CN114923454A - Method for recovering and measuring central line of top of old coke oven - Google Patents

Method for recovering and measuring central line of top of old coke oven Download PDF

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CN114923454A
CN114923454A CN202210186639.8A CN202210186639A CN114923454A CN 114923454 A CN114923454 A CN 114923454A CN 202210186639 A CN202210186639 A CN 202210186639A CN 114923454 A CN114923454 A CN 114923454A
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coke oven
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CN114923454B (en
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杜日中
陈奇
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MCC Tiangong Group Corp Ltd
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/22Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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Abstract

A method for measuring the recovery of the central line of the top of an old coke oven comprises the following steps: selecting a measuring point; measuring an assumed coordinate value of the measurement point; and calculating the correction value corresponding to the measuring point. The method for recovering and measuring the central line of the top of the old coke oven has the following beneficial effects: the coke oven with long-term production and operation has the advantages that construction control points generally do not exist due to poor storage, and when the central line of the coke oven with the recovered oven top cannot be directly measured by using an instrument, the method can be used for reasonably and accurately measuring the central line of the coke oven with the recovered oven top.

Description

Method for measuring center line recovery of top of old coke oven
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a method for recovering and measuring a central line of the top of an old coke oven.
Background
After the coke oven is built, metal marking plates are usually embedded at the tops of the resisting walls (the middle platform resisting wall and the end platform resisting wall) at the two ends of each coke oven, and the center line of the coke oven is marked by steel blunderers, so that the coke oven is used for overhauling a coke oven body, a coke pusher, a coke quenching car, a coal charging car and the tracks of the coke oven body, the coke pusher, the coke quenching car and the coal charging car during the production and operation of the coke oven.
The coking production process usually has high requirements on the relative dimensional accuracy between each cart and the coke oven body, so that the plane accuracy of the coke oven center line per se is also required to be high. In a short period of time, the dots marked on each target plate are not lost, and the dot position accuracy is not lost. Conversely, when the coke oven has been operated for a certain period of time, two situations usually occur at each point on the target plate and lose its function: 1. the coke oven and the resistance wall lose the use function due to large point position precision loss caused by self deformation; 2. the whole metal target is damaged due to the incomplete daily maintenance, or the surface of the target is totally a pit due to the corrosion and the impact of the surface of the target, so that which pit is not known to be the central line point of the coke oven can be distinguished.
As shown in fig. 1, two coke ovens are usually embedded with 4 center line points, which are: j11, J12, J21 and J22. When at least 2 points in the 4 points are correct, the other points can be recovered by adopting a simple and effective measuring method such as a straight line penetrating method, a steel wire tensioning method and the like, or the central line points of each coke oven on the top of the oven can be directly measured by using a total station on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the construction control points which are reserved at the moment. However, when 4 points can not be determined to be wrong or have partial points missing, and the measurement control points of the coke oven constructed at the time are totally lost due to poor storage for a long time (for the coke oven with long production and operation, the situation is already normal), the coke oven central line can not be recovered by the direct method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for recovering and measuring the central line of the top of an old coke oven, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a measuring point;
measuring the assumed coordinate value of the measuring point;
and calculating the correction value corresponding to the measuring point.
Preferably, the selecting of the measurement point comprises the steps of:
4 points to be measured are selected on 4 existing metal target plates on the top of the coke oven at will;
selecting two points on the central line of the coke pusher track near the car stops at two ends;
two points are selected on the ground on the same side of the coke pusher track.
Preferably, said measuring assumed coordinate values of said measurement points comprises the steps of:
placing the total station on a selected platform resistance wall mark point;
assuming the coordinate of the target point is (0, 0);
rearview any fixed target;
assuming the fixed target to be in a north direction of an assumed coordinate system;
and sequentially measuring the assumed coordinate values of the selected points in the measuring points.
Preferably, the calculating the correction value corresponding to the measurement point comprises the steps of:
obtaining the coordinate values of the assumed coordinate systems of two points on the coke pusher track in the measuring points;
obtaining the coordinate azimuth angle of the straight line where the two points are located in the assumed coordinate system;
calculating the included angle of the coordinate axes of the two coordinate systems of the assumed coordinate system and the coordinate system during the construction of the coke oven;
obtaining the converted coordinate value of the measuring point according to the included angle;
calculating the difference value between the coordinate value of the reticle point in the measuring point and the coordinate value of the straight line where the two points are located;
and obtaining the correction value through the difference value and the design value of the central line of the track where the two sheets are located.
The method for recovering and measuring the central line of the top of the old coke oven has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the coke oven with long-term operation is produced, the construction control point generally does not exist due to poor storage, and when the central line of the coke oven with the recovered oven top cannot be directly measured by using an instrument, the method can be used for reasonably and accurately measuring the central line of the coke oven with the recovered oven top;
(2) the temperature of the top of the coke oven in production and operation is very high, and the measuring instrument cannot operate in the area of the top of the coke oven due to heat wave vibration (the angle measurement and distance measurement precision are greatly influenced), and the method adopts an indirect measurement wire method, so that a heat vibration area can be successfully avoided, and the operation is completed;
(3) selecting a central line point at a chock of a coke pusher track, wherein the steel rail in the section is not pushed, so that the position of the steel rail is relatively stable, the deformation is small, the initial position of the integral central line of the coke pusher can be effectively represented, and the initial position is taken as a constraint condition for recovering the central line of the furnace roof, and the constraint condition is reasonable and reliable;
(4) in the measuring process, a wire method is adopted for measurement, and angle measurement and edge measurement are performed by a measuring method, so that the precision is reliable and the accuracy is high;
(5) the method can also be used for detecting whether four points of the new coke oven top and the old coke oven top are collinear, and the like, so that the method has good expansibility.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a method for measuring the recovery of the central line of the top of an old coke oven provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the present invention provides a method for measuring the recovery of the centerline of the top of an old coke oven, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a coke oven construction coordinate system;
selecting a target point on the top of an old coke oven;
measuring a first coordinate of the target point in the coke oven construction coordinate system;
establishing a supposed coordinate system;
calculating a second coordinate of the target point in the assumed coordinate system;
calculating a direction included angle between the coke oven construction coordinate system and the assumed coordinate system according to the first coordinate and the second coordinate;
calculating the correction number of the target points according to the direction included angle;
and carrying out point position correction on the target points according to the correction number.
In the embodiment of the present application, the acquiring a coke oven construction coordinate system includes:
taking construction data of the coke oven;
and calculating the coke oven construction coordinate system according to the coke oven construction data.
In the embodiment of the application, the coke oven construction coordinate system can be directly obtained through coke oven construction data.
In the embodiment of the application, the step of selecting the target point on the roof of the old coke oven comprises the following steps:
selecting a ground lead point;
selecting a target point on the central line of the track of the coke pusher;
and (4) selecting a target point on the target plate on the furnace top.
In the embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 1, before measurement, two points K1 and K2 (the two points must be viewed through and are viewed through with a furnace top initial measurement station and a point J12) are selected on the side ground of the coke oven, then points G1 and G2 are respectively selected on the central line of the steel rail at the positions, close to the car stop, of two ends of an inner (outer or inner and outer) rail of the coke pusher, and points to be measured are defined on a marking plate of the central line of the coke oven at the furnace top by using mark pen marks to indicate good marks.
In an embodiment of the present application, the measuring the first coordinate of the target point in the coke oven construction coordinate system includes the steps of:
preparing a total station;
measuring a first coordinate of the target point in the coke oven construction coordinate system using the total station.
As shown in fig. 1, after all measuring points are selected, the total station is arranged at a marking point J12, the coordinates of the measuring points are set to be J12(0,0), and then the total station aims at any fixed target object nearby the furnace body, the orientation azimuth angle of the total station is set to be 0 degrees, and station setting is completed. After the station is set, in order to improve the point location accuracy, all the measured point coordinates are not suitable to be directly measured by a total station coordinate measuring method, but a wire measuring method is adopted to respectively and sequentially measure the rotation angle and the side length of each wire, and then the coordinates of each point are calculated through side and angle observation values. After the coordinates of each point are obtained, firstly, the coordinate azimuth angle alpha of the connecting line of the coke pushing track points G1 and G2, namely the azimuth angle of the central line of the inner (outer) track of the coke pusher in the assumed coordinate system, is obtained through a coordinate inverse algorithm.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the north direction included angle between the coke oven construction coordinate system and the initial assumed coordinate system is: 90-alpha. And after the two coordinate conversion angles are obtained, conversion calculation is carried out according to a plane coordinate system rotation formula, and the assumed coordinate system coordinates of all the measuring points are converted into the coke oven construction coordinate system coordinates. And then, subtracting the X coordinate value (transverse coordinate) of each point on the target plate from the transverse coordinate of the central line of the inner rail of the coke pusher (when the transverse coordinate difference of measuring points G1 and G2 at two ends of the inner rail is | < XG1-XG2| < 5mm, taking the average value (XG1+ XG2)/2 as the transverse coordinate value of the rail), and subtracting the obtained difference value delta i from the design value from the central line of the coke oven to the inner rail of the coke pusher to obtain the deviation value delta i of each point. After the deviation value is obtained, the points can be corrected and marked finally on the target plate, so that the recovery of the central line of the coke oven is completed. See attached Table 1 for the above calculation procedure (example calculation).
Figure BDA0003522992410000051
Figure BDA0003522992410000061
In the above principle, the purpose of selecting two measuring points at two ends of the inner rail (when actually selecting a point, the outer rail also selects two corresponding points at the same time) of the coke pusher is:
1. when the coke oven central line and the coke pusher track are initially constructed, the requirements on distance precision and parallelism between the coke oven central line and the coke pusher track are high, so that the coke oven central line and the coke pusher track are mutually dependent and constrained;
2. in the long-term production process, the steel rail positioned in the coke pushing area bears the reverse thrust of the coke pushing trolley, so that deformation of different degrees can occur, and only the steel rail positioned at the car stop deforms very little because of not receiving the thrust, so that a measuring point is selected on the central line of the steel rail at the position to represent the initial position of the whole steel rail effectively. Practical cases prove that such point selection is feasible.
The present application is described in detail below with specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a hypothetical coordinate system is first established: the origin of coordinates is taken at any point on the furnace top target (to ensure the uniformity of the measurement accuracy, a point on the resisting wall of the platform is preferred, such as J12); the pseudo-north direction of the coordinate system can be taken from any direction which does not pass through a furnace top and has a thermal jitter area;
through total station wire measurement, plane assumed coordinates of ground wire points (such as K1 and K2 in the figure 1), selected points (G1 and G2) on the center line of the inner (outer) track of the coke pusher and selected points (J11, J12, J21 and J22) on all furnace roof marking plates are obtained;
calculating the azimuth angle of the coordinates of the track central line measuring points (G1 and G2) of the coke pusher reversely so as to obtain the north included angle between the assumed coordinate system and the coke oven construction coordinate system, and performing conversion calculation of the two coordinate systems;
as shown in the example calculation in table 1, after the coordinates of each point are converted, the actual measurement value of the distance from the point on the top target plate to the center line of the coke pushing track is calculated point by the horizontal coordinate difference, and the difference between the actual measurement value and the design value from the center line of the coke oven to the center line of the coke pushing track is calculated, and the difference is the correction number δ i of each point on the top target plate.
And carrying out point position correction on each point of the target plate according to the corresponding correction number delta i.
After correction, the target points should be retested to verify their correctness.
A first part: and (4) performing site survey and point selection (the visibility among all wire points is good, and the observation is convenient).
Before each wire observation point is selected, a bottom touch investigation is firstly carried out on the center line target plate point of the existing coke oven on the top resistance wall. Observing the existing conditions at each point: whether the target is lost or secured; whether the center line mark on the target is lost or suspicious; and then, using a marking pen to circle the points marked clearly (the circled points do not need to consider whether the points are the central line points of the original coke oven or not) on the marking plate, losing the marked marking plate, temporarily drawing a small point on the marking plate, circling the points, and finally, making permanent marks after the points are corrected. Then, points K1 and K2 are selected in ground survey, and point selection mainly considers the communication condition between the points and the uniformity of the side length of the lead. When the number of obstacles on the field is large and the visibility is difficult, the number of the conducting wire points can be increased by a small amount.
When one of the two ends of the track is selected, firstly, the stability and integrity of the steel rails at the two ends close to the car stop are observed, and whether the possibility of over-displacement exists is preliminarily judged. During actual measurement, a group of measuring points are respectively taken at two ends of the inner steel rail and the outer steel rail, the measuring points are necessarily located on the central line of the steel rail, marks are made by punching steel punches, and the marking pens are encircled. After the two groups of measuring points of the inner rail and the outer rail are measured and subjected to coordinate conversion, the value difference | X of the abscissa is reserved 01 -X 02 The smaller one can be used, so that the selected measuring points have more representativeness and reliability.
A second part: field wire measurement operation
After each measuring point is selected, the total station is arranged on one of the two resisting walls, such as point J12 in figure 1, the coordinates of the measuring point are assumed to be (0,0), after leveling and centering, the sighting part is rotated to aim at any fixed point on the coke oven side (at the moment, the sight line is kept away from the hot air flow shaking area on the oven top), the orientation azimuth angle is set to be 0 degree, and after the confirming key is pressed, the station arrangement is completed.
After the station is set, the points J22, K2 and K1 are observed at the corners according to the method of wire measurement in sequence, and the observed values of the edges and the corners are recorded in a sketch as shown in figure 1. Then, according to the observation sequence and the observation route shown in fig. 1, the total station is erected at K1(K2) rearview K2(K1) respectively to complete the side and angle measurements of G1 and G2 points. And finally completing the edge and angle measurement of two points J11 and J21. In the measuring process, angle measurement and edge measurement are carried out according to two measured returns, and the measured return limit difference is as follows: the angle is less than or equal to 2'; the side length is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
And a third part: working solution
And (4) resolving a lead.
And (5) checking field observation records, and taking the measured average value as the final result of the observation value when the precision of the observation value measuring station is qualified. Then, the plane coordinates (X ', Y') of all the measured points are calculated point by point according to the wire calculation method and are listed in table 1.
And (4) performing inverse calculation on coordinates of two measuring points of the track of the coke pusher.
And according to the plane coordinate values of G1 and G2, calculating the coordinate azimuth angle of the straight line in the assumed system, namely the angle alpha in the diagram 1, according to a coordinate inverse calculation formula. And then the conversion angle between the assumed coordinate system and the coke oven construction coordinate system, namely 90-alpha is obtained.
And initially assuming conversion calculation between a coordinate system and a coke oven construction coordinate system.
As shown in FIG. 1, the construction coordinate system of the coke oven and the origin of coordinates of the initial assumed coordinate system are common, i.e. the point J12(0,0), the included angle between the two coordinate systems in the north direction is 90 ° - α, and the coordinates of each point in the construction coordinate system can be obtained according to the plane coordinate transformation calculation formula, such as X, Y in Table 1.
The fourth part: and (5) analyzing and concluding data.
Determining the abscissa value of the central line of the coke pusher track:
as shown in FIG. 1, no matter the measuring points G1 and G2 are located on the central line of the inner rail or the outer rail, when the difference between the transverse coordinate values of the two points (XG1-XG2) is small, and usually (XG1-XG2) is no more than 5mm, the connecting line of the two points G1 and G2 is considered to be parallel to the central line of the coke oven and can represent the central line of the whole rail. Therefore, the transverse coordinate of the track center line can be an average value of the transverse coordinate values of the two points. I.e., (XG1+ XG 2)/2.
Calculating Δ i and Δ i
Delta i-the difference between the transverse coordinate (Xi) of each point on the furnace roof target and the transverse coordinate [ (XG1+ XG2)/2] of the central line of the inner (outer) rail of the coke pusher. As shown in the example calculation in table 1, Δ i ═ [ (XG1+ XG2)/2] -Xi.
Delta i-the deviation value of each unknown point defined on the roof gage plate and the center line of the coke oven. I.e. the correction number.
The calculation results in table 1 show that the distance value from each point on the top panel to the center line of the inner rail of the coke pusher does not accord with the designed distance between the center line of the coke oven and the center line of the inner rail of the coke pusher, and the non-conformity value is the value delta i of each measuring point defined on the top panel which needs to be actually corrected. The correction direction of "+" is north, otherwise it is south.
A fifth part: and correcting the position of the upper ring fixed point of the furnace top embedded target plate.
Since it is unknown whether the points on the reticle delineated by the marker pen are located on the center line of the coke oven, the correction numbers of the points can be obtained and corrected to the center line of the coke oven one by one on the reticle according to the corresponding correction numbers.
After the correction is finished, in order to verify the correctness of the correction, the ground lead points are used for retesting each point, and the retesting can be directly measured and verified by adopting a total station coordinate measuring method.
The method aims to recover the central line of the coke oven, so that the method only relates to the acquisition and calculation of the transverse coordinates of the central line point, and the recovery of the longitudinal coordinates can be obtained by adopting a normalization method and the joint measurement of the central line of the carbonization chamber at the oven end, and is not described herein again.
The method for recovering and measuring the central line of the top of the old coke oven has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the coke oven with long-term operation is produced, the construction control point generally does not exist due to poor storage, and when the central line of the coke oven with the recovered oven top cannot be directly measured by using an instrument, the method can be used for reasonably and accurately measuring the central line of the coke oven with the recovered oven top;
(2) the temperature of the top of the coke oven in production and operation is very high, and the measuring instrument cannot operate in the area of the top of the coke oven due to heat wave vibration (the angle measurement and distance measurement precision are greatly influenced), and the method adopts an indirect measurement wire method, so that a heat vibration area can be successfully avoided, and the operation is completed;
(3) selecting a central line point at a chock of a coke pusher track, wherein the steel rail in the section is not pushed, so that the position of the steel rail is relatively stable, the deformation is small, the initial position of the integral central line of the coke pusher can be effectively represented, and the initial position is taken as a constraint condition for recovering the central line of the furnace roof, and the constraint condition is reasonable and reliable;
(4) in the measuring process, a wire method is adopted for measurement, and angle measurement and edge measurement are performed by a measuring method, so that the precision is reliable and the accuracy is high;
(5) the method can also be used for detecting whether four points of the new coke oven top and the old coke oven top are collinear, and the like, so that the method has good expansibility.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.

Claims (4)

1. A method for recovering and measuring the central line of the top of an old coke oven is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a measuring point;
measuring an assumed coordinate value of the measurement point;
and calculating the correction value corresponding to the measuring point.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected measurement point comprises the steps of:
randomly selecting 4 points to be measured on 4 existing metal standard plates on the top of the coke oven;
selecting two points on the central line of the coke pusher track near the car stops at two ends;
two points are selected on the ground on the same side of the coke pusher track.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of measuring the assumed coordinate values of the measurement points comprises the steps of:
placing the total station on a selected platform resistance wall mark point;
assuming the coordinate of the target point is (0, 0);
rearview any fixed target;
assuming the fixed target to be in a north direction of an assumed coordinate system;
and sequentially measuring the assumed coordinate values of the selected points in the measuring points.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the corrections corresponding to the measurement points comprises the steps of:
acquiring coordinate values of an assumed coordinate system of two points on a track of the coke pusher in the measuring points;
obtaining the coordinate azimuth angle of the straight line where the two points are located in the assumed coordinate system;
calculating the included angle between the coordinate systems of the assumed coordinate system and the coordinate system during the construction of the coke oven;
obtaining a converted coordinate value of the measuring point according to the included angle;
calculating the difference value between the coordinate value of the template point in the measuring point and the coordinate value of the straight line where the two points are located;
and obtaining the correction value through the difference value and the design value of the central line of the track where the two sheets are located.
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