CN114888371B - Device for machining multiple groups of holes in embedded part and application method of device - Google Patents
Device for machining multiple groups of holes in embedded part and application method of device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114888371B CN114888371B CN202210753135.XA CN202210753135A CN114888371B CN 114888371 B CN114888371 B CN 114888371B CN 202210753135 A CN202210753135 A CN 202210753135A CN 114888371 B CN114888371 B CN 114888371B
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q16/00—Equipment for precise positioning of tool or work into particular locations not otherwise provided for
- B23Q16/02—Indexing equipment
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- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device for electrically machining multiple groups of holes of an embedded part and a use method thereof, wherein a first plane of a positioning plate and a second plane of the positioning plate are arranged on the positioning plate, five positioning bolts are arranged and correspond to five angles respectively, and the first plane of the positioning plate and the second plane of the positioning plate are respectively contacted with cylindrical surfaces of the positioning bolts inserted into a first indexing hole, a second indexing hole, a third indexing hole, a fourth indexing hole and a fifth indexing hole to realize indexing, so that 6 groups of small holes on two different circles can be machined, 5 angles of two different circles can be met, the indexing requirement that the two angles differ less is met, the structure is simple and compact, the operation is convenient, and the problems of complex structure, large volume and inconvenient operation of the conventional device are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric machining and manufacturing, and relates to a device for electric machining of multiple groups of holes of an embedded part and a use method of the device.
Background
The embedded part is one of engine parts, is a precision casting special-shaped part, 3 groups of small holes are respectively distributed on different concentric two-section circles, the central lines of the holes of each group are parallel to each other, the hole distance is smaller, the central lines of the holes of the middle two groups are parallel to the symmetrical central plane of the part, two groups of inclined holes are symmetrically distributed on two sides, 7 holes of each group are distributed on the same side of the two-section circles, the angles of the inclined holes on the same side of the two-section circles are different, and the difference is smaller. As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the maximum outline outer diameter of a circular arc is R62.02mm, the distance between a first row of holes and a surface A is 8mm, the radius of an inlet pitch circle is R58.3mm, the included angle between a side inclined hole and the symmetrical center plane of a part is 34 degrees, the hole spacing of each group of holes is 4.4mm, the aperture is phi 1, the distance between a second row of holes and the surface A is 12.5mm, the radius of the inlet pitch circle is R57.9mm, the included angle between the side inclined hole and the symmetrical center plane of the part is 36 degrees, the hole spacing of each group of holes is 4.6mm, the aperture is phi 1.5, the center distance between the circular arc R62.02 and the pitch circle R57.9 is 2mm, and the center distance between the pitch circle R57.9 and R58.3 is 0.4mm. The standard requires that the A surface and the R62.02 arc are used for positioning, the B surface is pressed by positioning in the angular direction, the common three-coordinate electric spark forming machine tool is used for processing, the machine tool workbench can only translate and not rotate, the main shaft for clamping the electrode can only move along the direction vertical to the workbench surface and cannot incline, the rotating shaft and bolt indexing mode is adopted conventionally, the indexing holes are not opened in one pitch circle cloth, two pitch circles are needed, and the indexing bolts are simultaneously inserted into the two holes to realize indexing, so that the positioning device has complex structure, large volume and inconvenient operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for machining multiple groups of holes by using an embedded part and a using method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of complex structure, large volume and inconvenient operation of a positioning device when the embedded part is used for machining 6 groups of holes on two different circles.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the device for the electric machining of the multiple groups of holes of the embedded part comprises a bottom plate, wherein a vertical plate is arranged on the bottom plate, a positioning plate is arranged on the vertical plate through a rotating shaft, an embedded part fixing mechanism is arranged on the positioning plate and used for positioning and fixing the embedded part on the positioning plate, and when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate, the axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the A face of the embedded part and passes through the circle center of the circular arc maximum outline of the embedded part; the positioning plate is provided with a first positioning plate plane and a second positioning plate plane; the vertical plate is provided with a first indexing hole, a second indexing hole, a third indexing hole, a fourth indexing hole and a fifth indexing hole which are respectively used for installing a first positioning bolt, a second positioning bolt, a third positioning bolt, a fourth positioning bolt and a fifth positioning bolt;
when the positioning plate is used, the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate, the bottom plate is positioned and fixed on the working table surface of the machine tool, when the second plane of the positioning plate is in tangential contact with the outer circle of the first positioning bolt, the machining electrode can machine two rows of holes in the middle of the embedded part to be machined, when the second plane of the positioning plate is in tangential contact with the outer circle of the second positioning bolt, the machining electrode can machine the left second row of holes of the embedded part to be machined, when the second plane of the positioning plate is in tangential contact with the outer circle of the third positioning bolt, the machining electrode can machine the left first row of holes of the embedded part to be machined, when the first plane of the positioning plate is in tangential contact with the outer circle of the fourth positioning bolt, the machining electrode can machine the right first row of holes of the embedded part to be machined.
Preferably, the insert fixing mechanism comprises a limiting block and an adjusting piece which are fixed on the positioning plate; the positioning plate is provided with a third plane of the positioning plate, and the limiting block is provided with a first limiting block plane and a second limiting block plane which are parallel to each other; when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate, the first plane of the limiting block is contacted with one end face of the embedded part to be processed, one side face of the adjusting piece is contacted with the third plane of the positioning plate, and the other side face of the adjusting piece is contacted with the second plane of the limiting block.
Further, the insert fixing mechanism comprises at least two locating pins and at least two adjusting supports, wherein the locating pins and the adjusting supports are arranged on the locating plate; the locating plate is provided with a locating plate fourth plane, when the embedded part is fixed on the mounting plate, the A surface of the embedded part is attached to the locating plate fourth plane, the outer circle of each locating pin is in tangential contact with the circular arc maximum outline of the embedded part, the top of the adjusting support is an outer cone, and the outer cone is in contact with the inner side surface of the embedded part.
Further, the embedded part fixing mechanism comprises a pressing plate, a pressing plate first plane is arranged on the pressing plate, the pressing plate is provided with a pressing plate second plane, when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate, the pressing plate second plane is in contact with the B face of the embedded part, and the pressing plate is fixed on a positioning plate fourth plane on the positioning plate through a screw penetrating into the pressing plate first plane.
Further, the pressing plate is provided with an arc surface, the positioning plate is provided with a positioning plate fifth plane parallel to the positioning plate fourth plane, and the arc surface is attached to the positioning plate fifth plane.
Preferably, the device further comprises a left guide plate, a middle guide plate and a right guide plate which are fixed on the positioning plate; two rows of electrode guide holes are formed in the left guide plate, and when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate, the two rows of electrode guide holes in the left guide plate correspond to the two rows of holes on the left to-be-processed of the embedded part; two rows of electrode guide holes are formed in the middle guide plate, and when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate, the two rows of electrode guide holes in the middle guide plate correspond to the two rows of holes in the middle of the embedded part to be processed; two rows of electrode guide holes are formed in the right guide plate, and when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate, the two rows of electrode guide holes in the right guide plate correspond to the two rows of holes in the right to-be-processed of the embedded part.
Further, all be provided with insulating spacer between left side guide board, middle guide board and the right side guide board and the locating plate, left side guide board, middle guide board and right side guide board are fixed on the locating plate through connecting screw and cylindric lock that runs through insulating bush.
Further, the device also comprises two alignment needles, wherein two alignment holes are formed in the middle guide plate and used for inserting the alignment needles, and when the embedded part is installed, the alignment needles are used for aligning the score lines on the embedded part.
Preferably, the support plate is arranged on the vertical plate, and when the support plate is used, the top surface of the support plate is in contact with the outer circle of the second positioning bolt, the third positioning bolt, the fourth positioning bolt or the fifth positioning bolt.
The application method of the device for machining a plurality of groups of holes by the aid of the embedded part comprises the following steps: the device for electrically machining a plurality of groups of holes of the embedded part is arranged on the working table surface of the machine tool through a bottom plate, and the embedded part is positioned and fixed on a positioning plate;
when two rows of holes in the middle of the embedded part are machined, a first positioning bolt is inserted into the first indexing hole, the positioning plate is rotated until the second plane of the positioning plate contacts with the outer circle of the first positioning bolt, then the positioning plate is fixed, and two rows of holes in the middle of the embedded part are machined;
when the first row of holes on the right side of the embedded part is processed, a fourth positioning bolt is inserted into the fourth indexing hole, the positioning plate is rotated until the first plane of the positioning plate contacts with the outer circle of the fourth positioning bolt, then the positioning plate is fixed, and the first row of holes on the right side of the embedded part is processed;
when the second row of holes on the right side of the embedded part is processed, a fifth positioning bolt is inserted into the fifth indexing hole, the positioning plate is rotated until the first plane of the positioning plate contacts with the outer circle of the fifth positioning bolt, then the positioning plate is fixed, and the second row of holes on the right side of the embedded part is processed;
when the first row of holes on the left side of the embedded part is processed, inserting a third positioning bolt into the third indexing hole, rotating the positioning plate until the second plane of the positioning plate contacts with the outer circle of the third positioning bolt, fixing the positioning plate (3), and processing the first row of holes on the left side of the embedded part;
and when the second row of holes on the left side of the embedded part is machined, inserting a second positioning bolt into the second indexing hole, rotating the positioning plate until the second plane of the positioning plate contacts with the outer circle of the second positioning bolt, fixing the positioning plate, and machining the second row of holes on the left side of the embedded part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention innovatively designs the indexing mechanism, a first plane of the positioning plate and a second plane of the positioning plate are arranged on the positioning plate, five positioning bolts are arranged and correspond to five angles respectively, indexing is realized by the contact of the first plane of the positioning plate and the second plane of the positioning plate with the cylindrical surfaces of the positioning bolts inserted into the first indexing hole, the second indexing hole, the third indexing hole, the fourth indexing hole and the fifth indexing hole respectively, and the processing of 6 groups of small holes on the two different circles is realized, so that 5 angles of the two different circles can be met, the indexing requirement that the two angles differ less is met, the structure is simple and compact, the operation is convenient, and the problems of complex structure, large volume and inconvenient operation of the conventional device are solved.
Furthermore, because the insert is selected to be used for fixing the angle direction of the score line in fig. 2, the score line is positioned outside the part to be processed at the middle hole position, the part is required to be separated when the existing angle positioning mechanism is processed, the operation is time-consuming, and the positioning is unreliable. According to the invention, the limiting block is added on one side of the embedded part, and the adjusting piece is arranged because of the deviation of the sizes of each batch of parts, and the thickness of the adjusting piece is repaired according to the needs of each batch of parts, so that the angle is directly fixed through the limiting block.
Further, because the locating circle is not concentric with the pitch circle of the processing hole distribution, the guide plate is installed on the vertical plate according to the conventional method, the guide plate at least needs 3 groups, if the electrode is replaced twice, the guide plate at least needs to be replaced 5 times during processing, if the guide plate is replaced 3 times, the electrode at least needs to be replaced 4 times, the operation is inconvenient, and the error is easy. In order to facilitate operation, the guide plates are fixed on the positioning plate, and the left side, the right side and the middle guide plates are respectively arranged, so that frequent replacement of the guide plates is not needed, and the operation flow is greatly simplified.
Furthermore, because the electrode guide plate needs to be insulated from the part during electric spark machining, the distance between machining holes is too small to realize single hole insulation according to the conventional method, the invention uses the insulating gasket between the guide plate and the positioning plate, and the connecting screw and the cylindrical pin both use the insulating bush to realize the insulation between the guide plate and the positioning device.
Furthermore, in order to realize angular positioning, two alignment needles are arranged to align the scribing lines, and when cone sharp points of the two alignment needles are aligned with the scribing lines simultaneously, the angular positioning is finished, and during processing, the alignment needles are removed.
Furthermore, the invention is provided with the locating pin, the excircle of the locating pin is tangent with the maximum contour of the circular arc of the embedded part to realize the locating, and in order to prevent the part from moving downwards to be separated from the locating pin during processing, the inner side surface of the embedded part is provided with two adjusting supports.
Furthermore, the embedded part is further fixed through the pressing plate, and the waist groove is arranged to conveniently adjust the pressing part and facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the embedded part.
Furthermore, because the distance between the B surface of the embedded part and the fifth plane of the positioning plate has dimensional tolerance, the distance between the second plane of the pressing plate and the high point of the arc surface also has dimensional tolerance, the arc surface is made into an arc surface, the height between the second plane of the pressing plate and the arc surface is convenient to adjust, and the second plane of the pressing plate is well attached to the B surface of the embedded part.
Further, in order to prevent the locating plate from contacting with the locating bolt when processing the two side holes, the locating bolt is stressed and deformed, and the support plate is arranged to support the locating bolt, so that the structure is stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a machine insert;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the positioning device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the positioning device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a D-D cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the base plate 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of riser 2;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a support plate 16;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the shaft (15);
fig. 13 is a front view of the positioning plate 3;
fig. 14 is an a-direction view of the positioning plate 3;
FIG. 15 is a top view of the positioning plate 3;
fig. 16 is a schematic view of the positioning pin 9;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the stop block 10;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of an adjustment support 4;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of platen 14;
fig. 20 is a schematic view of the intermediate guide plate 7;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of alignment needle 12;
fig. 22 is a schematic view of the insulating bush 13 for screw;
fig. 23 is a schematic view of the insulating bush 17 for cylindrical pins;
fig. 24 is a schematic view of an insulating spacer 5;
fig. 25 is a schematic view of the left guide plate 6;
fig. 26 is a schematic view of the right guide plate 8.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described below in conjunction with the following examples, which are provided to further illustrate the features and advantages of the present invention and are not intended to limit the claims of the present invention.
The invention discloses a device for electric machining of multiple groups of holes of an embedded part, wherein the embedded part is a small-diameter special-shaped arc section, the electric machining of multiple groups of holes is realized by adopting a common three-coordinate electric spark forming machine tool to machine 44 small holes with 5 angles in total on 6 groups distributed on two concentric circles on the small-diameter special-shaped arc section, and the angles of the same-side inclined holes on the two circles have smaller differences.
As shown in fig. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, the positioning device of the present invention comprises a bottom plate 1, a vertical plate 2, a positioning plate 3, an adjusting support 4, an insulating spacer 5, a left guide plate 6, a middle guide plate 7, a right guide plate 8, a positioning pin 9, a stopper 10, a tab 11, an alignment pin 12, an insulating bush 13 for screws, a pressing plate 14, a rotating shaft 15, a support plate 16, an insulating bush 17 for cylindrical pins, a positioning bush, a positioning pin, a washer 19, a shoulder hexagonal nut 18, a connecting screw and a cylindrical pin. The positioning bush, the positioning bolt and the shoulder hexagonal nut 18 are selected from the national standard machine tool clamp parts and components, and the washer 19, the connecting screw and the cylindrical pin are selected from the national standard fasteners.
The riser 2 is installed on bottom plate 1, pivot 15, extension board 16 and location bolt are installed on riser 2, locating plate 3 is installed on pivot 15, adjust support 4, insulating spacer 5, left side guide board 6, middle guide board 7, right side guide board 8, locating pin 9, stopper 10, tab 11, clamp plate 14 are installed on locating plate 3, insulating bush 13 for the screw, insulating bush 17 for the cylindric lock are installed on left side guide board 6, middle guide board 7, right side guide board 8, alignment needle 12 is installed on middle guide board 7.
The base plate 1 is a flat plate as shown in fig. 9, and is provided with planes 1A, 1B, 1D, wherein the plane 1A is parallel to the plane 1D. In order to facilitate alignment of the angular position of the positioning device during machining, an alignment surface 1B perpendicular to the plane 1A is provided on the base plate 1. The middle upper part of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a group of screw through holes and cylindrical pin mounting holes, and is also provided with 4 grooves with 1C wall surfaces matched with the T-shaped grooves of the machine tool workbench.
The vertical plate 2 is a flat plate as shown in fig. 10, and is provided with two planes 2A and 2B perpendicular to each other, a group of threaded holes and cylindrical pin mounting holes matched with the screw through holes and the cylindrical pin mounting holes arranged at the middle upper part of the bottom plate 1 are formed in the plane 2A, and the vertical plate 2 is mounted on a plane 1D of the bottom plate 1 through the plane 2A and is positioned through the cylindrical pins, and screws are fastened. The vertical plate 2 is provided with 5 step first indexing holes 2C-1, second indexing holes 2C-2, third indexing holes 2C-3, fourth indexing holes 2C-4 and fifth indexing holes 2C-5, the positions of the 5 step holes are required to meet indexing requirements, the first positioning bush 21, the second positioning bush, the third positioning bush, the fourth positioning bush and the fifth positioning bush are respectively arranged in the indexing holes 2C-1, 2C-2, 2C-3, 2C-4 and 2C-5, the first positioning bush 21, the second positioning bush, the third positioning bush, the fourth positioning bush and the fifth positioning bush are respectively provided with a first positioning bolt 22, a second positioning bolt, a third positioning bolt, a fourth positioning bolt and a fifth positioning bolt, and the positioning bushes and the corresponding positioning bolts are in small clearance fit, so that the mounting bushes have the advantages of being wear-resistant, being convenient to replace after being worn, and being convenient for guaranteeing the processing requirements. In order to prevent the assembly of the positioning plate 3, which mounts the insert and other components when the two side holes are machined, from being inclined until being in contact with the positioning pins inserted into the second or third or fourth indexing holes 2C-2 or 2C-3 or 2C-4 or 2C-5 of fig. 4, by force-deforming the positioning pins, a support plate 16 is provided, which is mounted on the vertical plate 2 as shown in fig. 11, and is compressed by a second screw 27 screwed into the threaded hole 2D in the plane 2B through a waist slot in the middle of the support plate 16 when it is in contact with the positioning pins. The rotating shaft 15 is a stepped shaft, as shown in fig. 12, and is mounted in a stepped hole 2E in the vertical plate 2, as shown in fig. 6, a plane 15A is attached to a large hole stepped surface of the stepped hole 2E in the vertical plate 2, a cylinder 15B has the same nominal size as the hole 2E and is in interference fit, and after the rotating shaft 15 is assembled, a first cylindrical pin 24 is disposed at the outer circle of the large cylindrical section at the left end of the rotating shaft 15, and the first cylindrical pin 24 penetrates through the rotating shaft 15 and extends into the vertical plate 2 to complete the mounting of the rotating shaft 15.
As shown in fig. 13, 14 and 15, the positioning plate 3 is provided with a sixth positioning plate plane 3A, a fourth positioning plate plane 3B, a fifth positioning plate plane 3C, a second positioning plate plane 3D, a first positioning plate plane 3E, a third positioning plate plane 3M, a seventh positioning plate plane 3F, an eighth positioning plate plane 3G and a ninth positioning plate plane 3H, wherein the sixth positioning plate plane 3A, the fourth positioning plate plane 3B and the fifth positioning plate plane 3C are parallel to each other, the rest planes are perpendicular to the sixth positioning plate plane 3A, the included angles between the ninth positioning plate plane 3H and the seventh positioning plate plane 3F and the symmetry plane are B, in one embodiment, the B is 56 ° positioning plate plane 3H and the seventh positioning plate plane 3F are perpendicular to the axes of the holes on both sides of the first row of holes in fig. 2; the fourth plane 3B of the locating plate is used for locating the A face of the embedded part, the center of a pitch circle of two holes 3L on the locating plate is concentric with the largest outline outer diameter (R62.02 in figure 2) of the circular arc of the embedded part, the locating pin 9 is arranged in the hole 3L, the outer circle of the locating pin 9 is tangential to the largest outline outer diameter of the circular arc of the embedded part to achieve locating, the locating pin 9 is a cylinder as shown in figure 16, and the cylinder is identical to the nominal size of the hole 3L and is in interference fit. Because the positioning circle and the pitch circle distributed by the processing hole are not concentric, the rotation center of the indexing mechanism is selected at the center of the circular arc maximum outline (for example, the center of R62.02 circle), namely, the center of the hole 3N, and because the embedded part is smaller, for example, the angle of the inclined holes on the same side of the embedded part shown in figure 2 is different by 2 degrees, if the indexing hole is not opened in one pitch circle according to the conventional rotating shaft and bolt indexing mode, two pitch circles are needed, and the indexing bolt is simultaneously inserted into the two holes to realize indexing, so that the positioning device has complex structure, large volume and inconvenient operation. In the innovative design indexing mode, a first plane 3E of the positioning plate and a second plane 3D of the positioning plate, which have an included angle a with a symmetrical plane, are arranged on the positioning plate 3, in a specific embodiment, a is preferably 50 degrees, when the first plane 3E of the positioning plate and the second plane 3D of the positioning plate are respectively contacted with the cylindrical surfaces of the positioning pins inserted into the inner holes of the positioning bushings arranged in the 5 steps of the neutral plate 2 in fig. 10, namely, the first indexing hole 2C-1, the second indexing hole 2C-2, the third indexing hole 2C-3, the fourth indexing hole 2C-4 and the fifth indexing hole 2C-5, the indexing is realized, and the structure is simple and compact, and the operation is convenient. As shown in fig. 6, in order to wear-resistant the sixth positioning bush 23 is installed in the hole 3N, the positioning plate 3 is installed on the cylinder 15C of the rotating shaft 15 installed on the vertical plate 2 through the sixth positioning bush 23 installed in the hole 3N, the inner hole of the sixth positioning bush 23 has the same nominal size as the cylinder 15C and is in small clearance fit, and the sixth plane 3A of the positioning plate is attached to the plane 2B on the vertical plate 2 and is pressed by the shoulder hexagonal nut 18 installed on the stud 15D of the rotating shaft 15. In order to facilitate dimensioning, the positioning plate 3 is also provided with process holes 20.
Because the scribing line in the embedded part figure 2 is used for fixing the angle, the scribing line is positioned at the outer side of the part of the middle hole to be processed, the angle positioning mechanism is required to be separated from the part during processing, the operation is time-consuming, the positioning is unreliable, the limiting block 10 is additionally arranged on the right side of the embedded part in figure 4, the adjusting piece 11 is arranged on the left side of the limiting block second plane 10B of the limiting block 10 due to the deviation of the size of each batch of parts, each batch of parts is provided with the thickness of the adjusting piece according to the requirement, the adjusting piece 11 is annular, the limiting block 10 is arranged on the positioning plate third plane 3M of the positioning plate 3, during installation, one side plane of the adjusting piece 11 is attached to the positioning plate third plane 3M, the other side plane is attached to the limiting block second plane 10B of the limiting block 10, and the other side plane is fixed by screws penetrating through the screw through holes 10D on the plane 10C and the inner holes of the adjusting piece 11 and screwed into the screw holes 3S in the positioning plate third plane 3M of the positioning plate 3. Because every batch of parts uniformity is better, after the first part uses the angular orientation of the score line to fix a position, through reprocessing the thickness of adjustment piece, until stopper first plane 10A of stopper 10 and embedded part right side contact, other parts are direct through stopper 10 angular orientation, and the advantage is that the location is reliable, convenient operation, and stopper 10 is as shown in FIG. 17, is the L template. Since the insert is placed in the state shown in fig. 4 during processing, the circular arc maximum contour of the positioning insert is positioned at the upper end, and in order to prevent the part from moving downwards to be separated from the positioning pin 9 during processing, two adjusting supports 4 are arranged on the inner side surface of the insert, and the adjusting supports 4 are shown in fig. 18 and consist of an outer cone 4A, an outer hexagon 4B and a stud 4C, and are arranged in the threaded hole 3P of the positioning plate, and the outer cone 4A is contacted with or separated from the inner side surface of the insert by adjusting the length by using a hexagonal wrench.
As shown in fig. 19, in order to adjust the pressing position and facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the parts, a waist groove 14C is provided on the pressing plate 14, the pressing plate 14 can move within the scope of the waist groove, the waist groove length must ensure that the pressing plate 14 extends into or out of the insert, when in use, the pressing plate second plane 14A of the pressing plate 14 is placed on the B-plane of the insert in fig. 3, the circular arc surface 14B is attached to the fifth plane 3C of the positioning plate 3, and the pressing of the insert is completed by the first screw 26 penetrating through the waist groove 14C and the washer inner hole under the left side surface thereof and screwed into the threaded hole 3K on the plane 3B of the positioning plate 3. Because the distance between the surface B and the fifth plane 3C of the positioning plate has dimensional tolerance, the distance between the pressing plate second plane 14A of the pressing plate 14 and the high point of the arc surface 14B also has dimensional tolerance, and the arc surface 14B is made into an arc surface, so that the height between the pressing plate second plane 14A and the arc surface 14B can be conveniently adjusted, and the pressing plate second plane 14A is well attached to the surface B of the embedded part.
Because location circle and processing hole distribution pitch circle are non-concentric, install the guide board on riser 2 according to the conventionality, the guide board needs 3 sets of at least, if the electrode is changed twice, at least, need change 5 guide boards during the processing, if change 3 guide boards, the electrode need change 4 times at least, the operation is inconvenient, still makeshift easily, for convenient operation, fix the guide board on locating plate 3, because electrode guide board needs to be insulating with the part during electric spark machining, processing hole interval is too little, can't accomplish single hole insulation conventionally, insulating sleeve + steel bushing, if the guide board adopts non-metallic material, be out of shape and wear easily, so adopt wear-resisting rigidity, the material selects CrWMn, use insulating spacer between electrode guide board and positioner, connecting screw and cylindric lock all use insulating bush, realize guide board and positioner insulation.
As shown in fig. 20, the middle guide plate 7 is provided with two rows of small holes 7B, 7C corresponding to the positions where the insert needs to process the middle two groups of holes, i.e. electrode guide holes, whose apertures are respectively the same as the nominal size of the electrodes used for processing the holes and fit with a small clearance. The insulating bush 13 for screw is shown in fig. 22, it is installed in hole 7D through outer cylinder 13B, interference fit between the two, step surface 3A is laminated with the plane of middle guide plate 7, insulating bush 17 for cylindric lock is shown in fig. 23, install in two holes 7E through outer cylinder, interference fit between the two, the hole of insulating bush 13 for screw that hole 7D installed and the hole of insulating bush 17 for cylindric lock installed in two holes 7E match with a set of screw holes and cylindric lock mounting holes that distribute on the eighth plane 3G of locating plate 3. As shown in fig. 24, the insulating spacer 5 is provided with a set of cylindrical pins and screw holes matched with the cylindrical pin mounting holes and the threaded holes distributed on the eighth plane 3G of the positioning plate 3. As shown in fig. 8, the insulating spacer 5 is mounted on the eighth plane 3G of the positioning plate 3, and the intermediate guide plate 7 is mounted on the insulating spacer 5 and positioned by a cylindrical pin and pressed by a screw. The left guide plate 6 and the right guide plate 8 are mounted on the positioning plate ninth plane 3H and the positioning plate seventh plane 3F of the positioning plate 3 through the insulating spacers 5, respectively, like the intermediate guide plate 7. As shown in fig. 25 and 26, the left guide plate 6 and the right guide plate 8 have a first row of holes with straight holes and a second row of holes with inclined holes, and the angle difference between the two rows of holes is 2 degrees as same as the angle difference between the inclined holes on the same side of the insert.
In order to realize angular positioning, two alignment needles are arranged to align the scribing lines, the alignment needle 12 is shown in fig. 21, the cylinder 12A is a clamping section, in order to facilitate operation, a hanging hole is further formed in the outer circle knurling, the cylinder 12B is a guide section, the guide section is arranged in the alignment hole 7A on the middle guide plate 7, nominal sizes of the guide section and the cylindrical section are the same, the guide section and the centering hole are in small clearance fit, in order to facilitate observation, the taper of the cone 12 is smaller than 30 degrees, the cone 12C and the cylinder 12B have concentric requirements, and the point is kept, when the taper of the cone 12C of the two alignment needles 12 is aligned with the scribing lines at the same time, the angular positioning is completed, and during processing, the alignment needle 12 is detached.
When the positioning device is used, the plane 1A on the bottom plate 1 in the positioning device is attached to the working table surface of the machine tool, the plane 1B is straightened, then a T-shaped bolt on the machine tool penetrates into the groove 1C, and the positioning device is tightly pressed by a nut, so that the positioning device is installed. And then the surface of the embedded part A is attached to the fourth plane 3B of the positioning plate 3, the outer circular arc of the embedded part is contacted with the outer circle of the positioning pin 9, the embedded part is rotated until the sharp point of the cone 12C of the 2 alignment pins 12 arranged on the middle guide plate 7 is pointed on the scribing line in the figure 2, the thickness of the adjusting piece 11 is repaired, the first plane 10A of the limiting block 10 is contacted with the right side of the embedded part, the alignment pins 12 are removed, the positioning of the embedded part is completed, then the pressing plate 14 is used for pressing, and the adjusting support 4 is rotated to enable the cone 4A of the embedded part to be contacted with the inner side of the embedded part, so that the installation of the embedded part is completed. The first positioning bolt 22 is inserted into the first indexing hole 2C-1 in FIG. 4, the hexagonal nut 18 with shoulder, which is arranged on the rotating shaft 15 in FIG. 6, is unscrewed for two circles, the positioning plate 3 is rotated until the second plane 3D of the positioning plate contacts with the outer circle of the first positioning bolt 22, the hexagonal nut 18 with shoulder is screwed down again, and the first cylindrical pin 24 is inserted, and the middle hole is processed. After the middle hole is machined, the shoulder hexagonal nut 18 is unscrewed for two circles, the first positioning bolt 22 is pulled out, the positioning plate 3 is rotated, the first plane 3E of the positioning plate 3 in fig. 4 is contacted with the outer circle of the fourth positioning bolt inserted into the fourth indexing hole 2C-4 or the outer circle of the fifth positioning bolt inserted into the fifth indexing hole 2C-5, the shoulder hexagonal nut 18 is screwed down and inserted into the first cylindrical pin 24, and the position of the support plate 16 is adjusted to be propped against the outer circle of the fourth positioning bolt or the outer circle of the fifth positioning bolt so as to machine the right side first row hole or the right side second row hole. Similarly, when the second plane 3D of the positioning plate 3 in fig. 4 contacts with the outer circle of the second positioning pin inserted into the second indexing hole 2C-2 or the third positioning pin inserted into the third indexing hole 2C-3, the position of the support plate 16 is adjusted to be propped against the outer circle of the positioning pin, so as to process the first row of holes or the second row of holes on the left side.
The device solves the problems that when the embedded part processes 6 groups of small holes on two different circles, the indexing mechanism, the guiding mechanism and the angular positioning mechanism of the positioning device are not easy to design and the processing requirement is not easy to guarantee. The positioning device has the advantages of novel and compact structure, accurate and reliable positioning, reasonable and simple indexing, easy manufacture, safe and convenient operation, meets the processing requirements of multiple groups of small holes of the embedded part, and provides reference experience for similar problems.
Claims (10)
1. The device for the electric machining of the multiple groups of holes of the embedded part is characterized by comprising a bottom plate (1), wherein a vertical plate (2) is arranged on the bottom plate (1), a positioning plate (3) is arranged on the vertical plate (2) through a rotating shaft (15), an embedded part fixing mechanism is arranged on the positioning plate (3) and used for positioning and fixing the embedded part on the positioning plate (3), and when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate (3), the axis of the rotating shaft (15) is perpendicular to the A surface of the embedded part and passes through the circle center of the circular arc maximum outline of the embedded part; the positioning plate (3) is provided with a first positioning plate plane (3E) and a second positioning plate plane (3D); the vertical plate (2) is provided with a first indexing hole (2C-1), a second indexing hole (2C-2), a third indexing hole (2C-3), a fourth indexing hole (2C-4) and a fifth indexing hole (2C-5) which are respectively used for installing a first positioning bolt (22), a second positioning bolt, a third positioning bolt, a fourth positioning bolt and a fifth positioning bolt;
when the embedded part is used, the embedded part is fixed on the locating plate (3), the bottom plate (1) is located and fixed on a working table of a machine tool, when the second plane (3D) of the locating plate is in tangential contact with the outer circle of the first locating bolt (22), the machining electrode can machine two rows of holes in the middle of the embedded part to be machined, when the second plane (3D) of the locating plate is in tangential contact with the outer circle of the second locating bolt, the machining electrode can machine the left second row of holes of the embedded part to be machined, when the second plane (3D) of the locating plate is in tangential contact with the outer circle of the third locating bolt, the machining electrode can machine the left first row of holes of the embedded part to be machined, when the first plane (3E) of the locating plate is in tangential contact with the outer circle of the fourth locating bolt, the machining electrode can machine the right first row of holes of the embedded part to be machined, and when the first plane (3E) of the locating plate is in tangential contact with the outer circle of the fifth locating bolt.
2. The device for machining multiple groups of holes in an insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert fixing mechanism comprises a limiting block (10) and a regulating plate (11) fixed on the positioning plate (3); the positioning plate (3) is provided with a third positioning plate plane (3M), and the limiting block (10) is provided with a first limiting block plane (10A) and a second limiting block plane (10B) which are parallel to each other; when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate (3), the first plane (10A) of the limiting block is contacted with one end face of the embedded part to be processed, one side face of the adjusting sheet (11) is contacted with the third plane (3M) of the positioning plate, and the other side face of the adjusting sheet (11) is contacted with the second plane (10B) of the limiting block.
3. An insert electromachining multiunit hole device according to claim 2, characterized in that the insert fixing means comprises at least two locating pins (9) and at least two adjusting bearings (4) mounted on the locating plate (3); the locating plate (3) is provided with a locating plate fourth plane (3B), when the embedded part is fixed on the mounting plate, the A plane of the embedded part is attached to the locating plate fourth plane (3B), the outer circle of each locating pin (9) is in tangential contact with the circular arc maximum outline of the embedded part, the top of the adjusting support (4) is an outer cone (4A), and the outer cone (4A) is in contact with the inner side surface of the embedded part.
4. A device for machining multiple groups of holes in an insert according to claim 3, characterized in that the insert fixing means comprises a pressing plate (14), the pressing plate (14) is provided with a first pressing plate plane, the pressing plate (14) is provided with a second pressing plate plane (14A), when the insert is fixed on the positioning plate (3), the second pressing plate plane (14A) is in contact with the B-plane of the insert, and the pressing plate (14) is fixed on a fourth positioning plate plane (3B) on the positioning plate (3) by screws penetrating through the first pressing plate plane.
5. The device for machining holes in an insert according to claim 4, wherein the pressing plate (14) has an arc surface (14B), the positioning plate (3) has a positioning plate fifth plane (3C) parallel to the positioning plate fourth plane (3B), and the arc surface (14B) is bonded to the positioning plate fifth plane (3C).
6. The insert electromachining multiunit hole device according to claim 1, further comprising a left side guide plate (6), a middle guide plate (7) and a right side guide plate (8) fixed on the positioning plate (3); two rows of electrode guide holes are formed in the left guide plate (6), and when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate (3), the two rows of electrode guide holes in the left guide plate (6) correspond to two rows of holes in the left side of the embedded part to be processed; two rows of electrode guide holes are formed in the middle guide plate (7), and when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate (3), the two rows of electrode guide holes in the middle guide plate (7) correspond to the two rows of holes in the middle of the embedded part to be processed; two rows of electrode guide holes are formed in the right guide plate (8), and when the embedded part is fixed on the positioning plate (3), the two rows of electrode guide holes in the right guide plate (8) correspond to two rows of holes in the right to-be-processed of the embedded part.
7. The device for machining multiple groups of holes in an insert according to claim 6, characterized in that insulating gaskets are arranged between the left guide plate (6), the middle guide plate (7) and the right guide plate (8) and the positioning plate (3), and the left guide plate (6), the middle guide plate (7) and the right guide plate (8) are fixed on the positioning plate (3) through connecting screws and cylindrical pins penetrating through insulating bushings.
8. The device for machining multiple groups of holes in an insert according to claim 6, further comprising two alignment pins (12), wherein the middle guide plate (7) is provided with two alignment holes (7A), and the alignment holes (7A) are used for inserting the alignment pins (12), and when the insert is mounted, the alignment pins (12) align the score lines on the insert.
9. The device for machining multiple groups of holes in an insert according to claim 1, further comprising a support plate (16) mounted on the vertical plate (2), wherein in use, the top surface of the support plate (16) is in contact with the outer circle of the second, third, fourth or fifth positioning pins.
10. A method of using the insert electromachining multi-set hole device of any one of claims 1-9, comprising: the device for electrically machining a plurality of groups of holes of the embedded part is arranged on the working table surface of a machine tool through a bottom plate (1), and the embedded part is positioned and fixed on a positioning plate (3);
when two rows of holes in the middle of the embedded part are machined, a first positioning bolt (22) is inserted into the first indexing hole (2C-1), the positioning plate (3) is rotated until a second plane (3D) of the positioning plate is in contact with the outer circle of the first positioning bolt (22), then the positioning plate (3) is fixed, and two rows of holes in the middle of the embedded part are machined;
when the first row of holes on the right side of the embedded part is processed, a fourth positioning bolt is inserted into the fourth indexing hole (2C-4), the positioning plate (3) is rotated until the first plane (3E) of the positioning plate is in contact with the outer circle of the fourth positioning bolt, then the positioning plate (3) is fixed, and the first row of holes on the right side of the embedded part is processed;
when the second row of holes on the right side of the embedded part is processed, a fifth positioning bolt is inserted into the fifth indexing hole (2C-5), the positioning plate (3) is rotated until the first plane (3E) of the positioning plate is in contact with the outer circle of the fifth positioning bolt, then the positioning plate (3) is fixed, and the second row of holes on the right side of the embedded part is processed;
when the first row of holes on the left side of the embedded part is processed, a third positioning bolt is inserted into the third indexing hole (2C-3), the positioning plate (3) is rotated until the second plane (3D) of the positioning plate contacts with the outer circle of the third positioning bolt, then the positioning plate (3) is fixed, and the first row of holes on the left side of the embedded part is processed;
when the second row of holes on the left side of the embedded part is machined, a second positioning bolt is inserted into the second indexing hole (2C-2), the positioning plate (3) is rotated until the second plane (3D) of the positioning plate is in contact with the outer circle of the second positioning bolt, then the positioning plate (3) is fixed, and the second row of holes on the left side of the embedded part is machined.
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| CN202210753135.XA CN114888371B (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Device for machining multiple groups of holes in embedded part and application method of device |
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| CN202210753135.XA CN114888371B (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Device for machining multiple groups of holes in embedded part and application method of device |
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| KR20180071724A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Air Coolant Hole Machining Jig For Gas Turbine, and Hole Machining Method Using The Same |
| CN109108688A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-01 | 西安昆仑工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of fraise jig and processing method of ring parts inside skewed slot processing |
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| KR20180071724A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Air Coolant Hole Machining Jig For Gas Turbine, and Hole Machining Method Using The Same |
| CN109108688A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-01 | 西安昆仑工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of fraise jig and processing method of ring parts inside skewed slot processing |
| CN110524069A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-03 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of processing inclined position guiding device |
| CN110977516A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-10 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Dovetail type indexing and self-centering device based on radial boring of special-shaped ring piece |
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