according to the number of supporting strips (101) on the catheter mounting bracket (1), the rectangular plane size of the opening and the position requirement of the mounting bracket (1);
sixth step: in order to ensure the relative position and coaxiality of the inner skin (2) and the mounting bracket (1), a fixture with a rotating shaft is adopted to fix the mounting bracket (1) and the inner skin (2); in order to avoid the deformation of the relative position due to gravity, the whole tool is vertically placed in the manufacturing process;
seventh step: marking on the inner skin (2), determining the installation position of an inner longitudinal rib plate (5), polishing the installation position of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) on the inner skin (2), assembling the inner longitudinal rib plate (5), after the lower side surface of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) is completely matched with the inner skin (2), assembling an installation hole (502) on the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) and an installation bracket (1), polishing one side of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) on a Mao Kaikong rectangular plane by adopting sand paper, cleaning by adopting acetone, installing the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) by adopting adhesive, screwing bolts (8) on a supporting bar (101) according to a diagonal sequence, and screwing torque is less than or equal to 20N.m;
eighth step: repairing the opening in the fifth step by adopting carbon fibers and chopped fibers, filling chopped fiber reinforced resin at the inlet end and the outlet end of the guide pipe, and controlling the appearance by using a clamping plate;
ninth step: a constraint damping layer (7) is arranged on the inner skin (2) where the construction of the constraint damping layer can be carried out, and the requirement of the constraint damping layer is the same as that of the constraint damping layer on the inner longitudinal rib plate (5);
tenth step: measuring the size of a cavity formed by a constraint damping layer (7) of the inner skin (2) and an inner longitudinal rib plate (5), and designing and manufacturing a sound absorption layer (4); the sound absorption layer (4) is a rubber layer with a cavity and is fixed on the constraint damping layer (7) in an adhesive manner, so that the gap between the sound absorption layer (4) and the outer skin (3) is more than or equal to 4mm; the minimum thickness of the sound absorption layer (4) is more than or equal to 30mm; when the space does not meet the requirement, the step can be canceled;
eleventh step: scribing the outer cover at a preset bonding position according to the mounting position of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5) on the catheter; the constraint damping layer is arranged on the outer skin (3) where the construction of the constraint damping layer can be carried out, and the constraint damping layer has the same requirement as the constraint damping layer on the inner longitudinal rib plate (5);
twelfth step: polishing a preset bonding position on the outer skin (3) until the clamping plate checks the appearance compounding requirement of the catheter, and bonding and fixing the outer skin (3) and an upper wing plate (503) of the inner longitudinal rib plate (5);
thirteenth step: dismantling a tool with a rotating shaft;
fourteenth step: adopting three-dimensional laser scanning catheter and three-dimensional shape of the mounting bracket (1) to carry out local trimming;
fifteenth step: and punching an outer skin water permeable hole (301) at a designated position of the outer skin (3).
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| CN101791761A (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2010-08-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Method for compensating for matching surface gap of skeleton and skin of aircraft structure |
| CN108313249A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-24 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0研究所 | Pump-jet propulsor lightweight combined-stator conduit and its forming method |
| CN111169615B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-02-02 | 北京玻钢院复合材料有限公司 | Composite material conduit of propeller and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112407214A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-02-26 | 上海斯玛德大推船用螺旋桨设计有限公司 | Deep sea propeller composite material conduit |
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