CN114905297B - Automatic clamping and aligning system for special vehicle body and machining method for special vehicle body - Google Patents
Automatic clamping and aligning system for special vehicle body and machining method for special vehicle body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114905297B CN114905297B CN202210755721.8A CN202210755721A CN114905297B CN 114905297 B CN114905297 B CN 114905297B CN 202210755721 A CN202210755721 A CN 202210755721A CN 114905297 B CN114905297 B CN 114905297B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/069—Work-clamping means for pressing workpieces against a work-table
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
- B23Q3/082—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated hydraulically actuated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/02—Work clamping means
- B23Q2703/10—Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/12—Accessories for attaching
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic clamping and aligning system for a special vehicle body and a processing method of the special vehicle body, wherein the automatic clamping and aligning system for the special vehicle body comprises a base, a plurality of pressing devices, a plurality of horizontal supporting devices and a plurality of side jacking devices; the plurality of compressing devices are distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along the first direction; the plurality of horizontal supporting devices are distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along the first direction; the plurality of side jacking devices comprise a plurality of first side jacking devices and a plurality of second side jacking devices, the plurality of first side jacking devices are distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along the first direction, and the plurality of second side jacking devices are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along the second direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are disposed perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane. The automatic clamping and aligning system for the special vehicle body provided by the invention has the advantages of high automation degree, strong adaptability, time and labor saving in the aligning process and capability of effectively providing the processing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle body machining, in particular to an automatic clamping and aligning system for a special vehicle body and a machining method for the special vehicle body.
Background
At present, china is entering a high-quality development stage, and the requirements on the automation degree and the intelligent degree of a machine tool and a clamp thereof are higher and higher; because the special vehicle body has a complex structure, high processing difficulty and difficult implementation of processing procedures, and meanwhile, because the special vehicle body has various types and different structural dimensions, each vehicle body processing part is also different, and the traditional vehicle body clamping and aligning process needs to be completed manually, thereby being time-consuming and labor-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an automatic clamping and aligning system for a special vehicle body and a processing method for the special vehicle body, and aims to solve the problems that the existing special vehicle body clamping and aligning system is low in automation degree, poor in adaptability, time-consuming and labor-consuming in an aligning process and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an automatic clamping and aligning system for a special vehicle body, comprising:
A base;
the plurality of pressing devices are distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along the first direction;
the plurality of horizontal supporting devices are distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along the first direction; and
The plurality of side roof devices comprise a plurality of first side roof devices and a plurality of second side roof devices, the plurality of first side roof devices are distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of second side roof devices are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along a second direction;
Wherein the first direction and the second direction are disposed perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane.
Optionally, the number of the pressing devices is eight, the number of the horizontal supporting devices is twelve, the number of the side propping devices is eight, and the eight side propping devices comprise four first side propping devices and four second side propping devices;
The base has a first side and a second side disposed opposite in a first direction, and has a third side and a fourth side disposed opposite in a second direction;
Six horizontal supporting devices are arranged on the first side, six horizontal supporting devices are arranged on the second side, four pressing devices are arranged on the first side, four pressing devices are arranged on the second side, two first side propping devices are arranged on the first side, two first side propping devices are arranged on the second side, two second side propping devices are arranged on the third side, and two second side propping devices are arranged on the fourth side.
The invention also provides a processing method of the special vehicle body, which is based on the automatic clamping and aligning system of the special vehicle body, and the special vehicle body is provided with a front axle hole to be processed and a plurality of balance rod holes, and comprises the following steps:
Adjusting a plurality of horizontal supporting devices, and placing a special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices so that the special vehicle body is positioned on a horizontal plane;
Adjusting a plurality of first side roof devices to fix the special vehicle body in a first direction;
Adjusting a plurality of second side roof devices to fix the body of the special vehicle in a second direction;
adjusting a plurality of pressing devices to fix the special vehicle body on the base;
And sequentially machining the front axle hole and a plurality of balance rod holes.
Optionally, the processing fixture further comprises a position measurement probe, and the position measurement probe is arranged on the base;
the four horizontal supporting devices positioned at two ends of the base extending along the second direction are first supporting devices, and the rest are second supporting devices;
The step of adjusting the plurality of horizontal supporting devices to place the special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices so that the special vehicle body is positioned on a horizontal plane comprises the following steps of:
the height of any three first supporting devices in the four first supporting devices is adjusted to be higher than the height of the rest first supporting devices, and the special vehicle body is placed on the processing clamp;
Detecting the axis of a reference hole on the special vehicle by adopting the position measuring probe;
and adjusting the heights of the remaining first supporting devices and the eight second supporting devices until the heights are abutted with the bottom of the special vehicle body.
Optionally, the step of adjusting the height of any three of the four first supporting devices to be higher than the height of the remaining one first supporting device, and placing the special vehicle body on the processing fixture includes:
Any one of the three first supporting devices is adjusted to enable the height of the first supporting device to be higher than that of the other two first supporting devices, then the rest two first supporting devices are adjusted to enable the top ends of the three first supporting devices to be coplanar by taking the first supporting devices as datum points, and the special vehicle body is placed on the three first supporting devices;
And (3) the first supporting devices of the datum points are static, and the other two first supporting devices are adjusted until the special vehicle body is in a horizontal state.
Optionally, the processing fixture further comprises an alarm system, and the alarm system is electrically connected with the detection probe;
The step of detecting the axis of the reference hole on the special vehicle by using the position measuring probe comprises the following steps:
and when the axis deviation of the reference hole exceeds the machining requirement, the alarm system sends out an alarm signal.
Optionally, the step of adjusting the plurality of first roof side devices to fix the special vehicle body in the first direction includes:
Adjusting two first side propping devices positioned on the first side until the two first side propping devices are abutted against the special vehicle body, recording the extension length of an oil cylinder of one first side propping device, and adjusting the extension length of the oil cylinder of the other first side propping device to be the same;
and adjusting the two first side jacking devices positioned on the second side until the two first side jacking devices are abutted with the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the first direction.
Optionally, the step of adjusting the plurality of second side roof devices to fix the body of the special vehicle in the second direction includes:
Extending the oil cylinder of one side jacking device, and contracting the oil cylinders of the other three side jacking devices, so that the extended oil cylinder is abutted with the special vehicle body when the special vehicle body is placed on the processing clamp;
and adjusting the oil cylinders of the other three second side jacking devices until the oil cylinders are abutted with the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the second direction.
Optionally, each two pressing devices are arranged corresponding to one balance rod hole, each pressing device comprises a vertical oil cylinder and a horizontal oil cylinder, a first pressure head is arranged on the vertical oil cylinder, and a second pressure head is arranged on the horizontal oil cylinder;
The step of adjusting the plurality of pressing devices to fix the special vehicle body on the base and processing the special vehicle body comprises the following steps:
adjusting each pressing device to enable each pressing device to correspond to one balance rod hole;
Adjusting each vertical oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the special vehicle body so that the first pressure head is equal to the center of the balance rod hole;
Adjusting a horizontal oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the balance rod hole so that the second pressure head stretches into the balance rod hole;
and continuously adjusting the vertical oil cylinder and the horizontal oil cylinder until the special vehicle body is fixed on the base.
Optionally, the special vehicle body further comprises a speed reducer hole;
The step of processing the front axle hole and the plurality of balance bar holes in sequence comprises the following steps:
machining the front axle hole;
And the two pressing devices corresponding to the balance rod holes loosen the clamping of the balance rod holes, move to correspond to the speed reducer holes, clamp the speed reducer holes and process the balance rod holes.
According to the technical scheme, the plurality of horizontal supporting devices are matched with each other to adjust the special vehicle body to be in a horizontal state in a horizontal plane, then the plurality of first side jacking devices are matched with each other to align the special vehicle body in the first direction (namely, meet the processing technology requirement), then the special vehicle body is clamped in the first direction, then the plurality of second side jacking devices are matched with each other to align the special vehicle body in the second direction (namely, meet the processing technology requirement), and finally the plurality of pressing devices are matched with each other to fix the special vehicle body on the base.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an automatic truck body alignment system for a utility vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the horizontal support device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first roof apparatus of FIG. 1
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the second side roof device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the compressing apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the horizontal support devices of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a plurality of side roof devices of FIG. 1;
Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for processing a body of a special vehicle according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" as it appears throughout includes three parallel schemes, for example "A and/or B", including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
At present, china is entering a high-quality development stage, and the requirements on the automation degree and the intelligent degree of a machine tool and a clamp thereof are higher and higher; because the special vehicle body has a complex structure, high processing difficulty and difficult implementation of processing procedures, and meanwhile, because the special vehicle body has various types and different structural dimensions, each vehicle body processing part is also different, and the traditional vehicle body clamping and aligning process needs to be completed manually, thereby being time-consuming and labor-consuming.
In view of the above, the invention provides an automatic clamping and aligning system for a special vehicle body, and fig. 1 to 7 are an embodiment of the automatic clamping and aligning system for a special vehicle body, which is high in automation degree and adaptability, time-saving and labor-saving in the aligning process, and can effectively provide processing efficiency.
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic clamping and aligning system 100 for a special vehicle body comprises a base 1, a plurality of pressing devices 4, a plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2 and a plurality of side roof devices 3; the plurality of compacting devices 4 are distributed on two sides of the base 1 which are oppositely arranged along the first direction; the plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2 are distributed on two sides of the base 1 which are oppositely arranged along the first direction; the side roof devices 3 include a plurality of first side roof devices 31 and a plurality of second side roof devices 32, the plurality of first side roof devices 31 are distributed on two sides of the base 1 which are oppositely arranged along the first direction, and the plurality of second side roof devices 32 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the base 1 which are oppositely arranged along the second direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are disposed perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2 are mutually matched to adjust the special vehicle body to a horizontal state in a horizontal plane, then the plurality of first side jacking devices 31 are mutually matched to align the special vehicle body in the first direction (namely, meet the processing technology requirement), then the special vehicle body is clamped in the first direction, then the plurality of second side jacking devices 32 are mutually matched to align the special vehicle body in the second direction (namely, meet the processing technology requirement), and finally the plurality of compacting devices 4 are mutually matched to fix the special vehicle body on the base 1.
With continued reference to fig. 2, it should be noted that the number of the pressing device 4, the horizontal supporting device 2 and the side propping device 3 is not limited, as long as the alignment and clamping can be achieved, and as a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the number of the pressing device 4, the horizontal supporting device 2 and the side propping device 3 is 2n (n is greater than or equal to 2); further, in one embodiment, eight pressing devices 4 are provided, twelve horizontal supporting devices 2 are provided, eight side propping devices 3 are provided, and eight side propping devices 3 include four first side propping devices 31 and four second side propping devices 32; the base 1 has a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other in a first direction, and has a third side and a fourth side disposed opposite to each other in a second direction; six horizontal supporting devices 2 are mounted on the first side, six horizontal supporting devices 2 are mounted on the second side, four pressing devices 4 are mounted on the first side, four pressing devices 4 are mounted on the second side, two first side propping devices 31 are mounted on the first side, two first side propping devices 31 are mounted on the second side, two second side propping devices 32 are mounted on the third side, and two second side propping devices 32 are mounted on the fourth side. In this way, the automatic clamping and aligning system 100 for the special vehicle body can be suitable for vehicle types with different specifications, and the final machining precision can be ensured to meet the machining requirement.
The automatic clamping and aligning system 100 for the special vehicle body further comprises a control system, wherein the control system is electrically connected with each pressing device 4, each side jacking device 3 and each horizontal supporting device 2 and is used for controlling the movement of the pressing devices, the special vehicle body is fixed on the base 1 according to the process requirements, and the specific implementation mode of the control system is only required by referring to the conventional arrangement in the field and is not repeated herein.
Further, each pressing device 4 includes a first bottom plate, a first hydraulic motor, a first gear and a first rack pair, the first rack is fixedly mounted on the first bottom plate, the first rack extends longitudinally, the first gear is meshed with the rack, and the first hydraulic motor is connected with the first gear and is used for driving the first gear to move; in addition, a first absolute value encoder is further arranged on the first bottom plate and used for detecting the longitudinal position of the pressing device 4, and the specific structure and the control mode of the first absolute value encoder are set conventionally in the art and are not described in detail herein; in the vertical direction, the pressing device 4 further comprises a vertical oil cylinder, the vertical oil cylinder can move in the vertical direction, a pressing block is formed at the top end of the vertical oil cylinder, a first pressure sensor is further arranged on the pressing block and used for detecting pressure, the vertical oil cylinder is used for driving the pressing block to move so as to press the special vehicle body in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the pressing device 4 further comprises a first external displacement sensor and is used for detecting the position of the pressing block in the vertical direction; further, the pressing device 4 further comprises a transverse oil cylinder, a pressing head is formed on the transverse oil cylinder, the transverse oil cylinder drives the pressing head to move so that the pressing head can press the special vehicle body in the transverse direction, and in addition, the pressing device 4 further comprises a second external displacement sensor used for detecting the position of the pressing device 4 in the transverse direction. The specific structure and the control manner of the first external displacement sensor and the external displacement sensor are referred to the conventional setting manner in the art, and are not described in detail herein.
Each side roof device 3 comprises a second bottom plate, a second hydraulic motor, a second gear and a second gear pair, wherein the second gear pair is fixedly arranged on the second bottom plate, the second gear is meshed with the second gear pair, the second hydraulic motor is used for driving the second gear to move along the second direction, the side roof device 3 further comprises a second absolute encoder, the second absolute encoder is used for detecting the position of the side roof device 3 in the second direction, and the specific structure and the control mode of the second absolute encoder are set conventionally in the art and are not repeated herein. Further, the side roof device 3 further includes a first horizontal cylinder, a second pressure sensor or a third external displacement sensor is formed on the first horizontal cylinder, the side roof device 3 includes a first side roof device 31 and a second side roof device 32, the first side roof device 31 includes a longitudinal side roof block, the height of the longitudinal side roof block is higher than that of the other second side roof devices 32, and is 100mm different from the height of the shortest vehicle body step surface, the second side roof device 32 includes a vehicle body auxiliary guide block, and the vehicle body auxiliary guide block is used for ensuring that the characteristic vehicle body does not collide with each compacting device 4 when placed on the base 1.
Each horizontal supporting device 2 is used for leveling and supporting the special vehicle body; the horizontal supporting device 2 comprises a third bottom plate, a third hydraulic motor, a third gear and a third rack, wherein the third rack is arranged on the third bottom plate, the third gear is meshed with the third rack, and the third hydraulic motor is used for driving the third gear to interact; the horizontal supporting device 2 further includes a third absolute value encoder, the third absolute value encoder is used for detecting the position of the horizontal supporting device 2, and the specific structure and the control mode of the third absolute value encoder are set conventionally in the art, and are not described in detail herein. Further, each horizontal supporting device 2 further comprises a second horizontal oil cylinder and a supporting block, wherein the second horizontal oil cylinder is used for driving the supporting block to move so as to support the special vehicle body; further, part of the horizontal supporting device 2 further comprises a built-in position sensor, and part of the horizontal supporting device 2 further comprises a third pressure sensor; the built-in position sensor and the third pressure sensor are used for sensing the position of the special vehicle body; the horizontal supporting device 2 further comprises an inclined block, and the inclined block is arranged at the lower end of the supporting block so as to realize mechanical self-locking when the horizontal supporting device 2 levels the special vehicle body.
The invention also provides a processing method of the special vehicle body, which is based on the automatic clamping and aligning system 100 of the special vehicle body, wherein the special vehicle body is provided with a front axle hole to be processed and a plurality of balance rod holes, and referring to fig. 8, the processing method of the special vehicle body comprises the following steps:
Step S10, adjusting a plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2, and placing the special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2 so that the special vehicle body is positioned on a horizontal plane.
In this embodiment, the processing fixture further includes a position measurement probe, where the position measurement probe is disposed on the base 1; four horizontal supporting devices 2 positioned at two ends of the base 1 extending along the second direction are first supporting devices, and the rest are second supporting devices; referring to fig. 2 and 6, for convenience of description, the first supporting device and the second supporting device are numbered, wherein the first supporting device is number 1, number 2, number 3 and number 4 respectively; the remaining 8 second supporting devices are respectively 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, and the four first supporting devices are located at two ends of the base 1 in the second direction.
In the step S10, the following steps may be specifically performed:
And step S101, adjusting the height of any three of the four first supporting devices to be higher than the height of the rest first supporting devices, and placing the special vehicle body on the processing clamp.
In the embodiment, built-in position sensors are arranged on the first supporting device No.1, the first supporting device No. 2 and the first supporting device No. 3; the No. 4 first supporting device and the No. 5 to No.12 second supporting devices are third pressure sensors.
In the step S101, the following steps may be specifically performed:
step S1011, adjusting any one of the three first supporting devices to make the height of the first supporting device higher than that of the other two first supporting devices, and adjusting the remaining two first supporting devices by taking the first supporting device as a datum point to make the top ends of the three first supporting devices coplanar, and placing the special vehicle body on the three first supporting devices.
It should be noted that, during actual operation, different first supporting devices may be selected as supporting points according to actual situations, and specifically, in an embodiment, a first supporting device No. 1, a first supporting device No. 2, and a first supporting device No. 3 are selected as supporting points; in another embodiment, the first supporting device No. 1, the first supporting device No. 2 and the first supporting device No. 4 are selected as supporting points; in yet another embodiment, the number 2 first supporting device, the number 3 first supporting device and the number 4 first supporting device are selected as the supporting points.
For convenience of description, please continue to refer to fig. 2 and 6, in this embodiment, the number 1 first supporting device, the number 2 first supporting device and the number 3 first supporting device are selected as supporting points, and the heights of the three first supporting devices are adjusted so that the heights of the three first supporting devices are higher than the heights of the number 4 first supporting devices and the other second supporting devices, and meanwhile, the upper end surfaces of the number 1 first supporting device, the number 2 first supporting device and the number 3 first supporting device are all on one end surface, and the special vehicle body is placed on the base 1 (i.e., the number 1 first supporting device, the number 2 first supporting device and the number 3 first supporting device jointly support the special vehicle body at this time).
In this embodiment, the special vehicle body is supported by adopting the principle of three-point coplanarity, and meanwhile, the triangle has stability, so the first supporting device No. 1, the first supporting device No. 2 and the first supporting device No. 3 form a triangle supporting surface, and the special vehicle body can be stably mounted on the base 1.
Step S1012, the first supporting device serving as the reference point is stationary, and the remaining two first supporting devices are adjusted until the body of the special vehicle is in a horizontal state.
In the actual operation process, the reference point may be selected according to the actual situation and the processing requirement, specifically, the reference point may be the first supporting device No.1, the reference point may be the first supporting device No.2, and the reference point may be the supporting device No. 3.
For convenience of description, please continue to refer to fig. 2 and fig. 6, in this embodiment, the number 2 first supporting device and the number 3 first supporting device are adjusted with the number 1 first supporting device as a reference point until the special vehicle body is in a horizontal state.
And step S102, detecting the axis of the reference hole on the special vehicle by adopting the position measuring probe.
In this embodiment, the processing fixture further includes an alarm system, the alarm system is electrically connected with the detection probe, and the alarm system is used for detecting whether the special vehicle body is in a horizontal state.
It should be noted that, during actual operation, the special vehicle body may not be adjusted to a horizontal state due to the influence of factors such as environment, so that the special vehicle body needs to be detected, in this embodiment, the two front axle reference holes and the two rear axle reference holes of the special vehicle head are taken as detection objects, and whether the special vehicle body is in a balanced state is detected, specifically, during actual operation, step S102 may be performed by:
and S1021, when the axis deviation of the reference hole exceeds the machining requirement, the alarm system sends an alarm signal.
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the position measurement probe detects two front axle reference holes and two tail reference holes to obtain detection data, the detection data is fed back to the control system, the control system performs software calculation processing according to the detection data, calculates the space states of the two front axle reference holes and the two tail reference holes, and if the axis deviation of the reference holes exceeds the processing requirement, the alarm system gives an alarm, and the special vehicle body is not adjusted to be in a horizontal state at this time and needs to be adjusted again; and if the alarm system does not alarm, proving that the special vehicle body is in a horizontal state.
In the present invention, the horizontal state does not mean a state of being laid on a horizontal plane alone, and includes a state required in a process requirement (i.e., a state meeting a processing requirement).
Step S103, adjusting the heights of the remaining first supporting devices and the eight second supporting devices until the heights are in contact with the bottom of the special vehicle body.
In this embodiment, the first support device No. 4 and the second support devices No. 5 to 12 are adjusted until the third pressure sensor thereon contacts the special vehicle body, at which time the twelve horizontal support devices 2 support the special vehicle body together.
Step S20, adjusting a plurality of first roof side devices 31 to fix the body of the special vehicle in the first direction.
For convenience of description, four of the first side roof devices 31 are named A1 first side roof device, A2 first side roof device, A3 first side roof device, and A4 first side roof device.
In the step S20, the following steps may be specifically performed:
Step S201, adjusting two first side propping devices 31 positioned on the first side until the two first side propping devices 31 are abutted against the special vehicle body, recording the extension length of the oil cylinder of one first side propping device 31, and adjusting the extension length of the oil cylinder of the other first side propping device 31 to be the same;
Step S202, adjusting two first side roof devices 31 located on the second side until the two first side roof devices 31 are abutted to the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the first direction.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3 and 7, the first side propping device A1 and the first side propping device A2 are adjusted until the first side propping device A1 and the first side propping device A2 contact with the side surface of the special vehicle body, the production length of the oil cylinder of the first side propping device A1 is recorded, and the length of the first side propping device A2 is adjusted according to the production length of the oil cylinder of the first side propping device A1, so that the two are the same, and the alignment of the special vehicle body along the first direction is completed at the moment.
Further, the first horizontal cylinders of the first side jacking device A3 and the first side jacking device A4 are adjusted to enable the first horizontal cylinders of the first side jacking device A3 and the first side jacking device A4 to be in butt joint with the special vehicle body, when the first horizontal cylinders of the first side jacking device A3 and the first side jacking device A4 are in contact with the special vehicle body, a signal is sent by the second pressure sensor on the first horizontal cylinders, the first horizontal cylinders immediately stop moving, and the special vehicle body is fixed in the first direction.
The first horizontal cylinder is provided with a hydraulic lock for preventing the first horizontal cylinder from retreating.
And step S30, adjusting a plurality of second side roof devices 32 to fix the special vehicle body in a second direction.
For ease of description, four of the second side roof devices 32 are designated as B1 second side roof device, B2 second side roof device, B3 second side roof device, and B4 second side roof device.
In the step S30, the following steps may be specifically performed:
Step 301, extending an oil cylinder of one side jacking device 3, and contracting the oil cylinders of the other three side jacking devices 3, so that the extended oil cylinder is abutted with the special vehicle body when the special vehicle body is placed on the processing clamp;
Step S302, adjusting the cylinders of the other three second side roof devices 32 until the cylinders are abutted against the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the second direction.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 4 and 7, when the special vehicle is placed on the base, the second side roof device B1 is adjusted to extend the first horizontal cylinder on the second side roof device B1, and the first horizontal cylinders on the second side roof device B2, the second side roof device B3 and the second side roof device B4 are contracted; at this time, the special vehicle body is placed on the base 1 and is abutted against the elongated first horizontal cylinder, after the feature vehicle is aligned in the first direction, the first horizontal cylinders on the second side roof device 32B 2, the second side roof device 32B 3 and the second side roof device 32B 4 are elongated until being abutted against the special vehicle body, at the moment of contact, the second pressure sensor on the first horizontal cylinder sends out a signal, the first horizontal cylinder immediately stops moving, and the special vehicle body is fixed in the second direction.
Step S40, adjusting a plurality of pressing devices 4 to fix the special vehicle body on the base 1;
In this embodiment, each two pressing devices 4 are disposed corresponding to one of the balance rod holes, each pressing device 4 includes a vertical cylinder and a horizontal cylinder, a first pressing head is disposed on the vertical cylinder, and a second pressing head is disposed on the horizontal cylinder.
In performing step S40, it may be performed by:
Step S401, adjusting each pressing device 4, so that each pressing device 4 corresponds to one balancing rod hole;
Step S402, adjusting each vertical oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the body of the special vehicle so that the first pressure head is equal to the center of the balance rod hole in height;
step S403, adjusting a horizontal oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the balance rod hole, so that the second pressure head stretches into the balance rod hole;
and step S404, continuously adjusting the vertical oil cylinder and the horizontal oil cylinder until the special vehicle body is fixed on the base 1.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, two pressing devices 4 corresponding to each other in the first direction correspond to one of the balance bar holes, the pressing devices 4 are adjusted first, so that each two pressing devices 4 correspond to one of the balance bar holes, each vertical cylinder is adjusted, so that the first pressure head is at the same height as the center of the balance bar hole, then the horizontal cylinder is adjusted, so that the horizontal cylinder moves towards the direction close to the balance bar hole until the second pressure head is lifted into the balance bar hole, and finally the horizontal cylinder and the vertical cylinder are adjusted simultaneously until the special vehicle body is fixed on the base 1, thereby completing the fixation of the special vehicle body.
And S50, sequentially machining the front axle hole and a plurality of balance rod holes.
In this embodiment, the special vehicle body further includes a speed reducer hole.
In performing step S50, it may be performed by:
step S501, machining the front axle hole;
Step S502, the two pressing devices 4 corresponding to the balance bar holes loosen the clamping of the balance bar holes, move to correspond to the speed reducer holes, clamp the speed reducer holes, and process the balance bar holes.
In this embodiment, after the fixing of the special vehicle body is completed, a processing device is started to process a front axle hole of the special vehicle body, and after the front axle hole is processed, two pressing devices 4 close to the front axle hole loosen the pressing of the balance rod hole, move towards the direction close to the speed reducer hole, clamp the speed reducer hole according to the mode of step S40, and process the first balance rod hole; after the machining of the first balance bar hole is finished, the two pressing devices 4 for clamping the speed reducer hole move towards the direction close to the front axle hole, the two pressing devices 4 clamp the front axle hole, the two pressing devices 4 positioned at the second balance bar hole move towards the direction close to the first front axle hole and clamp the first front axle hole, at the moment, the second balance bar hole can be machined, and all the machining of the balance bar holes can be finished similarly.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a processing method of special vehicle automobile body of automatic dress card alignment system of special vehicle automobile body, the special vehicle automobile body has front axle hole and a plurality of balancing pole hole of waiting to process, its characterized in that, special vehicle automobile body automatic dress card alignment system includes:
A base;
the plurality of pressing devices are distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along the first direction;
the plurality of horizontal supporting devices are distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along the first direction; and
The plurality of side roof devices comprise a plurality of first side roof devices and a plurality of second side roof devices, the plurality of first side roof devices are distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of second side roof devices are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the base which are oppositely arranged along a second direction;
the first direction and the second direction are mutually perpendicular in a horizontal plane;
The processing method of the special vehicle body comprises the following steps:
Adjusting a plurality of horizontal supporting devices, and placing a special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices so that the special vehicle body is positioned on a horizontal plane;
Adjusting a plurality of first side roof devices to fix the special vehicle body in a first direction;
Adjusting a plurality of second side roof devices to fix the body of the special vehicle in a second direction;
adjusting a plurality of pressing devices to fix the special vehicle body on the base;
sequentially machining the front axle hole and a plurality of balance rod holes;
the pressing devices are eight, the horizontal supporting devices are twelve, the side jacking devices are eight, and the eight side jacking devices comprise four first side jacking devices and four second side jacking devices;
The base has a first side and a second side disposed opposite in a first direction, and has a third side and a fourth side disposed opposite in a second direction;
Six horizontal supporting devices are arranged on the first side, six horizontal supporting devices are arranged on the second side, four pressing devices are arranged on the first side, four pressing devices are arranged on the second side, two first side propping devices are arranged on the first side, two first side propping devices are arranged on the second side, two second side propping devices are arranged on the third side, and two second side propping devices are arranged on the fourth side;
The step of adjusting the plurality of first side roof devices to fix the special vehicle body in the first direction comprises the following steps:
Adjusting two first side propping devices positioned on the first side until the two first side propping devices are abutted against the special vehicle body, recording the extension length of an oil cylinder of one first side propping device, and adjusting the extension length of the oil cylinder of the other first side propping device to be the same;
adjusting two first side roof devices positioned on the second side until the two first side roof devices are abutted with the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the first direction;
The step of adjusting the plurality of second side roof devices to fix the body of the special vehicle in the second direction comprises the following steps:
extending the oil cylinder of one of the second side jacking devices, and contracting the oil cylinders of the other three second side jacking devices, so that the extended oil cylinder is abutted with the special vehicle body when the special vehicle body is placed on the special vehicle body automatic clamping and aligning system;
and adjusting the oil cylinders of the other three second side jacking devices until the oil cylinders are abutted with the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the second direction.
2. The method for processing the special vehicle body according to claim 1, wherein the special vehicle body automatic clamping and aligning system further comprises a position measuring probe, and the position measuring probe is arranged on the base;
the four horizontal supporting devices positioned at two ends of the base extending along the second direction are first supporting devices, and the rest are second supporting devices;
The step of adjusting the plurality of horizontal supporting devices to place the special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices so that the special vehicle body is positioned on a horizontal plane comprises the following steps of:
The height of any three first supporting devices in the four first supporting devices is adjusted to be higher than the height of the rest first supporting device, and the special vehicle body is placed on the automatic clamping and aligning system of the special vehicle body;
Detecting the axis of a reference hole on the special vehicle by adopting the position measuring probe;
and adjusting the heights of the remaining first supporting devices and the eight second supporting devices until the heights are abutted with the bottom of the special vehicle body.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of adjusting the height of any three of the four first supporting devices to be higher than the height of the remaining one first supporting device, and placing the special vehicle body on the automatic loading alignment system of the special vehicle body comprises:
Any one of the three first supporting devices is adjusted to enable the height of the first supporting device to be higher than that of the other two first supporting devices, then the rest two first supporting devices are adjusted to enable the top ends of the three first supporting devices to be coplanar by taking the first supporting devices as datum points, and the special vehicle body is placed on the three first supporting devices;
And (3) the first supporting devices of the datum points are static, and the other two first supporting devices are adjusted until the special vehicle body is in a horizontal state.
4. The method for processing the special vehicle body according to claim 2, wherein the automatic clamping and aligning system of the special vehicle body further comprises an alarm system, and the alarm system is electrically connected with the position measuring probe;
The step of detecting the axis of the reference hole on the special vehicle by using the position measuring probe comprises the following steps:
and when the axis deviation of the reference hole exceeds the machining requirement, the alarm system sends out an alarm signal.
5. The method for processing the body of the special vehicle according to claim 1, wherein each two pressing devices are arranged corresponding to one balance rod hole, each pressing device comprises a vertical oil cylinder and a horizontal oil cylinder, a first pressure head is arranged on the vertical oil cylinder, and a second pressure head is arranged on the horizontal oil cylinder;
The step of adjusting the plurality of pressing devices to fix the special vehicle body on the base and processing the special vehicle body comprises the following steps:
adjusting each pressing device to enable each pressing device to correspond to one balance rod hole;
Adjusting each vertical oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the special vehicle body so that the first pressure head is equal to the center of the balance rod hole;
Adjusting a horizontal oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the balance rod hole so that the second pressure head stretches into the balance rod hole;
and continuously adjusting the vertical oil cylinder and the horizontal oil cylinder until the special vehicle body is fixed on the base.
6. The method of manufacturing a specialty vehicle body of claim 5, further comprising a speed reducer aperture;
The step of processing the front axle hole and the plurality of balance bar holes in sequence comprises the following steps:
machining the front axle hole;
And the two pressing devices corresponding to the balance rod holes loosen the clamping of the balance rod holes, move to correspond to the speed reducer holes, clamp the speed reducer holes and process the balance rod holes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210755721.8A CN114905297B (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Automatic clamping and aligning system for special vehicle body and machining method for special vehicle body |
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| CN202210755721.8A CN114905297B (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Automatic clamping and aligning system for special vehicle body and machining method for special vehicle body |
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