CN114908818A - Foundation pit deformation observation device - Google Patents
Foundation pit deformation observation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114908818A CN114908818A CN202210606028.4A CN202210606028A CN114908818A CN 114908818 A CN114908818 A CN 114908818A CN 202210606028 A CN202210606028 A CN 202210606028A CN 114908818 A CN114908818 A CN 114908818A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a foundation pit deformation observation device, which comprises a plurality of observation units, wherein each observation unit comprises a shell and a plurality of measuring mechanisms, the surface of the shell facing the side wall of the foundation pit is provided with a plurality of through holes, the shell is provided with a connecting rod and a fixed pulley, the measuring mechanism comprises a support, suspension wires, a liquid storage cylinder and a measuring pipe, the support is connected to the side wall of the foundation pit, the other end of the support is close to the through hole and is rotatably connected with a movable pulley, the upper ends of the suspension wires are connected to the inner top surface of the shell, the lower ends of the suspension wires form pulley blocks by bypassing the movable pulleys and the fixed pulleys on the corresponding support, the lower end of each suspension wire is connected with a counterweight piston, in the liquid storage cylinder upper portion that the counter weight piston gos deep into to correspond, every liquid storage cylinder lower extreme all communicates and has surveyed the pipe, sets up the float in surveying the pipe, and the liquid storage cylinder forms the linker with surveying the pipe, every the space packing that is located between float and the counter weight piston in the linker has water. The invention can accurately measure the deformation mode of the foundation pit and the deformation of each part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit deformation observation, in particular to a foundation pit deformation observation device.
Background
Most of foundation pit engineering excavation depth exceeds 5m or more than three layers (including three layers) of basement, or the depth does not exceed 5m, but geological conditions, surrounding environment, underground pipelines and complex engineering thereof are systematic engineering related to social safety and building engineering quality safety, middle-high-rise and high-rise buildings of urban construction are continuously emerged, the urban foundation pit engineering is developed to large depth and large area, the technical complexity is higher and higher, although concrete protection can be sprayed on the surface of the foundation pit, dangers such as foundation pit collapse, surrounding building inclination and even collapse and the like are often caused by uneven stress on the side wall of the foundation pit in the construction process around the foundation pit, the foundation pit deformation problem can be timely found through observation of the foundation pit, and early warning is carried out on construction.
Patent document with application number CN201911275109.5 discloses a foundation ditch deformation real-time monitoring system, includes a plurality of sensors that set up along foundation ditch edge length direction, and the sensor is connected with data processing apparatus, the sensor includes laser emitter, laser receiver and is located the pick-up plate between laser emitter and the laser receiver, the inspection hole has been seted up on the pick-up plate, and laser emitter and laser receiver monitor through the inspection hole, be connected with the suspension wire on the pick-up plate, the lower extreme of suspension wire is fixed on the pick-up plate, and the top at the foundation ditch is fixed to the upper end of suspension wire, the middle part of suspension wire is provided with a plurality of supports, and the support is fixed on the surface of foundation ditch.
When the foundation pit deforms, the lower part of the side wall is usually fixed, the upper part of the side wall inclines towards the center of the foundation pit, or the middle part of the side wall of the foundation pit protrudes towards the center of the foundation pit, and the structure can only reflect that the foundation pit deforms, but cannot accurately measure the deformation mode of the foundation pit and the deformation of each part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a foundation pit deformation observation device, aiming at solving the problem that the existing foundation pit deformation observation device cannot accurately measure the deformation mode and the deformation of each part of a foundation pit, and aiming at monitoring the surface of the foundation pit along the length direction of the edge of the foundation pit and accurately measuring the deformation mode and the deformation of each part of the foundation pit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a foundation pit deformation observation device comprises a plurality of observation units, wherein the observation units are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side wall of a foundation pit, and each observation unit comprises a shell and a plurality of measuring mechanisms;
the shell is spaced from the side wall of the foundation pit, a plurality of through holes are formed in the surface, facing the side wall of the foundation pit, of the shell, the through holes are arranged at intervals along the diagonal direction on the side face of the shell, a plurality of connecting rods are arranged in the shell and are horizontally opposite to the through holes one by one, the central axes of the horizontally opposite connecting rods and the through holes are perpendicular to each other, and a fixed pulley which is opposite to the through holes in the left and right is rotatably connected to each connecting rod;
the measuring mechanism comprises a support, a suspension wire, liquid storage cylinders and measuring tubes, wherein the support level of each measuring mechanism corresponds to a through hole on the shell, the support comprises a support rod and a support seat, the support seat is connected on the side wall of the foundation pit, one end of the support rod is connected with the support seat, the other end of the support rod is close to the through hole and is rotatably connected with a movable pulley, the upper ends of the suspension wires of the plurality of measuring mechanisms are connected with the inner top surface of the shell, the lower ends of the suspension wires bypass the corresponding fixed pulley and the movable pulley and are turned back again to form a pulley block downwards through the fixed pulley, the lower ends of the suspension wires are connected with counterweight pistons, the lower parts of the counterweight pistons extend into the upper parts of the corresponding liquid storage cylinders and are in sliding contact with the liquid storage cylinders, the lower ends of the liquid storage cylinders are communicated with transparent measuring tubes arranged on one side of the shell facing away from the foundation pit, measuring scale lines are arranged on the measuring tubes, and the lower ends of the liquid storage cylinders and the measuring tubes are connected with each other through communicating tubes to form a communicating tube, and floats are arranged in the measuring tubes, and water is filled in the space between the floats and the counterweight piston in each communicating vessel.
Further, survey buret and be connected with alarm mechanism, alarm mechanism includes battery, bee calling organ, wireless siren, sleeve pipe and probe, the sleeve pipe is transparent body, and the sleeve pipe suit is in the periphery of surveying buret, is connected with one end on the sleeve pipe and stretches into the sleeve pipe in and the probe of level orientation survey buret, and the positive pole of battery establishes ties wireless siren and bee calling organ through the wire, and the electricity is connected with a plurality of parallelly connected probes between the negative pole of bee calling organ and battery.
Furthermore, the floater is a cylindrical body made of polyethylene foam plastics, the outer wall of the floater is wrapped with a metal layer, the probe is a metal proximity switch, and the floater is positioned in the sleeve below the probe.
Further, the cross-sectional area of the interior of the liquid storage cylinder is integral multiple of the cross-sectional area of the interior of the measuring tube.
Further, the sleeve pipe is tightly in surveying buret lateral wall through the bolt top, be provided with the alarm scale mark on the sleeve pipe, the top of alarm scale mark is the zero scale of alarm scale mark, and the zero scale of alarm scale mark and the central axis of probe are on same horizontal plane.
Furthermore, an opening at the upper end of the measuring pipe is connected with a rain-proof cap.
Furthermore, the through hole is communicated with an extension pipe outside, the other end of the extension pipe faces the side wall of the foundation pit, and one end of the support rod with the movable pulley extends into the extension pipe.
Furthermore, one end of the extension pipe, which faces the side wall of the foundation pit, is provided with a wind shielding film, the wind shielding film is an elastic sheet-shaped body made of transparent materials, and the center of the wind shielding film is provided with a through hole for the support rod to pass through.
Further, the upper end of the floater is flush with the zero scale of the measuring scale mark, and the distance between the upper end of the communicating pipe and the zero scale of the measuring scale mark is larger than the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the liquid storage cylinder.
The foundation pit deformation observation device comprises the following steps:
A. an alarm mechanism is arranged, and the operation method comprises the following steps: loosening the bolt to move the sleeve upwards, making the scale value L millimeter alarm scale line and float upper end parallel and level, then screwing the bolt, fixing the sleeve, the formula of scale value L is:
L=2XY；
in the above formula, 2 is a constant; x is the ratio of the cross section area of the interior of the liquid storage cylinder to the cross section area of the interior of the measuring tube; y is a foundation pit deformation alarm value and the unit is millimeter;
B. numbering each observation unit and the measuring tube on each observation unit, observing the measuring tube each time, recording the scale value of the measuring scale mark corresponding to the upper end of the floater, and setting the scale value of the measuring scale mark corresponding to the upper end of the floater to be M ABC In millimeters;
C. the total deformation amount sigma of the side wall of the foundation pit at the corresponding position of each measuring pipe (6) ABC Is in millimeters, the calculation formula is:
Σ ABC =M ABC ÷2÷X；
in the above formula M ABC The subscript A is the number of the observation unit from front to back, the subscript B is the number of the measurement pipe on the observation unit A from front to back, and the subscript C is the number of the observation times; 2 is a constant; x is the ratio of the cross section area inside the liquid storage cylinder to the cross section area inside the measuring tube;
D. after each observation and recording is finished, if the deformation of the side wall of the foundation pit at the position corresponding to the measuring pipe is observed, the position of the sleeve on the measuring pipe corresponding to the deformed part of the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be adjusted until the alarm scale mark with the scale value of L millimeters is aligned with the upper end of the floater.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the foundation pit deforms, the support approaches the shell along with the side wall of the foundation pit, the lower end of the suspension wire moves downwards, the counterweight piston extends into the liquid storage cylinder, water is pressed to move towards the inside of the measuring pipe, the liquid level in the measuring pipe rises, the floater rises, the scale value of the measuring scale line corresponding to the upper end of the floater is directly observed through the transparent measuring pipe and the measuring scale lines on the measuring pipe, and the accurate value of the deformation of the foundation pit can be obtained through simple calculation.
The multiple measuring mechanisms of each observation unit can show the deformation state of the foundation pit in the height direction, the scale values of the measuring scale marks corresponding to the upper ends of the floats in the measuring pipes of the multiple measuring mechanisms of each observation unit are recorded, the deformation of the foundation pit can be accurately measured through simple calculation, the deformation state of the side wall of the foundation pit can be visually shown, the actual measurement basis is provided for the selection of the supporting mode and the supporting height, the supports of the multiple observation units on the same horizontal plane, the deformation range of the side wall of the foundation pit can be determined according to the scale values of the measuring scale marks corresponding to the upper ends of the floats in the measuring pipes, and the actual measurement basis is provided for the supporting length.
When the side wall of the foundation pit deforms, the liquid level in the measuring pipe rises, if the floater is detected by the probe, the buzzer sounds, the wireless alarm transmits an alarm signal, if the alarm sounds between two adjacent observations, the deformation of the foundation pit is aggravated, the observation times need to be increased, and construction accidents caused by untimely observation and early warning are prevented.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has higher pertinence and precision, not only shows that the deformation of the side wall of the foundation pit at different heights is measured, but also shows that different alarm values can be set for different positions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of a measurement tube of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention measuring tube in connection with a reservoir;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the bushing of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the housing of the present invention (right front view);
FIG. 8 is a wiring diagram of the battery, buzzer, wireless alarm and probe of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the wire winding of the suspension wire of the present invention on the movable pulley and the fixed pulley.
The reference numbers in the figures are: 1. a housing; 2. a through hole; 3. a support; 4. hanging wires; 5. a liquid storage cylinder; 6. a measurement tube; 7. a strut; 8. a support; 9. a movable pulley; 10. a counterweight piston; 11. measuring scale marks; 12. a float; 13. a storage battery; 14. a buzzer; 15. a wireless alarm; 16. a sleeve; 17. a probe; 18. a bolt; 19. alarm scale lines; 20. a connecting rod; 21. a fixed pulley; 22. an extension tube; 23. a wind-shielding film; 24. a tube support.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
it should be noted that directional terms used in the following description such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "bottom" and "top" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a foundation pit deformation observation device includes a plurality of observation units, the observation units are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side wall of the foundation pit, and each observation unit includes a housing 1 and a plurality of measuring mechanisms;
the shell 1 is a hollow cuboid, the lower ends of the left outer wall and the right outer wall of the shell 1 are respectively provided with a connecting plate, the connecting plates are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the foundation pit through foundation bolts, the shell 1 is vertical to the bottom surface of the foundation pit, a space is reserved between the shell 1 and the side wall of the foundation pit, a plurality of through holes 2 are arranged on the surface of the shell 1 facing the side wall of the foundation pit, the through holes 2 are arranged at intervals along the diagonal direction on the side surface of the shell 1, namely, a space is reserved between two adjacent through holes 2 in the vertical direction, a space is reserved between the two adjacent through holes 2 in the horizontal direction, a plurality of connecting rods 20 are arranged in the shell 1, two ends of each connecting rod 20 are respectively and fixedly connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the shell 1, the plurality of connecting rods 20 are respectively horizontally opposite to the plurality of through holes 2 one by one, the central axes of the horizontally opposite connecting rods 20 and the through holes 2 are mutually vertical, and each connecting rod 20 is rotatably connected with a fixed pulley 21 which is opposite to the through hole 2 in the left and right directions;
measuring mechanism includes support 3, suspension wire 4, liquid storage cylinder 5 and survey buret 6, every 3 level of measuring mechanism's support corresponds a through hole 2 on the casing 1, support 3 includes branch 7 and support 8, branch 7 is the body of rod, and support 8 is the plate body, and support 8 is connected on the foundation ditch lateral wall, and 7 one end of branch and support 8 are the vertical state and connect, the other end is close to through hole 2 and swivelling joint has movable pulley 9, support 8 is through built-in fitting fixed connection foundation ditch lateral wall, suspension wire 4 is the flexible rope body of nonelastic, and is a plurality of measuring mechanism's suspension wire 4 upper end is all connected at casing 1 internal top face, and corresponding fixed pulley 21 and movable pulley 9 are walked around to the lower extreme of suspension wire 4, is turned back again and is formed the assembly pulley downwards through fixed pulley 21, promptly: the fixed pulley 21 and the movable pulley 9 are both nylon pulleys, wherein the fixed pulley 21 is a double-groove nylon pulley, the movable pulley 9 is a single-groove nylon pulley, the lower end of the suspension wire 4 is wound below a groove positioned on the front side in two grooves of the fixed pulley 21 through the left side of the fixed pulley 21 and then is turned right, and is wound above the movable pulley 9 and then is turned left, and then is wound to the left side of the fixed pulley 21 and then is turned down through a groove positioned on the rear side in two grooves above the fixed pulley 21, the suspension wire 4 is in sliding contact with the fixed pulley 21 and the movable pulley 9, the lower end of each suspension wire 4 is connected with a counterweight piston 10, the counterweight piston 10 is composed of a metal cylinder (such as stainless steel, cast iron, copper or lead) and a rubber layer on the outer wall of the metal cylinder, the lower part of the counterweight piston 10 extends into the upper part of the corresponding liquid storage cylinder 5 and is in sliding contact with the liquid storage cylinder 5, the liquid storage cylinder 5 is a cylindrical body with an opening at the upper end, the lower extreme of liquid storage cylinder 5 is connected on the bottom surface in casing 1, and the central axis of liquid storage cylinder 5 and the 4 lower extremes of corresponding plumb line are on same straight line, and every liquid storage cylinder 5 lower extreme all communicates has installs the transparent survey buret 6 on casing 1 foundation ditch one side dorsad, survey buret 6 for upper end open-ended, vertical body that organic glass made, survey buret 6 and set up along casing 1 direction of height, survey buret 6 and connect on casing 1 lateral surface through upper and lower two pipe brackets 24, be provided with the measurement scale mark 11 of arranging from bottom to top on surveying buret 6, the lower extreme of measuring scale mark 11 is the zero scale of measuring scale mark 11, and the precision of measuring scale mark 11 is 1mm, and the unit is the millimeter, and liquid storage cylinder 5 lower extreme and survey buret 6 lower extreme form the communicating pipe through communicating pipe interconnect, are provided with float 12 in surveying buret 6, every the space that lies in the communicating pipe between float 12 and counter weight piston 10 is filled with water, the volume of water is larger than the volume of the measuring tube 6.
The cross-sectional area inside the reservoir 5 is an integer multiple of the cross-sectional area inside the measuring tube 6.
The sleeve 16 is provided with alarm scale marks 19 arranged from top to bottom, the uppermost end of the alarm scale marks 19 is a zero scale of the alarm scale marks 19, the precision of the alarm scale marks 19 is 1mm, the unit is millimeter, and the zero scale of the alarm scale marks 19 and the central axis of the probe 17 are on the same horizontal plane.
The upper end opening of the measuring pipe 6 is connected with a rain-proof cap, and the upper end opening of the measuring pipe 6 is communicated with the atmosphere.
The outside of the through hole 2 is communicated with an extension pipe 22, the other end of the extension pipe 22 faces the side wall of the foundation pit, and one end of the support rod 7 with the movable pulley 9 extends into the extension pipe 22.
One end of the extension pipe 22 facing the side wall of the foundation pit is provided with a wind shielding film 23, the wind shielding film 23 is an elastic sheet-shaped body made of transparent materials, and the center of the wind shielding film 23 is provided with a through hole for the support rod 7 to pass through.
The extension pipe 22 is matched with the wind shielding film 23 to reduce the air circulation in the shell 1, so that the air in the shell 1 is stable, and the observation accuracy is prevented from being influenced by windy weather.
The friction of the wind-blocking film 23 on the supporting rod 7, the dead weight of the counterweight piston, the friction between the counterweight piston and the liquid storage cylinder and the deformation force of the foundation pit are very small, can be ignored and do not influence the accuracy of measurement.
The storage battery 13, the buzzer 14 and the wireless alarm 15 are arranged on the top surface of the shell 1, and the storage battery 13, the buzzer 14 and the wireless alarm 15 are covered with protective covers.
The upper surface of the floater 12 is flush with the zero scale of the measuring scale line 11, and the distance between the upper end of the communicating pipe and the zero scale of the measuring scale line 11 is larger than the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the liquid storage cylinder 5.
The foundation pit deformation observation device comprises the following steps:
A. an alarm mechanism is arranged, and the operation method comprises the following steps: loosening the bolt 18 to move the sleeve 16 upwards to make the scale mark 19 with scale value of L mm level with the upper end of the float 12, then screwing the bolt 18 to fix the sleeve 16, wherein the calculation formula of the scale value L is as follows:
L=2XY；
in the above formula, 2 is a constant, and according to the movable pulley labor saving principle: the movable pulley is a lever with a power arm twice as large as a resistance arm, and 1/2 force is saved, so that the distance is 1 time more, the constant in the application is 2, and X is the ratio of the cross-sectional area inside the liquid storage cylinder 5 to the cross-sectional area inside the measuring pipe 6; y is a foundation pit deformation alarm value and the unit is millimeter;
the numerical value of Y is determined by a foundation pit design unit, or is determined by the material composition and the supporting mode of the side wall of the foundation pit according to a table 10.5.4-1 and a table 10.5.4-2 of foundation pit engineering technical regulations;
B. numbering each observation unit and the measuring tube 6 on each observation unit, observing the measuring tube 6 each time, recording the scale value of the measuring scale mark 11 corresponding to the upper end of the floater, and setting the scale value of the measuring scale mark 11 corresponding to the upper end of the floater to be M ABC In millimeters;
C. the total deformation amount sigma of the side wall of the foundation pit at the position corresponding to each measuring pipe 6 ABC Is in millimeters, the calculation formula is:
Σ ABC =M ABC ÷2÷X；
in the above formula M ABC In order to observe the scale value of the measurement scale mark 11 corresponding to the upper end of the floater, the subscript A is the number of the observation unit from front to back, the subscript B is the number of the measurement pipe on the observation unit A from front to back, the subscript C is the number of the observation times, and the value range of A is as follows: 1. 2, 3, n, B, the value range of B is as follows: 1. n, the value range of C is: 1. n; 2 is a constant, X is the ratio of the cross-sectional area inside the reservoir 5 to the cross-sectional area inside the measurement tube 6;
D. after each observation and recording is finished, if the deformation of the side wall of the foundation pit at the position corresponding to the measuring pipe 6 is observed, the position of the sleeve 16 on the measuring pipe 6 corresponding to the deformed part of the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be adjusted until the alarm scale mark 19 with the scale value of L mm is flush with the upper end of the floater 12.
According to the requirements of foundation pit engineering technical regulations, the initial data is measured before foundation pit engineering or foundation pit excavation, and the number of the initial data is not less than 3; and in the construction process, setting observation frequency according to a table 10.5.3 of foundation pit engineering technical regulation corresponding to working conditions, and determining alarm values according to a table 10.5.4-1 and a table 10.5.4-2 of the foundation pit engineering technical regulation, wherein if the observation is carried out once in 1-2 weeks, when the total deformation of the foundation pit reaches 40mm from the first observation, the construction needs to be pre-warned, before the total deformation of the foundation pit does not reach 40mm, when the obvious deformation of the foundation pit is observed, the observation is changed to once per day, and when the deformation of the foundation pit exceeds 2mm for three consecutive days, the construction needs to be pre-warned.
When the foundation pit warp, support 3 is close to casing 1 along with the foundation pit lateral wall, 4 lower extremes of suspension wire move down, make counter weight piston 10 go deep into liquid storage cylinder 5, oppress water and move to surveying buret 6 internal, the liquid level in surveying buret 6 rises, float 12 rises, survey the scale interval of the measurement scale interval 11 that float 12 corresponds through transparent survey buret 6 and survey the measurement scale interval 11 on the buret 6, only need patrol record and simple calculation, need not erect equipment such as total powerstation, the observation work that does not need complicated data processing just can realize the foundation pit warp.
In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area inside the reservoir 5 is 5 times the cross-sectional area inside the measuring tube 6.
The liquid storage cylinder 5 and the laborsaving principle of the inside cross sectional area proportion cooperation movable pulley of surveying pipe 6 can enlarge foundation ditch deformation numerical value, make the deformation survey more easily, for example, when the foundation ditch warp to 1.5mm, the liquid level in surveying pipe 6 can rise 1.5 x 2 x 5=15mm, if observe the record and measure between two times that the liquid level in surveying pipe 6 has risen 15mm, then, can through calculating out the foundation ditch deflection and be 15 ÷ 5 ÷ 2=1.5mm, that is to say: the invention enlarges the numerical value of the foundation pit deformation by 10 times.
The observation is more convenient, equipment such as a total station and the like does not need to be erected, measurement and calculation are not needed to be carried out for a long time each time, and observation personnel can complete observation work only by inspection and recording.
When the alarm value is set to 2mm, the numerical value of the deformation amount of the foundation pit is enlarged by 10 times based on the present invention, and therefore, the central axis of the probe 17 needs to be 20mm higher than the upper surface of the float, that is: loosening bolt 18, make sleeve pipe 16 rebound, make the central axis of probe 17 be higher than float upper surface 20mm, make 20 mm's of alarm scale mark 19 scale mark and float upper surface parallel and level, then screw bolt 18 again, fixed sleeve pipe 16, when the foundation ditch lateral wall warp, measure the interior liquid level of buret 6 and rise, float 12 is detected by probe 17 to the time, buzzer 14 rings, wireless siren 15 transmits alarm signal, if alarm rings appear between adjacent twice observation, explain the foundation ditch deformation aggravation, need increase observation frequency and number of times, prevent to appear the construction accident because the early warning of observation untimely.
The observation units are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side wall of the foundation pit, are not limited by the shape of the foundation pit and the inclination angle of the side wall of the foundation pit, and can accurately measure the deformation value of the foundation pit for the vertical side wall of the foundation pit and the inclined side wall of the foundation pit.
The probe 17 adopts an HL-M18-N8TC direct current 2-wire normally closed metal inductive proximity switch; the wireless alarm 15 adopts a wireless 4G full-network DTU module, and can send information to a mobile phone of an observer to prompt the observer to pay attention to the aggravation of foundation pit deformation.
When the foundation pit is excavated, material changes (such as a sand stone section, a clay section and a backfill section) can occur along the length direction of the side wall of the foundation pit, and soil layers (such as a sand soil layer, a soft soil layer and a gravel layer) can occur along the height direction of the side wall of the foundation pit, and the soil layers and the soft soil layer need different supporting modes, for example, an alarm value between two adjacent observations of a cement soil wall supporting area can be set to be 5mm, and an alarm value between two adjacent observations of a steel sheet pile supporting area can be set to be 2 mm.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of disclosure without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A foundation pit deformation observation device comprises a plurality of observation units, wherein the observation units are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side wall of a foundation pit, and each observation unit comprises a shell (1) and a plurality of measuring mechanisms;
a space is reserved between the shell (1) and the side wall of the foundation pit, a plurality of through holes (2) are formed in the surface, facing the side wall of the foundation pit, of the shell (1), the through holes (2) are arranged at intervals along the diagonal direction on the side face of the shell (1), a plurality of connecting rods (20) are arranged in the shell (1), the connecting rods (20) are horizontally opposite to the through holes (2) one by one, the central axes of the horizontally opposite connecting rods (20) and the through holes (2) are vertical to each other, and fixed pulleys (21) opposite to the through holes (2) in the left and right directions are rotatably connected to each connecting rod (20);
the measuring mechanism comprises a support (3), suspension wires (4), liquid storage cylinders (5) and measuring tubes (6), wherein each support (3) of the measuring mechanism horizontally corresponds to one through hole (2) in the shell (1), each support (3) comprises a support rod (7) and a support seat (8), the support seats (8) are connected to the side wall of the foundation pit, one end of each support rod (7) is connected with the support seat (8), the other end of each support rod is close to the corresponding through hole (2) and is rotatably connected with a movable pulley (9), the upper ends of the suspension wires (4) of the measuring mechanisms are connected to the inner top surface of the shell (1), the lower ends of the suspension wires (4) bypass corresponding fixed pulleys (21) and the movable pulleys (9) and turn back again to form pulley blocks downwards through the fixed pulleys (21), the lower ends of each suspension wire (4) are connected with counterweight pistons (10), the lower parts of the counterweight pistons (10) extend into the upper parts of the corresponding liquid storage cylinders (5) and are in sliding contact with the liquid storage cylinders (5), every liquid storage cylinder (5) lower extreme all communicates with and installs transparent survey buret (6) on casing (1) foundation ditch one side dorsad, survey and be provided with on buret (6) and measure scale mark (11), liquid storage cylinder (5) lower extreme and survey buret (6) lower extreme and form the communicating vessel through communicating pipe interconnect, are provided with float (12) in surveying buret (6), every the space packing that is located between float (12) and counter weight piston (10) in the communicating vessel has water.
2. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring pipe (6) is connected with an alarm mechanism, the alarm mechanism comprises a storage battery (13), a buzzer (14), a wireless alarm (15), a sleeve (16) and a probe (17), the sleeve (16) is a transparent pipe body, the sleeve (16) is sleeved on the periphery of the measuring pipe (6), the probe (17) with one end extending into the sleeve (16) and horizontally facing the measuring pipe is connected on the sleeve (16), the anode of the storage battery (13) is connected with the wireless alarm (15) and the buzzer (14) in series through a lead, and a plurality of parallel probes (17) are electrically connected between the cathode of the buzzer (14) and the cathode of the storage battery (13).
3. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 2, wherein the float (12) is a column made of polyethylene foam plastic, the outer wall of the float (12) is wrapped with a metal layer, the probe (17) is a metal proximity switch, and the float (12) is positioned in a sleeve (16) below the probe (17).
4. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross-sectional area inside the reservoir (5) is an integer multiple of the cross-sectional area inside the measuring pipe (6).
5. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 4, wherein the sleeve (16) is tightly pressed on the outer side wall of the measuring pipe (6) through a bolt (18), the sleeve (16) is provided with an alarm scale mark (19), the uppermost end of the alarm scale mark (19) is the zero scale of the alarm scale mark (19), and the zero scale of the alarm scale mark (19) is on the same horizontal plane with the central axis of the probe (17).
6. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end opening of the measuring pipe (6) is connected with a rain-proof cap.
7. The foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 1, wherein the through hole (2) is externally communicated with an extension pipe (22), the other end of the extension pipe (22) faces the side wall of the foundation pit, and one end of the support rod (7) with the movable pulley (9) extends into the extension pipe (22).
8. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 7, wherein the end of the extension pipe (22) facing the side wall of the foundation pit is provided with a wind shielding film (23), the wind shielding film (23) is an elastic sheet body made of transparent material, and the center of the wind shielding film (23) is provided with a through hole for the support rod (7) to pass through.
9. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 5, wherein the upper end of the floater (12) is flush with the zero scale of the measuring scale mark (11), and the distance between the upper end of the communicating pipe and the zero scale of the measuring scale mark (11) is larger than the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the liquid storage cylinder (5).
10. The foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 9, wherein the use method of the foundation pit deformation observation device comprises the following steps:
A. an alarm mechanism is arranged, and the operation method comprises the following steps: loosening the bolt (18), enabling the sleeve (16) to move upwards, enabling an alarm scale mark (19) with a scale value of L mm to be flush with the upper end of the floater (12), then screwing the bolt (18) and fixing the sleeve (16), wherein the calculation formula of the scale value L is as follows:
L=2XY；
in the above formula, 2 is a constant; x is the ratio of the cross section area inside the liquid storage cylinder (5) to the cross section area inside the measuring pipe (6); y is a foundation pit deformation alarm value and the unit is millimeter;
B. numbering each observation unit and the measuring tube (6) on each observation unit, observing the measuring tube (6) each time, recording the scale value of the measuring scale mark (11) corresponding to the upper end of the floater, and setting the scale value of the measuring scale mark (11) corresponding to the upper end of the floater to be M ABC In millimeters;
C. the total deformation amount sigma of the side wall of the foundation pit at the corresponding position of each measuring pipe (6) ABC Is in millimeters, the calculation formula is:
Σ ABC =M ABC ÷2÷X；
in the above formula M ABC The subscript A is the number of the observation unit from front to back, the subscript B is the number of the measurement pipe on the observation unit A from front to back, and the subscript C is the number of the observation times; 2 is a constant; x is the ratio of the cross section area inside the liquid storage cylinder (5) to the cross section area inside the measuring pipe (6);
D. after each observation and recording is finished, if the deformation of the side wall of the foundation pit at the position corresponding to the measuring pipe (6) is observed, the position of the sleeve (16) on the measuring pipe (6) corresponding to the deformed part of the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be adjusted until an alarm scale mark (19) with scale value of L mm is flush with the upper end of the floater (12).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115451796A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2022-12-09 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队) | Deformation detection device for dam soil slope |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108507526A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-07 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of foundation pit deformation measuring device and its measurement method |
| CN113074693A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江金穗工程勘察设计有限公司 | Deep basal pit deformation monitoring alarm device |
| KR102290183B1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-08-17 | 주식회사 이에스피 | System for monitoring a collapse of mine pit using ground deformation sensor |
| CN114136246A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Foundation pit deformation monitoring device and method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108507526A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-07 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of foundation pit deformation measuring device and its measurement method |
| KR102290183B1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-08-17 | 주식회사 이에스피 | System for monitoring a collapse of mine pit using ground deformation sensor |
| CN113074693A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江金穗工程勘察设计有限公司 | Deep basal pit deformation monitoring alarm device |
| CN114136246A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Foundation pit deformation monitoring device and method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115451796A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2022-12-09 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队) | Deformation detection device for dam soil slope |
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