CN114918351A - Closed half-die hot-forging forming die design and process with nested self-locking mechanism - Google Patents
Closed half-die hot-forging forming die design and process with nested self-locking mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN114918351A CN114918351A CN202210467247.9A CN202210467247A CN114918351A CN 114918351 A CN114918351 A CN 114918351A CN 202210467247 A CN202210467247 A CN 202210467247A CN 114918351 A CN114918351 A CN 114918351A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design and a process of a closed half-die hot forging forming die with a nested self-locking mechanism, wherein a die cavity is arranged at the top of a die sleeve, a right half die and a left half die are respectively arranged inside the die cavity, an upper die fixing plate is arranged above the die sleeve, an upper pressure head is arranged at the center inside the upper die fixing plate, an upper die plate is fixedly connected to the top of the upper die fixing plate, shift levers are fixedly connected to two sides of the upper die fixing plate through fasteners, a first self-locking positioning block and a second self-locking positioning block are respectively and movably inserted into two sides of the die sleeve, one end of each of the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block is positioned inside the die cavity, jacks are respectively arranged at the tops of the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block, and deep holes are respectively arranged at one side of the right half die and the left half die; the self-locking mechanism has the advantages that the reliability of the self-locking mechanism is improved through the nested self-locking mechanism, the mechanism self-locking can be completely guaranteed even if organic oil permeates into the self-locking friction surface, and the ejection efficiency of the common self-locking mechanism can be kept.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal forging forming, in particular to design and a process of a closed half-die hot forging forming die with a nested self-locking mechanism.
Background
In the existing forging process of the rod-shaped piece with the branch, a closed half-die structure is an effective mode, and the process for forging by locking a cavity space by using the self-locking mechanism does not need to adopt a special die set, so that the structure is simpler. In the die depending on the self-locking structure, the self-locking angle of the die is generally designed according to the dry friction condition, the friction coefficient between steel and steel under the dry friction condition is 0.15, the theoretical self-locking angle is 8.5 degrees, and the designed self-locking mechanism is generally designed according to the angle of 8 degrees, so that the die opening and discharging efficiency is considered, the self-locking can be ensured, and a certain safety margin is provided. In actual production, because of the existence of unavoidable organic oil on site, engine oil can permeate between the friction contact surfaces of the self-locking component to reduce the friction coefficient, for example, once engine oil permeates between the steel-steel friction contact surfaces, the friction coefficient can be reduced to 0.1-0.12, the self-locking angle at the moment can be correspondingly reduced to be below 5.7-6.8 degrees, the self-locking angle of 8 degrees of the die exceeds the self-locking range, once the self-locking angle is pushed, the sliding force generated along the inclined plane is greater than the friction force between the contact surfaces, the self-locking function cannot be completed at the moment, and the self-locking function of the die fails, so that the design and the process of the closed half-die hot forging forming die with the nested self-locking mechanism are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a closed half-die hot-forging forming die design and a process with a nested self-locking mechanism, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the design of the closed half-die hot forging forming die with the nested self-locking mechanism comprises a die sleeve, wherein a die cavity is arranged at the top of the die sleeve, a right half die and a left half die are respectively arranged in the die cavity, an upper die fixing plate is arranged above the die sleeve, an upper pressure head is arranged at the center of the inner part of the upper die fixing plate, an upper die plate is fixedly connected to the top of the upper die fixing plate, shift levers are fixedly connected to the two sides of the upper die fixing plate through fasteners, a first self-locking positioning block and a second self-locking positioning block are respectively movably inserted into the two sides of the die sleeve, one end of the first self-locking positioning block and one end of the second self-locking positioning block are respectively located in the die cavity, jacks are respectively formed in the tops of the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block, and deep holes are respectively formed in one side of the right half die and the left half die.
Preferably, the bottom of the die sleeve is movably inserted with two ejector rods, one ends of the two ejector rods are located in the die cavity, self-locking inclined planes N are arranged on two sides of the die cavity, and the angle of each self-locking inclined plane N is 7.5-8.3 degrees.
Preferably, the bottom of the die sleeve is fixedly connected with a fixing plate sleeved outside the ejector rod, the top of the fixing plate is located on two sides of the die sleeve and fixedly connected with limiting plates, and tension springs are fixedly connected between the limiting plates and the first self-locking positioning block and between the limiting plates and the second self-locking positioning block.
Preferably, one side of each of the right and left mold halves abuts against both sides of the mold cavity.
Preferably, the jack is an inclined hole, the jack is matched with the deflector rod, the deflector rod comprises a cuboid rod part and a cuboid working part, a certain included angle is formed between the cuboid rod part and the cuboid working part, and the optimal value of the included angle is 30-45 degrees.
Preferably, the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block are respectively matched with the deep hole, the self-locking surfaces of the first self-locking positioning block and the deep hole and the angle of the inclined surface are inclined planes, the angle of the inclined plane is smaller than 5.7 degrees, the height of the end face of the first self-locking positioning block and the height of the end face of the second self-locking positioning block are larger than that of the bottom face of the deep hole, and the cross sections of the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block are rectangular.
Preferably, one end of each of the two ejector rods, which is located inside the mold cavity, abuts against the bottoms of the right mold half and the left mold half respectively.
The invention also provides a closed half-die hot forging forming die process with the nested self-locking mechanism, which comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking, namely, putting the bar stock into a furnace body, and heating the bar stock;
s2, opening the die, namely placing the right half die and the left half die in the die cavity, enabling the right half die and the left half die to abut against the bottom of the die cavity, forming a die cavity through the right half die, the left half die and the die sleeve together, abutting the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block on one side of the limiting plate, and enabling the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block to be located at the extreme positions of the outermost side;
s3, discharging, namely taking the heated bar out of the furnace, and vertically placing the bar into a die cavity;
s4, lowering the upper die, driving the shift lever to move downwards by moving the upper die plate downwards, enabling one end of the shift lever to abut against the inner side of the jack, driving the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block to move inwards by the two shift levers respectively and enter the insides of deep holes formed in one sides of the right half die and the left half die respectively, enabling the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block to fix the positions of the right half die and the left half die, continuing to move downwards by the upper die plate, sealing the cavity by the upper pressure head and contacting with the forging blank, and starting the forming process of the forging blank;
s5, forming a forge piece, wherein under the action of a nested self-locking mechanism, a right half die and a left half die are always kept in a closed state, after forming is finished, an upper die plate returns, and meanwhile, a deflector rod is driven to move upwards, so that two deflector rods drive a first self-locking positioning block and a second self-locking positioning block to move outwards respectively, one ends of the first self-locking positioning block and one end of the second self-locking positioning block are far away from the inside of a deep hole, when the deflector rod is separated from a jack, the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block finally reach the extreme position of the outermost side, the other ends of the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block are abutted against one side of a limiting plate, and the first self-locking positioning block and the second self-locking positioning block do not obstruct sliding of the right half die and the left half die in the inner side of a die cavity any more;
and S6, taking the forged piece, ejecting the right half mold and the left half mold outwards through two ejector rods, enabling the right half mold and the left half mold to slide obliquely upwards along a guide rail of the mold sleeve, driving the forged piece to move upwards due to the existence of transverse branches on the forged piece, returning the two ejector rods after taking out the forged piece, enabling the right half mold and the left half mold to fall back to the lowest position and abut against the bottom of the mold cavity to form a mold cavity together with the mold sleeve, and waiting for the next working cycle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the self-locking mechanism has the advantages that the reliability of the self-locking mechanism is improved through the nested self-locking mechanism, the self-locking of the mechanism can be completely guaranteed even if organic oil permeates into a self-locking friction surface, and the ejection efficiency of the common self-locking mechanism can be kept.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first self-locking positioning block of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the branched bar-shaped forging of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a shift lever structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a right half-mold; 2. a left half mold; 3. die sleeve; 4. a first self-locking positioning block; 5. a second self-locking positioning block; 6. a top rod; 7. mounting a template; 8. an upper die fixing plate; 9. an upper pressure head; 10. a deflector rod; 11. a limiting plate; 12. a fixing plate; 13. a jack; 14. deep holes; 15. a mold cavity; 16. a branch-shaped bar-shaped forging; 17. a tension spring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: the design of the closed half-die hot forging forming die with the nested self-locking mechanism comprises a die sleeve 3, a die cavity 15 is arranged at the top of the die sleeve 3, a right half die 1 and a left half die 2 are respectively arranged inside the die cavity 15, an upper die fixing plate 8 is arranged above the die sleeve 3, an upper pressure head 9 is arranged at the center inside the upper die fixing plate 8, an upper die plate 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper die fixing plate 8, shift levers 10 are fixedly connected to two sides of the upper die fixing plate 8 through fasteners, the shift levers 10 are driven to move downwards by moving the upper die plate 7, one end of each shift lever 10 is abutted to the inner side of a jack 13, a first self-locking positioning block 4 and a second self-locking positioning block 5 are respectively and movably inserted into two sides of the die sleeve 3, one end of each first self-locking positioning block 4 and one end of each second self-locking positioning block 5 are both positioned inside the die cavity 15, jacks 13 are respectively arranged at the tops of each first self-locking positioning block 4 and each second self locking positioning block 5, deep holes 14 are formed in one sides of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2, a first self-locking positioning block 4 and a second self-locking positioning block 5 are respectively driven by two shift levers 10 to move inwards and respectively enter the deep holes 14 formed in one sides of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2, so that the positions of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 are fixed by the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5, two ejector rods 6 are movably inserted into the bottom of the die sleeve 3, one ends of the two ejector rods 6 are both positioned in the die cavity 15, self-locking inclined planes N are respectively arranged on two sides of the die cavity 15, the angle of each self-locking inclined plane N is 7.5-8.3 degrees and is the best 8 degrees, one ends of the two ejector rods 6 positioned in the die cavity 15 respectively abut against the bottoms of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2, the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 slide obliquely upwards along guide rails of the die sleeve 3 by upward movement of the ejector rods 6, and the existence of the transverse branch on the branched rod-shaped forging 16 drives the branched rod-shaped forging 16 to move upwards, the bottom of the die sleeve 3 is fixedly connected with a fixed plate 12 sleeved outside the ejector rod 6, the top of the fixed plate 12 is positioned at both sides of the die sleeve 3 and is fixedly connected with a limit plate 11, tension springs 17 are fixedly connected between the limit plate 11 and the first self-locking locating block 4 and the second self-locking locating block 5, when the first self-locking locating block 4 and the second self-locking locating block 5 reach the extreme position at the outermost side, the other ends of the first self-locking locating block 4 and the second self-locking locating block 5 are butted at one side of the limit plate 11, one sides of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 are butted at both sides of the die cavity 15, the jack 13 is an inclined hole, the jack 13 is matched with the shift lever 10, the shift lever 10 comprises a cuboid rod part and a cuboid working part, and a certain included angle is formed between the cuboid rod part and the cuboid working part, the optimal value of the included angle is 30-45 degrees, the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 are respectively matched with the deep hole 14, the self-locking surfaces of the first self-locking positioning block 4, the second self-locking positioning block 5 and the deep hole 14 are inclined planes, the angle of the inclined planes is smaller than 5.7 degrees, the height of the end face of the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the height of the end face of the second self-locking positioning block 5 are larger than that of the bottom face of the deep hole 14, the cross sections of the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 are both rectangular, the stress area of a contact surface is increased, meanwhile, the rotation is avoided, and the reliability in use is improved.
Firstly, a self-locking bevel M is arranged on the right half mould 1 and the left half mould 2 of the mould, a self-locking bevel N is arranged at the corresponding position of the mould sleeve 3, and the self-locking bevel M and the self-locking bevel N form a pair of friction pairs M-N. The self-locking angle is designed according to 8 degrees. If engine oil penetrates between the M-N surfaces, the friction coefficient is reduced to 0.1, the self-locking angle is reduced to 5.7 degrees, the M-N friction pair loses the self-locking effect, and the transverse expansion force F generated by the pressure during forming pushes the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 to slide obliquely upwards along the M-N surfaces;
in order to overcome the situation of self-locking failure, the invention designs a novel nested self-locking mechanism, a rectangular hole position is arranged at a proper position above a die sleeve 3, a movable first self-locking positioning block 4 is arranged in the hole, and a self-locking inclined plane of the first self-locking positioning block forms an angle of 4 degrees with a horizontal plane. A deep hole 14 is formed in the corresponding position of the right half die 1, the shape of the deep hole 14 corresponds to and forms fit with the first self-locking positioning block 4, and a self-locking inclined plane of the deep hole 14 forms an angle of 4 degrees with the horizontal plane. The use of the bevel has two reasons, firstly, the bevel can be used to further fix the mold in position; the inclined plane is more planar and convenient to enter and exit, and interference is not easy to generate. The reason for keeping the self-locking angle of 8 degrees and the design of the self-locking positioning block to be 4 degrees in the original design is that firstly, when the right half die 1 and the first self-locking positioning block 4 work in a matching way, if the self-locking angle of the right half die 1 is too large, enough horizontal thrust can be generated on the first self-locking positioning block 4, and the first self-locking positioning block 4 is extruded out to cause self-locking failure; and the angle of 8 degrees is kept, so that the force for sliding the half die 1 along the inclined plane is small, the mechanism is favorable for adopting smaller size and can still keep the strength. Thirdly, the self-locking requirement between the right half mould 1 and the mould sleeve 3 can be met by 8 degrees, so that the self-locking reliability is further improved;
when the right half die 1 is forced to be expanded outwards, if the right half die 1 and the die sleeve 3 cannot be self-locked due to the fact that engine oil permeates into the right half die 1, the right half die 1 tends to move upwards and props against the first self-locking positioning block 4, due to the existence of the angle of 4 degrees, the force, which is given to the forced surface of the first self-locking positioning block 4 by the right half die 1, can be decomposed into an outward horizontal acting force F1 and a vertical pressure F2, F2 causes the first self-locking positioning block 4 to generate a rotating moment, and the upper side and the lower side of the first self-locking positioning block 4 tightly press the corresponding surface on the die sleeve 3 and generate friction force. Since the force F2 is generated by the 4-degree surface, the angle value is still less than the minimum self-locking angle of steel 5.7 degrees, which is enough to ensure that the first self-locking positioning block 4 is completely in a self-locking state and cannot slide even if oil penetrates. Therefore, the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 are prevented from sliding upwards even in an organic oil state through the nested self-locking positioning mechanism, and the purpose of complete self-locking is achieved. When the right half mold 1 and the left half mold 2 cannot be self-locked and can slide obliquely, the oblique sliding force of the half molds can be calculated to be sin8 degrees x F which is 0.14F, the friction coefficient at the moment is 0.1, so that the friction force at least offsets 0.1cos8 degrees x F which is 0.099F, the rest 0.041F is the sliding force along the inclined plane, namely the force borne by the self-locking positioning block 4, the force is only about 4 percent of the expansion force F, and the conventional mold structure can bear the force without being damaged;
when one working stroke is completed, the right half mold 1 and the left half mold 2 are in the ejection position. With the return stroke of the ram 6, the right half-mold 1 and the left half-mold 2 are first returned to the bottom position by their own weight or a spring. Then the upper die plate 7 moves downwards, the deflector rod 10 fixed on the side surface of the upper die plate 7 moves downwards and contacts with the first self-locking positioning block 4, and then the first self-locking positioning block 4 is pushed into the deep holes 14 of the right die half 1 and the left die half 2 towards the center. Due to the existence of the inclined plane, the vertical size of the end part of the first self-locking positioning block 4 is small, the first self-locking positioning block can easily enter the deep hole 14 without causing interference, and the positions of the right half mould 1 and the left half mould 2 can be further fixed by the inclined plane. Because the inclined plane of the first self-locking positioning block 4 forms an angle of 4 degrees with the horizontal plane and the inclined planes of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2, even if organic oil exists on the inclined plane, the angle of 4 degrees is smaller than the minimum self-locking angle of 5.7 degrees, the self-locking positioning block can be completely ensured to be in a self-locking state and not to move outwards under any condition, and further the position of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 is always maintained in a die closing state during forging. The mechanism is a self-locking mechanism which is nested again on the basis of self-locking between the right half-die 1, the left half-die 2 and the die sleeve 3, and can completely ensure that the spatial position of a forming part is not changed all the time;
after the mold is opened, the first self-locking positioning block 4 is driven to be drawn out from the deep hole 14 of the right half mold 1 to the rightmost end position through the deflector rod 10 by the return force of the upper mold plate 7. The mandril 6 moves upwards, the right half-die 1 and the left half-die 2 slide upwards along the guide rail of the die sleeve 3 in an inclined way, and the branch-rod-shaped forging 16 is driven to move upwards due to the existence of the transverse branches on the branch-rod-shaped forging 16. Because the lower part of the branched bar-shaped forging piece 16 still can not move left and right in the round hole of the die sleeve 3, the branched bar-shaped forging piece 16 only can move vertically upwards, and the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 are continuously separated towards two sides, so that the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 can eject the forging piece upwards, and simultaneously are continuously separated from the branched bar-shaped forging piece 16 in the horizontal direction, and finally the ejecting and ejecting process steps are completed.
According to the working principle or the structural principle, when the lifting rod lifting mechanism is used, a rod is placed into a furnace body, the rod is heated, a right half die 1 and a left half die 2 are placed inside a die cavity 15, the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 are abutted to the bottom of the die cavity 15, a die cavity is formed between the right half die 1, the left half die 2 and a die sleeve 3 together, a first self-locking positioning block 4 and a second self-locking positioning block 5 are abutted to one side of a limiting plate 11, the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 are located at the extreme positions of the outermost sides at the moment, the heated rod is taken out of the furnace and is vertically placed into the die cavity, the upper die plate 7 is moved downwards, the lifting rod 10 is driven to move downwards, one end of the lifting rod 10 is abutted to the inner side of a jack 13, and the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 are respectively driven to move inwards through the two lifting rods 10 and respectively enter the insides of deep holes 14 formed in one sides of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2, the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 fix the positions of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2, the upper die plate 7 continuously moves downwards, the upper pressure head 9 seals a die cavity and contacts a forging blank, the forging blank forming process is started, meanwhile, under the action of a nested self-locking mechanism, the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 are always kept in a closed state, after the forming is finished, the upper die plate 7 returns and simultaneously drives the shift lever 10 to move upwards, so that the two shift lever 10 respectively drive the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 to move outwards, one end of the first self-locking positioning block 4 and one end of the second self-locking positioning block 5 are far away from the inside of the deep hole 14, when the shift lever 10 is separated from the jack 13, the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 finally reach the extreme position at the outermost side, so that the other ends of the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 abut against one side of the limiting plate 11, the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 do not block the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 from sliding on the inner side of the die cavity 15 any more, the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 are ejected outwards through the two ejector rods 6, the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 slide along the guide rail of the die sleeve 3 in the oblique upper direction, the forged piece is driven to move upwards due to the existence of the transverse branches on the forged piece, after the forged piece is taken out, the two ejector rods 6 return, the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 fall back to the lowest position and abut against the bottom of the die cavity 15 to form a die cavity together with the die sleeve 3, and the next working cycle is waited.
The invention also provides a closed half-die hot forging forming die process with the nested self-locking mechanism, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, blanking, namely, putting the bar stock into a furnace body, and heating the bar stock;
s2, opening the die, namely placing the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 in the die cavity 15, enabling the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 to abut against the bottom of the die cavity 15, forming a die cavity through the right half die 1, the left half die 2 and the die sleeve 3, abutting the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 on one side of the limiting plate 11, and enabling the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 to be located at the outermost limit positions;
s3, discharging, namely taking the heated bar out of the furnace, and vertically placing the bar into a die cavity;
s4, lowering the upper die, driving the shift lever 10 to move downwards by moving the upper die plate 7 downwards, enabling one end of the shift lever 10 to abut against the inner side of the jack 13, driving the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 to move inwards by the two shift levers 10 respectively and enter the deep holes 14 formed in one sides of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 respectively, enabling the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 to fix the positions of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2, continuing to move downwards by the upper die plate 7, sealing the cavity by the upper pressure head 9 and contacting with the forging stock, and starting the forging stock forming process;
s5, forming a forged piece, wherein under the action of a nested self-locking mechanism, the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 are always kept in a closed state, after forming is finished, the upper die plate 7 returns, and the deflector rod 10 is driven to move upwards, so that the two deflector rods 10 respectively drive the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 to move outwards, one ends of the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 are far away from the inside of the deep hole 14, when the deflector rod 10 is separated from the jack 13, the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 finally reach the extreme positions of the outermost side, so that the other ends of the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 are abutted against one side of the limiting plate 11, and the first self-locking positioning block 4 and the second self-locking positioning block 5 do not hinder the sliding of the right half die 1 and the left half die 2 on the inner side of the die cavity 15 any more;
s6, taking the forged piece, ejecting the right half mold 1 and the left half mold 2 outwards through the two ejector rods 6, enabling the right half mold 1 and the left half mold 2 to slide obliquely upwards along the guide rail of the mold sleeve 3, driving the forged piece to move upwards due to the existence of the transverse branches on the forged piece, after the forged piece is taken out, returning the two ejector rods 6, enabling the right half mold 1 and the left half mold 2 to fall back to the lowest position and abut against the bottom of the mold cavity 15, forming a mold cavity together with the mold sleeve 3, and waiting for the next working cycle.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. Closed half mould hot forging forming die design with nested self-locking mechanism, including die sleeve (3), its characterized in that: the mold comprises a mold sleeve (3), wherein a mold cavity (15) is arranged at the top of the mold sleeve (3), a right half mold (1) and a left half mold (2) are respectively arranged inside the mold cavity (15), an upper mold fixing plate (8) is arranged above the mold sleeve (3), an upper pressure head (9) is arranged at the center inside the upper mold fixing plate (8), an upper mold plate (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper mold fixing plate (8), shift rods (10) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the upper mold fixing plate (8) through fasteners, a first self-locking positioning block (4) and a second self-locking positioning block (5) are respectively movably inserted into the two sides of the mold sleeve (3), one ends of the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) are respectively located inside the mold cavity (15), and jacks (13) are respectively formed in the tops of the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5), deep holes (14) are formed in one sides of the right half die (1) and the left half die (2).
2. The closed half hot-forging forming die design with the nested self-locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the die comprises a die sleeve (3), wherein two ejector rods (6) are movably inserted into the bottom of the die sleeve (3), one ends of the two ejector rods (6) are located inside a die cavity (15), self-locking inclined planes N are arranged on two sides of the die cavity (15), and the angle of each self-locking inclined plane N is 7.5-8.3 degrees.
3. The closed half hot forging forming die design with a nested self-locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the bottom fixedly connected with of die sleeve (3) cup joints fixed plate (12) in ejector pin (6) outside, the top of fixed plate (12) is located equal fixedly connected with limiting plate (11) in both sides of die sleeve (3), equal fixedly connected with extension spring (17) between limiting plate (11) and first auto-lock locating piece (4) and second auto-lock locating piece (5).
4. The closed half hot forging forming die design with a nested self-locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein: and one sides of the right half mould (1) and the left half mould (2) are abutted against two sides of the mould cavity (15).
5. The closed half hot forging forming die design with a nested self-locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the jack (13) is the inclined hole, jack (13) and driving lever (10) match each other, driving lever (10) include cuboid pole portion and cuboid work portion, form certain contained angle between cuboid pole portion and the cuboid work portion, the contained angle optimal value is 30-45 degrees.
6. The closed half hot forging forming die design with a nested self-locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) are respectively matched with the deep hole (14), self-locking surfaces of the first self-locking positioning block (4), the second self-locking positioning block (5) and the deep hole (14) are inclined planes, the angle of the inclined planes is smaller than 5.7 degrees, the height of the end face of the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the end face of the second self-locking positioning block (5) is larger than that of the bottom face of the deep hole (14), and the cross sections of the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) are rectangular.
7. The closed half hot-forging forming die design with the nested self-locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein: and one ends of the two ejector rods (6) positioned in the die cavity (15) respectively abut against the bottoms of the right half die (1) and the left half die (2).
8. A closed half hot forging forming die process with a nested self-locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking, namely, putting the bar stock into a furnace body, and heating the bar stock;
s2, opening the die, namely placing the right half die (1) and the left half die (2) in a die cavity (15), enabling the right half die (1) and the left half die (2) to abut against the bottom of the die cavity (15), forming a die cavity together by the right half die (1), the left half die (2) and a die sleeve (3), abutting the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) on one side of the limiting plate (11), and enabling the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) to be located at the outermost limit positions;
s3, discharging, namely taking the heated bar out of the furnace, and vertically placing the bar into a die cavity;
s4, lowering the upper die, driving a shift lever (10) to move downwards by moving an upper die plate (7) downwards, enabling one end of the shift lever (10) to be abutted against the inner side of an insertion hole (13), respectively driving a first self-locking positioning block (4) and a second self-locking positioning block (5) to move inwards by the two shift levers (10) and respectively enter deep holes (14) formed in one sides of the right half die (1) and the left half die (2), enabling the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) to fix the positions of the right half die (1) and the left half die (2), continuously moving downwards by the upper die plate (7), sealing a cavity by an upper pressure head (9) and contacting a forging blank, and starting a forging blank forming process;
s5, forming a forged piece, wherein under the action of a nested self-locking mechanism, a right half die (1) and a left half die (2) are always kept in a closed state, after forming is finished, an upper die plate (7) returns, and meanwhile, a driving lever (10) is driven to move upwards, so that the two driving levers (10) respectively drive a first self-locking positioning block (4) and a second self-locking positioning block (5) to move outwards, one ends of the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) are far away from the inside of a deep hole (14), when the driving lever (10) is separated from a jack (13), the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) finally reach the extreme positions of the outermost side, the other ends of the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) are abutted against one side of a limiting plate (11), and the first self-locking positioning block (4) and the second self-locking positioning block (5) do not slide towards the right half die (1) and the left half die (2) in the inner side of a die cavity (15) any more Creating a barrier;
s6, taking the forged piece, ejecting the right half mold (1) and the left half mold (2) outwards through two ejector rods (6), enabling the right half mold (1) and the left half mold (2) to slide along the guide rail of the mold sleeve (3) obliquely upwards, driving the forged piece to move upwards due to the existence of transverse branches on the forged piece, returning the two ejector rods (6) after the forged piece is taken out, enabling the right half mold (1) and the left half mold (2) to fall back to the lowest position to abut against the bottom of the mold cavity (15), forming a mold cavity together with the mold sleeve (3), and waiting for the next working cycle.
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