CN114890812B - High-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme is that the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55-70 wt% of fly ash; 8-18wt% of magnesite fine powder; 6 to 12 weight percent of magnesium oxide fine powder; the cerium oxide fine powder is 1 to 4 weight percent; 4-15 wt% of waste silicon molybdenum rod fine powder; 3 to 5 weight percent of aluminum-zirconium composite sol. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the fly ash with aluminum zirconium composite sol, and then continuously mixing with magnesite fine powder, magnesium oxide fine powder, cerium oxide fine powder and waste silicon molybdenum rod fine powder, trapping materials, pressing, forming, drying, sintering, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiating element based on the fly ash. The product prepared by the invention has small density, good thermal shock stability and long-term use in an environment of more than 1000 ℃, and can have high infrared emissivity in a wave band of 1-5 mu m, thereby realizing directional radiation in an industrial kiln.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention belongs to the field of high temperature infrared radiating element technology. In particular to a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Currently, the total world energy consumption increases year by year, with industrial kilns consuming tremendous amounts. When the furnace temperature is higher than 800 ℃, the heat transfer is mainly radiation, and the radiation heat transfer accounts for more than 85% of the total heat. Therefore, the heat transfer of the radiation is enhanced, the heat efficiency of the kiln is improved to the maximum extent, and the energy saving of the kiln is realized. The existing industrial heating furnace walls are mostly built by refractory bricks, refractory fibers or casting materials, and the infrared emissivity of the materials is generally low. Therefore, the radiation heat transfer capacity of the kiln can be improved by using the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element in the top area of the heating furnace, and the energy utilization rate is further improved.
In recent years, research and development of infrared radiating elements are rapid, the technology of a far infrared radiating element for an industrial kiln and a preparation method thereof (CN 108752023A) patent solves the problems of low emissivity, easy deformation and cracking of the infrared radiating element prepared by taking vanadium-titanium tailings and niobium carbide as main raw materials, the emissivity of the infrared radiating element in a far infrared band can reach 0.92-0.95, but the high emissivity is only reflected in the far infrared band, the far infrared radiating element does not relate to a near infrared band of 1-5 mu m which plays a leading role in high-temperature use, and the energy saving effect in the kiln exceeding 1000 ℃ is undefined; according to the heat radiation material and the refractory material (CN 101973768A) using the heat radiation material, nano ultra-fine powder is adopted as a raw material, the heat radiation material is sprayed and arranged in a hearth to reduce heat loss of an industrial heating furnace, the heat emissivity is up to 0.95, but the infrared band range is not clear, the nano powder can grow up after being used at the high temperature of more than 1000 ℃ for a long time, and can react with a kiln base body component to further change the infrared radiation performance of the prepared material, and meanwhile, the cost of the material is greatly increased due to the introduction of the nano powder; the 'high infrared element, the preparation method and the application thereof' (CN 113913779A) patent technology effectively enhances the infrared emission capability of a metal material by growing a graphene infrared radiation enhancement coating on the metal material substrate, but because the substrate is an alloy, the infrared emission capability is tested below 300 ℃, the normal use in a kiln with the use temperature exceeding 1000 ℃ can not be ensured, and the graphene infrared radiation enhancement coating is combined with the infrared emission capabilityThe thermal expansion coefficient of the gold substrate has larger difference and poor thermal shock resistance; the silicon carbide infrared radiation ceramic material is prepared by adopting a solid phase sintering method by adopting the technology of the silicon carbide infrared radiation ceramic material and the preparation method thereof (CN 111170143A), and the emissivity of the silicon carbide infrared radiation ceramic material can reach 0.84, but the density of the silicon carbide infrared radiation ceramic material is 2.01g/cm 3 Is easy to fall off when being arranged at the top of the kiln.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of a fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element with low cost; the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared by the method has the advantages of small density, good thermal shock stability, long-term use in an environment with the temperature of more than 1000 ℃, high infrared emissivity in a wave band of 1-5 mu m and realization of directional radiation in an industrial kiln.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash is in the shape of a truncated cone, and an inverted truncated cone cavity is coaxially arranged inwards on the upper plane of the truncated cone; the taper of the truncated cone is 1:5-10, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1:10-20.
Height difference between cone frustum and inverted cone frustum cavity (H-H) =1-2.5 cm (1)
The difference (R-R) =1 to 1.5cm (2) in the circular radius of the upper plane of the truncated cone, in the formulas (1) and (2):
h represents the height of the truncated cone, cm;
h represents the height of the inverted truncated cone cavity and cm;
r represents the radius of the upper plane of the cone frustum, cm;
r represents the radius of the upper plane of the truncated cone cavity and cm.
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
preparing materials according to the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content thereof, and firstly mixing the fly ash and the aluminum zirconium composite sol for 5-15 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the magnesite fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder, the cerium oxide fine powder and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 15-20 min to obtain a mixture B; then, the mixture B is trapped for 12 to 24 hours and is pressed and molded under the condition of 60 to 100MPa to obtain a biscuit, and the biscuit is dried for 12 to 24 hours under the condition of 100 to 120 ℃; heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃/min, heating to 1200-1400 ℃ at the speed of 1.5-2.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, cooling with a furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The fly ash: al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 30 weight percent, siO 2 More than or equal to 50 weight percent of the total weight of the product; the average particle size of the fly ash is less than or equal to 150 mu m.
The MgO content of the magnesite fine powder is more than or equal to 45wt%; the average grain size of the magnesite fine powder is smaller than 74 mu m.
The MgO content of the magnesium oxide fine powder is more than or equal to 96 percent, and the average grain diameter of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
CeO in the strontium oxide fine powder 2 The content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the average grain diameter of the strontium oxide is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
The average grain diameter of the waste silicon molybdenum rod fine powder is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
The aluminum-zirconium composite sol comprises the following components: zrO (ZrO) 2 The content is more than or equal to 5 weight percent; al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 10 weight percent.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adoptsThe main chemical component of the fly ash is Al 2 O 3 And SiO 2 The fly ash is mixed with magnesite fine powder and magnesia fine powder, and can react to generate a substance mainly containing cordierite after sintering at 1200-1400 ℃. Because of the influence of Ca, fe and other impurities commonly existing in the fly ash, the cordierite obtained by the method has certain deviation from the theoretical composition of the cordierite, and the crystal lattice of the cordierite is distorted to a certain extent, so that the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation element (hereinafter referred to as a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element) based on the fly ash has higher infrared radiation rate.
The invention adopts cerium oxide fine powder on the basis of the raw materials, and Ce is sintered at high temperature 4+ Into the six-membered ring lattice of cordierite, ce 4+ Can attract O in the upper and lower six-membered ring structures of cordierite 2- Causing a reduction in six-membered torus spacing; can also attract O in the same six-membered ring 2- Resulting in a reduction in the diameter of the six-membered ring; at the same time Ce 4+ The homopolar repulsion effect also exists, the surface distance of the six-membered ring is increased, the cordierite crystal is distorted, the symmetry of the crystal structure is reduced, dipole moment is generated, the infrared active vibration of the crystal lattice is enhanced, and therefore the infrared emissivity of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element in the wave band of 1-5 mu m is further improved.
The invention also adopts the waste silicon molybdenum rod fine powder, the main component of which is MoSi 2 。MoSi 2 As an intermetallic compound, the conduction band and the valence band thereof have partial overlap, and the fermi level has a relatively low state density, which enables free electrons to more easily transit from the valence band to the conduction band; at the same time, moSi 2 The 4d electron orbit of the Mo atom and the 3p electron orbit of the Si atom form a hybridization orbit, so that the heat radiation performance of a near infrared band is further improved; furthermore, moSi 2 The special cordierite is overlapped, so that heat can be quickly transferred to the surface and converted into infrared radiation to be emitted. Therefore, the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element prepared by the invention has high infrared emissivity in the wave band of 1-5 mu m.
The fly ash adopted by the invention has light specific gravity and is hydrophobicThe porous ceramic material has low density, and the porous ceramic material has high porosity. In addition, the introduced magnesite fine powder can also decompose and release CO at high temperature 2 Not only the density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is not high, the total porosity is 35-55%, but also most of air holes are below 10 mu m. More importantly, the high Wen Xiagong infrared rays are absorbed or reflected in the tiny holes for multiple times, and each reflection absorbs a part of energy, so that the infrared absorption rate of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is improved. Therefore, the internal microporous structure prepared by combining the raw material composition with the heat treatment process system ensures high heat radiation absorptivity of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element. The energy absorbed at high temperature is finally radiated again, and a large amount of infrared rays are finally radiated at the opening of the inverted cone cavity, so that the directional radiation function is realized.
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element prepared by the method is sintered at high temperature, has low density, and is not easy to fall off when being adhered to the top of a kiln; in addition, the main phase of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is a cordierite phase, so that the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element has the advantages of small expansion coefficient, multiple micropores and good thermal shock stability, and the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element and the cordierite phase are beneficial to the long-term safe use of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element at the temperature of more than 1000 ℃.
The aluminum-zirconium composite sol adopted by the invention can enhance the strength of the biscuit before heat treatment and avoid damage in the preparation process; on the other hand introduce nano-scale Al 2 O 3 The synthesis temperature of cordierite can be reduced, the energy consumption is further reduced, and nano ZrO is introduced 2 The temperature resistance, the mechanical strength and the thermal shock stability of the element are improved, and the service life of the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation element at high temperature is prolonged.
The main raw materials adopted by the invention, namely the fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod, belong to solid wastes in a certain sense, and have low price. The fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod are mainly prepared from the fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by the fly ash can be avoided, and a new way is provided for the high added value utilization of the two solid waste raw materials.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared by the invention is 1.4-1.8 g/cm 3 The Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system is used for testing that the emissivity of the element is 0.8-0.92 at the wave band of 1-5 mu m, the temperature is kept for 15min at 1100 ℃, and the water cooling is repeated for 7-12 times without cracking; when the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the furnace top of the heating furnace at 49 per square meter, the radiation area of the furnace top is increased by more than 1 time, the in-place rate of heat radiation lines to a workpiece is increased by more than 30 percent, and the heat efficiency of the kiln is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the drawings and the detailed description which follow, without limiting the scope thereof.
In order to avoid repetition, the relevant raw materials in this embodiment are first described in the following manner, and the description in the examples is omitted.
The fly ash: al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 30 weight percent, siO 2 More than or equal to 50 weight percent of the total weight of the product; the average particle size of the fly ash is less than or equal to 150 mu m.
The MgO content of the magnesite fine powder is more than or equal to 45wt%; the average grain size of the magnesite fine powder is smaller than 74 mu m.
The MgO content of the magnesium oxide fine powder is more than or equal to 96 percent, and the average grain diameter of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
CeO in the strontium oxide fine powder 2 The content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the average grain diameter of the strontium oxide is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
The average grain diameter of the waste silicon molybdenum rod fine powder is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
The aluminum-zirconium composite sol comprises the following components: zrO (ZrO) 2 The content is more than or equal to 5 weight percent; al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 10 weight percent.
Example 1
A high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the structural shape of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash is a truncated cone, and an inverted truncated cone cavity is coaxially arranged inwards on the upper plane of the truncated cone; the taper of the truncated cone is 1:5-6.5, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1:10-12.5.
Height difference between cone frustum and inverted cone frustum cavity (H-H) =1-2 cm (1)
Circular ring radius difference (R-R) =1-1.2 cm (2) of upper plane of cone frustum
In the formula (1) and the formula (2):
h represents the height of the truncated cone, cm;
h represents the height of the inverted truncated cone cavity and cm;
r represents the radius of the upper plane of the cone frustum, cm;
r represents the radius of the upper plane of the truncated cone cavity and cm.
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
preparing materials according to the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content thereof, and firstly mixing the fly ash and the aluminum zirconium composite sol for 5-7 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the magnesite fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder, the cerium oxide fine powder and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 15-16 min to obtain a mixture B; then the mixture B is trapped for 12 to 15 hours and is pressed and molded under the condition of 60 to 70MPa to obtain a biscuit; drying the biscuit at 100-105 ℃ for 12-15 h; heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 4-5 ℃/min, heating to 1200-1250 ℃ at the speed of 1.5-2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-4 hours, cooling along with a furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared in the embodiment is 1.5-1.8 g/cm 3 The element is tested to have the emissivity of 0.8-0.85 at the wave band of 1-5 mu m at the temperature of 1100 ℃ by using a Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system, the element is insulated for 15min at the temperature of 1100 ℃, and the water cooling is repeated for 7-10 times without cracking; when the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the furnace top of the heating furnace at 49 per square meter, the radiation area of the furnace top is increased by 1.2-1.9 times, and the in-place rate of heat radiation to a workpiece is improved by 32-35%.
Example 2
A high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
the structure of the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is the same as that of the embodiment 1 except for the following technical parameters:
the taper of the truncated cone is 1:6.5-8, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1:12.5-15.
The height difference (H-H) =1.5-2.5 cm (1) between the truncated cone and the inverted truncated cone cavity
The circular ring radius difference (R-R) =1.2-1.5 cm (2) of the upper plane of the cone frustum
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
preparing materials according to the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content thereof, and firstly mixing the fly ash and the aluminum zirconium composite sol for 7-10 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the magnesite fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder, the cerium oxide fine powder and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 16-17 min to obtain a mixture B; then the mixture B is trapped for 15 to 18 hours and is pressed and molded under the condition of 70 to 80MPa to obtain a biscuit; drying the biscuit at 105-110 ℃ for 15-18 h; heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 4-5 ℃/min, heating to 1250-1300 ℃ at the speed of 1.5-2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-4 hours, cooling along with a furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared in the embodiment is 1.6-1.8 g/cm 3 The Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system is used for testing that the emissivity of the element is 0.83-0.89 at the wave band of 1-5 mu m at 1100 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15min at 1100 ℃, and the water cooling is repeated for 8-10 times without cracking; when the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the furnace top of the heating furnace at 49 per square meter, the radiation area of the furnace top is increased by 1.5-2.2 times, and the in-place rate of heat radiation to a workpiece is increased by 34-38%.
Example 3
A high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
the structure of the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is the same as that of the embodiment 1 except for the following technical parameters:
the taper of the truncated cone is 1:8-9, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1:15-17.5.
The height difference (H-H) =1-1.8 cm (1) between the truncated cone and the inverted truncated cone cavity
The circular ring radius difference (R-R) =1-1.3 cm (2) of the upper plane of the cone frustum
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
preparing materials and contents of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash, and mixing the fly ash and the aluminum zirconium composite sol for 10-12 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the magnesite fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder, the cerium oxide fine powder and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 17-19 min to obtain a mixture B; then the mixture B is trapped for 18 to 21 hours and is pressed and molded under the condition of 80 to 90MPa to obtain a biscuit; drying the biscuit at 110-115 ℃ for 18-21 h; and heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at a speed of 5-6 ℃/min, heating to 1300-1350 ℃ at a speed of 2-2.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4-5 hours, cooling with a furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared in the embodiment is 1.4-1.7 g/cm 3 The Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system is used for testing that the emissivity of the element is 0.87-0.91 at the wave band of 1-5 mu m at 1100 ℃, the element is insulated for 15min at 1100 ℃, and the water cooling is repeated for 8-11 times without cracking; when the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the furnace top of the heating furnace at 49 per square meter, the radiation area of the furnace top is increased by 1.7-2.3 times, and the in-place rate of heat radiation to a workpiece is improved by 37-39%.
Example 4
A high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
the structure of the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is the same as that of the embodiment 1 except for the following technical parameters:
the taper of the truncated cone is 1:9-10, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1:17.5-20.
Height difference between cone frustum and inverted cone frustum cavity (H-H) =1.6-2.5 cm (1)
Circular ring radius difference (R-R) =1.2-1.5 cm (2) of upper plane of cone frustum
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
preparing materials according to the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content thereof, and firstly mixing the fly ash and the aluminum zirconium composite sol for 12-15 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the magnesite fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder, the cerium oxide fine powder and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 19-20 min to obtain a mixture B; then the mixture B is trapped for 21 to 24 hours and is pressed and molded under the condition of 90 to 100MPa to obtain a biscuit; drying the biscuit at 115-120 ℃ for 21-24 h; and heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at a speed of 5-6 ℃/min, heating to 1350-1400 ℃ at a speed of 2-2.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4-5 hours, cooling with a furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared in the embodiment is 1.4-1.6 g/cm 3 The element is tested to have the emissivity of 0.88-0.92 at the wave band of 1-5 mu m at the temperature of 1100 ℃ by using a Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system, the element is insulated for 15min at the temperature of 1100 ℃, and the water cooling is repeated for 9-12 times without cracking; when the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the furnace top of the heating furnace at 49 per square meter, the radiation area of the furnace top is increased by 2.0-2.5 times, and the in-place rate of heat radiation to a workpiece is improved by 37-40%.
Compared with the prior art, the specific embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
the main chemical components of the fly ash adopted in the specific embodiment are Al 2 O 3 And SiO 2 The fly ash is mixed with magnesite fine powder and magnesia fine powder, and can react to generate a substance mainly containing cordierite after sintering at 1200-1400 ℃. Because of the influence of impurities such as Ca and Fe which are often present in the fly ash, the cordierite obtained by the specific embodiment has certain deviation from the theoretical composition of the cordierite, and certain distortion occurs to the crystal lattice of the cordierite, so that the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation element (hereinafter referred to as a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element) based on the fly ash has higher infrared radiation rate.
The specific embodiment adopts cerium oxide fine powder based on the raw materials, and Ce is sintered at high temperature 4+ Into the six-membered ring lattice of cordierite, ce 4+ Can attract O in the upper and lower six-membered ring structures of cordierite 2- Causing a reduction in six-membered torus spacing; can also attract O in the same six-membered ring 2- Resulting in a reduction in the diameter of the six-membered ring; at the same time Ce 4+ The homopolar repulsion effect also exists, the surface distance of the six-membered ring is increased, the cordierite crystal is distorted, the symmetry of the crystal structure is reduced, dipole moment is generated, the infrared active vibration of the crystal lattice is enhanced, and therefore the infrared emissivity of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element in the wave band of 1-5 mu m is further improved.
The main component of the waste silicon molybdenum rod fine powder adopted in the specific embodiment is MoSi 2 。MoSi 2 As an intermetallic compound, the conduction band and the valence band thereof have partial overlap, and the fermi level has a relatively low state density, which enables free electrons to more easily transit from the valence band to the conduction band; at the same time, moSi 2 The 4d electron orbit of the Mo atom and the 3p electron orbit of the Si atom form a hybridization orbit, so that the heat radiation performance of a near infrared band is further improved; furthermore, moSi 2 The special cordierite is overlapped, so that heat can be quickly transferred to the surface and converted into infrared radiation to be emitted. Thus, the present embodiment isThe high-temperature infrared directional radiation element prepared by the implementation mode has high infrared emissivity in a wave band of 1-5 mu m.
The fly ash adopted by the specific embodiment has light specific gravity, is loose and porous, contains partial hollow microspheres, takes the fly ash as a main raw material, has low density, and has higher porosity after being sintered by the heat treatment process system provided by the specific embodiment. In addition, the introduced magnesite fine powder can also decompose and release CO at high temperature 2 Not only the density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is not high, the total porosity is 35-55%, but also most of air holes are below 10 mu m. More importantly, the high Wen Xiagong infrared rays are absorbed or reflected in the tiny holes for multiple times, and each reflection absorbs a part of energy, so that the infrared absorption rate of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is improved. Thus, the internal microporous structure produced by the combination of the raw material composition of the present embodiment and the heat treatment process regime ensures a high heat radiation absorptivity of the high temperature infrared directional radiation element. The energy absorbed at high temperature is finally radiated again, and a large amount of infrared rays are finally radiated at the opening of the inverted cone cavity, so that the directional radiation function is realized.
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element prepared by the specific embodiment is sintered at high temperature, has low density and is not easy to fall off when being adhered to the top of a kiln; in addition, the main phase of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is a cordierite phase, so that the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element has the advantages of small expansion coefficient, multiple micropores and good thermal shock stability, and the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element and the cordierite phase are beneficial to the long-term safe use of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element at the temperature of more than 1000 ℃.
The aluminum-zirconium composite sol adopted by the specific embodiment can enhance the strength of the biscuit before heat treatment and avoid damage in the preparation process; on the other hand introduce nano-scale Al 2 O 3 The synthesis temperature of cordierite can be reduced, the energy consumption is further reduced, and nano ZrO is introduced 2 The temperature resistance, the mechanical strength and the thermal shock stability of the element are improved, and the service life of the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation element at high temperature is prolonged.
The main raw materials adopted by the concrete implementation mode, namely the fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod, belong to solid wastes in a certain sense, and have low price. The fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod are mainly prepared from the fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by the fly ash can be avoided, and a new way is provided for the high added value utilization of the two solid waste raw materials.
The density of the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element prepared in the specific embodiment is 1.4-1.8 g/cm 3 The Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system is used for testing that the emissivity of the element is 0.8-0.92 at the wave band of 1-5 mu m, the temperature is kept for 15min at 1100 ℃, and the water cooling is repeated for 7-12 times without cracking; when the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the furnace top of the heating furnace at 49 per square meter, the radiation area of the furnace top is increased by more than 1 time, the in-place rate of heat radiation lines to a workpiece is increased by more than 30 percent, and the heat efficiency of the kiln is further improved.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash is in the shape of a truncated cone, and an inverted truncated cone cavity is coaxially arranged inwards on the upper plane of the truncated cone; the taper of the truncated cone is 1:5-10, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1:10-20;
height difference between cone frustum and inverted cone frustum cavity (H-H) =1-2.5 cm (1)
The radius difference (R-R) =1-1.5 cm (2) of the circular ring of the upper plane of the cone frustum
In the formula (1) and the formula (2):
h represents the height of the truncated cone, cm,
h represents the height of the inverted truncated cone cavity, cm,
r represents the radius of the upper plane of the cone frustum, cm,
r represents the radius of the upper plane of the truncated cone cavity, cm;
the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
according to the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content thereof, firstly mixing the fly ash and the aluminum-zirconium composite sol for 5-15 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the magnesite fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder, the cerium oxide fine powder and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 15-20 min to obtain a mixture B; then, the mixture B is trapped for 12 to 24 hours and is pressed and molded under the condition of 60 to 100MPa to obtain a biscuit, and the biscuit is dried for 12 to 24 hours under the condition of 100 to 120 ℃; heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃/min, heating to 1200-1400 ℃ at the speed of 1.5-2.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, cooling with a furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
2. The method for preparing the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash is characterized in that: al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 30 weight percent, siO 2 More than or equal to 50 weight percent of the total weight of the product; the average particle size of the fly ash is less than or equal to 150 mu m.
3. The method for preparing the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the MgO content of the magnesite fine powder is more than or equal to 45wt%; the average grain size of the magnesite fine powder is smaller than 74 mu m.
4. The method for preparing the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element according to claim 1, wherein the MgO content of the magnesium oxide fine powder is more than or equal to 96%, and the average particle size of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 45 μm.
5. The method for preparing the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element according to claim 1, wherein the CeO of the cerium oxide fine powder is characterized in that 2 The content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the average grain diameter of the cerium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
6. The method for preparing the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element according to claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the waste silicon molybdenum rod fine powder is less than or equal to 45 μm.
7. The method for preparing the fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-zirconium composite sol is characterized in that: zrO (ZrO) 2 The content is more than or equal to 5 weight percent; al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 10 weight percent.
8. A fly ash-based high temperature infrared directional radiation element characterized in that the fly ash-based high temperature infrared directional radiation element is prepared according to the method for preparing a fly ash-based high temperature infrared directional radiation element of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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