CN114919390A

CN114919390A - Electric drive system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN114919390A
Application number: CN202210646179.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡雪; 袁帅; 周航; 李松松; 陈德鑫
Original assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Current assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-08
Filing date: 2022-06-08
Publication date: 2022-08-19

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric drive system and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicles. The electric drive system comprises two motors, a first gearbox and a second gearbox, wherein the first gearbox comprises an output shaft assembly, two input shaft assemblies connected in parallel and two clutch components; the second gearbox is connected to the output shaft assembly, and the transmission ratio of the second gearbox is larger than 1. The electric drive system and the vehicle can realize uninterrupted power output, improve reliability, have simple structure, high efficiency and large torque output range, and can be matched with various vehicle types.

Description

Electric drive system and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an electric drive system and a vehicle.

Background

In the field of new energy commercial vehicles, an electric drive transmission system has high requirements as an important part for realizing power transmission of the vehicle. In the prior art, an electric drive transmission system of a new energy commercial vehicle is a motor-driven speed change system, and the following three schemes are commonly used: firstly, single motor collocation conventional AMT derailleur, the shortcoming is that the single big torque motor who adopts is bulky, takes place power interruption easily, and in case the motor became invalid, whole actuating system will be unable work. And secondly, the multi-motor arrangement improves the reliability and has the defects of complex structure and high assembly difficulty. For example, CN113007291A discloses an electrically driven heavy truck multi-gear transmission system and a control method thereof, wherein three motors are arranged, although seven working modes can be realized, the number of pairs of gears arranged on the same shaft is too many, the structure is complex, and faults are easy to occur. Thirdly, the speed reduction is carried out by matching a single motor with a single main box, and the technical problems that the system efficiency is low, the torque output range is limited, and various vehicle types are difficult to match exist. For example, CN106240357A discloses a two-gear speed change system and a vehicle equipped with the same, wherein the two-gear speed change system comprises an input gear, an output gear, a first gear composed of a third gear and a second gear, and a second gear composed of a fourth gear and a first gear, and a single main box is adopted for speed reduction.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an electric drive system and a vehicle, which can realize uninterrupted power output, improve reliability, have simple structure, high efficiency and large torque output range and can be matched with various vehicle types.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in one aspect, an electric drive system is provided, comprising:

two motors;

the first gearbox comprises an output shaft assembly, two input shaft assemblies connected in parallel and two clutch components, the two motors are respectively connected with the two input shaft assemblies in a driving mode, the two input shaft assemblies can respectively transmit power of the motors to the output shaft assemblies, and each clutch component is used for gear switching between the corresponding input shaft assembly and the corresponding output shaft assembly;

and the second gearbox is connected to the output shaft assembly, and the transmission ratio of the second gearbox is greater than 1.

Optionally, the clutch assembly includes a first clutch, the input shaft assembly includes a driving shaft, a first driving gear and a second driving gear that are freely sleeved on the driving shaft, the first clutch is sleeved on the driving shaft, and the first clutch can be switched to be combined with the first driving gear, combined with the second driving gear or neutral;

the output shaft assembly comprises a driven shaft, a first driven gear connected to the driven shaft and meshed with the first driving gear, and a second driven gear connected to the driven shaft and meshed with the second driving gear;

the motor is in driving connection with the driving shaft, and the driven shaft is connected to the second gearbox.

Optionally, the clutch assembly further includes a second clutch, the input shaft assembly further includes a third driving gear sleeved on the driving shaft in an empty manner, the second clutch is sleeved on the driving shaft, the output shaft assembly further includes a third driven gear connected to the driven shaft and meshed with the third driving gear, and the second clutch can be switched to be combined with the third driving gear or to be in an empty state.

Optionally, the first driving gear, the first clutch, the second driving gear, the second clutch and the third driving gear are sequentially disposed on the driving shaft.

Optionally, the transmission ratio of the first driving gear and the first driven gear, the transmission ratio of the second driving gear and the second driven gear, and the transmission ratio of the third driving gear and the third driven gear decrease or increase sequentially.

Optionally, the two motors are located on one side of the first gearbox and the second gearbox is located on the other side of the first gearbox.

Optionally, the second gearbox includes a sun gear, a ring gear, a planetary gear meshed with the sun gear and the ring gear respectively, and an output shaft connected to the planetary gear, and the sun gear is connected to the driven shaft.

Optionally, the planet gear is a double row gear.

Optionally, the driven shaft and the output shaft are arranged coaxially.

In another aspect, a vehicle is provided that includes the electric drive system described above.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the electric drive system and the vehicle, the two motors respectively drive the two input shaft assemblies which are connected in parallel, and a single-motor working mode and a double-motor working mode can be realized by controlling one motor or two motors to work. When different working modes are switched, one motor is always kept in a driving state, so that the phenomenon of no power interruption is caused, and the two motors are respectively used for providing power, so that the reliability is improved. The first gearbox and the second gearbox are connected in series, power transmitted by the motor is output from the second gearbox after being reduced by the first gearbox, the speed ratio is increased, the output torque is met, meanwhile, the efficiency of a transmission system is improved, and the working condition requirements of various vehicles can be met. The clutch assembly switches a plurality of gears and can be matched with various vehicle types. The first gearbox and the second gearbox are independently arranged, and the two clutch assemblies, the two input shaft assemblies and the output shaft assembly in the first gearbox are respectively independently arranged and mutually matched, so that the structure is simple.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric drive system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first transmission provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second transmission provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a motor;

2. a first gearbox; 21. an output shaft assembly; 211. a driven shaft; 212. a first driven gear; 213. a second driven gear; 214. a third driven gear; 22. an input shaft assembly; 221. a drive shaft; 222. a first drive gear; 223. a second driving gear; 224. a third driving gear; 23. a clutch assembly; 231. a first clutch; 232. a second clutch;

3. a second gearbox; 31. a sun gear; 32. a ring gear; 33. a planet wheel; 34. and an output shaft.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the recitation that the first and second features are not in direct contact, but are in contact via another feature between them. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The embodiment provides an electric drive system, as shown in fig. 1, which includes two electric machines 1, a first transmission 2 and a second transmission 3, wherein the first transmission 2 includes an output shaft assembly 21, two input shaft assemblies 22 connected in parallel, and two clutch assemblies 23, the two electric machines 1 are respectively connected to the two input shaft assemblies 22 in a driving manner, the two input shaft assemblies 22 can respectively transmit power of the electric machines 1 to the output shaft assembly 21, and each clutch assembly 23 is used for gear shifting between the input shaft assembly 22 and the output shaft assembly 21 corresponding to the clutch assembly 23; the second gearbox 3 is connected to the output shaft assembly 21, and the transmission ratio of the second gearbox 3 is larger than 1.

The two motors 1 respectively drive the two input shaft assemblies 22 which are connected in parallel, and a single-motor working mode and a double-motor working mode can be realized by controlling one motor 1 or two motors 1 to work. When different working modes are switched, one motor 1 is always kept in a driving state, so that the phenomenon of no power interruption is caused, and the two motors 1 are respectively used for providing power, so that the reliability is improved. The first gearbox 2 and the second gearbox 3 are connected in series, after the power transmitted by the motor 1 is reduced by the first gearbox 2, the power is output from the second gearbox 3, the speed ratio is increased, the torque output range is increased, the efficiency of a transmission system is improved, and the working condition requirements of various vehicles can be met. The clutch assembly 23 performs a plurality of gear shifts, and can be adapted to a plurality of vehicle types. The first gearbox 2 and the second gearbox 3 are independently arranged, and the two clutch assemblies 23, the two input shaft assemblies 22 and the output shaft assembly 21 in the first gearbox 2 are independently arranged and mutually matched with each other respectively, so that the structure is simple.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the clutch assembly 23 includes a first clutch 231, the input shaft assembly 22 includes a driving shaft 221, a first driving gear 222 and a second driving gear 223 that are freely sleeved on the driving shaft 221, the first clutch 231 is sleeved on the driving shaft 221, and the first clutch 231 can be switched to be combined with the first driving gear 222, combined with the second driving gear 223 or neutral; the output shaft assembly 21 comprises a driven shaft 211, a first driven gear 212 and a second driven gear 213, wherein the first driven gear 212 is connected with a first driving gear 222 in a meshing manner to form a first gear pair, and the second driven gear 213 is connected with a second driving gear 223 in a meshing manner to form a second gear pair; the motor 1 is in driving connection with the driving shaft 221, and the driven shaft 211 is connected with the second gearbox 3. Specifically, the first clutch 231 has three positions, the first position being a first gear, which is coupled to the first driving gear 222 and transmits motion through the first gear wheel pair; in the second position, second gear, the second gear is engaged with the second drive gear 223 and transmits motion through the second gear pair; in the third position, the first driving gear 222 and the second driving gear 223 are not engaged, i.e., neutral. The input shaft assembly 22 comprises a driving shaft 221 and driving gears, the driving gears of different gears, namely a first driving gear 222 and a second driving gear 223, and a first clutch 231 are all arranged on the same driving shaft 221, the output shaft assembly 21 comprises a driven shaft 211 and driven gears, the driven gears of different gears, namely a first driven gear 212 and a second driven gear 213, are arranged on the same driven shaft 211, the number of parts is small, and the structure is simple and easy to assemble.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the clutch assembly 23 further includes a second clutch 232, the input shaft assembly 22 further includes a third driving gear 224 sleeved on the driving shaft 221, the second clutch 232 is sleeved on the driving shaft 221, the output shaft assembly 21 further includes a third driven gear 214 connected to the driven shaft 211, the third driven gear 214 is engaged with the third driving gear 224 to form a third gear pair, and the second clutch 232 can be switched to be coupled with the third driving gear 224 or to be in a neutral gear. Similarly, the second clutch 232 has two positions, the first position is the third gear, and is combined with the third driving gear 224 to transmit the motion through the third gear pair; in the second position, the third driving gear 224 is not engaged, i.e., neutral. Similarly, the third driving gear 224 and the second clutch 232 are both provided on the driving shaft 221, and the third driven gear 214 is provided on the driven shaft 211, so that the structure can be simplified. Through setting up third gear pair and second clutch 232, increased the fender position, increased operating mode, further satisfied the operating mode demand of multiple motorcycle type. In other embodiments, the number of gear pairs and clutches may be adaptively increased according to requirements, and is not limited.

The present embodiment further provides an operating mode and a switching method of an electric drive system, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the operating mode of a single motor, the operating mode of a dual motor, and the switching process thereof are as follows:

for convenience of description, in fig. 1, the M1 motor is the first motor 1, the input shaft assembly 22 connected to the first motor 1 is the first input shaft assembly 22, the M2 motor is the second motor 1, and the input shaft assembly 22 connected to the second motor 1 is the second input shaft assembly 22.

Single-motor working mode:

in the present embodiment, the first electric machine 1 is taken as an example for illustration, and at this time, only the first electric machine 1 is operated, the second electric machine 1 is not operated, and both the first clutch 231 and the second clutch 232 of the second input shaft assembly 22 are engaged in neutral. The first clutch 231 of the first input shaft assembly 22 is engaged in the first gear, the second clutch 232 is engaged in the neutral gear, the first clutch 231 is coupled to the first driving gear 222 to the left, and the first electric machine 1 provides power, and the motion transmission sequence is as follows: the first motor 1, the driving shaft 221, the first clutch 231, the first driving gear 222, the first driven gear 212, the driven shaft 211 and the second transmission 3 output power to the outside through the output end of the second transmission 3. In other embodiments, the second motor 1 may be operated, and the first motor 1 may not be operated, which is not limited.

The double-motor working mode comprises the following steps:

at this time, the first electric machine 1 and the second electric machine 1 work together, and the example is given by taking the case where the first clutch 231 of the first input shaft assembly 22 is engaged in the first gear, the second clutch 232 is engaged in the neutral gear, the first clutch 231 of the second input shaft assembly 22 is engaged in the second gear, and the second clutch 232 is also engaged in the neutral gear.

First input shaft assembly 22: the first clutch 231 is coupled to the first driving gear 222 leftwards, and the power provided by the first motor 1 is sequentially transmitted to the first clutch 231, the first driving gear 222, the first driven gear 212 and the driven shaft 211 through the driving shaft 221; second input shaft assembly 22: the first clutch 231 is coupled to the second driving gear 223 rightward, and the power provided from the second electrode is sequentially transmitted to the first clutch 231, the second driving gear 223, the second driven gear 213, and the driven shaft 211 through the driving shaft 221; the power provided by the first motor 1 and the second motor 1 is coupled at the driven shaft 211 and jointly outputs torque, and the power is output after being decelerated by the second gearbox 3. When the double-motor working mode is adopted, compared with the single-motor working mode, the transmission efficiency is improved.

When the single-motor working mode is switched to the double-motor working mode, the first motor 1 keeps power output, the first clutch 231 keeps being combined with the first driving gear 222 leftwards, the power provided by the first motor 1 is transmitted to the first driving gear 222 through the driving shaft 221, the second motor 1 is started to regulate the speed, specifically, the speed is regulated according to the transmission ratio of the first gear pair and the second gear pair, so that the rotating speeds output by the first driving gear 222 of the first input shaft assembly 22 and the second driving gear 223 of the second input shaft assembly 22 are consistent, after the speed regulation is finished, the first clutch 231 of the second input shaft assembly 22 is combined with the second driving gear 223 rightwards, the power provided by the second motor 1 is transmitted to the second driving gear 223 through the driving shaft 221, and then is transmitted to the driven shaft 211 through the second driven gear 213 engaged with the second driving gear 223.

In other embodiments, the gears of the first input shaft assembly 22 and the second input shaft assembly 22 may be combined as desired. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the first driving gear 222, the first clutch 231, the second driving gear 223, the second clutch 232, and the third driving gear 224 are sequentially disposed on the driving shaft 221, and both the first clutch 231 and the second clutch 232 may adopt a clutch sleeve in the prior art, which is simple in structure and convenient to assemble. In this embodiment, the transmission ratio between the first driving gear 222 and the first driven gear 212, the transmission ratio between the second driving gear 223 and the second driven gear 213, and the transmission ratio between the third driving gear 224 and the third driven gear 214 are sequentially decreased or sequentially increased, so as to facilitate gear shifting; specifically, the gear ratios are sequentially stepped up, and in the dual-motor operating mode, typically two gears of the input shaft assembly 22 are adjacent, e.g., one operating in first gear and the other operating in first and second gears, to avoid operating in first gear and the other operating in third gear.

In this embodiment, the first driving gear 222 and the second driving gear 223 are connected to the driving shaft 221 through needle bearings, respectively.

Optionally, the two motors 1 are located on one side of the first gearbox 2, the second gearbox 3 is located on the other side of the first gearbox 2, and the two input shaft assemblies 22 are symmetrically arranged, so that the structure is simple.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the second transmission 3 includes a sun gear 31, a ring gear 32, planet gears 33 respectively engaged with the sun gear 31 and the ring gear 32, and an output shaft 34 connected to the planet gears 33, the sun gear 31 is connected to a driven shaft 211, referring to fig. 1-3, the sun gear 31 is connected to the driven shaft 211, the driven shaft 211 drives the sun gear 31 to rotate, the sun gear 31 drives the planet gears 33 and the ring gear 32 to rotate, power is transmitted from the planet gears 33 to the output shaft 34, and the output shaft 34 is used for transmitting power to an external structure.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the planet gears 33 are double-row gears, one row of gears is in meshed connection with the sun gear 31, the other row of gears is in meshed connection with the ring gear 32, and the reduction ratio is further increased by using the double-row gears to replace the single-row planet gears 33 for speed reduction.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1-3, the driven shaft 211 and the output shaft 34 are coaxially arranged, so that the structure is compact and the layout is convenient.

The embodiment also provides a vehicle, including foretell electric drive system, can realize power uninterrupted output, improve the reliability, simple structure, efficient, the torque output scope is big, can satisfy multiple operating mode demand, has improved the suitability. Specifically, the vehicle may employ the operating mode switching method of the electric drive system described above.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric drive system, comprising:

two electric machines (1);

the first gearbox (2) comprises an output shaft assembly (21), two input shaft assemblies (22) connected in parallel and two clutch assemblies (23), the two motors (1) are respectively connected with the two input shaft assemblies (22) in a driving mode, the two input shaft assemblies (22) can respectively transmit the power of the motors (1) to the output shaft assembly (21), and each clutch assembly (23) is used for gear shifting between the input shaft assembly (22) and the output shaft assembly (21) corresponding to the clutch assembly;

and the second gearbox (3) is connected to the output shaft assembly (21), and the transmission ratio of the second gearbox (3) is greater than 1.

2. The electric drive system of claim 1, wherein the clutch assembly (23) comprises a first clutch (231), the input shaft assembly (22) comprises a driving shaft (221), a first driving gear (222) freely sleeved on the driving shaft (221), and a second driving gear (223), the first clutch (231) is sleeved on the driving shaft (221), and the first clutch (231) can be switched to be combined with the first driving gear (222), combined with the second driving gear (223), or neutral;

the output shaft assembly (21) comprises a driven shaft (211), a first driven gear (212) connected to the driven shaft (211) and meshed with the first driving gear (222), and a second driven gear (213) connected to the driven shaft (211) and meshed with the second driving gear (223);

the motor (1) is in driving connection with the driving shaft (221), and the driven shaft (211) is connected with the second gearbox (3).

3. The electric drive system according to claim 2, wherein the clutch assembly (23) further comprises a second clutch (232), the input shaft assembly (22) further comprises a third driving gear (224) which is freely sleeved on the driving shaft (221), the second clutch (232) is sleeved on the driving shaft (221), the output shaft assembly (21) further comprises a third driven gear (214) which is connected to the driven shaft (211) and is meshed with the third driving gear (224), and the second clutch (232) can be switched to be combined with the third driving gear (224) or to be in a neutral gear.

4. An electric drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that said first driving gear (222), said first clutch (231), said second driving gear (223), said second clutch (232) and said third driving gear (224) are provided in sequence on said driving shaft (221).

5. The electric drive system of claim 4, wherein a gear ratio of the first drive gear (222) and the first driven gear (212), a gear ratio of the second drive gear (223) and the second driven gear (213), and a gear ratio of the third drive gear (224) and the third driven gear (214) sequentially decrease or sequentially increase.

6. An electric drive system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the two electric machines (1) are located on one side of the first gearbox (2) and the second gearbox (3) is located on the other side of the first gearbox (2).

7. An electric drive system according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that the second gearbox (3) comprises a sun wheel (31), a ring wheel (32), planet wheels (33) in meshing connection with the sun wheel (31) and the ring wheel (32), respectively, and an output shaft (34) connected to the planet wheels (33), the sun wheel (31) being connected to the driven shaft (211).

8. An electric drive system according to claim 7, characterized in that the planet wheels (33) are double-row gears.

9. An electric drive system according to claim 7, characterized in that the driven shaft (211) and the output shaft (34) are arranged coaxially.

10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising an electric drive system according to any one of claims 1-9.