CN114890466A - Titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114890466A
CN114890466A CN202210584298.XA CN202210584298A CN114890466A CN 114890466 A CN114890466 A CN 114890466A CN 202210584298 A CN202210584298 A CN 202210584298A CN 114890466 A CN114890466 A CN 114890466A
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titanium dioxide
quantum dot
solution
photocatalyst
dioxide quantum
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Inventor
郑世政
胡长员
张翠青
戴可捷
唐雁
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Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
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Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
    • C01G23/053—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially adding a glacial acetic acid solution and a nitric acid solution into water, dropwise adding a tetra-isopropyl titanate solution or a n-butyl titanate solution at a constant speed, then adjusting the pH to 0.7-4, and finally heating in a water bath at 40-80 ℃ for 5-20h to obtain the titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst. The invention solves the problem of commercial TiO 2 And conventional sol-gel processPreparation of TiO 2 The problem of large particle size. Meanwhile, the quantum-grade anatase phase photocatalyst structure can expose more photocatalytic reaction sites and increase the adsorption of pollutant molecules; in addition, the quantum scale can shorten the migration distance of carriers, improve the carrier separation efficiency and improve the photocatalytic performance. The composite material has good film forming property on glass and indoor furniture, and can be applied to removing indoor volatile gas and organic matters in sewage.

Description

Titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of synthesis of titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalysts, and particularly relates to a titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Because of the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and safety, the photocatalysis technology is considered as an ideal means for treating environmental pollution. TiO 2 2 A photocatalyst which is widely used because of its high chemical stability and excellent catalytic degradation performance. However, since commercial TiO is currently available 2 The particles of (a) are large and have poor dispersibility in water, and it is difficult to form a uniform film on glass and indoor furniture. Meanwhile, larger particles can inhibit the separation of photon-generated carriers and reduce the photocatalytic decomposition performance. The preparation of the small-size photocatalytic material, namely the nanocrystallization of the photocatalyst, can expose surface reaction active sites, shorten the electron migration distance and reduce the recombination efficiency of electron hole pairs. In addition, the nanocrystallization of the photocatalyst can increase the specific surface area, is favorable for the enrichment of volatile organic molecules on the surface of the photocatalyst, and further improves the photocatalytic activity.
In general, anatase phase TiO 2 Has higher catalytic performance than rutile phase, and the conventional preparation method is to obtain rutile phase TiO firstly 2 Then calcining at high temperature (more than 500 ℃) to finally obtain anatase phase TiO 2 . However, high temperature calcination can result in TiO 2 The agglomeration of the particles is large, and the removal of the surface hydroxyl groups is not beneficial to the improvement of the photocatalytic performance, and can cause the waste of energy sources. The sol-gel method is used for preparing TiO with uniform grain diameter 2 However, TiO prepared by the sol-gel method 2 The particle size of (2) is usually large (about 30-80 nm), which is not favorable for the separation of electron-hole pairs and the enrichment of surface organic molecules. In addition, the surface hydroxyl concentration was on TiO 2 The effect of the catalytic performance of the photocatalyst has not been reported. From the above it can be seen that TiO is currently prepared for sol-gel processes 2 The material also presents particlesLarger, insufficient photocatalytic performance and less research on the concentration of surface hydroxyl.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, which specifically adopt the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst comprises the following steps: sequentially adding a glacial acetic acid solution and a nitric acid solution into water, uniformly stirring, dropwise adding a tetraisopropyl titanate solution or a n-butyl titanate solution at a constant speed while stirring, then dropwise adding a sodium carbonate solution to adjust the pH to 0.7-4, and finally heating in a water bath at 40-80 ℃ for 5-20h to obtain a titanium dioxide quantum dot hydrosol, namely the titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst.
The preparation method comprises adopting low-temperature sol-gel method, changing the concentration of titanium precursor and the pH value of the solution to realize TiO 2 And regulating and controlling the concentration of the quantum dots, the concentration of surface hydroxyl groups and the particle size of the particles.
Preferably, in the above preparation method, the glacial acetic acid solution has a volume fraction of 10 to 25%, the nitric acid solution has a mass fraction of 1 to 5%, the tetraisopropyl titanate solution or n-butyl titanate solution has a volume fraction of 3 to 5%, and the sodium carbonate solution has a mass fraction of 5 to 40 wt%.
Preferably, in the above preparation method, the ratio of water: glacial acetic acid solution: nitric acid solution: tetraisopropyl titanate solution or n-butyl titanate solution 500mL ═ 100-: 10-50 mL: 1-5 mL: 3-15 mL.
The titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst prepared by the preparation method belongs to an anatase phase, the surface of the titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst is rich in hydroxyl groups, the particle size is uniform, the particle size is 3-10nm, and the quantum level is achieved. This quantum grade TiO with uniform particle size 2 The specific surface area can be increased, more photocatalytic reaction sites are exposed, the adsorption of pollutant molecules is increased, the carrier separation efficiency is improved, and the photocatalytic performance is improved. The methyl orange light degradation rate constant is 5.67 times of that of a traditional sol-gel method sample. Quantum dot grade TiO 2 The photocatalyst has good film forming property on glass and indoor furniture and can be appliedRemoving volatile gas and organic matters in the sewage indoors.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problem of commercial TiO 2 And the traditional sol-gel method for preparing TiO 2 The problem of large particle size. Meanwhile, the quantum-grade anatase phase photocatalyst structure can expose more photocatalytic reaction sites and increase the adsorption of pollutant molecules; in addition, the quantum scale can shorten the migration distance of carriers, improve the carrier separation efficiency and improve the photocatalytic performance. The composite material has good film forming property on glass and indoor furniture, and can be applied to removing indoor volatile gas and organic matters in sewage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the quantum grade TiO prepared by the present invention 2 Transmission electron microscope photographs of (a);
FIG. 2 shows quantum grade TiO prepared by the present invention 2 X-ray diffraction patterns of (a);
FIG. 3 shows quantum grade TiO prepared by the present invention 2 And TiO obtained by conventional calcination 2 Degrading a 15mg/L methyl orange dye by using a photocatalysis performance graph;
FIG. 4 shows quantum grade TiO prepared by the present invention 2 And TiO obtained by conventional calcination 2 Graph of photocatalytic degradation rate.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, aspects and effects of the present invention.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
taking 100mL of water, 10mL of glacial acetic acid solution (volume fraction is 10 percent) and 1mL of HNO 3 The solution (volume fraction 1%) was added to a 200mL beaker in sequence and stirred magnetically. Dropwise adding 3mL (volume fraction is 3%) of TIP (tetraisopropyl titanate) solution into the mixed solution at a constant speed, and continuing magnetic stirring; after the dropwise addition is finished, Na with the mass fraction of 10 percent wt is dropwise added into the mixed solution 2 CO 3 Solution, conditioning mixThe pH of the resultant solution was 4. Transferring the mixed solution into a water bath kettle at 80 ℃, and heating in water bath for 8 hours to obtain TiO 2 Quantum dot hydrosol.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
200mL of water, 40mL of glacial acetic acid solution (volume fraction is 20 percent) and 4mL of HNO 3 The solution (volume fraction: 2%) was added to 500mL beaker in sequence and stirred magnetically. Dropwise adding 8mL (volume fraction of 4%) of TIP solution into the mixed solution at a constant speed, and continuing magnetic stirring; after the dropwise addition is finished, Na with the mass fraction of 20 percent wt is dropwise added into the mixed solution 2 CO 3 And (4) adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 3.5. Transferring the mixed solution into a water bath kettle at 60 ℃, and heating in water bath for 10h to obtain TiO 2 Quantum dot hydrosol.
Example 3:
detection experiment:
(1) for quantum grade TiO prepared in example 1 2 The results of the tests are shown in FIGS. 1-2. FIG. 1 shows a quantum grade TiO prepared in example 1 2 The transmission electron microscope photograph shows that the TiO can be seen 2 Has a size of about 5-8 nm. FIG. 2 shows quantum grade TiO prepared in example 1 2 The X-ray diffraction pattern of (2) shows TiO 2 Is anatase phase.
(2) Preparing a dye: methyl orange is selected as a target dye molecule, 10mg of methyl orange is weighed and dissolved in 1000mL of deionized water, and ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 60min to obtain a uniformly dispersed methyl orange solution. Detecting the absorbance of the methyl orange solution by a spectrophotometer to be A0;
the photocatalytic test process comprises the following steps: 20mg of TiO from example 1 were weighed 2 Adding butterfly magnetic stirrer and 60mL of 10mg/L methyl orange solution into quantum dots, and ultrasonically dispersing for 10s to obtain TiO 2 The quantum dots are uniformly dispersed in the methyl orange solution. And (3) opening circulating water cooling and magnetic stirring, firstly allowing the photocatalyst to adsorb the dye under the dark condition, and reaching adsorption balance within 1 hour. Then, the mercury lamp was turned on to perform the photocatalytic test, the reaction solution was taken every 15min, and the absorbance was measured, therebyTo TiO 2 2 The photocatalytic performance of the quantum dots was evaluated.
As a result, as shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that the removal rate of methyl orange molecules reached 100% after the irradiation of ultraviolet light for 45 minutes; from the photo-photograph in the inset it can be seen that after the photocatalytic reaction the orange solution has become colourless, directly indicating the removal of the methyl orange molecule. From the photocatalytic degradation rate graph shown in FIG. 4, quantum-grade TiO was obtained 2 The degradation rate of (A) is 0.085min -1 And TiO obtained by conventional calcination 2 (rutile phase is obtained by the traditional sol-gel method, and anatase phase TiO is obtained by calcining 2 ) The degradation rate of (2) is 0.015min -1 I.e. quantum grade TiO 2 Is conventionally calcined TiO 2 5.67 times of. The excellent photocatalytic degradation performance is mainly derived from quantum-grade TiO 2 The catalyst has large specific surface area, so that dye molecules can be enriched on the surface of the catalyst, more reactive sites can be exposed, and the catalytic reaction can be accelerated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention as long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means. The invention is capable of other modifications and variations in its technical solution and/or its implementation, within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of a titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps: sequentially adding a glacial acetic acid solution and a nitric acid solution into water, uniformly stirring, dropwise adding a tetraisopropyl titanate solution or a n-butyl titanate solution at a constant speed while stirring, then dropwise adding a sodium carbonate solution to adjust the pH to 0.7-4, and finally heating in a water bath at 40-80 ℃ for 5-20h to obtain a titanium dioxide quantum dot hydrosol, namely the titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the glacial acetic acid solution has a volume fraction of 10 to 25%, the nitric acid solution has a mass fraction of 1 to 5%, the tetraisopropyl titanate solution or n-butyl titanate solution has a volume fraction of 3 to 5%, and the sodium carbonate solution has a mass fraction of 5 to 40 wt%.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the ratio of water: glacial acetic acid solution: nitric acid solution: tetraisopropyl titanate solution or n-butyl titanate solution 500mL ═ 100-: 10-50 mL: 1-5 mL: 3-15 mL.
4. A titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst, characterized in that the titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst as claimed in claim 4, wherein the particle size of the titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst is 3-10 nm.
6. The use of the titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst of claim 4 or 5 in the field of photocatalytic degradation.
7. Use according to claim 6, in particular in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.
8. Use according to claim 7, wherein the organic contaminant is formaldehyde or toluene.
CN202210584298.XA 2022-05-27 2022-05-27 Titanium dioxide quantum dot photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN114890466A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1522954A (en) * 2003-09-10 2004-08-25 河北工业大学 Tourmaline/titanium dioxide composite collosol and preparing method and use thereof
CN1699181A (en) * 2005-04-30 2005-11-23 东南大学 Process for preparing anatase type TiO2 sol
CN1927949A (en) * 2006-07-20 2007-03-14 厦门大学 Method of preparing anatase type titanium dioxide dispersion at low temperature by hot-liquid method
CN102658103A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-09-12 太原理工大学 Preparation method and application of high-active-dispersibility nanometer titanium dioxide
CN105366715A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-03-02 江苏腾盛纺织科技集团有限公司 Photocatalyst nano TiO2 hydrosol preparation method, hydrosol obtained by the same and application thereof
WO2016098127A1 (en) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-23 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research NOVEL TITANIUM DIOXIDE - GRAPHENE QUANTUM DOTS (TiO2-GQDS) HYBRID MULTIFUNCTIONAL MATERIAL AND PREPARATION THEREOF

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1522954A (en) * 2003-09-10 2004-08-25 河北工业大学 Tourmaline/titanium dioxide composite collosol and preparing method and use thereof
CN1699181A (en) * 2005-04-30 2005-11-23 东南大学 Process for preparing anatase type TiO2 sol
CN1927949A (en) * 2006-07-20 2007-03-14 厦门大学 Method of preparing anatase type titanium dioxide dispersion at low temperature by hot-liquid method
CN102658103A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-09-12 太原理工大学 Preparation method and application of high-active-dispersibility nanometer titanium dioxide
WO2016098127A1 (en) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-23 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research NOVEL TITANIUM DIOXIDE - GRAPHENE QUANTUM DOTS (TiO2-GQDS) HYBRID MULTIFUNCTIONAL MATERIAL AND PREPARATION THEREOF
CN105366715A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-03-02 江苏腾盛纺织科技集团有限公司 Photocatalyst nano TiO2 hydrosol preparation method, hydrosol obtained by the same and application thereof

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