CN114934613A - Assembled ecological building block, assembled ecological energy storage wall and wall construction method - Google Patents
Assembled ecological building block, assembled ecological energy storage wall and wall construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114934613A CN114934613A CN202210607198.4A CN202210607198A CN114934613A CN 114934613 A CN114934613 A CN 114934613A CN 202210607198 A CN202210607198 A CN 202210607198A CN 114934613 A CN114934613 A CN 114934613A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
- E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
- E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
- E04B2/46—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
- E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
- E04B2/48—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses an assembled ecological block, an assembled ecological energy storage wall and a wall construction method, wherein the assembled ecological block is made of raw soil, cement, fly ash, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, nano silicon dioxide and a high-performance water reducing agent and comprises wall blocks, beam blocks, column blocks and auxiliary blocks of a cuboid structure, vertical embedded connection is realized through tenon-and-mortise joints of a 'convex-concave' structure, horizontal embedded connection is realized through a shear key formed by grouting in a short-edge grouting key II, staggered joints are grouped to form the wall, horizontal ribs are arranged along a horizontal groove in the wall, vertical ribs are arranged in a cavity, grouting treatment is carried out in the cavity, the grouting key I and the grouting key II, the integrity of the wall is enhanced, and a phase change capsule after encapsulation is filled in the cavity without the ribs and grouting, so that the heat storage and transfer performance of the wall is improved. The invention adopts green ecological building materials, integrates the phase change energy storage technology, and constructs the prefabricated ecological energy storage wall which keeps the traditional appearance of the rural residences and is beneficial to prefabrication and assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of assembled ecological buildings, and particularly relates to an assembled ecological building block, an assembled ecological energy storage wall and a wall construction method.
Background
The brick-concrete structure is used as a main structural form of the existing village and town buildings in China to play an important role in the village and town construction, but along with the continuous improvement of the economy and productivity level in China, the brick-concrete structural form has the defects of poor disaster prevention capability, high energy consumption, inconvenience for assembly, damage to the traditional civil landscape and the like. The main problems are as follows:
1. earthquake disasters in China are frequent, the brick-concrete structure has great self weight, short self vibration period, poor integrity, insufficient shock resistance and high collapse probability under strong earthquake, and the safety of lives and properties of residents has great hidden danger;
2. compared with the traditional raw soil structure and wood structure, the brick-concrete structure has larger building energy consumption and huge resource waste, especially in severe cold areas, and meanwhile, the materials such as common sintered bricks, hollow bricks, concrete, cement and the like adopted in the brick-concrete structure are not environment-friendly materials, so that the environment is polluted to different degrees in the links of material production, member manufacturing, building demolition and the like;
3. the brick-concrete structure is not easy to realize prefabrication and assembly type construction, so that the standardization, prefabrication and assembly processes are difficult to push in the construction of villages and towns, while the assembly type light steel house is favorable for realizing prefabrication and assembly, but has higher manufacturing cost, the building appearance does not meet the psychological requirements of residents in the villages and towns, and the popularization in the villages and the towns requires time;
4. brick-concrete structure building destroys traditional local style of residence physiognomy, and the phenomenon of "thousand towns one side" has appeared in many villages and small towns, and traditional buildings such as traditional immature soil, bamboo wood are mixed with natural water emulsion, inherit local national culture essence, and it is high to retrieve regeneration utilization ratio, but its self also has shortcomings such as the antidetonation is relatively poor and fire resistance durability is poor.
Therefore, a need exists for innovative villages and towns building structure system, which is a novel building structure system with low carbon, high efficiency, flexibility and economy by applying ecological building materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an assembled ecological building block, an assembled ecological energy storage wall and a wall construction method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the assembled ecological building block is prepared from raw soil, cement, fly ash, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, nano silicon dioxide and a high-performance water reducing agent, and comprises a wall building block, a beam building block, a column building block and an auxiliary building block which are of cuboid structures.
As a preferable scheme of the assembled ecological building block, the mass ratio of the raw soil, the cement, the fly ash and the water is (1-1.2) to (0.08-0.15) to (0.15-0.25) to (0.12-0.18), the mass of the nano silicon dioxide is 2% -3% of the total mass of the fly ash and the cement, the mass of the high-performance water reducing agent is 0.25% -0.35% of the total mass of the fly ash and the cement, and the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 0.8% -12% of the volume of the building block.
As a preferable scheme of the assembled ecological block, one large face of the wall block is provided with two symmetrical chambers which penetrate through along the thickness direction, the top of each chamber is provided with a convex rib, the other large face of the wall block is provided with a groove with the same size as the convex rib, the groove penetrates through the wall block along the length direction of the wall block, the middle of the large face of the wall block is provided with a first vertical grouting key which penetrates through along the thickness direction, two short edges of the wall block are respectively provided with a second vertical grouting key which penetrates through along the thickness direction, the cross section of the first grouting key along the length direction of the wall block is a closed square, and the cross section of the second grouting key is an open rectangle.
As a preferable scheme of the assembled ecological building block, the convex ribs are right-angled trapezoid cross-section rings, and the grooves are of trapezoid structures which are wedged with the convex rib items.
As a preferable scheme of the fabricated ecological block, the section of the grouting key II is 1/2 of the section of the grouting key I.
As a preferable scheme of the fabricated ecological block of the present invention, the beam block is different from the wall block in that the groove depth of the beam block is 1/3 times the thickness of the beam block, and the beam block is used for horizontal tie bar grouting.
As a preferable scheme of the fabricated ecological block, the column block is different from the wall block in that two short sides of the column block are not provided with a second vertical grouting key penetrating through the column block along the thickness direction, and two ends of a groove of the column block are of a closed structure.
As a preferred scheme of the fabricated ecological block, the auxiliary block comprises an auxiliary wall block I, an auxiliary wall block II, an auxiliary beam block I, an auxiliary beam block II and an auxiliary column block I, wherein the auxiliary wall block I and the auxiliary beam block I respectively reserve only one short-edge grouting key II for the wall block and the beam block, and the other short-edge grouting key II is not arranged for the other short edge of the wall block and the beam block and is used for being built at a corner part of a wall; and the auxiliary wall building block II, the auxiliary beam building block II and the auxiliary column building block I are respectively building blocks which are divided by wall building blocks, beam building blocks and column building blocks along the central line of the long edge and are used for vertically aligning the wall body.
Assembled ecological energy storage wall body, by assembled ecological building block realize vertical embedded connection through the tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches of "the epirelief is recessed", form shear key through the grout in the minor face grout key two and realize the level embedded connection, the stagger joint group builds the building and forms the wall body, set up horizontal muscle along the inside horizontal groove of wall body, set up vertical muscle in the cavity, and at cavity and grout key one, grout in the grout key two and handle, strengthen the wall body wholeness, at the not lacing wire, fill the phase transition capsule after the encapsulation in the cavity of grout, promote the wall body and hold, heat transfer performance.
As a preferable scheme of the assembled ecological energy storage wall body, the phase change capsule has the same structure as the cavity, the shell of the phase change capsule is made of high-density polyethylene, the phase change temperature of the internal phase change material is 20-30 ℃, and the phase change enthalpy value is not less than 200 kJ/kg.
As a preferable scheme of the assembled ecological energy storage wall, the assembled ecological building block is formed by static compression, the forming pressure is 20 MPa-30 MPa, the building block is demoulded after being pressed once, and the building block is used for building the wall after being maintained for 28 days under the conditions that the temperature is 20 +/-5 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80 +/-5%.
As a preferable scheme of the assembled ecological energy storage wall, the grouting material is self-compacting grouting material, the fluidity is not less than 260mm, the vertical expansion rate in 3 hours is not more than 3%, and the compression strength and the breaking strength are not lower than those of the assembled ecological building blocks.
The construction method of the assembled ecological energy storage wall body comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging vertical ribs on the top surface of a ground beam according to the space between cavities with the distance of 5-20 times, arranging the vertical ribs at the junctions of corners and longitudinal and transverse walls without the limitation of arrangement space, wherein the length of a first layer of steel bars is 1/3 wall elevation, and extending the lengths of the vertical ribs to the wall elevation in two batches through mechanical connection when the wall is built to the ends of the steel bars;
secondly, paving a cement mortar thin layer at the bottom of the first batch of building blocks, wherein the thickness of the thin layer is larger than the height of the convex ribs, enabling a cavity of the wall building block to penetrate through the reserved vertical ribs, paving the wall building block in a mode that the convex ribs face downwards, vertically aligning each batch of building blocks through an auxiliary wall building block II, and adopting an auxiliary wall building block I at a corner part;
paving a small amount of cement mortar in a groove at the top of each batch of building blocks, paving the next batch of building blocks in a mode that convex ribs face downwards, extruding redundant mortar, overlapping staggered joints among the blocks, building short-edge open grouting keys of the left and right adjacent building blocks into two groups to form a square closed grouting key, mutually meshing the convex ribs and the grooves between the upper and lower adjacent blocks, and mutually communicating a cavity between the blocks and a grouting key I along the vertical direction;
filling energy storage capsules in the cavity without the vertical ribs;
step five, building blocks every 5-15 batches by using beam blocks, and arranging horizontal ribs in grooves of the beam blocks;
step six, adopting steel mould to support the openings of the doors and the windows, adopting beam building blocks to build a batch of building blocks on the openings, and arranging horizontal ribs in grooves of the beam building blocks;
step seven, grouting the cavity provided with the vertical ribs, the vertical grouting key I, the grouting key II and the groove provided with the horizontal ribs by adopting grouting materials when building to a beam block layer (including a door and a window opening upper beam block layer);
and step eight, repeating the steps until the designed elevation of the wall body is reached.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the convex ribs and the mutually matched grooves of the assembled ecological building blocks are beneficial to positioning the total building blocks in the wall building process, and the building blocks are connected by utilizing the mechanical interlocking force among the blocks, so that the construction process is simpler than that of the traditional building block wall, the construction speed is increased, the construction period is shortened, and economic losses such as rework and the like are reduced;
2. the horizontal groove, the reserved grouting key and the cavity which vertically penetrate through the beam building block are beneficial to arrangement of horizontal ribs and vertical ribs, and a formwork supporting procedure is omitted;
3. the tie bars arranged at intervals are grouted to form the hidden columns and the hidden beams in the wall body, so that the wall body is integrally tied, and the seismic resistance of the wall body is greatly improved;
4. the heat storage function of the raw soil wall body is higher than that of a brick wall and a concrete wall body, and the phase change energy storage capsules are filled in the un-grouted cavity, so that the heat storage and heat transfer performances of the wall body are further improved, the wall body has the functions of temperature adjustment and temperature control, the energy consumption of the building is further saved, the heating and heatstroke-relieving cost of residents is reduced, and the economic benefit is huge;
5. the vertically and horizontally penetrating cavities and grooves in the ecological energy storage wall body are also beneficial to the concealed laying of water, heating and electric pipelines;
6. the assembled ecological building block is made of barren soil, is disassembled and broken and then is used as fertile soil to plant crops, and waste can be changed into valuable; the raw soil material source is wide, the price is low, the raw soil base building blocks do not need to be sintered, the mass production and the natural maintenance can be realized, the production cost is lower than that of concrete building blocks and sintered bricks, and the construction cost can be reduced by adopting the building blocks to construct village and town houses;
7. according to local conditions, the self weight of the assembled ecological block wall body prepared by modifying local loess is smaller than that of a machine-made raw soil brick wall, the dependence of the blocks on cement mortar is reduced, the construction is more convenient than that of a rammed soil wall, the local traditional raw soil building is inherited, the building assembly and industrialization are facilitated, and the social benefit is huge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of the construction of the wall block of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of the construction of the wall block of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first schematic structural view of a first auxiliary wall block of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic structural view of the first auxiliary wall block of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic structural view of a second auxiliary wall block of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a first schematic structural view of the beam block of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a second schematic structural view of the beam block of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a first schematic structural view of the first auxiliary beam block of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary beam block I according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a first schematic structural view of a second auxiliary beam block of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a second schematic structural view of a second auxiliary beam block of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a first schematic structural view of a column block of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a second schematic structural view of the post block of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a first schematic structural view of a first auxiliary column block of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a second structural view of the first auxiliary column block of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an assembled ecological energy storage wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a column block stacking configuration of the present invention;
wherein: 100. the wall block comprises 101 parts of wall blocks, 102 parts of convex ribs, 102 parts of cavities, 103 parts of grouting keys I and 104 parts of grouting keys II and 105 parts of grooves, 200 parts of beam blocks, 300 parts of column blocks, 400 parts of horizontal ribs, 500 parts of vertical ribs, 600 parts of phase change capsules.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structures are not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only exemplary, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-16, the fabricated ecological block is prepared from raw soil, cement, fly ash, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, nano-silica and a high-performance water reducing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the raw soil, the cement, the fly ash and the water is (1-1.2), (0.08-0.15), (0.15-0.25) and (0.12-0.18), the mass of the nano-silica is 2% -3% of the total mass of the fly ash and the cement, the mass of the high-performance water reducing agent is 0.25% -0.35% of the total mass of the fly ash and the cement, and the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers is 0.8% -12% of the volume of the block.
The assembled ecological building blocks are all of a cuboid structure and are divided into a wall building block 100, a beam building block 200, a column building block 300 and auxiliary building blocks according to the structure, one large face of the wall building block 100 is provided with two symmetrical chambers 102 penetrating through the wall building block along the thickness direction, the chambers 102 are of a cylindrical structure, the tops of the chambers 102 are provided with convex ribs 101, the other large face of the wall building block 100 is provided with grooves 105 with the same size as the convex ribs 101, the grooves 105 penetrate through the wall building block 100 along the length direction of the wall building block 100, the middle part of the large face of the wall building block 100 is provided with a first vertical grouting key 103 penetrating through the wall building block along the thickness direction, two short sides of the wall building block 100 are respectively provided with a second vertical grouting key 104 penetrating through the wall building block along the thickness direction, the section of the first grouting key 103 along the length direction of the wall building block 100 is a closed square, the section of the second grouting key 104 is an open rectangle, the section of the second grouting key 104 is 1/2 of the section of the first grouting key 103, the convex rib 102 is a circular ring with a right trapezoid cross section, the groove 105 is of a trapezoid structure attached to the convex rib 101 in size, and the height, the top and the bottom of the convex rib 101 are respectively the depth of the cross section of the groove 105 and the length of the upper edge and the lower edge.
As shown in fig. 7-8, the beam segment 200 is different from the wall segment 100 in that the groove depth of the beam segment 200 is 1/3 times the thickness of the beam segment 200 for horizontal tendon grouting.
As shown in fig. 13 to 14, the difference between the column block 300 and the wall block 100 is that two short sides of the column block 300 are not provided with a second vertical grouting key penetrating through the column block in the thickness direction, and two ends of the groove of the column block 300 are closed.
As shown in fig. 3-6, 9-12, 15-16, the auxiliary blocks include an auxiliary wall block one, an auxiliary wall block two, an auxiliary beam block one, an auxiliary beam block two and an auxiliary column block one, the auxiliary wall block one and the auxiliary beam block one only reserve a short-edge grouting key two 104 for the wall block 100 and the beam block 200, and reserve a block without a grouting key two 104 on the other short edge for building at a corner part; and the auxiliary wall building block II, the auxiliary beam building block II and the auxiliary column building block I are respectively building blocks which are divided by the wall building block 100, the beam building block 200 and the column building block 300 along the central line of the long edge and are used for vertically aligning the wall body.
As shown in fig. 17, for a specific embodiment of the assembled ecological energy storage wall, the assembled ecological building blocks realize vertical embedded connection through the tenon-and-mortise work of "convex and concave", form shear keys through grouting in the short-edge grouting key ii 104 to realize horizontal embedded connection, form staggered joints by building groups, arrange horizontal ribs 400 in the horizontal grooves along the wall, arrange vertical ribs 500 in the cavity, and perform grouting treatment to enhance the integrity of the wall, and fill the encapsulated phase change capsules 600 in the cavity without rib pulling and grouting to improve the heat storage and transfer performance of the wall.
As shown in fig. 18, a plurality of column blocks 300 are assembled into a reinforcing column by staggered joints, and then reinforced by vertical ribs 500 and grout.
The invention utilizes the self-embedded resistance wall of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the assembled ecological building block to resist the internal and external loads of the plane, combines the specially designed beam building block 200, is assisted by vertical and horizontal direction grouting and is provided with the horizontal rib 400 and the vertical rib 500, effectively improves the integrity of the wall body, has excellent anti-seismic performance, solves the problems of poor anti-seismic performance and easy collapse due to strong earthquake of a brick-concrete structure, realizes connection in a mortise and tenon mode among the building blocks, has low requirement on the technical level of workers, high construction efficiency and short construction period, can effectively ensure the construction quality of village and town buildings, realizes the industrialization of village and town houses, and solves the problems of lagged application of new technology of the village and town buildings, good and uneven building quality and the like.
The phase change capsule 600 has the same structure as the cavity 102 and is of a cylindrical structure, the shell of the phase change capsule 600 is made of high-density polyethylene, the phase change temperature of the internal phase change material is 20-30 ℃, and the phase change enthalpy value is not less than 200kJ/kg, so that the heat storage and transfer performance of a wall body can be improved, the energy consumption of building operation is reduced, and the ecological value is huge.
The assembled ecological building block is formed by static compression, the forming pressure is 20MPa to 30MPa, the compressive strength is not lower than 15MPa, the flexural strength is not lower than 1.5MPa, the demoulding is carried out after one-time compression, the building block is used for building a wall after being maintained for 28 days under the conditions that the temperature is 20 +/-5 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80 +/-5 percent, the fabricated ecological block made of the modified raw soil material improves the defects of poor raw soil strength, poor water resistance and the like, meanwhile, the environment-friendly characteristic of raw soil materials is reserved, the raw soil materials can be recycled, waste materials can be changed into valuable materials, the raw soil materials are disassembled and smashed to be used as fertile soil for planting crops, the problems that a brick-concrete structure is large in energy consumption, large in pollution and the like are solved, the modified raw soil materials which are fused with the natural environment are adopted as raw materials, the building expressive force of the traditional folk houses is reserved, raw soil buildings are inherited and developed, excellent national culture is inherited and carried forward, and the problems that the buildings in villages and small towns lack vitality, the traditional building landscape is gradually lost and the like are solved.
As a preferable scheme of the assembled ecological energy storage wall, the grouting material is self-compacting grouting material, the fluidity is not less than 260mm, the vertical expansion rate in 3 hours is not more than 3%, and the compression strength and the rupture strength are not lower than those of the assembled ecological building blocks.
As a preferred scheme of the assembled ecological energy storage wall body, the horizontal ribs 400 and the vertical ribs 500 adopt II-grade or above steel bars with the nominal diameter not less than 8 mm.
The construction method of the assembled ecological energy storage wall body comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging vertical ribs 500 on the top surface of a ground beam at a distance of 5-20 times of a cavity, arranging the vertical ribs 500 at the junctions of corners and longitudinal and transverse walls without being limited by arrangement distances, wherein the length of a first layer of the ribs is 1/3 wall elevation, and extending the length of the vertical ribs 500 to the wall elevation in two batches through mechanical connection when the wall is built to the end of the first layer of the ribs;
secondly, paving a cement mortar thin layer at the bottom of the first batch of building blocks, wherein the thickness of the thin layer is larger than the height of the convex rib 101, enabling the cavity 102 of the wall building block 100 to penetrate through the reserved vertical rib 500, paving the wall building block in a mode that the convex rib 101 faces downwards greatly, aligning each batch of building blocks vertically through an auxiliary wall building block II, and adopting an auxiliary wall building block I at a corner part;
paving a small amount of cement mortar in the grooves 105 at the tops of all batches of building blocks, paving the next batch of building blocks in a mode that the convex ribs 101 face downwards greatly, extruding redundant mortar, overlapping staggered joints among all batches of building blocks, building a second 104 group of short-edge opening grouting keys of the left and right adjacent building blocks to form a square closed grouting key, mutually biting the convex ribs 101 and the grooves 105 between the upper and lower adjacent two batches of building blocks, and mutually communicating a cavity 102 and a first grouting key 103 between all batches of building blocks along the vertical direction;
step four, filling energy storage capsules in the cavity 102 without the vertical ribs 500;
step five, building blocks every 5-15 batches by using the beam building blocks 200, and arranging horizontal ribs 400 in grooves of the beam building blocks 200;
step six, adopting steel mould supports at the openings of the doors and the windows, adopting beam building blocks 200 to build a batch of building blocks on the openings, and arranging horizontal ribs 400 in grooves of the beam building blocks 200;
step seven, when building the beam building blocks to 200 layers (including the upper beam building block layer of the door and window opening), grouting the cavity 102 provided with the vertical ribs 500, the vertical grouting key I103, the grouting key II 104 and the groove 105 provided with the horizontal ribs 400 by using grouting materials;
and step eight, repeating the steps until the designed elevation of the wall body is reached.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The assembled ecological building block is characterized by being prepared from raw soil, cement, fly ash, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, nano silicon dioxide and a high-performance water reducing agent, and comprises a wall building block, a beam building block, a column building block and an auxiliary building block which are of cuboid structures.
2. The assembled ecological block as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the raw soil, the cement, the fly ash and the water is (1-1.2): (0.08-0.15): (0.15-0.25): 0.12-0.18), the mass of the nano silica is 2-3% of the total mass of the fly ash and the cement, the mass of the high-performance water reducing agent is 0.25-0.35% of the total mass of the fly ash and the cement, and the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 0.8-12% of the volume of the block.
3. The assembled ecological block according to claim 1, wherein one large face of the wall block is provided with two symmetrical chambers penetrating through the wall block along the thickness direction, the top of each chamber is provided with a convex rib, the other large face of the wall block is provided with a groove mutually wedged with the convex rib, the groove penetrates through the wall block along the length direction of the wall block, the middle of the large face of the wall block is provided with a first vertical grouting key penetrating through the wall block along the thickness direction, two short sides of the wall block are respectively provided with a second vertical grouting key penetrating through the wall block along the thickness direction, the cross section of the first grouting key along the length direction of the wall block is a closed square, and the cross section of the second grouting key is an open rectangle.
4. The fabricated ecological block as claimed in claim 3, wherein the protruding ribs are right trapezoid cross-section circular rings, and the grooves are trapezoid structures mutually engaged with the protruding ribs.
5. The fabricated ecological block according to claim 3, wherein the beam block is different from the wall block in that the groove depth of the beam block is 1/3 times the thickness of the beam block, the column block is different from the wall block in that two short sides of the column block are not provided with a second vertical grouting key penetrating along the thickness direction, two ends of the groove of the column block are closed structures, the auxiliary block comprises a first auxiliary wall block, a second auxiliary wall block, a first auxiliary beam block, a second auxiliary beam block and a first auxiliary column block, the first auxiliary wall block and the first auxiliary beam block respectively reserve only one second short side grouting key for the wall block and the beam block, and the other short side grouting key is not provided with a second grouting key for the wall corner part; and the auxiliary wall building block II, the auxiliary beam building block II and the auxiliary column building block I are respectively wall building blocks, beam building blocks and column building blocks which are divided along the central line of the long edge and are used for vertically aligning the wall body.
6. The assembled ecological energy storage wall assembled by the assembled ecological building blocks as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the assembled ecological building blocks are vertically embedded and connected through tenon-and-mortise joints which are convex and concave, horizontally embedded and connected through shear keys formed by grouting in the short-edge grouting key II, staggered joints are built to form the wall, horizontal ribs are arranged along a horizontal groove in the wall, vertical ribs are arranged in the cavity, grouting treatment is carried out in the cavity, the grouting key I and the grouting key II, the integrity of the wall is enhanced, and encapsulated phase change capsules are filled in the cavity without the ribs and grouting, so that the heat storage and transfer performance of the wall is improved.
7. The assembled ecological energy storage wall body according to claim 6, wherein the phase change capsule has the same structure as the chamber, the outer shell of the phase change capsule is made of high density polyethylene, the phase change temperature of the internal phase change material is 20-30 ℃, and the enthalpy value of phase change is not less than 200 kJ/kg.
8. The fabricated ecological energy storage wall body as claimed in claim 6, wherein the fabricated ecological block is formed by static compression, the forming pressure is 20 MPa-30 MPa, the block is demoulded after one-time compression, and the fabricated ecological block is used for building the wall body after being maintained for 28 days under the conditions of the temperature of 20 ℃ plus or minus 5 ℃ and the humidity of 80% plus or minus 5%.
9. The assembled ecological energy storage wall body of claim 6, wherein the grouting material is a self-compacting grouting material, the fluidity is not less than 260mm, the vertical expansion rate in 3 hours is not more than 3%, and the compression strength and the breaking strength are not lower than those of the assembled ecological building blocks.
10. The construction method of the assembled ecological energy storage wall body as claimed in claim 6, comprising:
firstly, arranging vertical ribs on the top surface of a ground beam according to the space between cavities with the distance of 5-20 times, arranging the vertical ribs at the junctions of corners and longitudinal and transverse walls without the limitation of arrangement space, wherein the length of a first layer of steel bars is 1/3 wall elevation, and extending the lengths of the vertical ribs to the wall elevation in two batches through mechanical connection when the wall is built to the ends of the steel bars;
secondly, paving a cement mortar thin layer at the bottom of the first batch of building blocks, wherein the thickness of the thin layer is larger than the height of the convex ribs of the building blocks, enabling the cavity of the wall building blocks to penetrate through the reserved vertical ribs, paving the wall building blocks in a mode that the convex ribs face downwards, vertically aligning each batch of building blocks through the auxiliary wall building blocks II, and adopting the auxiliary wall building blocks I at the corner parts;
paving a small amount of cement mortar in the grooves at the tops of the blocks, paving the next block according to the mode that the convex ribs face downwards greatly, extruding redundant mortar, overlapping staggered joints among the blocks, building the short-edge open grouting keys of the left and right adjacent blocks into two groups to form square closed grouting keys, mutually biting the convex ribs and the grooves between the two adjacent blocks, and mutually communicating the cavity and the grouting key I between the blocks along the vertical direction;
filling energy storage capsules in the cavity without the vertical ribs;
step five, building blocks every 5-15 batches by using beam blocks, and arranging horizontal ribs in grooves of the beam blocks;
step six, adopting steel mould to support the openings of the doors and the windows, adopting beam building blocks to build a batch of building blocks on the openings, and arranging horizontal ribs in grooves of the beam building blocks;
step seven, grouting the cavity provided with the vertical ribs, the vertical grouting key I, the grouting key II and the groove provided with the horizontal ribs by using grouting materials every time when the beam building block layer is built;
and step eight, repeating the steps until the designed elevation of the wall body is reached.
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