CN114935608A - Ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measuring device - Google Patents
Ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114935608A CN114935608A CN202210703752.9A CN202210703752A CN114935608A CN 114935608 A CN114935608 A CN 114935608A CN 202210703752 A CN202210703752 A CN 202210703752A CN 114935608 A CN114935608 A CN 114935608A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a directivity measuring device of an ultrasonic stress transducer, which relates to the field of transduction directivity measurement and comprises the following components: the device comprises a signal generator, a transmitting transducer, a semi-cylindrical test block, a receiving module and a display module; the signal generator is respectively connected with the transmitting transducer and the display module; the transmitting transducer is arranged in the center of the plane side face of the semi-cylindrical test block; the receiving module is arranged on the side surface of the cambered surface of the semi-cylinder; the transmitting transducer is used for converting the electric signal generated by the signal generator into an acoustic signal; the receiving module is connected with the display module; the display module is used for determining the directivity according to the sound signals received by the receiving signals. The invention can improve the measurement precision of the directivity of the ultrasonic stress transducer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of transduction directivity measurement, in particular to a directivity measurement device of an ultrasonic stress transducer.
Background
The application field of ultrasonic stress detection is very wide, and the application field of the ultrasonic stress detection is stress detection of tested pieces such as bolts, gas pipelines, high-pressure vessel welding seams and the like. The ultrasonic stress adopts longitudinal waves and critical refraction longitudinal waves for stress detection, is the most convenient, accurate and economic method, and is also a hotspot of research in various countries at present and a main development direction of the future ultrasonic stress detection. The sensitivity analysis of the ultrasonic to the stress shows that the sensitivity of longitudinal waves and critical refraction longitudinal waves in the stress direction is higher, and the detection precision of the stress is highest. However, during actual detection, a certain included angle exists between the ultrasonic wave and the stress in the direction, and the stress measurement result is influenced. Therefore, the measuring method and the measuring device of the ultrasonic stress transducer directivity have important significance for ultrasonic stress detection.
The measurement of ultrasonic transducer sound beam directivity is usually carried out in water medium. The sound field characteristics are measured by adopting a hydrophone method, the hydrophone is driven by a scanning positioning device to scan a plurality of planes, and the obtained-3 dB sound beam spread angle is an important parameter for describing the sound field directivity. Or the transmitting transducer is fixed on a rotating shaft and placed in water, a standard hydrophone is placed at a certain distance, and the transducer to be tested is rotated to record signals and draw a directivity diagram. The directivity of the ultrasonic transducer is a mature method for measuring in water, but some ultrasonic stress transducers cannot be placed in water due to the problem of water tightness, and other ultrasonic stress transducers are based on the principle of electromagnetic ultrasonic conversion and cannot radiate sound waves into water. The measurement method in water is not suitable for the calibration of the directivity of the ultrasonic stress transducer. Therefore, some students select the standard test block of the ultrasonic flaw detector to perform the experimental measurement of the critical refraction longitudinal wave sound beam pointing characteristic, and the experimental result is consistent with the theoretical result. The standard test block method measures the spread angle of a longitudinal sound beam by using a relative plane, but the distances between a receiving transducer and a transmitting transducer under each angle are different, so that the directivity of the transducer is represented to bring larger errors.
At present, no relevant standards and specifications exist at home and abroad for measuring the directivity of the ultrasonic stress transducer, which causes great troubles to the verification of a metrological department and a use unit. Therefore, it can be seen that there is a great need to develop research on ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measurement methods and development of corresponding measurement devices.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a directivity measuring device of an ultrasonic stress transducer, which is used for improving the measurement precision of the directivity of the ultrasonic stress transducer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measurement device comprising: the device comprises a signal generator, a transmitting transducer, a semi-cylindrical test block, a receiving module and a display module;
the signal generator is respectively connected with the transmitting transducer and the display module; the transmitting transducer is arranged in the center of the plane side face of the semi-cylindrical test block; the receiving module is arranged on the side surface of the cambered surface of the semi-cylinder; the transmitting transducer is used for converting the electric signal generated by the signal generator into an acoustic signal; the receiving module is connected with the display module; the display module is used for determining the directivity according to the sound signals received by the receiving signals.
Optionally, the surface roughness of the semi-cylindrical test block is less than 10 μm.
Optionally, the semi-cylindrical test block is made of a metal material.
Optionally, the transmitting transducer comprises a longitudinal wave transducer and a critically refracted longitudinal wave transducer; the longitudinal wave transducer and the critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer are both arranged in the center of the plane side face of the semi-cylindrical test block; and the longitudinal wave transducer and the critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer are both connected with the signal generator.
Optionally, the receiving module is a receiving transducer or a laser vibration meter.
Optionally, the display module comprises a digital oscilloscope and an upper computer connected with the digital oscilloscope; and the digital oscilloscope is respectively connected with the signal generator and the receiving module.
Optionally, a semicircular dial is arranged on the bottom surface of the semi-cylindrical test block, and the semicircular dial is used for adjusting the angle.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
in the invention, the signal generator is respectively connected with the transmitting transducer and the display module; the transmitting transducer is arranged in the center of the plane side face of the semi-cylindrical test block; the receiving module is arranged on the side surface of the cambered surface of the semi-cylinder; the transmitting transducer is used for converting the electric signal generated by the signal generator into an acoustic signal; the receiving module is connected with the display module; the display module is used for determining the directivity according to the sound signal received by the receiving signal. Can satisfy the directive property measurement of longitudinal wave and critical refraction longitudinal wave through the semicylinder test block, realize the high-efficient of each type ultrasonic stress transducer and measure, and utilize receiving module to gather the measurement accuracy that the signal improves ultrasonic stress transducer directive property.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a directivity measuring device of an ultrasonic stress transducer provided by the present invention.
Description of the symbols:
the device comprises a signal generator 1, a digital oscilloscope 2, an upper computer 3, a semi-cylindrical test block 4, a transmitting transducer 5 and a receiving module 6.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a directivity measuring device of an ultrasonic stress transducer, which is used for improving the measurement precision of the directivity of the ultrasonic stress transducer.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measurement device provided by the present invention includes: the device comprises a signal generator 1, a transmitting transducer 5, a semi-cylindrical test block 4, a receiving module 6 and a display module.
The signal generator 1 is respectively connected with the transmitting transducer 5 and the display module; the transmitting transducer 5 is arranged in the center of the plane side surface of the semi-cylindrical test block 4; in practical application, the transmitting transducer 5 is arranged at the center of the plane of the semi-cylindrical test block 4 and keeps unchanged. The receiving module 6 is arranged on the side surface of the cambered surface of the semi-cylinder; the transmitting transducer 5 is used for converting the electric signal generated by the signal generator 1 into an acoustic signal; the receiving module 6 is connected with the display module; the display module is used for determining the directivity according to the sound signals received by the receiving signals. The signal generator 1 is of a Tektronix AFG31000 type, and can provide various frequency, waveform and output level electric signals, and can generate sound waves of specific frequency. The device is used as a signal source or an excitation source for testing when measuring the amplitude characteristic, the frequency characteristic, the transmission characteristic and other electrical parameters of various telecommunication systems or telecommunication equipment and when measuring the characteristics and parameters of components.
In an alternative embodiment, the surface roughness of the semi-cylindrical test block 4 is less than 10 μm. The semi-cylindrical test block 4 is made of a metal material; such as steel, aluminum, copper. And a semicircular dial is arranged on the bottom surface of the semi-cylindrical test block 4 and used for adjusting the angle. Wherein, two clamps are arranged on the semicircular dial for fixing the transmitting transducer 5 and the receiving transducer, so as to accurately adjust the angle and ensure the same coupling force.
As an alternative embodiment, the transmitting transducer 5 comprises a longitudinal wave transducer and a critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer; the longitudinal wave transducer and the critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer are both arranged in the center of the plane side face of the semi-cylindrical test block 4; the longitudinal wave transducer and the critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer are both connected with the signal generator 1. The type of the transmitting transducer 5 is TOFD 5 MHz; the transmitting transducer 5 converts the electric energy into sound energy and is divided into a longitudinal wave transducer and a critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer. The longitudinal wave transducer can generate longitudinal waves in a certain frequency range, the critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer is formed by matching the longitudinal wave transducer with the acoustic wedge block through threads, and the incident longitudinal waves generate critical refraction longitudinal waves at the circle center of the test block by taking the first critical angle as an incident angle. The two transducers are switched during different tests, namely a longitudinal wave transducer for measuring longitudinal wave directivity and a critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer for measuring critical refraction longitudinal wave directivity (the longitudinal wave transducer and the acoustic wedge are matched in a threaded mode). During experiments, the two transducers are both provided with the semi-cylindrical test block 4, and the planar ends of the two transducers are coupled by coupling agents. After the receiving transducer or the laser vibration meter is aligned with the center of the transmitting transducer 5, the receiving transducer or the laser vibration meter receives signals in all directions around the transmitting transducer 5 on the same horizontal plane of the semi-cylindrical surface.
In an alternative embodiment, the receiving module 6 is a receiving transducer or a laser vibrometer. Wherein the laser vibration meter is a single-point laser vibration meter or a scanning laser vibration meter. The receiving transducer is TOFD 5MHz, converts sound energy into electric energy, and receives sound wave signals. The laser vibrometer is Polytec OFV-505, is based on laser Doppler effect, is the best vibration measurement method capable of obtaining displacement and speed resolution at present, receives sound wave signals, and can synchronously output displacement, speed and acceleration.
As an optional implementation manner, the display module includes a digital oscilloscope 2 and an upper computer 3 connected to the digital oscilloscope 2; the digital oscilloscope 2 is respectively connected with the signal generator 1 and the receiving module 6. The digital oscilloscope 2 is a Tektronix MDO3034, is a high-performance oscilloscope manufactured by a series of technologies such as data acquisition, a/D conversion, software programming and the like, and can be used for storing, displaying, measuring and analyzing and processing waveform data of received signals. The upper computer 3 traces the directional characteristic of the transmitting transducer 5 according to the received signal and calculates the-3 dB beam width.
The semi-cylindrical test block method provided by the invention simultaneously meets the measurement of the directional characteristics of longitudinal waves and critical refraction longitudinal waves, realizes the efficient measurement of the directivity of various types of ultrasonic stress transducers, is convenient and quick and is suitable for the field. Compared with a hydrophone method for measurement in water, the semi-cylindrical test block method can not be limited by the water tightness of the transducer, the working principle of the transducer and the like, and is suitable for ultrasonic stress transducers of any models. The receiving transducer or the laser vibration meter collects signals at equal intervals in all angles, so that better signals can be obtained, and the test accuracy is high. Thereby ensuring the accuracy of the directional characteristic of the ultrasonic stress transducer and realizing the high-efficiency measurement of the directivity of various ultrasonic stress transducers
The measuring method of the ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measuring device in practical application is a semi-cylindrical test block method, is based on the principle that sound waves radiate in a solid medium, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the-3 dB beam width of the directivity of the longitudinal wave transducer; the test block is the halfcylinder, and the surface is smooth, has laminated the semicircle calibrated scale above that, the accurate of the angular adjustment of being convenient for. The transmitting transducer 5 is placed at the center of the plane of the test block and keeps unchanged, and after the receiving transducer is aligned with the center of the transmitting transducer 5, the receiving transducer receives signals in all directions around the transmitting transducer 5 on the same horizontal plane of the semi-cylindrical surface. The transmitting transducer 5 and the receiving transducer surfaces are coated with a coupling agent. In the selection of the excitation source, in order to avoid the influence of the reflected wave at the edge of the test block on the received signal and ensure the stability of the received signal, a pulse wave is used. The signal generator 1 generates a sine pulse signal to excite the transmitting transducer 5, the digital oscilloscope 2 measures a received signal to obtain the longitudinal wave directivity of the transducer, and the-3 dB wave beam width is further obtained through calculation.
Step 2: measuring the-3 dB wave beam width of the critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer directivity;
measuring the directivity of the critical refraction longitudinal wave on the basis of the step 1, wherein the type of the transmitting transducer 5 needs to be replaced by a critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer, the incident point of the critical refraction longitudinal wave is aligned with the circle center of the test block, and the receiving transducer starts to receive signals at the end point of the cylindrical surface at equal angles. The critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer is formed by matching a longitudinal wave transducer and an acoustic wedge block through threads, and the incident longitudinal wave takes a first critical angle as an incident angle to generate a critical refraction longitudinal wave at the center of a test block circle.
In order to measure the directivity of the critical refraction longitudinal wave, on the basis of a longitudinal wave directivity experiment system, the type of the transmitting transducer 5 is replaced by a critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer, and the incident angle is 28 degrees. The receiving transducer or the laser vibration meter starts measuring at each angle from the end point of the cylindrical surface, specifically, signals are received at equal intervals at each angle, the digital oscilloscope 2 displays the received waveform, and the critical refraction longitudinal wave directivity of the transmitting transducer 5 is obtained through processing by the upper computer 3. In the experiment, transverse waves are transmitted to the inside of the test block, and the refraction angle of the transverse waves is 34 degrees through calculation, so that the transverse waves are measured within the range of 0-30 degrees, and the interference of the transverse waves is eliminated. And a proper coupling agent is adopted for coating, so that the received signal is stable. The main lobe pointing angle of the experimental value is obtained through processing of the upper computer 3 and is about 15 degrees, the conclusion of related research is met, and the-3 dB beam width of the experimental value is 10.55 degrees.
The device provided by the invention fills the blank of the ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measuring device at home and abroad, realizes the high-efficiency measurement of the directivity of various types of ultrasonic stress transducers, and provides a reference mode for metering calibration. Compare in aquatic measuring device, the device more accords with the in-service use operating mode that ultrasonic stress detected, and applicable in the ultrasonic stress transducer directive property calibration of arbitrary model, convenient and fast just is applicable to the scene.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are presented solely to aid in the understanding of the apparatus and its core concepts; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measurement device, comprising: the device comprises a signal generator, a transmitting transducer, a semi-cylindrical test block, a receiving module and a display module;
the signal generator is respectively connected with the transmitting transducer and the display module; the transmitting transducer is arranged in the center of the plane side face of the semi-cylindrical test block; the receiving module is arranged on the side surface of the cambered surface of the semi-cylinder; the transmitting transducer is used for converting the electric signal generated by the signal generator into an acoustic signal; the receiving module is connected with the display module; the display module is used for determining the directivity according to the sound signals received by the receiving signals.
2. The ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measurement device of claim 1, wherein the surface roughness of the semi-cylindrical test block is less than 10 μm.
3. The ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measurement device of claim 1, wherein the semi-cylindrical test block is made of a metal material.
4. The ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measurement device of claim 1, wherein the transmitting transducer comprises a longitudinal transducer and a critical refraction longitudinal transducer; the longitudinal wave transducer and the critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer are both arranged in the center of the plane side face of the semi-cylindrical test block; the longitudinal wave transducer and the critical refraction longitudinal wave transducer are both connected with the signal generator.
5. The ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measurement device of claim 1, wherein the receiving module is a receiving transducer or a laser vibrometer.
6. The ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measurement device of claim 1, wherein the display module comprises a digital oscilloscope and an upper computer connected with the digital oscilloscope; and the digital oscilloscope is respectively connected with the signal generator and the receiving module.
7. The ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that a semicircular dial is arranged on the bottom surface of the semi-cylindrical test block, and the semicircular dial is used for adjusting the angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210703752.9A CN114935608A (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measuring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210703752.9A CN114935608A (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measuring device |
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| CN114935608A true CN114935608A (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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| CN202210703752.9A Pending CN114935608A (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Ultrasonic stress transducer directivity measuring device |
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- 2022-06-21 CN CN202210703752.9A patent/CN114935608A/en active Pending
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