CN114909605B - LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system and working method thereof - Google Patents

LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system and working method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114909605B
CN114909605B CN202210640432.3A CN202210640432A CN114909605B CN 114909605 B CN114909605 B CN 114909605B CN 202210640432 A CN202210640432 A CN 202210640432A CN 114909605 B CN114909605 B CN 114909605B
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carbon dioxide
cold energy
evaporator
condenser
lng
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CN114909605A (en
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杨兴林
彭艳
刘春艳
潭牛高
郭静
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • F02G5/04—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases in combination with other waste heat from combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/005—Pipe-line systems for a two-phase gas-liquid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0355—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid in a closed loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/046—Enhancing energy recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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Abstract

The invention discloses a LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system and a working method thereof, wherein the system comprises a flue gas treatment unit, an LNG gasification unit, an air conditioner refrigeration unit and a low-temperature power generation unit, the LNG is gasified and then is supplied to an internal combustion engine to work, high-temperature flue gas generated by the internal combustion engine exchanges heat with LNG cold energy through flue gas treatment to generate a carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture, liquid carbon dioxide is collected into a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is used for the air conditioner refrigeration unit of a ship; when the required cold quantity of the air conditioning system is excessive, the electromagnetic expansion valve is controlled to adjust the vaporization of liquefied carbon dioxide into the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank, so that the requirements of the air conditioning refrigeration unit on the excessive cold quantity and electric quantity are met. According to the invention, the refrigeration requirement of the air conditioner refrigeration unit can be adjusted by utilizing the liquid carbon dioxide to store and release cold energy, and the energy recycling efficiency of the LNG ship is enhanced by efficiently utilizing the cold energy of the carbon dioxide, so that the zero carbon emission function of the internal combustion engine can be realized.

Description

LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system and working method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of environmental protection and energy efficient utilization, in particular to a LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system and a working method thereof.
Background
The LNG ship adopts natural gas fuel, has the characteristics of small pollution and low price, so the LNG ship is a trend of the future ship development. At present, the LNG ship is heated by a vaporizer or an exhaust gas boiler, a large amount of cold energy released by LNG gasification is wasted, the LNG ship is usually in an offshore navigation state and is influenced by the changes of airlines, seasonal climates, navigational speed and the like, and the demand of LNG fuel supplied to a power system is usually in a change state, so that the technical problems of asynchronism and mismatching of cold energy released during LNG gasification and cold energy exist. To achieve optimal matching of cold, electricity and heat, cascade utilization of energy is achieved. Therefore, it has been urgent to develop a system for storing and comprehensively utilizing cold energy and heat energy of LNG ships.
The invention patent in China with the application number 202111320188.4 discloses a cold energy storage and cold/heat energy comprehensive utilization system of an LNG ship, which comprises an LNG regasification subsystem, an air liquefaction subsystem, a cold energy power generation subsystem and a cold supply subsystem. The system utilizes the cold energy cascade utilization generated by LNG regasification and the waste heat energy generated by combustion in theory, and simultaneously utilizes liquid air to store the cold energy. However, the system can only perform cold production and cold utilization respectively, and the technical problems of asynchronous cold production and cold utilization, power generation and power utilization and mismatching in the true sense are not solved.
The invention patent in China with the application number 201910444288.4 discloses a zero-emission power system for recycling CO 2 by utilizing LNG cold energy cascade composite circulation, and realizes the zero-emission function of carbon dioxide by coupling an LNG cascade heating subsystem and a flue gas cascade cooling subsystem, however, the cold energy utilization efficiency is not high. The invention combines the collected gaseous carbon dioxide with the air-conditioning refrigeration unit, can meet the requirements of excessive cold energy and electric quantity required by the air-conditioning refrigeration unit, and further improves the energy utilization efficiency of the LNG ship.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system and the working method thereof, the tail gas released by the internal combustion engine is treated by utilizing the cold energy released by LNG gasification and the carbon dioxide is recovered, the separated gaseous carbon dioxide is used for an air-conditioning refrigeration unit of a ship, and the cold energy and the excessive electric quantity of the air-conditioning refrigeration unit are required by utilizing the separated liquid carbon dioxide to store and release the cold energy, so that the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency and the economic benefit of the LNG ship can be further improved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purposes of the invention:
The LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system comprises a flue gas treatment unit, an LNG gasification unit, an air conditioner refrigeration unit and a low-temperature power generation unit, wherein the flue gas treatment unit is formed by sequentially communicating an internal combustion engine, a flue gas catalytic converter, a waste heat recoverer, an adsorption device, a first compressor, an inlet a of a first condenser, an outlet b of the first condenser, an inlet e of a second condenser, an outlet f of the second condenser, an inlet i of a gas-liquid separator, an outlet j of the gas-liquid separator and a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank through pipelines; the LNG gasification unit is formed by sequentially communicating an LNG liquid storage tank, a first regulating valve, an inlet h of a second condenser, an outlet g of the second condenser, an inlet d of the first condenser, an outlet c of the first condenser and an internal combustion engine through pipelines; the air conditioner refrigerating unit is formed by sequentially communicating an outlet k of the gas-liquid separator, a gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank, a refrigerating subunit, a second compressor, an inlet e of a second condenser, an outlet f of the second condenser and an inlet i of the gas-liquid separator through pipelines; the low-temperature power generation unit is formed by sequentially communicating an outlet p of the third evaporator, a turbine, an inlet m of the evaporator, an outlet o of the evaporator, a centrifugal pump and an inlet q of the third evaporator through pipelines.
Further, the refrigeration subunit of the air conditioner refrigeration unit comprises a first evaporator, a second evaporator, a third regulating valve and a second regulating valve, wherein the third regulating valve and the second regulating valve are respectively arranged at the front ends of the first evaporator and the second evaporator, the upper interface of the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank is divided into two paths through a pipeline and is respectively connected with the second regulating valve and the third regulating valve, and the left interfaces of the second evaporator and the first evaporator are connected to the second compressor through pipelines.
Further, the right interface of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank is connected with an electromagnetic expansion valve, and the electromagnetic expansion valve is sequentially communicated with an inlet n of the vaporizer, an outlet l of the vaporizer and the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank through pipelines; a first temperature controller is arranged on the first evaporator; a second temperature controller is arranged on the second evaporator; the electromagnetic expansion valve is simultaneously connected with the first temperature controller and the second temperature controller through pipelines; and the electromagnetic expansion valve is used for adjusting the opening according to the refrigerating capacity requirement of the first evaporator or the second evaporator.
Further, the electromagnetic expansion valve is further used for adjusting the opening according to the power requirement of the low-temperature power generation unit; when the power demand of the low-temperature power generation unit is increased, the centrifugal pump increases the pressure of the liquid outlet, so that the air inlet flow of the turbine is increased, the heat load of the vaporizer is increased, and the electromagnetic expansion valve flow is increased to meet the cold demand of the vaporizer.
Further, the first condenser, the second condenser, the vaporizer and the third evaporator are all plate heat exchangers; the first evaporator and the second evaporator are fin heat exchangers; the second regulating valve and the third regulating valve are external balance expansion valves.
Further, the combustion fuel in the internal combustion engine is natural gas; a catalyst and a reducing agent are arranged in the flue gas catalytic converter; and a steam pipeline is arranged in the waste heat recoverer, and waste heat is utilized to generate electricity or supply heat.
Further, the catalyst is metal oxide or zeolite molecular sieve, and the reducing agent is urea or liquid ammonia.
Further, an adsorbent is arranged in the adsorption device, and the adsorbent is activated carbon or activated alumina.
The invention also provides a working method of the LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) When the first regulating valve is opened, LNG fuel in the LNG liquid storage tank sequentially passes through the second condenser and the first condenser under the action of pressure to be vaporized and then is supplied to the internal combustion engine to do work; the flue gas generated by the work of the internal combustion engine is reduced in the flue gas catalytic converter, the mixture of nitrogen, water vapor and carbon dioxide with high temperature after reduction enters the waste heat recoverer to be cooled by heat consumption, then enters the first compressor to be pressurized after the water vapor is adsorbed by the adsorption device, then enters the first condenser to be cooled by heat exchange with cold energy released by LNG vaporization, then the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide enters the second condenser to be cooled by heat exchange with cold energy released by LNG vaporization, and carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture is generated, and finally the carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture stores carbon dioxide liquid in a carbon dioxide liquid tank through a gas-liquid separator;
(b) Gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas-liquid separator enters the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank through a pipeline, and then is injected into the second evaporator and the first evaporator through the second regulating valve and the third regulating valve respectively to exchange heat with air, so that refrigeration of an LNG ship air-conditioning refrigeration unit is realized; the gaseous carbon dioxide passing through the first evaporator and the second evaporator is pressurized by a second compressor and then subjected to heat exchange with cold energy released by LNG vaporization through the second condenser again, so that a carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture is generated and enters the gas-liquid separator;
(c) When the refrigerating capacity required by the air conditioner refrigerating unit is excessive, an electromagnetic expansion valve is opened, so that the liquid carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank is vaporized by a vaporizer to release latent heat and then enters a gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank for refrigeration, and the requirement of the excessive refrigerating capacity of the air conditioner refrigerating unit is met;
(d) The liquid carbon dioxide is vaporized by the vaporizer to release a large amount of latent heat to be used as a cold source of the low-temperature power generation unit, the power generation working medium is vaporized by the third vaporizer to absorb the heat of cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine to generate high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is sent into the turbine to do work for power generation, then the high-pressure gas flows through the vaporizer to be cooled and liquefied, and finally the liquid working medium is sent into the third vaporizer by the centrifugal pump to complete circulation.
Further, when the valve opening of the electromagnetic expansion valve is 30%, the liquid carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank is vaporized by the vaporizer to release latent heat and then enters the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank, and the refrigerating capacity is 19.02kW.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. The invention uses the separated low-temperature gaseous carbon dioxide as the refrigerant of the air conditioner refrigerating unit, realizes the recycling of the cold energy of the low-temperature gaseous carbon dioxide separated by the gas-liquid device, efficiently utilizes the cold energy of the carbon dioxide and enhances the recycling of energy; and the requirements of excessive cold energy and electric quantity required by the air conditioner refrigerating unit can be adjusted while collecting the liquid carbon dioxide, so that the efficiency of converting the gaseous carbon dioxide into the liquid carbon dioxide is improved, and the recovery efficiency can reach more than 90%.
2. By means of ASPEN HYSYS, the invention designs a carbon dioxide capturing and carbon dioxide gasification cold energy utilization system by software, establishes a mathematical model of cold and light utilization rate of the system and performs actual analysis and verification. The results show that: the total luminous efficiency of the system for utilizing cold energy reaches 25.19%, and the rationality and the economy of the system are proved.
3. According to the invention, the LNG cold energy and the seawater cold energy are utilized to directly capture the carbon dioxide generated during the combustion of the natural gas, secondary refrigerants are not needed, the system is simple and efficient, and the zero carbon emission of the internal combustion engine is realized; meanwhile, the technical problems of asynchronous and unmatched cold production, cold use, power generation and power use in the running process of the LNG movable ship are solved by utilizing the cold energy generated by LNG gasification and the waste heat energy generated by combustion in a cascade mode in theory and utilizing liquid air to store the cold energy, so that the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the LNG ship is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing reference numeral of a cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system of an LNG ship according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a system process under the working condition that the opening of the electromagnetic expansion valve is 30%.
Reference numerals: 1-an internal combustion engine; 2-a flue gas catalytic converter; 3-waste heat recoverer; 4-an adsorption device; 5-a first condenser; 6-a first compressor; 7-a second condenser; 8-LNG liquid storage tanks; 9-a first regulating valve; 10-a first evaporator, 11-a second evaporator; 12-a second regulating valve and 13-a second compressor; 14-a third regulating valve; 15-a gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank; 16-a gas-liquid separator; 17-a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; 18-an electromagnetic expansion valve; 19-a vaporizer; 20-turbine; 21-a third evaporator; 22-a centrifugal pump; 23-a second temperature controller; 24-first temperature controller
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the LNG ship cold energy circulation storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a flue gas treatment unit, an LNG gasification unit, an air conditioning refrigeration unit, and a low temperature power generation unit, where the flue gas treatment unit includes an internal combustion engine 1, a flue gas catalytic converter 2, a waste heat recoverer 3, an adsorption device 4, a first condenser 5, a first compressor 6, a second condenser 7, a gas-liquid separator 16, and a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 17, a right interface of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to a left interface of the flue gas catalytic converter 2 through a pipeline, a right interface of the flue gas catalytic converter 2 is connected to a left interface of the waste heat recoverer 3 through a pipeline, a right interface of the waste heat recoverer 3 is connected to a left interface of the adsorption device 4 through a pipeline, a right interface of the first compressor 6 is connected to an inlet a of the first condenser 5 through a pipeline, an outlet b of the first condenser 5 is connected to a left interface of the second condenser 7 through a pipeline, an outlet of the second condenser 7 is connected to an outlet of the second condenser 7 through a pipeline, and an outlet of the second condenser 7 is connected to an outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid separator 16 through an inlet of the carbon dioxide liquid separator 16. Wherein the combustion fuel in the internal combustion engine 1 is natural gas; the flue gas catalytic converter 2 is internally provided with a catalyst and a reducing agent, wherein the catalyst is a metal oxide or zeolite molecular sieve, and the reducing agent is urea or liquid ammonia; a steam pipeline is arranged in the waste heat recoverer 3, and waste heat recovery is utilized to generate electricity or supply heat; the adsorption device 4 is internally provided with an adsorbent, and the adsorbent is activated carbon or activated alumina.
The LNG gasification unit comprises an LNG liquid storage tank 8 and a first regulating valve 9, wherein the LNG liquid storage tank 8 is connected with a lower interface of the first regulating valve 9 through a pipeline, an upper interface of the first regulating valve 9 is connected with an inlet h of the second condenser 7 through a pipeline, an outlet g of the second condenser 7 is connected with an inlet d of the first condenser 5 through a pipeline, and an outlet c of the first condenser 5 is connected with a lower interface of the internal combustion engine 1 through a pipeline.
The air conditioner refrigerating unit comprises a second compressor 13, a first evaporator 10, a second evaporator 11, a second regulating valve 12, a third regulating valve 14 and a gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank 15, wherein an outlet k of a gas-liquid separator 16 is connected with a lower interface of the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank 15 through a pipeline, an upper interface of the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank 15 is divided into two paths through a pipeline and is respectively connected with the second regulating valve 12 and the third regulating valve 14, a right interface of the second regulating valve 12 is connected with the second evaporator 11 through a pipeline, a right interface of the third regulating valve 13 is connected with the first evaporator 10 through a pipeline, a left interface of the second evaporator 11 and a left interface of the first evaporator 10 are connected with an upper interface of the second compressor 13 through a pipeline, a lower interface of the second compressor 13 is sequentially connected with an inlet e of the second condenser 7, an outlet f of the second condenser 7 and an inlet i of the gas-liquid separator 16 through a pipeline, and the second regulating valve 12 and the third regulating valve 14 are external balance valves.
The low-temperature power generation unit comprises a vaporizer 19, a turbine 20, a third vaporizer 21 and a centrifugal pump 22, wherein an outlet p of the third vaporizer 21 is connected with a right joint of the turbine 20 through a pipeline, a left joint of the turbine 20 is connected with an inlet m of the vaporizer 19 through a pipeline, an outlet o of the vaporizer 19 is connected with a left joint of the centrifugal pump 22 through a pipeline, a right joint of the centrifugal pump 22 is connected with an inlet q of the third vaporizer 21 through a pipeline, wherein the gas-liquid separator 16 not only plays a role of separating carbon dioxide from gas, but also can reduce the temperature of cold flow of the vaporizer 19 entering the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer bottle 15, prevent pressure fluctuation of gas and liquid in the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer bottle 15, enable the flow entering the second vaporizer 11 and the first vaporizer 10 to be more stable, the refrigerating medium of the low-temperature power generation unit is organic working medium, the centrifugal pump 22 is a variable-frequency centrifugal pump, different running speeds of the turbine 20 can be adjusted according to the flow of carbon dioxide of the electromagnetic expansion valve 18, and the maximum cold power generation of the carbon dioxide can be performed by utilizing the pressure of the turbine 20.
The right interface of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 17 is connected with an electromagnetic expansion valve 18, the right interface of the electromagnetic expansion valve 18 is connected with an inlet n of the vaporizer 19 through a pipeline, and an outlet l of the vaporizer 19 is connected with the lower interface of the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer bottle 15 through a pipeline; the first evaporator 10 is provided with a first temperature controller 24; the second evaporator 11 is provided with a second temperature controller 23; the electromagnetic expansion valve 18 is connected with the first temperature controller 24 and the second temperature controller 23 through pipelines. When the refrigerating capacity requirement of the first evaporator 10 and the second evaporator 11 is increased or the refrigerating temperature is required to be reduced, the opening degree of the electromagnetic expansion valve 18 is adjusted to be increased, so that the flow rate of the liquid carbon dioxide entering the evaporator 19 can be controlled, and further, the larger refrigerating capacity requirement can be met. The first evaporator 10 and the second evaporator 11 are fin heat exchangers; the first condenser 5, the second condenser 7, the vaporizer 19 and the third evaporator 21 are all plate heat exchangers.
When the power requirement of the low-temperature power generation unit is increased, the electromagnetic expansion valve 18 can be further adjusted in opening degree according to the requirement of the power generation unit, the flow rate of the air inlet of the turbine 20 is increased by increasing the pressure of the liquid outlet of the centrifugal pump 22, the heat load of the vaporizer 19 is increased, and the cold requirement of the vaporizer 19 can be met by increasing the flow rate of the electromagnetic expansion valve 18. When the load demands of the air conditioner cooling unit and the low-temperature power generation unit are increased, the storage amount of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 17 is reduced, the opening degree of the electromagnetic expansion valve 18 is increased, the circulation amount of carbon dioxide of the whole system can be increased, and the effect of adjusting the storage amount of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 17 is achieved.
The working method of the LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system comprises the following steps:
(a) The LNG fuel coming out of the LNG liquid storage tank 8 is 110 kPa-162 ℃, and the LNG vaporization flow required by the intake of the ship host is 3000kg/h; when the first regulating valve 9 is opened, the LNG fuel in the LNG storage tank 8 is vaporized by the pressure through the second condenser 7 and the first condenser 5 in sequence to work by the internal combustion engine 1; the flue gas generated by the work of the internal combustion engine 1 is reduced in the flue gas catalytic converter 2, the mixture of nitrogen, water vapor and carbon dioxide with high temperature after reduction enters the waste heat recoverer 3 to be cooled to 50-60 ℃ by the consumed heat, then enters the first compressor 6 to be pressurized to 400kpa and 100 ℃ after the water vapor is adsorbed by the adsorption device 4, then enters the first condenser 5 to be cooled to 25-30 ℃ by heat exchange with cold energy released by LNG vaporization, the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide enters the second condenser 7 to be cooled to-61.31 ℃ by heat exchange with cold energy released by LNG vaporization, and a carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture with the liquefaction rate of 88% is generated, and finally the carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture is stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 17 through the gas-liquid separator 16;
(b) The gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas-liquid separator 16 enters the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank 15 through a pipeline, and then is injected into the second evaporator 11 and the first evaporator 10 through the second regulating valve 12 and the third regulating valve 14 respectively to exchange heat with air, so that refrigeration of an LNG ship air-conditioning refrigeration unit is realized; the carbon dioxide passing through the second evaporator 11 and the first evaporator 10 is gasified and absorbed, and then is boosted by the second compressor 13 and then is the same as the pressure of the exhaust port of the first compressor 6, and after being converged, enters the second condenser 7 again to perform cold exchange with LNG to generate a carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture, and enters the gas-liquid separator 16, so that the liquefying efficiency of the carbon dioxide can be effectively improved;
(c) When the cooling capacity required by the air conditioner refrigerating unit is excessive, opening an electromagnetic expansion valve 18, and when the valve opening of the electromagnetic expansion valve 18 is 30%, enabling the liquid carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 17 to enter the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank 15 after the latent heat released by vaporization of the vaporizer 19, wherein the cooling capacity is 19.02kW so as to meet the requirement of the air conditioner refrigerating unit for the excessive cooling capacity;
(d) The liquid carbon dioxide is vaporized by the vaporizer 19 to release a large amount of latent heat to be used as a cold source of the low-temperature power generation unit, the power generation working medium firstly absorbs heat of cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine 1 by the third vaporizer 21 to be vaporized to generate high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is sent into the turbine 20 to perform work to generate power, then flows through the vaporizer 19 to be cooled and liquefied, finally the liquid working medium is sent into the third vaporizer 21 by the centrifugal pump 22 to complete circulation, and the output work of the turbine 20 is 10.29kW.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system is characterized by comprising a flue gas treatment unit, an LNG gasification unit, an air conditioner refrigeration unit and a low-temperature power generation unit, wherein the flue gas treatment unit is formed by sequentially communicating an internal combustion engine (1), a flue gas catalytic converter (2), a waste heat recoverer (3), an adsorption device (4), a first compressor (6), an inlet a of a first condenser (5), an outlet b of the first condenser (5), an inlet e of a second condenser (7), an outlet f of the second condenser (7), an inlet i of a gas-liquid separator (16), an outlet j of the gas-liquid separator (16) and a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank (17) through pipelines; the LNG gasification unit is formed by sequentially communicating an LNG liquid storage tank (8), a first regulating valve (9), an inlet h of a second condenser (7), an outlet g of the second condenser (7), an inlet d of a first condenser (5), an outlet c of the first condenser (5) and an internal combustion engine (1) through pipelines; the air conditioner refrigerating unit is formed by sequentially communicating an outlet k of a gas-liquid separator (16), a gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank (15), a refrigerating subunit, a second compressor (13), an inlet e of a second condenser (7), an outlet f of the second condenser (7) and an inlet i of the gas-liquid separator (16) through pipelines; the low-temperature power generation unit is formed by sequentially communicating an outlet p of a third evaporator (21), a turbine (20), an inlet m of a vaporizer (19), an outlet o of the vaporizer (19), a centrifugal pump (22) and an inlet q of the third evaporator (21) through pipelines; the refrigerating subunit of the air conditioner refrigerating unit comprises a first evaporator (10) and a second evaporator (11) and a third regulating valve (14) and a second regulating valve (12) which are respectively arranged at the front ends of the first evaporator (10) and the second evaporator (11), wherein an upper interface of the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank (15) is divided into two paths through a pipeline and is respectively connected with the second regulating valve (12) and the third regulating valve (14), and left interfaces of the second evaporator (11) and the first evaporator (10) are connected to the second compressor (13) through pipelines; the right interface of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank (17) is connected with an electromagnetic expansion valve (18), and the electromagnetic expansion valve (18) is sequentially communicated with an inlet n of the vaporizer (19), an outlet l of the vaporizer (19) and the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank (15) through pipelines; a first temperature controller (24) is arranged on the first evaporator (10); a second temperature controller (23) is arranged on the second evaporator (11); the electromagnetic expansion valve (18) is simultaneously connected with the first temperature controller (24) and the second temperature controller (23) through pipelines; the electromagnetic expansion valve (18) is used for adjusting the opening according to the refrigerating capacity requirement of the first evaporator (10) or the second evaporator (11); the electromagnetic expansion valve (18) is also used for adjusting the opening according to the power requirement of the low-temperature power generation unit; when the power demand of the low-temperature power generation unit increases, the centrifugal pump (22) increases the pressure of the liquid outlet, so that the air inlet flow rate of the turbine (20) increases, the heat load of the vaporizer (19) increases, and the flow rate of the electromagnetic expansion valve (18) is increased to meet the cold demand of the vaporizer (19).
2. The LNG ship cold energy circulation storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the first condenser (5), the second condenser (7), the vaporizer (19) and the third vaporizer (21) are plate heat exchangers; the first evaporator (10) and the second evaporator (11) are fin heat exchangers; the second regulating valve (12) and the third regulating valve (14) are external balance expansion valves.
3. The LNG ship cold energy cycle storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel in the internal combustion engine (1) is natural gas; a catalyst and a reducing agent are arranged in the flue gas catalytic converter (2); and a steam pipeline is arranged in the waste heat recoverer (3), and waste heat is utilized to generate electricity or supply heat.
4. The LNG ship cold energy circulation storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 3, wherein the catalyst is a metal oxide or zeolite molecular sieve, and the reducing agent is urea or liquid ammonia.
5. The LNG ship cold energy circulation storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein an adsorbent is provided in the adsorption device (4), and the adsorbent is activated carbon or activated alumina.
6. The working method of the LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) When the first regulating valve (9) is opened, LNG fuel in the LNG liquid storage tank (8) sequentially passes through the second condenser (7) and the first condenser (5) under the action of pressure to be gasified and then is supplied to the internal combustion engine (1) to do work; the flue gas generated by the work of the internal combustion engine (1) is reduced in the flue gas catalytic converter (2), the mixture of nitrogen, water vapor and carbon dioxide with high temperature after reduction enters the waste heat recoverer (3) to be cooled by consumed heat, then enters the first compressor (6) to be pressurized after the water vapor is adsorbed by the adsorption device (4), then enters the first condenser (5) to be cooled by heat exchange with cold energy released by LNG vaporization, then enters the second condenser (7) to be cooled again by heat exchange with the cold energy released by LNG vaporization, and generates a carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture, and finally the carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture stores carbon dioxide liquid in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank (17) through the gas-liquid separator (16);
(b) Gaseous carbon dioxide coming out of the gas-liquid separator (16) enters the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank (15) through a pipeline, and then is injected into the second evaporator (11) and the first evaporator (10) through a second regulating valve (12) and a third regulating valve (14) respectively to exchange heat with air, so that refrigeration of an LNG ship air-conditioning refrigeration unit is realized; the gaseous carbon dioxide passing through the first evaporator (10) and the second evaporator (11) is pressurized by a second compressor (13) and then passes through the second condenser (7) again to exchange heat with cold energy released by LNG vaporization, so as to generate a carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture and enter the gas-liquid separator (16);
(c) When the refrigerating capacity required by the air conditioner refrigerating unit is excessive, an electromagnetic expansion valve (18) is opened, so that the liquid carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank (17) is vaporized by a vaporizer (19) to release latent heat and then enters a gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank (15) for refrigerating, and the requirement of the excessive refrigerating capacity of the air conditioner refrigerating unit is met;
(d) The liquid carbon dioxide is vaporized by the vaporizer (19) to release a large amount of latent heat to serve as a cold source of the low-temperature power generation unit, the power generation working medium firstly passes through the third vaporizer (21) to absorb heat of cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine (1) to be vaporized to generate high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is sent into the turbine (20) to do work to generate power, then flows through the vaporizer (19) to be cooled and liquefied, and finally the liquid working medium is sent into the third vaporizer (21) by the centrifugal pump (22) to complete circulation.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein when the valve opening of the electromagnetic expansion valve (18) is 30%, the liquid carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide storage tank (17) is vaporized by the vaporizer (19) to release latent heat and then enters the gaseous carbon dioxide buffer tank (15), and the refrigerating capacity is 19.02 kW.
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