CN114899825A - Power distribution network comprehensive optimization method based on network equivalent transformation - Google Patents

Power distribution network comprehensive optimization method based on network equivalent transformation Download PDF

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CN114899825A
CN114899825A CN202210413368.5A CN202210413368A CN114899825A CN 114899825 A CN114899825 A CN 114899825A CN 202210413368 A CN202210413368 A CN 202210413368A CN 114899825 A CN114899825 A CN 114899825A
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branch
network
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CN114899825B (en
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潘志远
赵义术
刘超男
李宏伟
任玉保
荆辉
贾涛
郑壮壮
李荣凯
郑鑫
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid of China Technology College
Shandong Electric Power College
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State Grid of China Technology College
Shandong Electric Power College
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a power distribution network comprehensive optimization method based on network equivalent transformation, which relates to the field of power distribution network optimization scheduling operation.

Description

Power distribution network comprehensive optimization method based on network equivalent transformation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optimized dispatching operation of a power grid, in particular to a comprehensive optimization method of a power distribution network based on network equivalent transformation.
Background
The comprehensive optimization of the power distribution network refers to decision switch distribution and state, the switching group number of capacitors and the output of a distributable power supply, line loss can be effectively reduced, voltage distribution is improved, and the economical efficiency and reliability of operation of the power distribution network are improved on the premise that the power distribution network is guaranteed to be in a radial structure.
At present, the comprehensive optimization of the power distribution network generally adopts an alternative solving method, namely, the optimized switching of a capacitor, the output of a schedulable distributed power supply and the reconstruction are alternately solved; or simultaneously solving by adopting an intelligent optimization algorithm. The alternating solution algorithm has the defects that the optimal or approximately optimal solution is difficult to obtain, and although the optimal solution can be obtained theoretically by the intelligent optimization algorithm, the calculation efficiency is low, and the real-time operation requirement is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a comprehensive optimization method for a power distribution network based on network equivalent transformation, which realizes simultaneous optimization of reconstruction, capacitor optimization switching and schedulable distributed power output, reduces the solving scale of the problem through the network equivalent transformation, improves the calculation efficiency and further meets the requirement of real-time scheduling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a comprehensive optimization method of a power distribution network based on network equivalent transformation is realized by the following steps:
step S1: inputting branch impedance, node load active and reactive power, branch number b and node number n of the power distribution network, closing all switches to form a few looped networks, inputting loop network number l, inputting threshold value epsilon and capacitor single-group susceptance b c Total number of groups n c Maximum active power of distributed power supply
Figure BDA0003604633210000011
Maximum reactive power
Figure BDA0003604633210000012
Step S2: calculating the current few-ring network power flow by adopting Newton-Raphson power flow to obtain the current of each branch;
step S3: let the iteration number it be 1, each node voltage be equal to the root node voltage, i.e. V k (it)＝V 1 ,k＝2,...,n；
Step S4: assuming that each looped network is connected with a virtual voltage source in series, under the condition of given voltage, establishing a secondary optimization model as follows:
Figure BDA0003604633210000021
BZI＝U S (2)
AI＝I S (3)
U＝ZI (4)
U S ＝Z L I L (5)
I lk ≤max{I kj ,j∈Ω k },k＝1,2,...,l (6)
where (i, j) represents the branch with i, j as the starting and end nodes, Ω bra Is a set of branches, r ij Is the resistance of the branch (I, j) | I ij I is the current amplitude of the branch (i, j), and B is an l multiplied by B order loop matrix; z ═ diag { Z ═ Z ij The branch impedance matrix is used, and I is a branch current vector; u shape S Is a series-connected imaginary voltage source vector, A is an (n-1) x b-order node branch incidence matrix, Z L Is a loop impedance matrix, I L Is a loop current vector, I S ＝{I s2 ,I s3 ,...,I sn Is a vector of current sources connected in parallel;
according to
Figure BDA0003604633210000022
Conversion to load, P Li ,Q Li Active and reactive loads, V, for node i i Is the voltage at node i;
according to
Figure BDA0003604633210000023
Conversion to scalable distributed generator active and reactive power, P Gi ,Q Gi Active power and reactive power of the distributed power supply can be adjusted for the node i;
according to
Figure BDA0003604633210000024
Conversion to parallel capacitors, Q ci Reactive power switched for node i capacitor, b ci For node i electricitySingle group susceptance, n, of a container ci The number of groups to be switched for the node i capacitor,
Figure BDA0003604633210000025
Figure BDA0003604633210000026
the maximum switching group number of the node i capacitor is set;
according to the formula (1-6), the current few-looped network is optimized and calculated to obtain the ith iterative virtual voltage source U S (it), loop current vector I L (it) and the number n of capacitor switching groups ci And the output P of the distributable power supply can be regulated Gi ,Q Gi 。
Step S5: u obtained according to the it iteration S (it), each node voltage V of the ith +1 iteration of Newton power flow calculation k (it+1)，k＝2,...,n；
Step S6: if max | V k (it+1)-V k (it) | ≦ epsilon, k ═ 1, 2., n, steering to step S7; otherwise, let it be it +1, go to step S4;
step S7: for each branch in the ring network, calculating the sum of the branch current obtained in the step S2 and the loop current of the same loop obtained in the step S3, and selecting the branch in the ring network with the smallest modulus value to be disconnected, so that l is l-1;
step S8: if l is equal to 0, go to step S6; otherwise, go to step S2;
step S9: and outputting the disconnected branch circuits, the capacitor switching group number and the schedulable distributed power output, and ending.
The invention reduces the solving scale of the comprehensive optimization problem of the power distribution network based on a network equivalent transformation method, firstly, a Newton-Raphson method is adopted to carry out load flow calculation on less ring networks to obtain the current of each branch, then, each ring network is supposed to be connected with an ideal voltage source in series, a secondary optimization model is established under the condition of given voltage, and finally, iterative solution is carried out on the disconnected branch, the number of capacitor switching groups and the output of the schedulable distributed power supply, so that the calculating efficiency is improved, the simultaneous optimization of reconstruction, capacitor optimization switching and the schedulable distributed power supply output is realized, the defects of the existing method are overcome, the practical operation requirement is practically met, and the comprehensive optimization of the power distribution network has important theoretical and practical significance.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic node diagram according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic node diagram according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1, a power distribution network comprehensive optimization method based on network equivalent transformation is implemented by the following steps:
step S1: inputting branch impedance, node load active and reactive power, branch number b and node number n of the power distribution network, closing all switches to form a few looped networks, inputting loop network number l, inputting threshold value epsilon and capacitor single-group susceptance b c Total number of groups n c Maximum active power of distributed power supply
Figure BDA0003604633210000031
Maximum reactive power
Figure BDA0003604633210000032
Step S2: calculating the current few-ring network power flow by adopting Newton-Raphson power flow to obtain the current of each branch;
step S3: let the iteration number it be 1, each node voltage be equal to the root node voltage, i.e. V k (it)＝V 1 ,k＝2,...,n；
Step S4: assuming that each looped network is connected with a virtual voltage source in series, under the condition of given voltage, establishing a secondary optimization model as follows:
Figure BDA0003604633210000041
BZI＝U S (2)
AI＝I S (3)
U＝ZI (4)
U S ＝Z L I L (5)
I lk ≤max{I kj ,j∈Ω k },k＝1,2,...,l (6)
where (i, j) represents the branch with i, j as the starting and end nodes, Ω bra Is a set of branches, r ij Is the resistance of the branch (I, j) | I ij I is the current amplitude of the branch (i, j), and B is an l multiplied by B order loop matrix; z ═ diag { Z ═ Z ij The branch impedance matrix is used, and I is a branch current vector; u shape S Is a series-connected imaginary voltage source vector, A is an (n-1) x b-order node branch incidence matrix, Z L Is a loop impedance matrix, I L Is a loop current vector, I S ＝{I s2 ,I s3 ,...,I sn Is a vector of current sources connected in parallel;
according to
Figure BDA0003604633210000042
Conversion to load, P Li ,Q Li Active and reactive loads, V, for node i i Is the voltage at node i;
according to
Figure BDA0003604633210000043
Conversion to scalable distributed generator active and reactive power, P Gi ,Q Gi Active power and reactive power of the distributed power supply can be adjusted for the node i;
according to
Figure BDA0003604633210000044
Conversion to parallel capacitors, Q ci Reactive power switched for node i capacitor, b ci For a single set of susceptances, n, of node i capacitors ci The number of groups to be switched for the node i capacitor,
Figure BDA0003604633210000045
Figure BDA0003604633210000046
the maximum switching group number of the node i capacitor is set;
according to the formula (1-6), the current few-looped network is optimized and calculated to obtain the ith iterative virtual voltage source U S (it) Loop Current vector I L (it) and the number n of capacitor switching groups ci And the output P of the distributable power supply can be regulated Gi ,Q Gi 。
Step S5: u obtained according to the it iteration S (it), each node voltage V of the ith +1 iteration of Newton power flow calculation k (it+1)，k＝2,...,n；
Step S6: if max | V k (it+1)-V k (it) | ≦ epsilon, k ═ 1, 2., n, steering to step S7; otherwise, let it be it +1, go to step S4;
step S7: for each branch in the ring network, calculating the sum of the branch current obtained in the step S2 and the loop current of the same loop obtained in the step S3, and selecting the branch in the ring network with the smallest modulus value to be disconnected, so that l is l-1;
step S8: if l is equal to 0, go to step S6; otherwise, go to step S2;
step S9: and outputting the disconnected branch circuits, the switching group number of the capacitors and the output of the schedulable distributed power supply, and ending.
Embodiment 1 takes the IEEE33 node standard system shown in fig. 2 as an example.
Step S1: the input parameters are as follows: the network has 37 branches, 5 interconnection switches, rated voltage of 12.66kV, ring network number of 5, threshold value of 0.001, branch parameters in table 1, capacitor parameters in table 2, load parameters in table 3 and schedulable generator parameters in table 4.
TABLE 1 Branch parameter Table
Figure BDA0003604633210000051
Figure BDA0003604633210000061
TABLE 2 parameter table of capacitor
Figure BDA0003604633210000062
TABLE 3 load parameter Table
Figure BDA0003604633210000063
Table 4 installation position and capacity of schedulable distributed power supply
Figure BDA0003604633210000064
Figure BDA0003604633210000071
Steps S2-S8:
the IEEE33 node network has 5 rings, 5 times of iterative computation is needed in the algorithm, and the following table shows the disconnection branch and the optimized network loss determined by each iterative computation.
TABLE 5 opening Ring sequence
Opening the loop sequence Disconnect switch Optimized network loss
1 11 23.52
2 33 23.56
3 17 23.62
4 22 23.85
5 14 24.19
TABLE 6 results of calculation and comparison
Figure BDA0003604633210000072
As can be seen from Table 6, the method of the invention reduces 55.05% of the time of the alternating iteration algorithm, and reduces 99.09% of the time of the algorithm which can only be optimized, thereby obviously improving the calculation efficiency.
Embodiment 2 takes the IEEE69 node standard system shown in fig. 3 as an example.
Step S1: the input parameters are as follows: the network has 73 branches, 5 tie switches, rated voltage of 12.66kV, number of ring networks of 5, threshold value of 0.001, branch parameters in table 7, capacitor parameters in table 8, load parameters in table 9, and adjustable generator parameters in table 10.
TABLE 7 Branch parameter Table
Figure BDA0003604633210000073
Figure BDA0003604633210000081
Figure BDA0003604633210000091
TABLE 8 capacitor parameters
Figure BDA0003604633210000092
TABLE 9 load parameters
Figure BDA0003604633210000093
TABLE 10 schedulable installation location and Capacity of distributed Power supplies
Figure BDA0003604633210000094
Figure BDA0003604633210000101
Steps S2-S8:
the IEEE69 node network has 5 loops, 5 times of iterative computations are required in the computations, and the broken branch determined by each iterative computation and the optimized network loss are given below.
TABLE 11 opening Ring sequence
Figure BDA0003604633210000102
TABLE 12 results of calculation and comparison
Item The method of the invention Alternate iteration method
Number of broken branch 10,13,17,52,73 10,13,18,53,73
Node 38 active (MW) 0.817 0.818
Node 38 reactive (Mvar) 0.579 0.579
Node 50 active (MW) 1.92 1.89
Node 50 reactive (Mvar) 0.911 0.92
Number of sets put into node 19 6 6
Number of sets of nodes 47 3 3
Number of sets put into node 52 8 7
Loss of network (kW) 8.71 8.76
Calculating time (seconds) 1.8 6.3
As can be seen from Table 12, the time of the method of the present invention is reduced by 71.43% compared with the time of the alternate iteration algorithm, the calculation efficiency is obviously improved, and the real-time scheduling requirement is satisfied.
The above embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the computing arts can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should fall within the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.

Claims (1)

1. A power distribution network comprehensive optimization method based on network equivalent transformation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: inputting branch impedance, node load active and reactive power, branch number b and node number n of the power distribution network, closing all switches to form a few looped networks, inputting loop network number l, inputting threshold value epsilon and capacitor single-group susceptance b c Total number of groups n c Maximum active power of distributed power supply
Figure FDA0003604633200000011
Maximum reactive power
Figure FDA0003604633200000012
Step S2: calculating the current few-ring network power flow by adopting Newton-Raphson power flow to obtain the current of each branch;
step S3: make the number of iterationsWith it equal to 1, each node voltage being equal to the root node voltage, i.e. V k (it)＝V 1 ,k＝2,...,n；
Step S4: assuming that each ring network is connected with a virtual voltage source in series, under the condition of given voltage, establishing a secondary optimization model as follows:
Figure FDA0003604633200000013
BZI＝U S (2)
AI＝I S (3)
U＝ZI (4)
U S ＝Z L I L (5)
I lk ≤max{I kj ,j∈Ω k },k＝1,2,...,l (6)
where (i, j) represents the branch with i, j as the starting and end nodes, Ω bra Is a set of branches, r ij Is the resistance of the branch (I, j) | I ij I is the current amplitude of the branch (i, j), and B is an l multiplied by B order loop matrix; z ═ diag { Z ═ Z ij The branch impedance matrix is used, and I is a branch current vector; u shape S Is a series-connected imaginary voltage source vector, A is an (n-1) x b-order node branch incidence matrix, Z L Is a loop impedance matrix, I L Is a loop current vector, I S ＝{I s2 ,I s3 ,...,I sn Is a vector of current sources connected in parallel;
according to
Figure FDA0003604633200000014
Conversion to load, P Li ,Q Li Active and reactive loads, V, for node i i Is the voltage at node i;
according to
Figure FDA0003604633200000015
Conversion to schedulable degreeActive and reactive power, P, of distributed generator Gi ,Q Gi Active power and reactive power of the distributed power supply can be adjusted for the node i;
according to
Figure FDA0003604633200000021
Conversion to parallel capacitors, Q ci Reactive power switched for node i capacitor, b ci For a single set of susceptances, n, of node i capacitors ci The number of groups to be switched for the node i capacitor,
Figure FDA0003604633200000022
Figure FDA0003604633200000023
the maximum switching group number of the node i capacitor is set;
according to the formula (1-6), the current few-looped network is optimized and calculated to obtain the ith iterative virtual voltage source U S (it), loop current vector I L (it) and the number n of capacitor switching groups ci And the output P of the distributed power supply can be regulated Gi ,Q Gi 。
Step S5: u obtained according to the it iteration S (it), Newton power flow calculates voltage V of each node of the (it + 1) th iteration k (it+1)，k＝2,...,n；
Step S6: if max | V k (it+1)-V k (it) | ≦ epsilon, k ═ 1, 2., n, steering to step S7; otherwise, let it be it +1, go to step S4;
step S7: for each branch in the ring network, calculating the sum of the branch current obtained in the step S2 and the loop current of the same loop obtained in the step S3, and selecting the branch in the ring network with the smallest modulus value to be disconnected, so that l is l-1;
step S8: if l is equal to 0, go to step S6; otherwise, go to step S2;
step S9: and outputting the disconnected branch circuits, the switching group number of the capacitors and the output of the schedulable distributed power supply, and ending.
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