CN114893511B - Flange assembly, speed reducer efficiency testing device and testing method - Google Patents
Flange assembly, speed reducer efficiency testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114893511B CN114893511B CN202210499244.3A CN202210499244A CN114893511B CN 114893511 B CN114893511 B CN 114893511B CN 202210499244 A CN202210499244 A CN 202210499244A CN 114893511 B CN114893511 B CN 114893511B
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003781 tooth socket Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D7/00—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock
- F16D7/02—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock of the friction type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/028—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a flange assembly, a speed reducer efficiency testing device and a testing method. The flange assembly includes: a flange body; an intermediate gear; a base; the flange body and the base are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the flange body, the flange body and the base are in butt joint, a gear installation cavity is formed at the butt joint position, the intermediate gear is arranged in the gear installation cavity, and the flange body and the base transmit torque through the intermediate gear. The flange component of the technical scheme of the invention can reduce vibration in the torque transmission process of the motor, reduce power fluctuation and improve measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle testing, in particular to a flange assembly, a speed reducer efficiency testing device and a testing method.
Background
In recent years, new energy automobiles represented by electric automobiles are rapidly developed, the core part of the new energy automobiles is a motor drive system, and the trend of integration of the motor drive system is started to appear along with the gradual maturity of the performance reliability of components. More and more manufacturers have introduced three-in-one electric drive systems that integrate inverters, motors, and reducers. With the advent of three-in-one electro-drive systems, the manner of testing was also changing. The three-in-one electric drive system belongs to a newer architecture, and the testing method is also different from the traditional efficiency test to a certain extent.
The traditional mode of testing the efficiency of the speed reducer is as follows: and testing the single speed reducer by using three dynamometers in the traditional scheme, namely simulating a vehicle-mounted motor by using one driving motor, simulating the vehicle load by using two load motors, and testing and calculating the single speed reducer efficiency.
At present, most of the test modes for the efficiency of the speed reducer monomer in the three-in-one electric drive system are as follows: and (3) testing the whole electric drive speed reducer assembly, measuring the efficiency of the system assembly, and deducting the efficiency of the vehicle-mounted motor through test calculation so as to obtain the efficiency of the speed reducer unit.
Because the electric drive speed reducer assembly does not have a speed reducer input torque sensor, accurate speed reducer input torque values cannot be acquired, when some test systems are tested, current signals acquired by the data acquisition module are often converted into torque signals of the vehicle-mounted motor end, the torque signals are directly transmitted to an upper system, mechanical power is obtained through calculation, and then electric power is obtained from the power analyzer, so that system efficiency is calculated, and the method is easy to generate larger errors. And when the electric drive system is in a speed-up and speed-down state or a high rotating speed state, the electric drive system can vibrate, torque signals can fluctuate, so that power fluctuation is large, unreasonable conditions can occur in efficiency values, and large errors are easy to produce as a result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a flange assembly, a speed reducer efficiency testing device and a testing method, which can reduce vibration in the torque transmission process of a motor, reduce power fluctuation and improve measurement accuracy.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a flange assembly comprising: a flange body; an intermediate gear; a base; the flange body and the base are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the flange body, the flange body and the base are in butt joint, a gear installation cavity is formed at the butt joint position, the intermediate gear is arranged in the gear installation cavity, and the flange body and the base transmit torque through the intermediate gear.
Further, the flange body includes a plurality of first driving teeth, and the base includes a plurality of second driving teeth, and first driving teeth and second driving teeth are arranged along circumference in turn and interval, form the tooth's socket between first driving teeth and the second driving teeth, and the intermediate gear includes along circumference interval's external tooth, and the external tooth sets up in the tooth's socket.
Further, the tooth side of the external tooth is a convex cambered surface, the tooth side of the first transmission tooth and the tooth side of the second transmission tooth are concave cambered surfaces, the convex cambered surfaces are attached to the concave cambered surfaces, and relative rotation among the flange body, the base and the intermediate gear does not occur.
Further, the flange body and the base are in non-contact fit.
Further, a first end of the intermediate gear is in contact with the flange body and a second end of the intermediate gear is in contact with the base, the intermediate gear defining an axial spacing of the base and the flange body.
Further, the intermediate gear is a nylon gear.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speed reducer efficiency test apparatus including: a driving motor; the torque transmission mechanism comprises the flange assembly; and the driving motor transmits torque to the reducer to be tested through the flange component of the torque transmission mechanism.
Further, the torque transmission mechanism further comprises a bearing seat and a torque sensor, wherein the two ends of the bearing seat are respectively provided with a support bearing, the torque sensor is connected with the support bearings at the two ends, the support bearing at the first end is connected with the driving motor through one flange component, and the support bearing at the second end is connected with the speed reducer to be tested through the other flange component; and/or the damage torque of the intermediate gear is smaller than that of the reducer to be tested.
Further, the reducer efficiency testing device further comprises a mounting seat, and the bearing seat is mounted on the mounting seat and can adjust the axial and/or radial position relative to the driving motor.
Further, a vibration sensor is arranged on the bearing seat and is used for detecting vibration signals at two ends of the bearing seat.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a reduction of a speed reducer efficiency test apparatus as described aboveThe method for testing the efficiency of the speed device comprises the following steps: obtaining output torque T of a reducer to be tested o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Acquiring input torque T of to-be-tested speed reducer by using torque sensor of torque transmission mechanism i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Acquiring an input rotation speed n of a speed reducer to be tested i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining the output rotating speed n of the speed reducer to be tested o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to T o 、T i 、n i N is as follows o And calculating the transmission efficiency of the reducer to be tested.
Further, the output torque T of the speed reducer to be tested is obtained o The steps of (a) further comprise: detecting vibration signals at two ends of a bearing seat; when the vibration value of the vibration signal is smaller than X1 and the fluctuation is not more than + -5 Nm, obtaining the output torque T of the reducer to be tested o Is carried out by a method comprising the steps of.
By adopting the technical scheme, the flange body, the base and the intermediate gear are in butt joint to form the gear installation cavity, the intermediate gear is installed in the gear installation cavity, torque is transmitted between the flange body and the base through the intermediate gear, a split structure is formed among the flange body, the intermediate gear and the base, a gap exists between the flange body and the base, the output end of the driving motor and the torque input end of the speed reducer to be detected are both connected with the flange body, when the driving motor or the speed reducer to be detected is in a high-rotating-speed running state or a rotating-speed rapid changing stage, generated mechanical vibration is transmitted to the flange body and then transmitted to the intermediate gear, the intermediate gear can bear impact caused by the mechanical vibration, the intermediate gear can absorb the vibration, so that the impact is reduced, the driving motor and the speed reducer to be detected are protected, the influence of the driving motor end and the speed reducer end to be detected on the torque sensor is reduced, the acquired input torque of the speed reducer is more accurate, and the accuracy of the transmission efficiency test result of the speed reducer to be detected is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a speed reducer efficiency test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a partial enlarged view at A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 illustrates an exploded view of a flange assembly of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural view of an intermediate gear of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates a flow chart of a method of testing the efficiency of a retarder in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; and
fig. 6 shows a flowchart of the pre-steps of a method of testing the efficiency of a decelerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10. A flange body; 11. a bearing seat; 12. a torque sensor; 13. a support bearing; 14. a mounting base; 15. a vibration sensor; 16. a bump; 17. a work table; 18. a first load dynamometer; 19. a second load dynamometer; 20. an intermediate gear; 21. a hub; 22. a first half shaft; 23. a second half shaft; 24. an anchor bolt; 25. an inverter; 26. a first mobile device; 27. a second mobile device; 28. a central bore; 30. a base; 31. a first vertical plate; 32. a second vertical plate; 33. a slide; 34. a cross beam; 35. a first groove; 36. a second groove; 37. a first screw; 38. a second screw; 39. a first fixing seat; 40. a first drive tooth; 41. the second fixing seat; 50. a second drive tooth; 60. external teeth; 61. a convex cambered surface; 70. a concave cambered surface; 80. a driving motor; 90. a speed reducer to be tested.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring now to fig. 1-4 in combination, the present invention provides a flange assembly comprising: a flange body 10; an intermediate gear 20; a base 30; the flange body 10 and the base 30 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the flange body 10, the flange body 10 and the base 30 are in butt joint, a gear installation cavity is formed at the butt joint position, the intermediate gear 20 is arranged in the gear installation cavity, and the flange body 10 and the base 30 transmit torque through the intermediate gear 20.
In the above technical scheme, the flange body 10 and the base 30 are in butt joint and form a gear installation cavity at the butt joint position, the intermediate gear 20 is arranged in the gear installation cavity, the flange body 10 and the base 30 transmit torque through the intermediate gear 20, a split structure is formed between the flange body 10 and the intermediate gear 20 and the base 30, a gap exists between the flange body 10 and the base 30, the output end of the driving motor 80 and the torque input end of the speed reducer to be detected are both connected with the flange body 10, when the driving motor 80 or the speed reducer 90 to be detected is in a high-speed running state or a speed rapid change stage, generated mechanical vibration is transmitted to the flange body 10, and then transmitted to the intermediate gear 20 from the flange body 10, the intermediate gear 20 can bear impact caused by the mechanical vibration, the intermediate gear 20 can absorb the vibration and slow down the impact, so that the driving motor 80 and the speed reducer 90 to be detected are protected, the influence of the driving motor end and the speed reducer to be detected on the torque sensor 12 is reduced, the acquired input torque of the speed reducer is more accurate, and the accuracy of the transmission efficiency test result of the speed reducer to be detected is improved.
In addition, because the flange assembly adopts split type structure, consequently bear moment of torsion and play the intermediate gear 20 of cushioning effect can adopt the material different with base 30 and flange body 10 for intermediate gear 20 can play better cushioning effect, in addition, can also utilize intermediate gear 20 to restrict the impact that big moment of torsion caused to the reduction gear 90 that awaits measuring, when the moment of torsion that conveys to the reduction gear 90 that awaits measuring is too big, when not reaching the limit moment of torsion that can bear of reduction gear 90 that awaits measuring, can reach the limit moment of torsion that intermediate gear 20 can bear earlier, make intermediate gear 20 take place to damage, thereby in time stop the test, avoid causing the damage to the reduction gear 90 that awaits measuring, effectively protect reduction gear 90 that awaits measuring. Since the intermediate gear 20 has an independent structure with respect to the base 30 and the flange body 10, only the intermediate gear 20 can be replaced when the intermediate gear 20 is damaged, and the replacement cost can be reduced and the replacement efficiency can be improved.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the intermediate gear 20 may perform simulation verification of parameters such as gear strength and gear number according to actual test requirements, and the structures of the base 30 and the flange body 10 may be manufactured according to the parameters of the intermediate gear 20, so that the base 30 and the flange body 10 may be matched with the intermediate gear 20.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the flange body 10 includes a plurality of first driving teeth 40, the base 30 includes a plurality of second driving teeth 50, the first driving teeth 40 and the second driving teeth 50 are alternately and alternately arranged in a circumferential direction, tooth spaces are formed between the first driving teeth 40 and the second driving teeth 50, the intermediate gear 20 includes external teeth 60 arranged in the circumferential direction at intervals, and the external teeth 60 are disposed in the tooth spaces.
With the above arrangement, the external teeth 60 can rotate circumferentially in the tooth grooves, and torque is transmitted.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the configuration of the tooth socket is adapted to the configuration of the external teeth 60, so as to prevent the external teeth 60 from moving in the tooth socket, and thus, torque cannot be transmitted well. The meshing gap between the external teeth 60 and the first and second transmission teeth 40 and 50 is 0.2-0.3 mm, so that the external teeth 60 can be prevented from being excessively deformed due to thermal expansion and contraction and cannot be reused, and the assembly of the intermediate gear 20 and the base 30 is convenient, so that the influence on the transmission stability caused by larger inter-tooth impact generated by overlarge tooth side gap is avoided. In order to ensure that a normal lubricating oil film is formed between tooth surfaces of a gear transmission pair in the prior art, the gear meshing clearance standard is usually set to be 0.3-0.4 mm, and the relative motion between the intermediate gear 20 and the base 30 and the flange body 10 does not occur, so that the reasons of oil film and the like are not needed to be considered, the smaller the clearance is, the better the clearance is, but the problem of thermal expansion and cold contraction of the intermediate gear 20 is considered, a certain clearance is also needed to be reserved, the intermediate gear 20 is prevented from excessively deforming under the action of thermal expansion and cold contraction, the reasonable use of the intermediate gear 20 is ensured, and the working performance of the intermediate gear 20 can be ensured when the clearance between the intermediate gear 20 and the base 30 and the flange body 10 is set to be 0.2-0.3 mm through inspection.
The intermediate gear 20 further comprises a hub 21, the external teeth 60 are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the hub 21, the first transmission teeth 40 of the flange body 10 are arranged on the end face of the flange body 10, gaps exist between the first transmission teeth 40 and the inner wall surface of the flange body 10, a certain deformation space is provided for the intermediate gear 20, and the intermediate gear 20 is prevented from being in extrusion contact with the inner wall of the flange body 10 when expanding with heat and contracting with cold, so that excessive deformation occurs. The first driving teeth 40 of the flange body 10 are provided at the inner peripheral side thereof with a center hole 28, and the hub 21 is provided in the center hole 28 so as to fixedly mount the intermediate gear 20 in the flange body 10.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the tooth side of the external tooth 60 is a convex arc surface 61, the tooth side of the first transmission tooth 40 and the tooth side of the second transmission tooth 50 are concave arc surfaces 70, the convex arc surface 61 and the concave arc surface 70 are attached, and no relative rotation occurs between the flange body 10, the base 30 and the intermediate gear 20.
In the above technical solution, the tooth side of the external tooth 60 is the convex arc surface 61, the tooth side of the first transmission tooth 40 and the second transmission tooth 50 is the concave arc surface 70, and the convex arc surface 61 and the concave arc surface 70 are attached to each other, so that the contact between the external tooth 60 and the first transmission tooth 40 and the second transmission tooth 50 is the surface contact, and no relative rotation occurs among the flange body 10, the base 30 and the intermediate gear 20, so that torque can be transferred more stably.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, there is a non-contact engagement between the flange body 10 and the base 30.
In the above technical scheme, the flange body 10 and the base 30 are in non-contact fit, when the torque output by the driving motor 80 is too large, the too large torque acts on the intermediate gear 20 at first, if the torque exceeds the bearing range of the intermediate gear 20, the intermediate gear 20 will break, and because the flange body 10 and the base 30 are in non-contact fit, that is, a gap exists between the flange body 10 and the base 30, at this time, the torque still cannot be directly transmitted through the flange body 10 and the base 30, so that the driving motor 80 and the reducer 90 to be tested can be protected.
Referring to fig. 1-4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, a first end of the intermediate gear 20 is in contact with the flange body 10, a second end of the intermediate gear 20 is in contact with the base 30, and the intermediate gear 20 defines an axial spacing of the base 30 and the flange body 10.
In the above technical solution, the first end of the intermediate gear 20 contacts with the flange body 10, and the second end of the intermediate gear 20 contacts with the base 30, so that the axial distance between the base 30 and the flange body 10 can be limited, and the base 30 and the flange body 10 are in clearance fit, so as to avoid damaging the reducer 90 to be tested when the output torque of the driving motor 80 is too large.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of bumps 16 are circumferentially spaced on the end face of the intermediate gear 20 facing the base 30, the end face of the intermediate gear 20 facing the flange body 10 is circumferentially spaced on the end face of the intermediate gear 20 facing the base 30 by the bumps 16, the intermediate gear 20 is in contact with the end face of the flange body 10 by the bumps 16, if two end faces of the intermediate gear 20 are in complete contact with the flange body 10 and the base 30 respectively, and a gap is also required to be left in the axial direction to cope with thermal expansion and contraction of the intermediate gear 20, after the gap is left, the intermediate gear 20 may axially play, and redundant vibration is generated, contrary to the original purpose of reducing vibration of the present invention, therefore, 8 bumps 16 are adopted, four bumps 16 are in contact with the flange body 10, and the other four bumps 16 are in contact with the base 30, the bump 16 plays a role of axial limiting, so that the axial play is prevented from being generated by the bumps 16, and the gap formed by the flange body 10 and the base 30 at the two ends in contact with the bumps 16 can leave a space for thermal expansion and contraction of the intermediate gear 20. In this embodiment, the external teeth 60 where the protruding points 16 on the first side are located and the external teeth 60 where the protruding points 16 on the second side are located are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction, so as to improve the uniformity of force distribution.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate gear 20 is a nylon gear.
In the above technical solution, the intermediate gear 20 is made of nylon material, which has the advantages of high mechanical strength, excellent wear resistance, sound absorption and shock absorption, and in addition, the nylon gear has the advantage of low cost compared with the conventional rigid gear.
In this embodiment, the intermediate gear 20 is adopted as the torque transmission structure between the flange body 10 and the base 30, because the structure is easier to realize, in the machine manufacturing industry, the design of the gear and the strength checking of the gear are all very mature technologies, various gears meeting various requirements can be manufactured, and the structure of the gear can be accurately designed to set the limit torque that the gear can bear, under the condition, the design of the intermediate gear 20 is more accurate, the limitation of the design of the intermediate gear 20 to the torque transmission can be reduced on the premise of avoiding damage to the reducer 90 to be tested, and the effectiveness and accuracy of the transmission efficiency test of the reducer 90 to be tested are ensured.
In one embodiment, a certain to-be-tested reducer is damaged when the input torque is greater than 300Nm, so that the intermediate transition structure of the flange assembly is required to be designed to be 290Nm, the requirement is met by using a gear structure, the intermediate gear 20 can be used as a structure for transmitting torque, meanwhile, a gear with the maximum transmission torque of 290Nm is conveniently designed, once the torque is greater than 290Nm in the torque transmission process, the weak point (usually the tooth root part) of the intermediate gear 20 can be broken, one tooth or a plurality of teeth can be broken, once the breakage damage occurs, the whole flange assembly can be inevitably caused to generate larger vibration, the vibration signal is acquired by a vibration sensor, the vibration signal is monitored through a vibration analyzer in a vehicle-mounted motor control system, and once the abnormal vibration signal or the vibration signal which is greater than a set alarm limit value is monitored, the control system adopts an emergency stop action to stop the rotation of the motor and the transmission of the torque, so that the to-be-tested reducer 90 is protected.
Referring now to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speed reducer efficiency test apparatus including: a drive motor 80; the torque transmission mechanism comprises the flange assembly; and a speed reducer 90 to be measured, the driving motor 80 transmits torque to the speed reducer 90 to be measured through a flange assembly of the torque transmission mechanism; the torque transmission mechanism further comprises a bearing seat 11 and a torque sensor 12, the two ends of the bearing seat 11 are respectively provided with a support bearing 13, the torque sensor 12 is connected with the support bearings 13 at the two ends, the support bearing 13 at the first end is connected with the driving motor 80 through one flange component, and the support bearing 13 at the second end is connected with the speed reducer 90 to be tested through the other flange component.
In the above technical solution, the driving motor 80 is used as a power source of the input end of the to-be-tested reducer 90, the support bearing 13 at the first end is connected with the driving motor 80 through a flange assembly, the output end of the driving motor 80 is connected with the flange body 10, the torque output by the driving motor 80 is transmitted from the flange body 10 to the intermediate gear 20, the support bearing 13 at the second end is connected with the flange assembly at the second end, the flange body 10 of the flange assembly is connected with the to-be-tested reducer 90, when the driving motor 80 or the to-be-tested reducer 90 is in a high-rotation-speed running state or a rapid rotation speed changing stage, the generated mechanical vibration is transmitted to the flange body 10, and then transmitted from the flange body 10 to the intermediate gear 20, the intermediate gear 20 can absorb the vibration to reduce the impact caused by the mechanical vibration, so as to protect the driving motor 80 and the to-be-tested reducer 90, reduce the influence of the driving motor end and the to-be-tested reducer end on the torque sensor 12, so that the acquired input torque of the reducer is more accurate, and the accuracy of the transmission efficiency test result of the to be-tested reducer is improved.
In addition, the torque sensor 12 is installed between the output end of the driving motor 80 and the reducer 90 to be tested, the torque sensor 12 can directly measure the input torque value of the reducer 90 to be tested, compared with the traditional method of measuring the assembly efficiency of the system first, and then deducting the efficiency of the vehicle-mounted motor through test calculation, the input torque value obtained by the torque sensor 12 is more accurate, because the torque is transmitted to the reducer 90 to be tested from the driving motor 80, the transmission links are more, the factors influencing the transmission efficiency are more, the finally calculated obtained efficiency of the reducer is inaccurate, the middle calculation link is omitted, the torque input to the reducer 90 to be tested is directly measured, the calculation process of the middle link is reduced, the influence of external factors is reduced, and the accuracy of the transmission efficiency test of the reducer 90 to be tested is improved. The bearing frame 11 is installed between two support bearings 13, and torque sensor 12 is connected with the support bearings 13 at both ends, and the bearing frame 11 can support two support bearings 13, improves structural strength, and then forms the support to torque sensor 12 and two flange components, can improve the rigidity of the torque transmission mechanism between by driving motor 80 to the reduction gear 90 that awaits measuring, reduces the increase of torque sensor 12 and flange components and to the adverse effect that the rigidity of torque transmission mechanism caused, improves the stability in the transmission efficiency testing process of reduction gear 90 that awaits measuring, improves the test precision.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving motor 80 is a vehicle-mounted motor, and the vehicle-mounted motor is provided with the inverter 25, the inverter 25 provides ac power for the vehicle-mounted motor, and the vehicle-mounted motor is used as the input end of the to-be-detected reducer 90, so that the real structural state of the three-in-one electric driving system can be highly restored, and the real running state of the whole vehicle is more met. In addition, the vehicle data acquisition system matched with the vehicle-mounted motor can be used for acquiring signals such as rotating speed and torque, and the torque signal of the output end of the speed reducer 90 to be detected, which is acquired by the vehicle acquisition system, is accurate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the break down torque of the intermediate gear 20 is less than the break down torque of the speed reducer 90 under test.
In the above technical solution, the damage torque of the intermediate gear 20 is smaller than the damage torque of the reducer to be detected 90, so when the torque output by the driving motor 80 is too large, the intermediate gear 20 is damaged first, and the too large torque cannot be continuously transmitted to the reducer to be detected 90, so that the driving motor 80 and the reducer to be detected can be protected.
Referring now to fig. 1-4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the reducer efficiency test apparatus further includes a mounting block 14, and the bearing block 11 is mounted on the mounting block 14 and is capable of adjusting the axial and/or radial position relative to the drive motor 80.
In the above technical scheme, the bearing seat 11 is mounted on the mounting seat 14, and can adjust the axial and/or radial positions relative to the driving motor 80, so that the output end of the driving motor 80 and the torque sensor 12 on the bearing seat 11 can form a coaxial structure, and therefore, under the condition that the current dynamometer cannot meet the rotation speed and torque required by the reducer 90 to be tested, the testing requirement of the reducer 90 to be tested can be met by replacing different driving motors 80, and the dynamometer with higher performance is not required to be replaced, so that the cost can be saved, and the applicability of the reducer efficiency testing device can be improved.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the bearing housing 11 includes a first vertical plate 31, a second vertical plate 32, a slider 33, and a cross beam 34, the first vertical plate 31 and the second vertical plate 32 are connected at both ends of the cross beam 34 and are disposed opposite to each other to form both end supports, lower bottom surfaces of the first vertical plate 31 and the second vertical plate 32 are fixedly mounted on the slider 33, two support bearings 13 are respectively mounted on the first vertical plate 31 and the second vertical plate 32, and a first groove 35 and a second groove 36 are provided on the slider 33. The speed reducer efficiency testing device further comprises a first fixing seat 39 and a second fixing seat 41, the first fixing seat 39 is provided with a first screw rod 37, a first end of the first screw rod 37 is installed in the first groove 35, a second end of the first screw rod 37 is installed on the first fixing seat 39, one end of the first screw rod 37 extending into the first groove 35 is provided with a stop structure, when the first screw rod 37 rotates, the first screw rod 37 moves linearly under the cooperation of the first fixing seat 39 to drive the stop structure to move along the axial direction of the driving motor 80, the stop structure can drive the bearing seat 11 to move along the axial direction of the driving motor 80, and position adjustment of the bearing seat 11 in the axial direction of the driving motor 80 is achieved. Similarly, the second screw 38 can cooperate with the second fixing seat 41 to realize the position adjustment of the bearing seat 11 in the radial direction of the driving motor 80. The first screw 37 and the first fixing seat 39 form a first moving device 26, the bearing seat 11 can move along the axial direction of the driving motor 80 through the first moving device 26, the second screw 38 and the second fixing seat 41 form a second moving device 27, and the bearing seat 11 can move along the radial direction of the driving motor 80 through the second moving device 27.
The mounting seat, the first fixing seat 39 and the second fixing seat 41 are all fixed on the workbench through foundation bolts, when the position of the bearing seat 11 needs to be adjusted, the foundation bolts on the sliding seat 33 are pulled out, the first screw rod 37 is adjusted, the bearing seat 11 moves along the radial direction of the driving motor 80, when the torque sensor 12 on the bearing seat 11 is coaxial with flange assemblies arranged on two sides of the bearing seat 11, the first screw rod 37 is stopped being adjusted, then the second screw rod 38 is adjusted, the bearing seat 11 moves along the axial direction of the driving motor 80, when the bearing seat 11 moves to a proper position, the second screw rod 38 is stopped being adjusted, the foundation bolts on two sides of the bearing seat 11 are inserted back into the bearing seat 11, and the bearing seat 11 is fixed at the position, so that subsequent testing operation can be performed.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, a vibration sensor 15 is provided on the bearing housing 11, and the vibration sensor 15 is used to detect vibration signals at both ends of the bearing housing 11.
In the above technical scheme, the vibration sensor 15 is disposed on the bearing seat 11, the vibration sensor 15 is used for detecting vibration signals at two ends of the bearing seat 11, and a worker can determine whether the driving motor 80 is in a stable working state according to the vibration signals collected by the vibration sensor 15.
It should be noted that, in an embodiment of the present invention, the speed reducer efficiency testing device further includes a workbench 17, a first load dynamometer 18 and a second load dynamometer 19, the mounting base 14, the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19 are all installed on the workbench 17, the first load dynamometer 18 is connected with the speed reducer 90 to be tested through a first half shaft 22, the second load dynamometer 19 is connected with the speed reducer 90 to be tested through a second half shaft 23, the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19 are fixed on the workbench 17 through anchor bolts 24, the positions of the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19 can be adjusted according to needs, and the rotation speed, the torque sensor 12 and the vibration sensor 15 installed on the bearing seat 11 are all connected to the whole vehicle data acquisition system module, so as to ensure synchronous acquisition of signals in the whole testing process.
The output torque measurement value of the speed reducer 90 to be measured can be obtained through the torque sensors 12 of the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19, and the output rotation speed measurement value of the speed reducer 90 to be measured can be obtained through the rotation speed sensors of the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19.
As shown in fig. 5, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speed reducer efficiency test as described aboveThe speed reducer efficiency testing method of the device comprises the following steps: obtaining the output torque T of the speed reducer 90 to be tested o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Acquiring an input torque T of a speed reducer 90 to be tested using a torque sensor 12 of a torque transmitting mechanism i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Acquiring an input rotation speed n of the speed reducer 90 to be tested i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining the output rotation speed n of the reducer 90 to be tested o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to T o 、T i 、n i N is as follows o The transmission efficiency of the speed reducer 90 to be measured is calculated.
In the above technical solution, the output torque measurement value of the to-be-measured reducer 90 is obtained through the torque sensors of the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19, the output rotation speed measurement value of the to-be-measured reducer 90 is obtained through the rotation speed sensors of the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19, the input rotation speed measurement value of the to-be-measured reducer 90 is obtained through the rotation speed sensor of the driving motor 80, and finally the transmission efficiency of the to-be-measured reducer 90 can be calculated according to the output torque measurement value of the to-be-measured reducer 90, the output rotation speed measurement value of the to-be-measured reducer 90, the input rotation speed measurement value of the to-be-measured reducer 90 and the output rotation speed measurement value of the to-be-measured reducer 90.
Specifically, the method for testing the efficiency of the speed reducer comprises the following detailed steps:
1) Running-in is carried out on the reducer to be tested, and running-in working conditions comprise: and (3) inputting rotating speed, input torque, oil temperature and oil filling amount, and replacing lubricating oil after running-in is completed, so as to complete the preparation work before the efficiency test.
2) And listing a plurality of working conditions to be tested in the speed reducer efficiency test, wherein each working condition comprises a driving motor output rotating speed, a speed reducer input torque, a first load dynamometer rotating speed, a second load dynamometer rotating speed, a torque loading time, a first load dynamometer torque, a second load dynamometer torque, an oil temperature, a driving direction, an oiling amount and a rotating speed acceleration.
3) And the upper control system of the driving motor is used for controlling the input rotating speed, the input torque, the torque loading time and the rotating speed acceleration required by the driving motor to reach the operation working condition, and the air cooling system is used for controlling the oil temperature.
4) The monitoring driving motor and the speed reducer to be tested reach the operation working condition and can keep stable, vibration signals at the positions of the bearing seat and the like have no abnormal condition, data acquisition is started, and enough data are acquired.
5) And carrying out data batch processing on the collected data points, calculating according to a transmission efficiency formula, and finally obtaining the transmission efficiency of the reducer to be tested.
The step of testing whether the efficiency of the speed reducer is qualified in the related art is as follows:
1) And selecting one speed reducer to a national approved laboratory for efficiency test to obtain efficiency data, and measuring the starting moment A of the speed reducer, wherein the speed reducer is used as a reference piece.
2) And detecting the starting moment of the speed reducer as B.
3) Judging whether the efficiency of the speed reducer is qualified or not: if B is more than A, the efficiency of the tested speed reducer is higher than that of the reference speed reducer; if B < A, the efficiency of the tested speed reducer is lower than that of the reference speed reducer.
Therefore, according to the testing method of the related art, each speed reducer needs to be sent to a national approved laboratory to measure the moment value, the cost is high, and the time consumption is long, so that the method can only be used for sampling and checking in actual operation, can not timely reflect the assembly efficiency of products on a production line, and can also miss checking of some unqualified products. Therefore, the related art method of determining whether the efficiency of the decelerator is acceptable is poorly applicable.
According to the detection method, the output torque measured value of the to-be-detected speed reducer 90 is obtained through the torque sensors of the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19, the output rotation speed measured value of the to-be-detected speed reducer 90 is obtained through the rotation speed sensors of the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19, the input rotation speed measured value of the to-be-detected speed reducer 90 is obtained through the rotation speed sensors of the driving motor 80, so that the transmission efficiency of the to-be-detected speed reducer 90 can be calculated, the comparison with the starting moment of a reference piece is not needed, and the efficiency of the speed reducer can be rapidly measured.
As shown in FIG. 6, in one embodiment of the present invention, the output torque T of the speed reducer under test 90 is obtained o Before the step of (a)Further comprises: detecting vibration signals at two ends of the bearing seat 11; when the vibration value of the vibration signal is smaller than X1 and the fluctuation is not more than + -5 Nm, the output torque T of the speed reducer 90 to be tested is obtained o Is carried out by a method comprising the steps of.
In the above technical solution, the vibration signals at two ends of the bearing seat 11 are detected, when the vibration value of the vibration signals is less than X1 and the fluctuation does not exceed ±5nm, at this time, the current running state of the to-be-detected reducer 90 meets the requirement of the test, and the output torque measurement value of the to-be-detected reducer 90 can be obtained through the torque sensors of the first load dynamometer 18 and the second load dynamometer 19, so that the accuracy of the measured output torque measurement value can be ensured. When the monitored vibration signal is greater than the set 5Nm limit, the control system is required to take an emergency stop action to terminate the rotation of the drive motor 80 and the transmission of torque so as to protect the decelerator 90 to be tested.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: through setting up flange body, base and intermediate gear, flange body and base butt joint form the gear installation cavity, intermediate gear installs in the gear installation cavity, flange body and base pass through intermediate gear transmission moment of torsion, be split type structure between flange body, intermediate gear and the base, there is the clearance between flange body and the base, driving motor's output and treat to detect the reduction gear end and all be connected with the flange body, when driving motor or the reduction gear that awaits measuring is in high rotational speed running state or rotational speed rapid variation stage, the mechanical vibration of production can transmit the flange body, transmit to intermediate gear from the flange body again, intermediate gear will bear because the impact that mechanical vibration brought, intermediate gear can absorb vibration, slow down the impact, in order to protect driving motor and the reduction gear that awaits measuring, and then reduce driving motor end and treat to detect the influence of reduction gear end to torque sensor, make the reduction gear input moment of torsion that gathers more accurate.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that embodiments of the present application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A speed reducer efficiency test device, comprising:
a drive motor (80);
a torque-transmitting mechanism, the torque-transmitting mechanism flange assembly; and
the driving motor (80) transmits torque to the speed reducer (90) to be tested through a flange assembly of the torque transmission mechanism;
the flange assembly includes:
a flange body (10);
an intermediate gear (20); and
a base (30);
the flange body (10) and the base (30) are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the flange body (10), the flange body (10) and the base (30) are in butt joint, a gear mounting cavity is formed at the butt joint position, the intermediate gear (20) is arranged in the gear mounting cavity, and the flange body (10) and the base (30) transmit torque through the intermediate gear (20);
the torque transmission mechanism further comprises a bearing seat (11) and a torque sensor (12), wherein supporting bearings (13) are respectively arranged at two ends of the bearing seat (11), the torque sensor (12) is connected with the supporting bearings (13) at two ends, the supporting bearings (13) at the first end are connected with the driving motor (80) through one flange assembly, and the supporting bearings (13) at the second end are connected with the speed reducer (90) to be tested through the other flange assembly; the torque sensor (12) is arranged between the output end of the driving motor (80) and the speed reducer (90) to be tested,
and directly measuring the input torque value of the reducer (90) to be measured;
when the driving motor (80) or the speed reducer (90) to be tested is in a high-rotating-speed running state or a rotating speed rapid change stage, the generated mechanical vibration is transmitted to the flange body (10) and is transmitted to the intermediate gear (20) by the flange body (10), and the intermediate gear (20) bears the impact caused by the mechanical vibration; the damage torque of the intermediate gear (20) is smaller than that of the reducer (90) to be tested; when the torque output by the driving motor (80) is overlarge, the intermediate gear (20) is damaged before the speed reducer (90) to be tested.
2. The speed reducer efficiency test device according to claim 1, wherein the flange body (10) includes a plurality of first drive teeth (40), the base (30) includes a plurality of second drive teeth (50), the first drive teeth (40) and the second drive teeth (50) are alternately arranged and spaced apart in a circumferential direction, tooth spaces are formed between the first drive teeth (40) and the second drive teeth (50), the intermediate gear (20) includes external teeth (60) arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the external teeth (60) are disposed in the tooth spaces.
3. The speed reducer efficiency test device according to claim 2, wherein the tooth side of the external tooth (60) is a convex arc surface (61), the tooth side of the first transmission tooth (40) and the tooth side of the second transmission tooth (50) are concave arc surfaces (70), the convex arc surface (61) and the concave arc surface (70) are attached, and no relative rotation occurs among the flange body (10), the base (30) and the intermediate gear (20).
4. A reducer efficiency test device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that there is a non-contact fit between the flange body (10) and the base (30); and/or, the intermediate gear (20) is a nylon gear.
5. The speed reducer efficiency test device of claim 4, wherein a first end of the intermediate gear (20) is in contact with the flange body (10), a second end of the intermediate gear (20) is in contact with the base (30), and the intermediate gear (20) defines an axial spacing of the base (30) and the flange body (10).
6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a mounting (14), said bearing housing (11) being mounted on said mounting (14) and being able to adjust the axial and/or radial position with respect to said drive motor (80).
7. The speed reducer efficiency test device according to claim 6, wherein a vibration sensor (15) is provided on the bearing housing (11), and the vibration sensor (15) is configured to detect vibration signals at both ends of the bearing housing (11).
8. A speed reducer efficiency test method of a speed reducer efficiency test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
obtaining the output torque T of the reducer (90) to be tested o ；
Acquiring an input torque T of a speed reducer (90) to be tested by using a torque sensor (12) of a torque transmission mechanism i ；
Acquiring an input rotation speed n of a speed reducer (90) to be tested i ；
Obtaining the output of the speed reducer (90) to be testedRotational speed n o ；
According to T o 、T i 、n i N is as follows o And calculating the transmission efficiency of the speed reducer (90) to be tested.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106644463A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 南京工程学院 | Dynamic test device used for precise speed reducer |
| CN206754212U (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-12-15 | 天津龙创恒盛实业有限公司 | Flange-type composite coupler |
| CN109975018A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-05 | 安徽科技学院 | A kind of retarder multi-function test stand of large torque quick change Self-aligning |
| CN210859597U (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2020-06-26 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Elastic coupling and generator with same |
| CN214041668U (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-08-24 | 北京动力源新能源科技有限责任公司 | Motor is to dragging test bench |
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2022
- 2022-05-09 CN CN202210499244.3A patent/CN114893511B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106644463A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 南京工程学院 | Dynamic test device used for precise speed reducer |
| CN206754212U (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-12-15 | 天津龙创恒盛实业有限公司 | Flange-type composite coupler |
| CN109975018A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-05 | 安徽科技学院 | A kind of retarder multi-function test stand of large torque quick change Self-aligning |
| CN210859597U (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2020-06-26 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Elastic coupling and generator with same |
| CN214041668U (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-08-24 | 北京动力源新能源科技有限责任公司 | Motor is to dragging test bench |
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